CN110551553A - Additive and method for reducing east-west coal-fired sintering slag - Google Patents
Additive and method for reducing east-west coal-fired sintering slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN110551553A CN110551553A CN201910595007.5A CN201910595007A CN110551553A CN 110551553 A CN110551553 A CN 110551553A CN 201910595007 A CN201910595007 A CN 201910595007A CN 110551553 A CN110551553 A CN 110551553A
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- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
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- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
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Abstract
The invention provides an additive and a method for reducing the clinkering slag of eastern Junggar coal, wherein the clinkering slag of eastern Junggar coal is mainly caused by melting, volatilization, condensation and contamination of alkali metal at high temperature, the invention provides the method for reducing the clinkering slag of eastern Junggar coal in the combustion process, the additive comprises magnesium phosphate, vermiculite and perlite ore, magnesium element can participate in reaction at high temperature to form magnesium salt with high melting point to form a skeleton of eastern Junggar coal ash, phosphorus element can react with alkali metal at high temperature to generate salt with high melting point, so as to play a role of fixing alkali metal element, the perlite ore has good thermal expansibility, can reach 10-20 thermal expansion coefficient at 800 ℃ and form a loose and porous structure in a hearth, the specific surface area is greatly improved, vapor formed by volatilization of alkali metal is effectively adsorbed, the clinkering slag is greatly reduced, and the influence on the clinkering slag of a heating surface in the combustion, meanwhile, the sulfur element is effectively fixed, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the method is suitable for industrial popularization and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal combustion, in particular to an additive and a method for reducing sintering slag of eastern Junggar coal combustion.
Background
Xinjiang east China is a huge coal mine with billions of tons of newly found reserves in China, the reserve is predicted to reach 3900 billion tons, and the Xinjiang east China is the largest whole coal field in China. The east China coal has the advantages of large heat value, low burning point, high burnout rate, high combustion economy and relatively low pollution emission, is excellent coal for power, and very accords with the targets of energy conservation and emission reduction in China, so that a plurality of large-scale energy enterprises in China are developing and utilizing large-scale coal in the east China Xinjiang. However, the content of alkali metal sodium and calcium in the coal of the eastern Junggar coal is high due to the influence of coal formation time and geographical conditions, and is usually more than 5 times of that of common coal. During the burning process of the eastern Junggar coal, a large amount of alkali metal sodium volatilizes into flue gas and is easy to react with sulfur in a gas phase, so that the boiler is seriously slagging and contaminated. Particularly, a compact slag layer is formed near the water-cooled wall, and the boiler is often forced to be shut down for renovation, so that the boiler efficiency is reduced, huge economic loss is caused, and great potential safety hazards of boiler operation are formed. At present, most of the existing power plants adopt methods of mixed combustion, load reduction and the like to burn eastern Junggar coal, and regularly shut down the furnace, coke and remove slag, thereby wasting a large amount of manpower and material resources. In addition, the methods of pithead power plants, water washing and the like are mostly adopted for burning the eastern Junggar coal to remove sodium in raw coal. However, these methods are costly, difficult to implement, and do not meet the realistic conditions of water shortage in Xinjiang. Therefore, a new method for economically, efficiently and safely utilizing the eastern Junggar coal is urgently needed to be found. At present, an experimental scheme for adding additives such as kaolin and the like into the east China coal still has certain limitations.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an additive and a method for reducing the burning and slagging phenomena of the eastern Junggar coal, which are simple in steps and suitable for industrial popularization.
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an additive for reducing the burning slagging of the eastern Junggar coal, which comprises magnesium phosphate, vermiculite and perlite ore, wherein the additive is prepared by mixing the magnesium phosphate, the vermiculite and the perlite ore.
Preferably, the additive components are respectively in the following proportions: magnesium phosphate accounting for 25-30% of the total mass, vermiculite accounting for 5-10% of the total mass, and the balance of perlite ore.
The invention also provides a method for reducing the burning slagging of the eastern Junggar coal, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: crushing the additive and the east China coal;
Step 2: drying the additive and the east China coal;
And step 3: crushing and mixing the additive and the east China coal according to a certain proportion;
And 4, step 4: and placing the mixture in a hearth for combustion.
preferably, in step 1, the additive and the east China coal are crushed to 80-200 meshes.
preferably, in the step 2, the additive and the east China coal are dried for 8-9h at the temperature of 45-50 ℃.
preferably, in the step 3, the certain proportion is 2-10 wt% of the additive.
