CN110106500A - A kind of the inner wall laser cladding apparatus and laser cladding method of pin-and-hole structure - Google Patents

A kind of the inner wall laser cladding apparatus and laser cladding method of pin-and-hole structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110106500A
CN110106500A CN201910486557.3A CN201910486557A CN110106500A CN 110106500 A CN110106500 A CN 110106500A CN 201910486557 A CN201910486557 A CN 201910486557A CN 110106500 A CN110106500 A CN 110106500A
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convex pipe
pin
wall
cladding
laser cladding
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张峰
孙兵兵
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Aviation High Quality Materials (zhenjiang) Supplementary Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Aviation High Quality Materials (zhenjiang) Supplementary Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910486557.3A priority Critical patent/CN110106500A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
    • C23C24/106Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of inner wall laser cladding apparatus of pin-and-hole structure of the present invention, including scroll chuck, convex pipe cylindrical body, part, metal ring, bolt, the scroll chuck is fixed at the center of two axis displacement machine platform, the convex pipe cylindrical body includes cylindrical shell and convex pipe, the top surface of the cylindrical shell is connect with convex pipe, and the cylindrical shell penetrates through with convex pipe and without bottom surface, and the side wall of the cylindrical shell is equipped with threaded hole.A kind of inner wall laser cladding method of pin-and-hole structure is provided simultaneously, and the depth-to-width ratio that the present invention solves pin-and-hole structure is big, and traditional technique for overlaying is difficult to complete, the technical problem that welding gun can not go deep into, to obtain the inner wall of corrosion-resistant, anti abrasive pin-and-hole structure.

Description

A kind of the inner wall laser cladding apparatus and laser cladding method of pin-and-hole structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser melting and coating technique field, the inner wall laser cladding apparatus and laser of especially a kind of pin-and-hole structure Cladding method.
Background technique
In aerospace, ship, nuclear power, in the fields such as automobile, pin-and-hole structure wearability, the corrosion resistance of some core parts Directly determine the service life of entire part, long processing time is scrapped and brings great economic loss to the manufacture of part.Cause This carries out laser cladding wear, anticorrosion layer to the through-hole structure for using injuring part or new parts, not only retrieves huge economy And the loss of time, part service life can also be improved, production cost is reduced.Laser melting and coating technique passes through pin-and-hole structure inner wall Cladding is of the same race or dissimilar metal powder, can restore its original size or significantly improve wear-resisting, the corrosion resisting property on its surface, to entire The heat affecting of part is smaller, deforms small.
When the pin-and-hole structure of part has biggish depth-to-width ratio, space is more narrow, and traditional technique for overlaying is difficult to complete, Welding gun can not go deep into, at the same when built-up welding since the size that a large amount of heat input causes part deformation to lead to entire part is not met and It is not available.And it is domestic at present many using the report and patent of laser melting and coating process progress part reparation, such as: Publication No. The Chinese invention patent " laser cladding repair technique for engine crankshaft " of CN101109083, Publication No. CN109604829A Chinese invention patent " diesel engine of locomotive booster nozzle ring laser repair welding device and its repair welding method ", Publication No. Chinese invention patent " carburization-like overloading tooth component tooth surface laser cladding dusty material and restorative procedure " of CN101100746 etc.. These patents are all to utilize the advantages that laser weld energy concentration, calorific value are small, deformation is small, complete the reparation to part, but sell The depth-to-width ratio of pore structure is big, needs the exploitation of specific device, technique.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the inner wall laser cladding apparatus and laser cladding method of a kind of pin-and-hole structure, solve pin The depth-to-width ratio of pore structure is big, and traditional technique for overlaying is difficult to complete, the technical problem that welding gun can not go deep into, to obtain corrosion resistant It loses, the inner wall of anti abrasive pin-and-hole structure.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose: a kind of inner wall laser cladding apparatus of pin-and-hole structure, packet Scroll chuck, convex pipe cylindrical body, part, metal ring, bolt are included, the scroll chuck is fixed in two axis displacement machine platform At the heart, the convex pipe cylindrical body includes cylindrical shell and convex pipe, and the top surface of the cylindrical shell is connect with convex pipe, the cylindrical shell Body and convex pipe penetrate through and without bottom surfaces, and the side wall of the cylindrical shell is equipped with threaded hole, for the moment in use state, the convex pipe The lower end of cylindrical body is fixed on scroll chuck, in the convex pipe insertion part pin hole of the convex pipe cylindrical body upper end, the part Lower surface and the top surface of cylindrical shell abut, and the metal ring is placed in the upper end anchor ring of convex pipe and is located at part pin hole It is interior;When in use state two, the upper end of the convex pipe cylindrical body is fixed on scroll chuck, and the part is placed in cylindrical shell Internal portion and it is bolted tight, the bolt is threadably secured at the threaded hole of cylindrical shell side wall.
