CN110548827B - Forging method for improving yield of nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy forging stock - Google Patents
Forging method for improving yield of nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy forging stock Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The forging method for improving the yield of the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy forging stock comprises the steps of forming a direct radial forging process by radial forging heating and radial forging deformation heat control forging, changing the original multi-heat flow of quick forging cogging and radial forging stock into radial forging one-heat stock by changing the forging heat, simultaneously performing deformation advantages on the stock by utilizing four working flat anvils of a radial forging machine, adopting steel ingots to directly radially forge the stock, and accelerating the production cycle by 50 percent, wherein the whole production cycle is one week. The method has the advantages that the steps of quick forging and grinding after quick forging cogging are reduced, the total heating time is 21 hours, more than 10 hours are reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, the yield is between 81 and 83 percent, and the yield is improved by nearly 3 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ferrous metallurgy and metal processing, in particular to a forging method which is applied to a nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy and can improve the yield of a forging stock.
Background
The nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy has the Cr content of up to 30 percent and is a material for preparing key components of a nuclear power steam generator because the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy has excellent intercrystalline stress corrosion resistance, cold and hot processing performance, stable structure and welding performance, wherein a nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy heat transfer pipe of the nuclear power steam generator is a key core component for realizing heat exchange of a first loop and a second loop in a nuclear island and needs to be stably serviced in high-temperature, high-pressure and special corrosion environments for a long time, and radioactive substances can possibly leak to the outside once being damaged to cause serious influence, so the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy is a key guarantee for safe and reliable operation of a nuclear power plant.
The technical requirements of the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy are extremely high, the manufacturing process flow is long, and a finished product can be obtained only by a plurality of manufacturing processes of special smelting, forging, hot extrusion, cold processing, heat treatment and the like twice, wherein the forging process is one of key processes for ensuring the smooth forming and the structure control of the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy, and the specific process comprises the steps of carrying out vacuum induction smelting and electric slag remelting double smelting on a steel ingot of the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy, carrying out forging cogging, crushing an as-cast structure of the steel ingot, forging into a hot extrusion blank with a fixed size, and a forging workshop is mainly responsible for the cogging process, and finally carrying out tube blank extrusion by a hot extrusion production line.
And as the hot extrusion tube blank of the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy is forged, an electroslag ingot with the diameter of 510mm is adopted, and the cogging process is completed by quick forging and radial forging, which comprises the following steps:
1) the steel ingot rapid forging heating process comprises the following steps:
the charging temperature (DEG C) is less than or equal to 500 +/-10 ℃, the temperature is raised to 500 ℃ and kept for 2 hours, the temperature is raised to 900 +/-10 ℃ for 2 hours, the temperature is raised to 1170 +/-10 ℃ for 3 hours, and finally the temperature is kept for 5 hours at 1170 +/-10 ℃. At the moment, the whole heating and heat preservation time of the steel ingot is finished, the steel ingot is taken out of the furnace and normal forging production is started, wherein the deformation requirement of the first fire of the rapid forging deformation heat is tail square forging, phi 510 → 380 octagonal, the steel ingot is returned without cutting the tail, the deformation requirement of the second fire is head square forging, phi 510 → 380 octagonal, the average of all two and no cutting the head, the start forging temperature of the rapid forging deformation heat is more than or equal to 1000 ℃, the stop forging temperature is more than or equal to 900 ℃, and the return furnace heat preservation time is more than or equal to 90 minutes
2) The steel ingot radial forging heating process comprises the following steps:
the charging temperature (DEG C) is less than or equal to 700, the temperature rise time (hour) is more than or equal to 6, the heating temperature (DEG C) is 1160 +/-10, the heat preservation time (hour) is more than or equal to 3, the forging starting temperature (DEG C) is more than or equal to 1000, and the forging stopping temperature (DEG C) is more than or equal to 900.
Wherein the radial forging is a fired material, and the elongation coefficient is controlled to be 1.35 to 1.5'
And the 380 octagonal-phi 248 radial forging deformation pass is performed for 5 times (including a finishing pass), and the specific deformation pass is as follows: 380 octagonal → phi 350 → phi 310 → phi 280 → phi 250 → finish phi 250 mm;
forging size: phi 248(+3mm, -1 mm);
cutting the head and the tail after forging, sampling, knocking a steel seal and cooling in air.
The integral requirement of the method is that the rapid forging is performed to form a blank and the radial forging is performed, but the rapid forging machine is a free forging machine, the whole deformation process is not uniform, so that the crack phenomenon frequently occurs during forging and grinding is required, the normal delivery period is delayed until the normal delivery period is delayed, the delivery period of general forging is within one week, 6 electroslag ingots are used as one furnace, but in fact, the delivery time of the whole process is two to three weeks, the yield is also obviously reduced, the rapid forging and intermediate grinding are estimated, the head and the tail are not cut, the yield is 95-97%, the forging diameter is peeled by cutting the head and the tail, the yield is 81-83%, and the integral total yield is 78-80%.