Preferably, in step 3, the additive and the eastern Junggar coal are crushed and fully mixed in a medium-speed roller mill, and the additive and the eastern Junggar coal are crushed to be below 150 μm.
preferably, in the step 4, the temperature in the hearth is continuously increased at the speed of 20-30 ℃/min; the powder feeding amount in the hearth is 8g/min, the excess air coefficient is 1.2, and the temperature working conditions are respectively set to 900 ℃, 1000 ℃ or 1100 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the invention relates to a method for reducing slagging in the burning process of eastern Junggar coal, which is characterized in that the principle is simple and the operation is convenient, the additive components are magnesium phosphate, vermiculite and perlite ore, the magnesium element can participate in the reaction at high temperature to form magnesium salt with high melting point to form the skeleton of eastern Junggar coal ash, the phosphorus element can react with alkali metal at high temperature to generate salt with high melting point, thereby playing the role of fixing alkali metal element, the perlite ore has good thermal expansibility, the thermal expansion coefficient can reach 10-20 at 800 ℃, a loose porous structure is formed in a hearth, the specific surface area is greatly improved, the steam formed by the volatilization of alkali metal is effectively adsorbed, the slagging is greatly reduced, the slagging influence on a heated surface in the burning process of eastern Junggar coal is reduced, and the sulfur element is effectively fixed at the same time, reduces the pollution to the environment and is suitable for industrial popularization and use.
Drawings
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a settling furnace in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below.
The invention provides an additive for reducing the burning and slagging of eastern Junggar coal, which comprises magnesium phosphate, vermiculite and perlite ore, wherein the additive is prepared by mixing the magnesium phosphate, the vermiculite and the perlite ore.
In this embodiment, the additive components are respectively in the following proportions: magnesium phosphate accounting for 25-30% of the total mass, vermiculite accounting for 5-10% of the total mass, and the balance of perlite ore.
The invention also provides a method for reducing the burning slagging of the eastern Junggar coal, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: crushing the additive and the east China coal;
Step 2: drying the additive and the east China coal;
And step 3: crushing and mixing the additive and the east China coal according to a certain proportion;
And 4, step 4: and placing the mixture in a hearth for combustion.
In this example, in step 1, the additive and the east China coal are pulverized to 80-200 meshes.
in the embodiment, in step 2, the additive and the east China coal are dried for 8-9h at 45-50 ℃.
In this embodiment, in step 3, the certain proportion is 2 to 10 wt% of the additive.
In this example, in step 3, the additive and the east China coal are crushed and fully mixed in a medium speed roller mill, and the additive and the east China coal are crushed to be less than 150 μm.
In the embodiment, in the step 4, the temperature in the hearth is continuously increased at a rate of 20-30 ℃/min; the powder feeding amount in the hearth is 8g/min, the excess air coefficient is 1.2, and the temperature working conditions are respectively set to 900 ℃, 1000 ℃ or 1100 ℃.
the technical content and the technical effect of the present invention will be further explained by the following specific embodiments:
Example 1:
a method for testing slagging property and sodium and sulfur volatility of coal by a settling furnace specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Drying the Qindong Wucaiwan coal, grinding the dried Qindong Wucaiwan coal in a coal mill until R90 is 35%, feeding the Qindong coal into a hearth through a powder feeder for burning, wherein the powder feeding amount is 8g/min, the excess air coefficient is 1.2, the temperature working conditions are respectively set to be 900 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 1100 ℃, and the burnout rate reaches more than 97%.
(2) The slagging rod is arranged in the furnace, is arranged in the constant temperature area, is of a tubular curved surface structure, simulates the flue gas scouring condition, and can be taken out periodically to observe slagging and contamination conditions. The bottom of the hearth is provided with a water-cooled ash collecting system for collecting bottom ash.
(3) Analyzing the thickness, hardness and viscosity of a slag layer and analyzing an ash melting point of the slagging rod; and digesting the collected ash by a microwave digestion method, and performing component analysis on the obtained digestion solution by an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) to obtain the volatilization quantities of sodium and sulfur. The slagging rod result shows that a small amount of slagging occurs at 900 ℃, slagging is serious when the temperature reaches 1000 ℃, the slag layer is thick and has high hardness, the hardness of the slag layer is further increased when the temperature reaches 1100 ℃, the slagging trend is more serious, and the slagging is difficult to remove by a soot blower. The result analysis shows that the volatilization amount of sodium reaches 62 percent, the volatilization amount of sulfur reaches 81 percent and the softening temperature of ash sample is 1132 ℃ at 900 ℃; the volatilization amount of sodium reaches 79 percent at 1000 ℃, the volatilization amount of sulfur reaches 85 percent, and the softening temperature of an ash sample is 1173 ℃; at 1100 deg.C, the volatilization amount of sodium is 90%, the volatilization amount of sulfur is 88%, and the softening temperature of ash is 1392 deg.C.