Further, the material of the scroll chuck maximum operating range φ 250, the convex pipe and cylindrical shell is not Become rusty steel, the convex pipe outside diameter be φ 12, internal diameter be φ 8, length 14mm, the cylindrical shell with a thickness of 5mm, outer diameter φ 60, high 50mm, 10mm is uniformly distributed the threaded hole of 4 φ 6 on lower side.
Further, the part has pin-and-hole structure and is cube, and pin hole diameter is φ 12, depth 30mm, zero Part side length is 30mm, and material is carbon steel, stainless steel, high-strength steel.
Further, the material of the metal ring is consistent with part material, and outer diameter is φ 12, and internal diameter is φ 8, thickness 1mm。
Further, the bolt adjusts part pin hole central axis present position by tightening to unscrew, and guarantees positioner band Parts turn when, part pin bore axis is on rotary middle spindle, bolt be φ 6, length 20mm.
A kind of inner wall laser cladding method of pin-and-hole structure, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the pin hole inner wall of part is polished, and is cleaned, drying, then the three-jaw card by being fixed on positioner The fixed tight convex pipe cylindrical body lower end of disk and center overlapping of axles are inserted into convex pipe into the pin hole of part and closely, then by round metal Ring is placed in the convex pipe upper surface in part pin hole, and the sloping shaft finally by six-joint robot teaching machine operation positioner turns It is dynamic;
Step 2: six-joint robot is moved to part with laser melting coating head and waits for cladding position, while part is carried out The pre-heat treatment is carried out according to pre-set six-joint robot laser melting coating program and technological parameter in the pin hole inner wall of part Cladding completes cladding post-processing and removes the metal ring in the middle part of the pin hole of part;
Step 3: polishing to the inner wall of the non-cladding of the pin hole of part, clean, drying, then by being fixed on positioner The fixed tight convex pipe cylindrical body upper end of scroll chuck, part is placed in inside convex pipe cylindrical body lower end and is bolted conjunction Suitable position is rotated finally by the sloping shaft of six-joint robot teaching machine operation positioner;
Step 4: six-joint robot is moved to part with laser melting coating head and waits for cladding position, while part is carried out The pre-heat treatment whiting end fusion is added in powder feeder, according to pre-set six-joint robot laser melting coating program and technique Parameter carries out cladding in the pin hole inner wall of part, finally finishes in pin hole of the numer centre to part, meet final ruler Very little requirement.
Further, the angle of the rotation of sloping shaft described in the step 1 is 20 ° -30 °.
Further, described Step 2: the pre-heat treatment described in step 4 be induction coil heating apparatus to heat parts To 250 DEG C, time 30min-60min.
Further, cladding powder described in the step 4 is Stellite6, and partial size is 50 μm -150 μm, aerosolization Technique preparation.
Further, described Step 2: pre-set technological parameter in step 4 are as follows: laser power 600-2000W, light Spot 1mm-5mm, coaxial argon gas protection air-flow amount 15L/min, powder feeding helium gas flow is 5L/min, overlapping rate 50%.
Compared with prior art, the inner wall laser cladding apparatus of inventive pin pore structure and having for inner wall laser cladding method Beneficial effect is:
1. the pin-and-hole structure inner wall cladding of part and at low cost can be quickly finished by easy laser cladding apparatus, High production efficiency, device design structure is simple, portable and smart, and handling are easy, and positioning accuracy is high.
