CN110552005A - Valve body multi-surface continuous abrasion fixing device and laser repairing method - Google Patents
Valve body multi-surface continuous abrasion fixing device and laser repairing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110552005A CN110552005A CN201910915209.3A CN201910915209A CN110552005A CN 110552005 A CN110552005 A CN 110552005A CN 201910915209 A CN201910915209 A CN 201910915209A CN 110552005 A CN110552005 A CN 110552005A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-surface continuous abrasion fixing device for a valve body, which comprises a three-jaw chuck, a threaded rod, a long nut, a gasket, a part and a short nut, wherein the three-jaw chuck is fixed at the center of a platform of a two-axis positioner, the side surface of the long nut is fixed on the three-jaw chuck and screwed at one end of the threaded rod to fix one end of the part, the threaded rod penetrates through a central hole of the part, the gasket is placed at the end of a larger hole of the part and penetrates through the threaded rod, and the short nut is screwed at the other end of the threaded rod to fix the other end. The fixing device is matched with a two-axis positioner of six-axis robot laser coaxial powder feeding equipment for use, and meanwhile, the multi-surface continuous abrasion laser repairing method for the valve body can meet the requirements of surface repairing and strengthening of multi-surface parts of the valve body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser repair, in particular to a valve body multi-surface continuous abrasion fixing device and a laser repair method.
background
In recent years, with the rapid development of laser welding and cladding technologies, various industries have recognized the outstanding advantages of high cooling speed, small heat affected zone of a matrix, small repair deformation and the like. In the industries of aerospace, automobiles, ships and the like, because equipment manufacturers keep secret and do wind, original drawings are not provided for use units generally, and the use units have to replace and process parts under the condition of partial wear, so that the purchase period is long, the manufacturing cost of single parts is high, and the resource waste is large. Meanwhile, a few units adopt methods such as a thermal spraying method, argon arc welding, plasma welding and the like for repair, but the bonding strength, residual stress and thermal deformation of the repaired part are not easy to control, and the size and repair quality cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the laser repair technology can better solve the problems and provide a reliable repair method after the parts are worn.
Through retrieval, a large number of patents are disclosed about laser repair of shaft parts, such as a method for laser repair of a crankshaft connecting rod journal and a device for repair of local abrasion of the shaft parts, which are disclosed in Chinese patent publication No. CN107675171A and CN208104543, but the devices and the repair methods are not suitable for continuous multi-surface abrasion of a valve body, and shaft part repair fixing devices with more abundant and various forms, convenience in use and lower cost are still needed in the industry.
disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to provide a multi-surface continuous abrasion fixing device for a valve body and a laser repairing method.
the invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a valve body multiaspect continuous wear fixing device, includes three-jaw chuck, threaded rod, long nut, gasket, part, short nut, its characterized in that: the three-jaw chuck is fixed in diaxon machine of shifting platform center department, the long nut side is fixed in on the three-jaw chuck to twist the one end of fastening part on threaded rod one end, the threaded rod passes the part centre bore, the great hole end of part is put into and is overlapped gasket together, and penetrates the threaded rod, the short nut is twisted on the threaded rod other end, the fastening part other end.
Further, the maximum working range of the three-jaw chuck is phi 250, the diameter of the threaded rod is phi 16, the length of the threaded rod is 200mm, the length of one side of the threaded rod is 30mm, and the thread pitch is 2 mm.
Furthermore, the long nut internal diameter phi 16, length are 30mm, and the material is the stainless steel, the gasket internal diameter is 17mm, and the external diameter is 35mm, and thickness 5mm, 4 gaskets are placed in the great hole end of part, and the material is the stainless steel.
Furthermore, the part is provided with a central hole and a multi-surface valve body structure, the inner diameter of the larger hole end is 36mm, the inner diameter of the smaller hole end is 18mm, and the diameters of the multi-surface valve body structure from the large hole end to the small hole end are phi 44, phi 38, phi 44, phi 65, phi 44, phi 38 and phi 44 respectively, and the material is 30 CrMoA.
Furthermore, the inner diameter phi 16 of the short screw cap is 15mm, the length is 2mm, the screw pitch is 2mm, and the short screw cap is made of stainless steel.