Example 2:
A method for testing slagging property and sodium and sulfur volatility of coal by a settling furnace specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing additives according to the following proportion:
30% of magnesium phosphate, 10% of vermiculite and the balance of perlite ore.
(2) Drying the Qindong Wucaiwan coal, grinding the dried Qindong Wucaiwan coal in a coal mill until R90 is 35%, grinding the additive until the maximum particle size is not more than 100 microns, putting the ground additive and coal powder together in a stirrer according to the mass ratio of 0.1:1, fully mixing, feeding the mixture into a hearth through a powder feeder, burning, wherein the powder feeding amount is 8g/min, the excess air coefficient is 1.2, the temperature working conditions are respectively set to be 900 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 1100 ℃, and the burnout rate is more than 97%.
(3) The slagging rod is arranged in the furnace, is arranged in the constant temperature area, is of a tubular curved surface structure, simulates the flue gas scouring condition, and can be taken out periodically to observe slagging and contamination conditions. The bottom of the hearth is provided with a water-cooled ash collecting system for collecting bottom ash.
(4) And analyzing the thickness, hardness and viscosity of a slag layer and the melting point of ash of the slagging rod, digesting collected ash by adopting a microwave digestion method, and analyzing the components of the obtained digestion solution by adopting an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) to obtain the volatilization quantities of sodium and sulfur.
The results of the slagging rod show that slagging phenomenon does not occur at 900 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 1100 ℃. The result analysis shows that the volatilization amount of sodium reaches 12 percent, the volatilization amount of sulfur reaches 14 percent and the softening temperature of ash sample is 1192 ℃ at 900 ℃; the volatilization amount of sodium reaches 31 percent at 1000 ℃, the volatilization amount of sulfur reaches 18 percent, and the softening temperature of an ash sample is 1353 ℃; at 1100 deg.C, the volatilization amount of sodium is 38%, the volatilization amount of sulfur is 20%, and the softening temperature of ash is more than 1500 deg.C.
Example 3:
A method for testing slagging property and sodium and sulfur volatility of coal by a settling furnace specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing additives according to the following proportion:
30% of magnesium phosphate, 5% of vermiculite and the balance of perlite ore.
(2) Drying the Qindong Wucaiwan coal, grinding the dried Qindong Wucaiwan coal in a coal mill until R90 is 35%, grinding the additive until the maximum particle size is not more than 100 microns, putting the ground additive and coal powder together in a stirrer according to the mass ratio of 0.02:1, fully mixing, feeding the mixture into a hearth through a powder feeder, burning, wherein the powder feeding amount is 8g/min, the excess air coefficient is 1.2, the temperature working conditions are respectively set to be 900 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 1100 ℃, and the burnout rate is more than 97%.
(3) The slagging rod is arranged in the furnace, is arranged in the constant temperature area, is of a tubular curved surface structure, simulates the flue gas scouring condition, and can be taken out periodically to observe slagging and contamination conditions. The bottom of the hearth is provided with a water-cooled ash collecting system for collecting bottom ash.
(4) And analyzing the thickness, hardness and viscosity of a slag layer and the melting point of ash of the slagging rod, digesting collected ash by adopting a microwave digestion method, and analyzing the components of the obtained digestion solution by adopting an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) to obtain the volatilization quantities of sodium and sulfur.
the result of the slagging rod shows that almost no slagging condition exists at 900 ℃, and a small amount of slagging appears when the temperature reaches 1000 ℃ and 1100 ℃, so that the slagging rod is easy to remove by a soot blower. The result analysis shows that the volatilization amount of sodium reaches 26 percent, the volatilization amount of sulfur reaches 21 percent and the softening temperature of ash is 1185 ℃ at 900 ℃; the volatilization amount of sodium reaches 44 percent at 1000 ℃, the volatilization amount of sulfur reaches 22 percent, and the softening temperature of ash is 1296 ℃; at 1100 deg.C, the volatilization amount of sodium is up to 48%, the volatilization amount of sulfur is 27%, and the softening temperature of ash is 1488 deg.C.