In conclusion, the whole process has many forging fire times, the connection of the equipment for fast forging and cogging and radial forging into the material is difficult, the problems of long-time material waiting of the equipment, difficulty in production arrangement and the like often occur, the energy consumption is increased, the production efficiency and the utilization rate of the equipment are reduced, the cost is reduced and the production efficiency is improved seriously,
disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a forging method for improving the yield of a nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy forging stock, which improves the yield and shortens the delivery cycle by reducing unnecessary fire number and energy consumption, and the forging method for improving the yield of the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy forging stock comprises the following specific steps:
1. a forging method for improving the yield of a nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy forging stock comprises the following specific steps:
1) firstly, a radial forging heating process is carried out, and a phi 510 steel ingot is selected, wherein the process specifically comprises the following steps:
1.1) the initial charging temperature is less than or equal to 500 +/-10 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2 hours when the temperature is raised to 500 ℃;
1.2) then heating for 8 hours to 900 +/-10 ℃, and preserving the heat for 2 hours;
1.3) rising for 3 hours to 1180 +/-10 ℃, and finally preserving heat for 5 hours at the temperature, wherein the whole heating and heat preservation time of the steel ingot is finished, and the steel ingot is discharged from the furnace to start subsequent radial forging deformation fire-controlled forging;
2) the radial forging deformation heat control forging method comprises the following specific steps:
2.1) radial forging into a hot finished product, wherein the main deformation elongation coefficient is controlled to be 1.35-1.50, and the target forging size is phi 248+3mm or-1 mm;
2.2) the four working flat anvils which are symmetrical in pairs of the radial forging machine are used for simultaneously deforming the steel ingot, so that the steel ingot is uniformly deformed, the internal temperature of the steel ingot is reversed, and the surface temperature of the steel ingot is ensured;
2.3) the deformation process of the step 2.2) is that 6 passes are carried out on the phi 510 steel ingot → phi 460 → phi 395 → phi 340 → phi 290 → phi 250 deformation, and finally the forging is carried out at phi 250 to obtain the target forging size of phi 248+3mm or-1 mm, and the length of the forged finished product is 6-8 m;
2.4) after the step 2.3) is finished, directly forging the forged steel ingot by one fire diameter, wherein the yield is between 81 and 83 percent;
compared with the prior art, the yield of the rapid forging and radial forging is improved by nearly 3 percent.
And 2.5) cutting the head and the tail after radial forging, sampling, knocking a steel seal, air cooling and finishing, and finishing the forging.
2. The forging method for improving the yield of the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy forging stock is characterized in that in the step 2.2), four working flat anvils simultaneously deform a steel ingot, and the temperature is controlled to be more than 1000 ℃ in the forging process.
The temperature of the forging is required to be more than 900 ℃, so the temperature is controlled to be more than 1000 ℃ in the forging process.
The forging method for improving the yield of the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy forging stock is characterized in that the forging is hot extrusion blank supply, and great hot working deformation is carried out subsequently, so that the forging process flow for optimizing the hot extrusion blank supply of the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy is provided, and the phi 508mm electroslag ingot is formed by a fast forging and radial forging process, and is improved into a process of directly radial forging and one-fire cogging, so that the process of fast forging and cogging is omitted, and the process from multi-fire cogging to one-fire cogging is realized.
The forging method for improving the yield of the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy forging stock has the following beneficial effects that:
1. the forging method for improving the yield of the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy forging stock changes the original multi-fire-number process of rapid forging cogging and radial forging into the radial forging one-fire-number process by changing the forging fire number;
2. the forging method for improving the yield of the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy forging stock reduces unnecessary energy consumption, improves the efficiency, reduces the labor intensity, improves the yield and ensures the delivery period in the whole forging process.
Detailed Description
The forging method for improving the yield of the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy forging stock according to the invention is further described with reference to the following examples.
Examples
A forging method for improving the yield of a nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy forging stock comprises the following specific steps:
1) firstly, a radial forging heating process is carried out, and a phi 510 steel ingot is selected, wherein the process specifically comprises the following steps:
1.1) the initial charging temperature is less than or equal to 500 +/-10 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2 hours when the temperature is raised to 500 ℃;
1.2) then heating for 8 hours to 900 +/-10 ℃, and preserving the heat for 2 hours;
1.3) rising for 3 hours to 1180 +/-10 ℃, and finally preserving heat for 5 hours at the temperature, wherein the whole heating and heat preservation time of the steel ingot is finished, and the steel ingot is discharged from the furnace to start subsequent radial forging deformation fire-controlled forging;
2) the radial forging deformation heat control forging method comprises the following specific steps:
2.1) radial forging into a hot finished product, wherein the main deformation elongation coefficient is controlled to be 1.35-1.50, and the target forging size is phi 248+3mm or-1 mm;
2.2) the four working flat anvils which are symmetrical in pairs of the radial forging machine are used for simultaneously deforming the steel ingot, so that the steel ingot is uniformly deformed, the internal temperature of the steel ingot is reversed, and the surface temperature of the steel ingot is ensured;
2.3) the deformation process of the step 2.2) is that 6 passes are carried out on the phi 510 steel ingot → phi 460 → phi 395 → phi 340 → phi 290 → phi 250 deformation, and finally the forging is carried out at phi 250 to obtain the target forging size of phi 248+3mm or-1 mm, and the length of the forged finished product is 6-8 m;
2.4) after the step 2.3) is finished, directly forging the forged steel ingot by one fire diameter, wherein the yield is between 81 and 83 percent;
and 2.5) cutting the head and the tail after radial forging, sampling, knocking a steel seal, air cooling and finishing, and finishing the forging.