Furthermore, long nut, threaded rod, gasket and short nut fastening part, the fixed long nut side of three-jaw chuck through amesdial regulation part center pin position, when guaranteeing that the machine of shifting takes the part to rotate, the part center pin is in on the rotation center pin, guarantees that the part surface is beated 0.1 mm.
A laser repair method, comprising the steps of:
The method comprises the following steps: cleaning the surface of the part before repairing, finding out cracks through a fluorescent magnetic powder device, polishing to remove crack defects, visually checking whether the crack defects exist, then putting the part into an ultrasonic cleaning device for cleaning, polishing the surface of the part by a steel wire wheel after wiping the part, and finally scrubbing the part by acetone. And simultaneously drying the powder to be clad at 100 ℃ for 30-50min, and then putting the powder into a powder feeder.
Step two: moving the six-axis robot with the laser cladding head to a position of the part to be clad, performing multi-layer and multi-channel laser additive repair on the area to be repaired of each surface of the part according to a preset laser cladding program and process parameters of the six-axis robot, wherein the thickness allowance of a cladding layer is 0.3-0.5mm, and finally performing finish machining on the size of each surface of the part in a numerical control center to meet the requirement of the final size.
Step three: nondestructive testing, wherein a fluorescent flaw detection method is adopted to inspect the repaired position, and no crack defect is required.
Step four: and (4) stress relief annealing, namely performing stress relief annealing on the laser repaired part. Eliminating residual stress of the repair area, wherein the heat treatment system is as follows: air cooling at 200 deg.C for 2 hr.
Furthermore, the powder to be cladded in the step one is high-strength steel powder, the particle size of the powder is 45-90 μm, the sphericity of the powder is more than or equal to 90%, the hollow powder rate is less than or equal to 0.1%, and the inclusion rate is less than or equal to 5 particles/200 g.
Furthermore, in the second step, the area to be repaired of each surface of the part is a plurality of surfaces of the large hole end symmetrical part of the valve body, so that the part needs to be repaired by matching with a two-shaft positioner, when the lower surface is repaired, secondary clamping needs to be carried out, the part is inverted, a three-jaw chuck clamps the cylindrical surface of the part, when the surface parallel to the central axis is repaired, the positioner is turned for 90 degrees for repair, and when the joint of the vertical surface is repaired, the positioner is turned for 45 degrees for repair.
Further, the preset process parameters in the second step are as follows: the laser power is 500-800W, the light spot is 1-2 mm, the speed is 10-15mm/s, the coaxial argon protective gas flow is 15L/min, the powder conveying helium flow is 5L/min, the lap joint rate is 50%, the powder conveying speed is 5g/min-10g/min, multilayer multi-channel laser material increase repair is adopted for repair, and the thickness of a single layer is controlled to be 0.1-0.5 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. The fixing device is matched with a two-axis positioner for use, and is low in cost, simple, convenient and quick to operate and high in precision.
2. The laser repairing method can complete multi-surface continuous abrasion repairing of the valve body, and has the advantages of convenient process operation, stable process, good repeatability, mature technology and wide popularization.
3. According to the laser repairing method, the laser cladding layer and the shaft part base material are metallurgically bonded, so that the laser repairing method is high in strength, compact in structure, less in micro defects, high in production efficiency, capable of avoiding the problems of thermal stress, thermal deformation, cracking and the like, and good in economic and social benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a multi-faced continuous wear fixture for a valve body of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the threaded rod of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. the three-jaw chuck, 2. long nut, 3. gasket, 4. part, 5. threaded rod, 6. short nut.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a valve body multiaspect continuous wear fixing device, includes three-jaw chuck 1, threaded rod 5, long nut 2, gasket 3, part 4, short nut 6, three-jaw chuck is fixed in diaxon machine of shifting platform center department, long nut side is fixed in on the three-jaw chuck to twist the one end in threaded rod one end fastening part, the threaded rod passes the part centre bore, the great hole end of part is put into the overlapping gasket together to penetrate the threaded rod, short nut is twisted on the threaded rod other end, the fastening part other end.
The maximum working range phi 250 of the three-jaw chuck, the diameter phi 16 of the threaded rod, the length 200mm, the length of the single side of the thread 30mm and the thread pitch 2 mm.
The long nut is phi 16 in inner diameter, 30mm in length and made of stainless steel, the inner diameter of each gasket is 17mm, the outer diameter of each gasket is 35mm, the thickness of each gasket is 5mm, 4 gaskets are placed at the end of a large hole of each part, and the material of each gasket is stainless steel.