Example 4:
a method for testing slagging property and sodium and sulfur volatility of coal by a settling furnace specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) drying the Jun coal, grinding to reach R90 of 35%, feeding into hearth via powder feeder, burning at the temperature of 900 deg.C, 1000 deg.C, 1100 deg.C, and the burnout rate of 97%.
(2) The slagging rod is arranged in the furnace, is arranged in the constant temperature area, is of a tubular curved surface structure, simulates the flue gas scouring condition, and can be taken out periodically to observe slagging and contamination conditions. The bottom of the hearth is provided with a water-cooled ash collecting system for collecting bottom ash.
(3) And analyzing the thickness, hardness and viscosity of a slag layer and the melting point of ash of the slagging rod, digesting collected ash by adopting a microwave digestion method, and analyzing the components of the obtained digestion solution by adopting an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) to obtain the volatilization quantities of sodium and sulfur.
the results of the slagging rod show that almost no slagging occurs at 900 ℃, a small amount of slagging occurs when the temperature reaches 1000 ℃, and slagging is serious and cannot be removed by a soot blower when the temperature reaches 1100 ℃. The result analysis shows that the volatilization amount of sodium reaches 69 percent, the volatilization amount of sulfur reaches 52 percent and the softening temperature of ash sample is 1250 ℃ at 900 ℃; at 1000 ℃, the volatilization amount of sodium reaches 77%, the volatilization amount of sulfur reaches 65%, and the softening temperature of ash is 1326 ℃; at 1100 deg.C, the volatilization amount of sodium is 84%, the volatilization amount of sulfur is 80%, and the softening temperature of ash is 1392 deg.C.
Example 5:
A method for testing slagging property and sodium and sulfur volatility of coal by a settling furnace specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing additives according to the following proportion:
30% of magnesium phosphate, 10% of vermiculite and the balance of perlite ore.
(2) Drying the Jun coal of Jun Dong, grinding to reach R90 of 35%, grinding the additive to reach maximum particle size of not more than 100 μm, mixing the ground additive and coal powder in a mixer at a mass ratio of 0.1:1, feeding the mixture into a hearth through a powder feeder, burning, wherein the powder feeding amount is 8g/min, the excess air coefficient is 1.2, the temperature conditions are 900 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 1100 ℃, and the burnout rate is more than 97%.
(3) The slagging rod is arranged in the furnace, is arranged in the constant temperature area, is of a tubular curved surface structure, simulates the flue gas scouring condition, and can be taken out periodically to observe slagging and contamination conditions. The bottom of the hearth is provided with a water-cooled ash collecting system for collecting bottom ash.
(4) And analyzing the thickness, hardness and viscosity of a slag layer and the melting point of ash of the slagging rod, digesting collected ash by adopting a microwave digestion method, and analyzing the components of the obtained digestion solution by adopting an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) to obtain the volatilization quantities of sodium and sulfur.
The result of the slagging rod shows that almost no slagging condition exists at 900 ℃, and a small amount of slagging appears when the temperature reaches 1000 ℃ and 1100 ℃, so that the slagging rod is easy to remove by a soot blower. The result analysis shows that the volatilization amount of sodium reaches 20 percent, the volatilization amount of sulfur reaches 16 percent and the softening temperature of ash is 1298 ℃ at 900 ℃; the volatilization amount of sodium reaches 27 percent at 1000 ℃, the volatilization amount of sulfur reaches 19 percent, and the softening temperature of ash is 1448 ℃; at 1100 deg.C, the volatilization amount of sodium is 31%, the volatilization amount of sulfur is 21%, and the softening temperature of ash is more than 1500 deg.C.
example 6:
a method for testing slagging property and sodium and sulfur volatility of coal by a settling furnace specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing additives according to the following proportion:
30% of magnesium phosphate, 5% of vermiculite and the balance of perlite ore.
(2) Drying the Jun coal of Jun Dong, grinding to reach R90 of 35%, grinding the additive to reach maximum particle size of not more than 100 μm, mixing the ground additive and coal powder in a mixer at a mass ratio of 0.02:1, feeding the mixture into a hearth through a powder feeder, burning, wherein the powder feeding amount is 8g/min, the excess air coefficient is 1.2, the temperature conditions are 900 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 1100 ℃, and the burnout rate is more than 97%.
(3) The slagging rod is arranged in the furnace, is arranged in the constant temperature area, is of a tubular curved surface structure, simulates the flue gas scouring condition, and can be taken out periodically to observe slagging and contamination conditions. The bottom of the hearth is provided with a water-cooled ash collecting system for collecting bottom ash.