2. the laser melting coating, the laser that can be used for the pin hole inner wall that part is limited narrow space and biggish depth-to-width ratio are repaired Multiple, laser gain material.
3. weld preheating, when weldering, keeps the temperature, so that pin hole inner wall cladding layer flawless, gas by control laser cladding process The defects of hole, performance meet requirement.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process schematic of the inner wall laser cladding method of pin-and-hole structure.
The structural schematic diagram of laser cladding apparatus in the step of Fig. 2 is the inner wall laser cladding method of pin-and-hole structure one, two.
The structural schematic diagram of laser cladding apparatus in the step of Fig. 3 is the inner wall laser cladding method of pin-and-hole structure three, four.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of convex pipe cylindrical body.
In figure: 1. scroll chucks, 2. threaded holes, 3. convex pipe cylindrical bodies, 31. cylindrical shells, 32. convex pipes, 4. parts, 5. gold medals Belong to annulus, 6. bolts, 7. liang of axis and conjugates machine platform, 8. laser melting coating heads.
Specific embodiment
The inner wall laser cladding apparatus of a kind of pin-and-hole structure referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, including scroll chuck 1, convex pipe cylinder Body 3, part 4, metal ring 5, bolt 6, scroll chuck 1 are fixed at the center of two axis displacement machine platform 7, convex pipe cylindrical body 3 Including cylindrical shell 31 and convex pipe 32, the top surface of cylindrical shell 31 is connect with convex pipe 32, cylindrical shell 31 and convex pipe 32 penetrate through and Without bottom surface, the side wall of cylindrical shell 31 is equipped with threaded hole 2.For the moment in use state, the lower end of convex pipe cylindrical body 3 is fixed on On scroll chuck, in the convex pipe insertion part pin hole of convex pipe cylindrical body upper end, part lower surface and the top surface of cylindrical shell 31 are tight It leans on, metal ring is placed in the upper end anchor ring of convex pipe and is located in part pin hole.When in use state two, convex pipe cylindrical body 31 upper end is fixed on scroll chuck, and part is placed in 31 inside of cylindrical shell and is fixed tightly by bolt 6, and bolt 6 passes through It is screwed at the threaded hole of 31 side wall of cylindrical shell.
The material of scroll chuck maximum operating range φ 250, convex pipe and cylindrical shell is stainless steel, and convex pipe outside diameter is φ 12, internal diameter is φ 8, length 14mm, cylindrical shell with a thickness of 5mm, outer diameter is φ 60, and high 50mm, 10mm is uniform on lower side It is distributed the threaded hole of 4 φ 6.
Part has pin-and-hole structure and is cube, and pin hole diameter is φ 12, and depth 30mm, part side length is 30mm, Material is carbon steel, stainless steel, high-strength steel.
The material of metal ring is consistent with part material, and outer diameter is φ 12, and internal diameter is φ 8, thickness 1mm.
Bolt adjusts part pin hole central axis present position by tightening to unscrew, when guaranteeing positioner with parts turn, Part pin bore axis is on rotary middle spindle, and bolt is φ 6, length 20mm.
A kind of inner wall laser cladding method of pin-and-hole structure, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the pin hole inner wall of part is polished, and is cleaned, drying, then the three-jaw card by being fixed on positioner The fixed tight convex pipe cylindrical body lower end of disk and center overlapping of axles are inserted into convex pipe into the pin hole of part and closely, then by round metal Ring is placed in the convex pipe upper surface in part pin hole, and the sloping shaft finally by six-joint robot teaching machine operation positioner turns It is dynamic;
Step 2: six-joint robot is moved to part with laser melting coating head and waits for cladding position, while part is carried out The pre-heat treatment is carried out according to pre-set six-joint robot laser melting coating program and technological parameter in the pin hole inner wall of part Cladding completes cladding post-processing and removes the metal ring in the middle part of the pin hole of part;
Step 3: polishing to the inner wall of the non-cladding of the pin hole of part, clean, drying, then by being fixed on positioner The fixed tight convex pipe cylindrical body upper end of scroll chuck, part is placed in inside convex pipe cylindrical body lower end and is bolted conjunction Suitable position is rotated finally by the sloping shaft of six-joint robot teaching machine operation positioner;
Step 4: six-joint robot is moved to part with laser melting coating head and waits for cladding position, while part is carried out The pre-heat treatment whiting end fusion is added in powder feeder, according to pre-set six-joint robot laser melting coating program and technique Parameter carries out cladding in the pin hole inner wall of part, finally finishes in pin hole of the numer centre to part, meet final ruler Very little requirement.