The part is provided with a valve body structure with a central hole and multiple faces, the inner diameter of the larger hole end is 36mm, the inner diameter of the smaller hole end is 18mm, the diameters of the multiple faces are phi 44, phi 38, phi 44, phi 65, phi 44, phi 38 and phi 44 respectively from the large hole end to the small hole end, and the material is 30 CrMoA.
The short screw cap has an inner diameter phi 16, a length of 15mm, a screw pitch of 2mm and is made of stainless steel,
Long nut, threaded rod, gasket and short nut fastening part, the fixed long nut side of three-jaw chuck through amesdial regulation part center pin position, when guaranteeing that the machine of shifting takes the part to rotate, the part center pin is in on the rotation center pin, guarantees that the part surface is beated 0.1 mm.
Example one
A laser repair method comprising the steps of:
1. The valve core abrasion condition confirms that a certain type of valve core is made of 30CrMoA high-strength steel, the abrasion depth is about 0.5mm, and 5 abrasion surfaces are provided in total.
2. Repair procedures and inspections
(1) The high-strength steel material metal powder with impact toughness and weldability superior to those of the valve core material is selected as the laser repair material, and all indexes of the powder meet the requirements.
(2) The surface of the valve core is cleaned before repair, cracks are found out through a fluorescent magnetic powder device, the crack defects are removed through polishing by a handheld electric gun, the crack defects are visually checked, then the valve core is placed into an ultrasonic cleaning device to be cleaned, the surface of the valve core is polished by a steel wire wheel after parts are wiped dry, and finally the valve core is scrubbed by acetone. And simultaneously drying the powder to be clad at 100 ℃ for 30min, and then putting the powder into a powder feeder. The powder to be cladded is high-strength steel powder, the particle size of the powder is 45-90 mu m, the sphericity of the powder is more than or equal to 90%, the hollow powder rate is less than or equal to 0.1%, and the inclusion rate is less than or equal to 5 particles/200 g.
(3) Moving the six-axis robot with the laser cladding head to a valve core to-be-clad position, performing multilayer and multichannel laser additive repair on each surface to-be-repaired area of the part according to a preset six-axis robot laser cladding program and technological parameters, wherein the cladding layer thickness machining allowance is 0.4mm, and finally performing finish machining on each surface size of the part in a numerical control center to meet the requirement of the final size, wherein the laser repair technological parameters are as follows: the laser power is 500W, the diameter of a light spot is 1mm, the speed is 15mm/s, the powder feeding speed is 5g/min, the powder feeding gas is 5L/min, the protective gas is 15L/min, the lap joint rate is 50%, and the single-layer thickness is about 0.2 mm. When the lower surface is repaired, secondary clamping is needed, the part is inverted, the three-jaw chuck clamps the cylindrical surface of the part, when the surface parallel to the central axis is repaired, the positioner is turned for 90 degrees for repairing, and when the joint of the vertical surface is repaired, the positioner is turned for 45 degrees for repairing. The principle of repair is that 'the joint of the vertical plane is first, the large plane is first, and the small plane is last', and when the powder feeding distance is limited, a side piling mode can be adopted. The six-axis robot is Germany KUKA KR90-2900, and the laser cladding head is a Germany MultiJetSO16 three-hole nozzle with a focusing distance of 14-18 mm.
(4) Nondestructive testing, wherein a fluorescent flaw detection method is adopted to inspect the repaired position, and no crack defect is required.
(5) And (4) stress relief annealing, namely performing stress relief annealing on the laser repaired part. Eliminating residual stress of the repair area, wherein the heat treatment system is as follows: air cooling at 200 deg.C for 2 hr.
Example two
A laser repair method comprising the steps of:
1. the screw wear condition was confirmed for a certain type of screw made of 30CrMoA high strength steel with a wear depth of about 0.3mm for a total of 3 wear surfaces.
2. Repair procedures and inspections
(1) The high-strength steel material metal powder with impact toughness and weldability superior to those of the valve core material is selected as the laser repair material, and all indexes of the powder meet the requirements.
