CN110545083A - Trans-impedance amplifier - Google Patents
Trans-impedance amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN110545083A CN110545083A CN201810526616.0A CN201810526616A CN110545083A CN 110545083 A CN110545083 A CN 110545083A CN 201810526616 A CN201810526616 A CN 201810526616A CN 110545083 A CN110545083 A CN 110545083A
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- amplifier
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers without distortion of the input signal
- H03G3/20—Automatic control
- H03G3/30—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
- H03G3/3084—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices in receivers or transmitters for electromagnetic waves other than radiowaves, e.g. lightwaves
Abstract
The application discloses transimpedance amplifier includes: the circuit comprises a shunt element, an AGC controller, an operational amplifier, a feedback circuit, an offset injection element, a direct current recovery controller and a sensing circuit. The shunt element shunts the input current of the transimpedance amplifier away from the feedback circuit in accordance with a control signal output by the AGC controller. The AGC controller generates a control signal according to a peak-to-peak value of an output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier and a reference voltage. The DC restoration controller detects a DC component or a low frequency component of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier, and feeds the DC component or the low frequency component to the first port of the operational amplifier through an offset injection element for controlling the DC component or the low frequency component of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier. The sensing circuit detects the average current of the input current of the trans-impedance amplifier, and controls the gain of the operational amplifier through the average current. The transimpedance amplifier provided by the embodiment of the application has good control precision of amplitude.
Description
Technical Field
the application relates to the technical field of electronics, in particular to a transimpedance amplifier.
Background
In circuit design, a transimpedance amplifier is a common circuit. In order to avoid saturation in an Automatic Gain Control (AGC) mode and distortion of an output signal when an input signal is very large, the Gain of a transimpedance amplifier is generally controlled.
In the prior art, the gain of the transimpedance amplifier is controlled by providing a feedback path including one or more transistors or by placing a shunt device at the input of the transimpedance amplifier. The latter is advantageous in terms of stability of the transimpedance amplifier. For the latter, the shunt element includes a resistor, a diode, a bipolar transistor, and a metal oxide semiconductor type transistor.
However, the AGC schemes proposed in the prior art rely heavily on transistor parameters, which are process and temperature dependent, and thus the transimpedance amplifier cannot provide good control accuracy of the amplitude in case of process and temperature variations.
Disclosure of Invention
the embodiment of the application provides a transimpedance amplifier which can provide good control precision of amplitude.
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a transimpedance amplifier, including: the device comprises a shunt element, an Automatic Gain Control (AGC) controller, an operational amplifier, a feedback circuit, an offset injection element, a direct current recovery controller and a sensing circuit;
The first port of the shunt element, the first port of the offset injection element, the first port of the operational amplifier and the second port of the feedback loop are all connected with the input port of the transimpedance amplifier; the second port of the operational amplifier, the first port of the feedback loop, the input port of the AGC controller and the first port of the DC recovery controller are all connected with the output port of the transimpedance amplifier; an output port of the AGC controller is connected with a third port of the shunt element; the second port of the shunt element and the second port of the offset injection element are respectively connected with the first input port and the second input port of the induction circuit; an output port of the induction circuit is connected with a third port of the operational amplifier, and a second port of the direct current recovery controller is connected with a third port of the offset injection element;
The shunt element is used for shunting the input current of the transimpedance amplifier from the feedback circuit according to the control signal input by the AGC controller so as to reduce the gain of the transimpedance amplifier; wherein the amount of current shunted is proportional to the control signal;
The AGC control circuit is used for generating the control signal according to the characteristic of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier, and the characteristic of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier is the peak-peak value of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier;
The sensing circuit is used for detecting the average current of the input current of the trans-impedance amplifier and controlling the gain of the operational amplifier through the average current; the average current is a difference between a current of the offset injection element and a current in the shunt element, and a gain of the operational amplifier is inversely proportional to the average current;
The dc recovery controller is configured to detect a dc component or a low-frequency component of an output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier, and inject the dc component or the low-frequency component of the output voltage into the input port of the transimpedance amplifier in the form of a current through the offset injection element to control the dc component or the low-frequency component of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier.
In a possible embodiment, the shunt element is a bipolar transistor, and an emitter, a collector and a base of the bipolar transistor correspond to the first port, the second port and the third port of the shunt element, respectively.
In a possible embodiment, the emitter of the bipolar transistor is connected to the input port of the transimpedance amplifier via one or more resistors.
in one possible embodiment, the AGC controller includes a peak detection circuit for detecting a peak-to-peak value of the transimpedance amplifier output voltage and a reference voltage generation circuit for generating a reference voltage;
The AGC controller generates the control signal according to the peak-to-peak value of the output voltage of the trans-impedance amplifier and the reference voltage.
