CN110547188A - 一种杏的授粉技术方案 - Google Patents
一种杏的授粉技术方案 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110547188A CN110547188A CN201910498816.4A CN201910498816A CN110547188A CN 110547188 A CN110547188 A CN 110547188A CN 201910498816 A CN201910498816 A CN 201910498816A CN 110547188 A CN110547188 A CN 110547188A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
- A01H1/027—Apparatus for pollination
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Abstract
一种杏的授粉技术方案,本发明为新品种杏‘春华’提供了两个效果好的授粉品种‘美华’和‘立园’。‘美华’作为‘春华’的授粉品种时,座果率达到39.6%,较自花授粉对照的座果率16.2%提高23.4%;‘立园’作为‘春华’的授粉品种时,座果率达到31.5%,较自花授粉对照的座果率16.2%提高15.3%;种植新品种杏‘春华’时,可采用‘美华’和‘立园’作为授粉品种进行人工授粉和品种混栽,或者在‘春华’树上嫁接授粉品种枝。
Description
技术领域
本发明属果树栽培技术领域,为新品种杏‘春华’提供了两个效果好的授粉品种及具体授粉技术方案。
背景技术
‘春华’是我们培育的极早熟杏新品种[1],具有上市早的优势,2018年11月6日已通过山东省林木良种审定。在示范应用中发现‘春华’杏存在座果率相对较低的问题。众所周知,果树通过品种混栽、进行异花授粉可提高座果率。‘春华’作为新品种,与何种品种进行混栽可提高座果率成为急待解决的问题。为此,本发明试验筛选能显著提高‘春华’杏座果率的授粉品种。
用于筛选授粉品种的是自身花多的三个品种,其中‘美华’是2017年10月获得植物新品种权的新品种,‘立园’是2018年11月通过山东省林木良种审定的新品种,‘金太阳’是目前生产上的主栽品种。
参考文献:
[1]苑克俊,李圣龙,牛庆霖,葛福荣,王培久,山东省杏产业发展分析与建议,落叶果树,2018,50(2):8~11
发明内容
本发明为新品种杏‘春华’提供了两个效果好的授粉品种‘美华’和‘立园’。‘美华’作为‘春华’的授粉品种时,座果率达到39.6%,较自花授粉对照的座果率(16.2%)提高23.4%;‘立园’作为‘春华’的授粉品种时,座果率达到31.5%,较自花授粉对照的座果率(16.2%) 提高15.3%;种植新品种杏‘春华’时,可采用‘美华’和‘立园’作为授粉品种进行人工授粉,也可采用‘美华’和‘立园’作为授粉品种进行混栽,或者在‘春华’树上嫁接授粉品种枝。
本发明解决问题所采用的技术方案是:选择自身花多的三个品种‘美华’、‘立园’和‘金太阳’进行授粉试验,在其铃铛花期采花制取花粉,对花开放的‘春华’进行授粉,授粉4 个枝,每个枝授粉100朵以上,分别调查每个枝花朵总数,一个月后调查座果的果实数,计算座果率;同时,选4个枝用‘春华’的花粉进行自花授粉作为对照,调查花朵总数和座果的果实数,计算座果率。通过比较‘美华’、‘立园和‘金太阳’授粉处理以及自花授粉对照的座果率选出效果好的授粉品种。
本发明的有益效果是:(1)‘美华’作为‘春华’的授粉品种时,座果率达到39.6%,较自花授粉对照的座果率(16.2%)提高23.4%,生产上种植新品种杏‘春华’时,可采用‘美华’作为授粉品种进行人工授粉,也可采用‘美华’作为授粉品种进行混栽,或者在‘春华’树上嫁接授粉品种枝;(2)‘立园’作为‘春华’的授粉品种时,座果率达到31.5%,较自花授粉对照的座果率(16.2%)提高15.3%,生产上种植新品种杏‘春华’时可采用‘立园’作为授粉品种进行人工授粉,也可采用‘立园’作为授粉品种进行混栽,或者在‘春华’树上嫁接授粉品种枝。
附图说明
图1是本发明在‘春华’树侧枝上嫁接‘美华’授粉品种枝示意图。附图标记:1.授粉品种枝,2.侧枝。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
实施例1:
如表1所示,‘美华’作为‘春华’的授粉品种时,座果率达到39.6%,较自花授粉对照的座果率(16.2%)提高23.4%,生产上种植新品种杏‘春华’时,可采用‘美华’作为授粉品种进行人工授粉,也可采用‘美华’作为授粉品种进行混栽,或者在‘春华’树上嫁接‘美华’授粉枝;(2)‘立园’作为‘春华’的授粉品种时,座果率为31.5%,较自花授粉对照的座果率(16.2%)提高15.3%,生产上种植新品种杏‘春华’时可采用‘立园’作为授粉品种进行人工授粉,也可采用‘立园’作为授粉品种进行混栽,或者在‘春华’树上嫁接‘立园’授粉枝;(3)‘金太阳’作为‘春华’的授粉品种时,座果率为25.8%,较自花授粉对照的座果率(16.2%)提高8.6%,生产上种植新品种杏‘春华’时,可采用‘金太阳’作为授粉品种进行人工授粉,也可采用‘金太阳’作为授粉品种进行混栽,或者在‘春华’树上嫁接‘金太阳’授粉枝。
表1不同品种授粉时‘春华’杏的座果率
Claims (6)
1.‘美华’和‘立园’作为新品种杏‘春华’的授粉品种。
2.根据权利要求1所述授粉品种‘美华’的授粉技术方案,其特征在于:种植新品种杏‘春华’时,‘美华’与‘春华’混栽,或者‘美华’高接在‘春华’树上。
3.根据权利要求1所述授粉品种‘立园’的授粉技术方案,其特征在于:种植新品种杏‘春华’时,‘立园’与‘春华’混栽,或者‘立园’高接在‘春华’树上。
4.根据权利要求1所述授粉品种‘美华’的授粉技术方案,其特征在于:种植新品种杏‘春华’时,以‘美华’的花粉进行人工授粉。
5.根据权利要求1所述授粉品种‘立园’的授粉技术方案,其特征在于:种植新品种杏‘春华’时,以‘立园’的花粉进行人工授粉。
6.‘金太阳’作为新品种杏‘春华’的授粉品种,‘金太阳’与‘春华’混栽,或者‘金太阳’高接在‘春华’树上;以‘金太阳’的花粉对‘春华’进行人工授粉。
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CN115812507A (zh) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-03-21 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | 一种提高木亚格杏座果率和/或产量的方法 |
Citations (2)
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CN102550389A (zh) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-07-11 | 北京市农林科学院 | 一种提高杏树杂交授粉效率的方法 |
CN102884947A (zh) * | 2012-09-22 | 2013-01-23 | 郭瑞才 | 一种高枝嫁接授粉方法 |
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Patent Citations (2)
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CN102550389A (zh) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-07-11 | 北京市农林科学院 | 一种提高杏树杂交授粉效率的方法 |
CN102884947A (zh) * | 2012-09-22 | 2013-01-23 | 郭瑞才 | 一种高枝嫁接授粉方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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王玉柱: "几个优良杏品种授粉组合亲和性试验", 《中国果树》 * |
苑克俊等: "早熟杏新品种选育及配套技术创新与集成应用", 《科技成果》 * |
Cited By (1)
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CN115812507A (zh) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-03-21 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | 一种提高木亚格杏座果率和/或产量的方法 |
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