(2) The surface of the valve core is cleaned before repair, cracks are found out through a fluorescent magnetic powder device, the crack defects are removed through polishing by a handheld electric gun, the crack defects are visually checked, then the valve core is placed into an ultrasonic cleaning device to be cleaned, the surface of the valve core is polished by a steel wire wheel after parts are wiped dry, and finally the valve core is scrubbed by acetone. And simultaneously drying the powder to be clad at 100 ℃ for 40min, and then putting the powder into a powder feeder. The powder to be cladded is high-strength steel powder, the particle size of the powder is 45-90 mu m, the sphericity of the powder is more than or equal to 90%, the hollow powder rate is less than or equal to 0.1%, and the inclusion rate is less than or equal to 5 particles/200 g.
(3) Moving the six-axis robot with the laser cladding head to a valve core to-be-clad position, performing multilayer and multichannel laser additive repair on each surface to-be-repaired area of the part according to a preset six-axis robot laser cladding program and technological parameters, wherein the cladding layer thickness machining allowance is 0.4mm, and finally performing finish machining on each surface size of the part in a numerical control center to meet the requirement of the final size, wherein the laser repair technological parameters are as follows: the laser power is 600W, the diameter of a light spot is 1.6mm, the speed is 12mm/s, the powder feeding speed is 7g/min, the powder feeding gas is 5L/min, the protective gas is 15L/min, the lap joint rate is 50%, and the single-layer thickness is about 0.3 mm. When the lower surface is repaired, secondary clamping is needed, the part is inverted, the three-jaw chuck clamps the cylindrical surface of the part, when the surface parallel to the central axis is repaired, the positioner is turned for 90 degrees for repairing, and when the joint of the vertical surface is repaired, the positioner is turned for 45 degrees for repairing. The principle of repair is that 'the joint of the vertical plane is first, the large plane is first, and the small plane is last', and when the powder feeding distance is limited, a side piling mode can be adopted. The six-axis robot is Germany KUKA KR90-2900, and the laser cladding head is a Germany MultiJet SO16 three-hole nozzle with a focusing distance of 16 mm.
(4) Nondestructive testing, wherein a fluorescent flaw detection method is adopted to inspect the repaired position, and no crack defect is required.
(5) And (4) stress relief annealing, namely performing stress relief annealing on the laser repaired part. Eliminating residual stress of the repair area, wherein the heat treatment system is as follows: air cooling at 200 deg.C for 2 hr.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. The fixing device is matched with a two-axis positioner for use, and is low in cost, simple, convenient and quick to operate and high in precision.
2. The laser repairing method can complete multi-surface continuous abrasion repairing of the valve body, and has the advantages of convenient process operation, stable process, good repeatability, mature technology and wide popularization.
3. According to the laser repairing method, the laser cladding layer and the shaft part base material are metallurgically bonded, so that the laser repairing method is high in strength, compact in structure, less in micro defects, high in production efficiency, capable of avoiding the problems of thermal stress, thermal deformation, cracking and the like, and good in economic and social benefits.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. the utility model provides a valve body multiaspect continuous wear fixing device, includes three-jaw chuck, threaded rod, long nut, gasket, part, short nut, its characterized in that: the three-jaw chuck is fixed in diaxon machine of shifting platform center department, the long nut side is fixed in on the three-jaw chuck to twist the one end of fastening part on threaded rod one end, the threaded rod passes the part centre bore, the great hole end of part is put into and is overlapped gasket together, and penetrates the threaded rod, the short nut is twisted on the threaded rod other end, the fastening part other end.
2. A valve body multi-faced continuous wear restoration apparatus as recited in claim 1 in which: the maximum working range phi 250 of the three-jaw chuck, the diameter phi 16 of the threaded rod, the length 200mm, the length of the single side of the thread 30mm and the thread pitch 2 mm.
3. A valve body multi-sided continuous wear fixture apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the long nut is phi 16 in inner diameter, 30mm in length and made of stainless steel, the inner diameter of each gasket is 17mm, the outer diameter of each gasket is 35mm, the thickness of each gasket is 5mm, 4 gaskets are placed at the end of a large hole of each part, and the material of each gasket is stainless steel.
4. A valve body multi-sided continuous wear fixture apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the part is provided with a valve body structure with a central hole and multiple faces, the inner diameter of the larger hole end is 36mm, the inner diameter of the smaller hole end is 18mm, the diameters of the multiple faces are phi 44, phi 38, phi 44, phi 65, phi 44, phi 38 and phi 44 respectively from the large hole end to the small hole end, and the material is 30 CrMoA.