(4) And analyzing the thickness, hardness and viscosity of a slag layer and the melting point of ash of the slagging rod, digesting collected ash by adopting a microwave digestion method, and analyzing the components of the obtained digestion solution by adopting an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) to obtain the volatilization quantities of sodium and sulfur.
The result of the slagging rod shows that almost no slagging condition exists at 900 ℃, and a small amount of slagging appears when the temperature reaches 1000 ℃ and 1100 ℃, so that the slagging rod is easy to remove by a soot blower. The result analysis shows that the volatilization amount of sodium reaches 20 percent, the volatilization amount of sulfur reaches 16 percent and the softening temperature of ash is 1297 ℃ at 900 ℃; at 1000 ℃, the volatilization amount of sodium reaches 27 percent, the volatilization amount of sulfur reaches 18 percent, and the softening temperature of an ash sample is 1406 ℃; at 1100 deg.C, the volatilization amount of sodium is up to 30%, the volatilization amount of sulfur is 20%, and the softening temperature of ash is more than 1500 deg.C.
According to the embodiment, the additive disclosed by the invention is added to the east coal for combustion, so that the Softening Temperature (ST) of coal ash can be effectively increased, the ash fusion characteristic of the east coal is enhanced, the volatilization amount of sodium and sulfur is effectively reduced, the scaling and contamination of a hearth and other heated surfaces can be greatly reduced, and the slagging phenomenon of the east coal is effectively reduced.
The method for reducing the burning and slagging of the eastern Junggar coal can be automatically and integrally completed through the conventional settling furnace, as shown in figure 1, the settling furnace comprises a powder feeder 1, a feeder 2, a centrifugal separator 4, a coal mill 3, a hearth 6, a combustor 5, a soot blower 7, an ash collector 8, an air preheater 9 and a primary air fan 10;
feeding the additive and the east Junggar coal through a powder feeder 1 and a feeder 2 respectively, and conveying the fed materials to a centrifugal separator 4; the centrifugal separator 4 screens the pulverized coal according to different particle sizes (particle sizes) of the pulverized coal and the additive, and the pulverized coal with overlarge particle sizes and the additive can be placed in a coal mill for grinding; the primary fan 10 conveys hot air to the coal dust and the additives in the centrifugal separator 4 and the coal mill 3 through the air preheater 9 so as to achieve the aim of drying; meanwhile, the primary fan is responsible for conveying the pulverized coal and the additive meeting the particle size standard into the combustor 5 for preliminary combustion, then conveying the pulverized coal and the additive into the combustor 5 for complete combustion, and blowing the combusted coal ash into the ash collector 8 through the ash blower 7 for collection.
the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The additive for reducing the burning slagging of the eastern Junggar coal is characterized by comprising magnesium phosphate, vermiculite and perlite ores, wherein the additive is prepared by mixing the magnesium phosphate, the vermiculite and the perlite ores.
2. The additive for reducing the east-west coal-fired sintering slag according to claim 1, wherein the additive comprises the following components in proportion: magnesium phosphate accounting for 25-30% of the total mass, vermiculite accounting for 5-10% of the total mass, and the balance of perlite ore.
3. A method for reducing the burning slag formation of the eastern Junggar coal by using the additive for reducing the burning slag formation of the eastern Junggar coal as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: crushing the additive and the east China coal;
Step 2: drying the additive and the east China coal;
And step 3: crushing and mixing the additive and the east China coal according to a certain proportion;
And 4, step 4: and placing the mixture in a hearth for combustion.
4. The method for reducing the burning slagging of the eastern Junggar coal as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step 1, the additive and the eastern Junggar coal are crushed to 80-200 meshes.
5. The method for reducing the eastern Junggar coal combustion slagging is characterized in that in the step 2, the additive and the eastern Junggar coal are subjected to drying treatment for 8-9h at the temperature of 45-50 ℃.
6. The method for reducing the burning slagging of the eastern Junggar coal as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step 3, the additive is added in a proportion of 2-10 wt%.
7. the method for reducing the burning slagging of the eastern Junggar coal as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step 3, the additives and the eastern Junggar coal are crushed and mixed thoroughly in a medium speed roller mill, and the additives and the eastern Junggar coal are crushed to below 150 μm.
8. The method for reducing the eastern Junggar coal combustion slagging according to claim 3, wherein in step 4, the temperature in the hearth is continuously increased at a rate of 20-30 ℃/min; the powder feeding amount in the hearth is 8g/min, the excess air coefficient is 1.2, and the temperature working conditions are respectively set to 900 ℃, 1000 ℃ or 1100 ℃.
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