The angle of the rotation of sloping shaft described in step 1 is 20 ° -30 °.
Step 2: six-joint robot described in step 4 is German KUKA KR90-2900, the laser melting coating head is Fast tri- hole nozzle of MultiJet SO16, focusing distance 14-18mm are led in Germany.
Step 2: the pre-heat treatment described in step 4 be induction coil heating apparatus to heat parts to 250 DEG C, the time 30min-60min。
Cladding powder described in step 4 is Stellite6, and partial size is 50 μm -150 μm, gas atomization preparation.
Step 2: pre-set technological parameter described in step 4 are as follows: laser power 600-2000W, hot spot 1mm- 5mm, coaxial argon gas protection air-flow amount 15L/min, powder feeding helium gas flow are 5L/min, overlapping rate 50%.
Advantages of the present invention is as follows:
1. the pin-and-hole structure inner wall cladding of part and at low cost can be quickly finished by easy laser cladding apparatus, High production efficiency, device design structure is simple, portable and smart, and handling are easy, and positioning accuracy is high.
2. the laser melting coating, the laser that can be used for the pin hole inner wall that part is limited narrow space and biggish depth-to-width ratio are repaired Multiple, laser gain material.
3. weld preheating, when weldering, keeps the temperature, so that pin hole inner wall cladding layer flawless, gas by control laser cladding process The defects of hole, performance meet requirement.
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention, for this field skill For art personnel, it is clear that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing substantially from spirit of the invention or In the case where essential characteristic, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, in all respects, should all incite somebody to action Embodiment regards exemplary as, and is non-limiting, the scope of the present invention by appended claims rather than on state Bright restriction, it is intended that including all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present invention It is interior.Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the involved claims.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art The other embodiments being understood that.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of inner wall laser cladding apparatus of pin-and-hole structure, it is characterised in that: including scroll chuck, convex pipe cylindrical body, part, Metal ring, bolt, the scroll chuck are fixed at the center of two axis displacement machine platform, and the convex pipe cylindrical body includes cylinder Shell and convex pipe, the top surface of the cylindrical shell are connect with convex pipe, and the cylindrical shell penetrates through with convex pipe and without bottom surface, described The side wall of cylindrical shell is equipped with threaded hole, and for the moment in use state, scroll chuck is fixed in the lower end of the convex pipe cylindrical body On, in the convex pipe insertion part pin hole of the convex pipe cylindrical body upper end, the top surface of the part lower surface and cylindrical shell is abutted, The metal ring is placed in the upper end anchor ring of convex pipe and is located in part pin hole;When in use state two, the convex pipe The upper end of cylindrical body is fixed on scroll chuck, and the part is placed in inside cylindrical shell and is bolted tightly, described Bolt is threadably secured at the threaded hole of cylindrical shell side wall.
2. the inner wall laser cladding apparatus of pin-and-hole structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the scroll chuck is most The material of wide working range φ 250, the convex pipe and cylindrical shell is stainless steel, and the convex pipe outside diameter is φ 12, and internal diameter is φ 8, length 14mm, the cylindrical shell with a thickness of 5mm, outer diameter is φ 60, and high 50mm, 10mm is uniformly distributed 4 on lower side The threaded hole of a φ 6.
3. the inner wall laser cladding apparatus of pin-and-hole structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the part has pin Pore structure and be cube, pin hole diameter be φ 12, depth 30mm, part side length be 30mm, material be carbon steel, stainless steel, High-strength steel.