5. A valve body multi-sided continuous wear fixture apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the short screw cap is characterized in that the inner diameter phi 16 of the short screw cap is 15mm, the length of the short screw cap is 2mm, and the short screw cap is made of stainless steel.
6. A valve body multi-sided continuous wear fixture apparatus of claim 1 wherein: long nut, threaded rod, gasket and short nut fastening part, the fixed long nut side of three-jaw chuck through amesdial regulation part center pin position, when guaranteeing that the machine of shifting takes the part to rotate, the part center pin is in on the rotation center pin, guarantees that the part surface is beated 0.1 mm.
7. A laser repair method, comprising the steps of:
The method comprises the following steps: cleaning the surface of the part before repairing, finding out cracks through a fluorescent magnetic powder device, polishing to remove crack defects, visually checking whether the crack defects exist, then putting the part into an ultrasonic cleaning device for cleaning, polishing the surface of the part by a steel wire wheel after wiping the part, and finally scrubbing the part by acetone. And simultaneously drying the powder to be clad at 100 ℃ for 30-50min, and then putting the powder into a powder feeder.
Step two: moving the six-axis robot with the laser cladding head to a position of the part to be clad, performing multi-layer and multi-channel laser additive repair on the area to be repaired of each surface of the part according to a preset laser cladding program and process parameters of the six-axis robot, wherein the thickness allowance of a cladding layer is 0.3-0.5mm, and finally performing finish machining on the size of each surface of the part in a numerical control center to meet the requirement of the final size.
Step three: nondestructive testing, wherein a fluorescent flaw detection method is adopted to inspect the repaired position, and no crack defect is required.
Step four: and (4) stress relief annealing, namely performing stress relief annealing on the laser repaired part. Eliminating residual stress of the repair area, wherein the heat treatment system is as follows: air cooling at 200 deg.C for 2 hr.
8. The laser repair method according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the first step, the powder to be cladded is high-strength steel powder, the particle size of the powder is 45-90 mu m, the sphericity of the powder is more than or equal to 90 percent, the hollow powder rate is less than or equal to 0.1 percent, and the inclusion rate is less than or equal to 5 particles/200 g.
9. The laser repair method according to claim 7, characterized in that: and in the second step, the area to be repaired of each surface of the part is a plurality of surfaces of the large hole end symmetrical part of the valve body, so that the part needs to be repaired by matching with a two-shaft positioner, when the lower surface is repaired, secondary clamping is needed, the part is inverted, a three-jaw chuck clamps the cylindrical surface of the part, when the surface parallel to the central axis is repaired, the positioner is turned for 90 degrees for repairing, and when the joint of the vertical surface is repaired, the positioner is turned for 45 degrees for repairing.
10. The laser repair method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the preset process parameters in the second step are as follows: the laser power is 500-800W, the light spot is 1-2 mm, the speed is 10-15mm/s, the coaxial argon protective gas flow is 15L/min, the powder conveying helium flow is 5L/min, the lap joint rate is 50%, the powder conveying speed is 5g/min-10g/min, multilayer multi-channel laser material increase repair is adopted for repair, and the thickness of a single layer is controlled to be 0.1-0.5 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910915209.3A CN110552005A (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Valve body multi-surface continuous abrasion fixing device and laser repairing method |
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| CN201910915209.3A CN110552005A (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Valve body multi-surface continuous abrasion fixing device and laser repairing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111455288A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-07-28 | 燕山大学 | Laser cladding repair material for road simulation testing machine rotating hub and remanufacturing method |
| CN112458458A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-09 | 四川国鑫机械制造有限公司 | Laser cladding repair method for shaft neck of transmission shaft |
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| CN107723701A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-02-23 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Unimach rises and falls the electromagnetic agitation laser melting coating restorative procedure of frame member crackle |
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| CN105543839A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-05-04 | 长春理工大学 | Gradient wear-resistant coating and method for preparing same |
| CN106757002A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 西北工业大学（张家港）智能装备技术产业化研究院有限公司 | Gear reparation laser melting coating fixture |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111455288A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-07-28 | 燕山大学 | Laser cladding repair material for road simulation testing machine rotating hub and remanufacturing method |
| CN112458458A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-09 | 四川国鑫机械制造有限公司 | Laser cladding repair method for shaft neck of transmission shaft |
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Application publication date: 20191210 |