And 2.2) simultaneously deforming the steel ingot by the four working flat anvils, wherein the temperature is controlled to be more than 1000 ℃ in the forging process.
In the prior art, a phi 508mm alloy (6 electroslag ingots are arranged in each furnace) is forged by a forging plant to produce a phi 248mm bar, the fast forging and the radial forging are required, and the whole production period reaches about two weeks. The main problems are that the total heating time of the rapid forging needs more than 32 hours, and the final yield is only 78-80% in the process of grinding after the cogging production is finished. Finally, the current situations of high energy consumption, long delivery period, high labor intensity and low yield are generated.
The forging method for improving the yield of the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy forging stock comprises the steps of forming a direct radial forging process by radial forging heating and radial forging deformation heat control forging, changing the original multi-heat flow of quick forging cogging and radial forging into radial forging one-heat forming by changing the forging heat, simultaneously performing deformation advantages on the stock by using four working flat anvils of a radial forging machine, and adopting steel ingots to directly radially forge into the stock, wherein the whole production cycle is one week and is accelerated by 50%. The method has the advantages that the steps of quick forging and grinding after quick forging cogging are reduced, the total heating time is 21 hours, more than 10 hours are reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, the yield is between 81 and 83 percent, and the yield is improved by nearly 3 percent.
Claims (1)
1. A forging method for improving the yield of a nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy forging stock comprises the following specific steps:
1) firstly, a radial forging heating process is carried out, and a phi 510 steel ingot is selected, wherein the process specifically comprises the following steps:
1.1) the initial charging temperature is less than or equal to 500 +/-10 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2 hours when the temperature is raised to 500 ℃;
1.2) then heating for 8 hours to 900 +/-10 ℃, and preserving the heat for 2 hours;
1.3) rising for 3 hours to 1180 +/-10 ℃, and finally preserving heat for 5 hours at the temperature, wherein the whole heating and heat preservation time of the steel ingot is finished, and the steel ingot is discharged from the furnace to start subsequent radial forging deformation fire-controlled forging;
2) the radial forging deformation heat control forging method comprises the following specific steps:
2.1) radial forging into a hot finished product, wherein the main deformation elongation coefficient is controlled to be 1.35-1.50, and the target forging size is phi 248+3mm or-1 mm;
2.2) the four working flat anvils which are symmetrical in pairs of the radial forging machine are used for simultaneously deforming the steel ingot, so that the steel ingot is uniformly deformed, the internal temperature of the steel ingot is reversed, and the surface temperature of the steel ingot is ensured;
2.3) the deformation process of the step 2.2) is that 6 passes are carried out on the phi 510 steel ingot → phi 460 → phi 395 → phi 340 → phi 290 → phi 250 deformation, and finally the forging is carried out at phi 250 to obtain the target forging size of phi 248+3mm or-1 mm, and the length of the forged finished product is 6-8 m;
2.4) after the step 2.3) is finished, directly forging the forged steel ingot by one fire diameter, wherein the yield is between 81 and 83 percent;
and 2.5) cutting the head and the tail after radial forging, sampling, knocking a steel seal, air cooling and finishing, and finishing the forging.
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| CN110331352B (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2020-11-03 | 太原钢铁(集团)有限公司 | Radial forging method for controlling distribution of carbide of nickel-based alloy |
| CN112139415B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-04-19 | 江苏隆达超合金航材有限公司 | Method for producing difficult-to-deform nickel-based high-temperature alloy through compensation heating assisted free forging |
| CN114309389B (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2024-01-05 | 张家港广大特材股份有限公司 | Forging method of long shaft bar |
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| EP0228030A2 (en) * | 1986-01-02 | 1987-07-08 | SMS Hasenclever GmbH | Forging machine |
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| CN105177264A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | Manufacturing method for stainless steel forged round steel |
| CN106623711A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-10 | 太原钢铁(集团)有限公司 | Forging method of tungsten austenite-containing heat-resisting steel tube blank |
| CN107245683A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-10-13 | 太原钢铁(集团)有限公司 | Forge organizational controls method in nickel-base alloy footpath |
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- 2018-05-31 CN CN201810549714.6A patent/CN110548827B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0228030A2 (en) * | 1986-01-02 | 1987-07-08 | SMS Hasenclever GmbH | Forging machine |
| CN102357633A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-02-22 | 上海宏钢电站设备铸锻有限公司 | Method for manufacturing nickel-based high-temperature alloy forge piece |
| CN103831380A (en) * | 2013-12-15 | 2014-06-04 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | Die forging forming technology for GH4169 alloy forge piece |
| CN105177264A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | Manufacturing method for stainless steel forged round steel |
| CN106623711A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-10 | 太原钢铁(集团)有限公司 | Forging method of tungsten austenite-containing heat-resisting steel tube blank |
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