4. the inner wall laser cladding apparatus of pin-and-hole structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the metal ring Material is consistent with part material, and outer diameter is φ 12, and internal diameter is φ 8, thickness 1mm.
5. the inner wall laser cladding apparatus of pin-and-hole structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the bolt is by twisting Tightly unscrew and adjust part pin hole central axis present position, when guaranteeing positioner with parts turn, part pin bore axis is in rotation On central axis, bolt is φ 6, length 20mm.
6. a kind of inner wall laser cladding method of pin-and-hole structure, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the pin hole inner wall of part is polished, and is cleaned, drying, then solid by the scroll chuck being fixed on positioner Fixed tight convex pipe cylindrical body lower end and center overlapping of axles are inserted into convex pipe into the pin hole of part and closely, then metal ring is put It is placed in the convex pipe upper surface in part pin hole, is rotated finally by the sloping shaft of six-joint robot teaching machine operation positioner;
Step 2: six-joint robot is moved to part with laser melting coating head and waits for cladding position, while part is preheated Processing carries out cladding in the pin hole inner wall of part according to pre-set six-joint robot laser melting coating program and technological parameter, It completes cladding post-processing and removes the metal ring in the middle part of the pin hole of part;
Step 3: polishing to the inner wall of the non-cladding of the pin hole of part, cleans, drying, then by be fixed on positioner three The fixed tight convex pipe cylindrical body upper end of dog chuck, part is placed in inside convex pipe cylindrical body lower end and is bolted suitably Position is rotated finally by the sloping shaft of six-joint robot teaching machine operation positioner;
Step 4: six-joint robot is moved to part with laser melting coating head and waits for cladding position, while part is preheated Whiting end fusion is added in powder feeder for processing, according to pre-set six-joint robot laser melting coating program and technological parameter, Cladding is carried out in the pin hole inner wall of part, is finally finished in pin hole of the numer centre to part, is met final size and want It asks.
7. laser cladding method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the rotation of sloping shaft described in the step 1 Angle is 20 ° -30 °.
8. laser cladding method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described Step 2: being preheated described in step 4 Processing be induction coil heating apparatus to heat parts to 250 DEG C, time 30min-60min.
9. laser cladding method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: cladding powder described in the step 4 is Stellite6, partial size are 50 μm -150 μm, gas atomization preparation.
10. laser cladding method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described Step 2: being preset in step 4 Technological parameter are as follows: laser power 600-2000W, hot spot 1mm-5mm, coaxial argon gas protection air-flow amount 15L/min, powder feeding helium Flow is 5L/min, overlapping rate 50%.
CN201910486557.3A 2019-06-05 2019-06-05 A kind of the inner wall laser cladding apparatus and laser cladding method of pin-and-hole structure Pending CN110106500A (en)

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CN110616426A (en) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-27 南京先进激光技术研究院 Laser inner hole cladding head for parts with large depth-diameter ratio and cladding processing system
CN111014881A (en) * 2019-12-12 2020-04-17 首都航天机械有限公司 Method and device for manufacturing thin-wall round table type structure

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CN208604210U (en) * 2018-06-26 2019-03-15 山东东华装备再制造有限公司 A kind of laser head clamping device
CN109023359A (en) * 2018-11-05 2018-12-18 湘潭大学 A kind of the prestressing force laser melting coating crackle suppressing method and device of Model For The Bush-axle Type Parts
CN109520630A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-03-26 安徽天康(集团)股份有限公司 A kind of ultrahigh hardness laser cladding wear type thermometer boss and its manufacture craft
CN210117419U (en) * 2019-06-05 2020-02-28 航发优材(镇江)增材制造有限公司 Inner wall laser cladding device of pinhole structure

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110616426A (en) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-27 南京先进激光技术研究院 Laser inner hole cladding head for parts with large depth-diameter ratio and cladding processing system
CN111014881A (en) * 2019-12-12 2020-04-17 首都航天机械有限公司 Method and device for manufacturing thin-wall round table type structure
CN111014881B (en) * 2019-12-12 2021-09-24 首都航天机械有限公司 Method and device for manufacturing thin-wall round table type structure

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Application publication date: 20190809