In a possible embodiment, the sensing circuit comprises a circuit for detecting the current in the shunt element and the current of the offset injection element and a conversion circuit for converting the average current, which is the difference between the current of the offset injection element and the current of the shunt element, into an average voltage.
In a possible embodiment, the conversion circuit comprises one or more comparators, or one or more linear amplifiers.
In one possible embodiment, the dc restoration controller is an integrator circuit.
in a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an optical line terminal, including the transimpedance amplifier according to the first aspect.
It can be seen that the transimpedance amplifier in the embodiments of the present application includes a shunt element, an AGC controller, an operational amplifier, a feedback circuit, an offset injection element, a dc recovery controller, and a sensing circuit. The shunt element shunts the input current of the transimpedance amplifier out of the feedback circuit according to a control signal input by the AGC controller so as to reduce the gain of the transimpedance amplifier; the amount of current shunted is proportional to the control signal. The AGC controller detects a peak-to-peak value of an output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier and generates a reference voltage, and generates a control signal according to the peak-to-peak value of the output voltage and the reference voltage. The DC restoration controller detects a DC component or a low frequency component of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier, and feeds the DC component or the low frequency component to the first port of the operational amplifier through an offset injection element for controlling the DC component or the low frequency component of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier. The sensing circuit detects the average current of the input current of the trans-impedance amplifier and controls the gain of the operational amplifier through the average current; the average current is the difference between the current of the offset injection element and the current in the shunt element, and the gain of the operational amplifier is inversely proportional to the average current. The transimpedance amplifier provided by the embodiment of the application has good control precision of amplitude.
these and other aspects of the present application will be more readily apparent from the following description of the embodiments.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transimpedance amplifier according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection circuit for detecting an average current by using an inductive circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The following are detailed below.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transimpedance amplifier according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the transimpedance amplifier includes: a shunt element 101, an AGC controller 102, an operational amplifier 103, a feedback circuit 104, an offset injection element 105, a sensing circuit 106, and a dc recovery controller 107.
A first port of the shunt device 101, a first port of the offset injection element 105, a first port of the operational amplifier 103, and a second port of the feedback circuit 104 are connected to the input port of the transimpedance amplifier;
A second port of the shunt device 101 and a second port of the offset injection element 105 are respectively connected to a first input port and a second input port of the sensing circuit 107; an output port of the sensing circuit 107 is connected to a third port of the operational amplifier 103, and a second port of the operational amplifier 103, an input port of the AGC controller 102, a first port of the feedback circuit 104, and a first port of the dc restoration controller 106 are all connected to an output port of the transimpedance amplifier; the output port of the AGC controller is connected with the third port of the shunt element; the second port of the dc restoration controller 106 is connected to the third port of the offset injection element 105.
in a possible embodiment, the input port of the transimpedance amplifier is connected to the output port of a photodiode which converts the optical signal into a current signal which is fed to the input port of the transimpedance amplifier.
The feedback circuit 104 includes at least one resistor or at least one transistor. The feedback circuit can be regarded as a feedback path of the transimpedance amplifier.
The shunt element 101 is configured to shunt a part of the input current of the transimpedance amplifier from the feedback path of the transimpedance amplifier according to a control signal, and the amount of the shunted current is proportional to the control signal (voltage signal).
in a possible embodiment, the shunt element 101 comprises a bipolar transistor having an emitter, a collector and a base corresponding to the first, second and third ports of the shunt element 101, respectively. The emitter of this transistor is connected to the input port of the transimpedance amplifier mentioned above, either directly or via one or more resistors. The base of the transistor is connected to the second port of the AGC controller 102 and receives the control signal output from the AGC controller 102.
The AGC controller 102 is configured to generate the control signal according to a characteristic of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier, and output the control signal to the third port of the shunt element through an output port of the AGC controller.
Wherein the characteristic of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier is a peak-to-peak value of the output voltage.
In a preferred embodiment, the AGC controller 102 includes a peak detection circuit and a reference voltage generation circuit. The peak detection circuit is used for detecting the peak-peak value of the output voltage of the trans-impedance amplifier, and the reference voltage generation circuit is used for generating a reference voltage. The AGC controller 102 generates the control signal according to a peak-to-peak value of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier and a reference voltage.
The sensing circuit 107 is configured to obtain an average current of the input current of the transimpedance amplifier according to the current output from the second port of the shunt element 101 and the current output from the second port of the offset injection element 105.
The average current is inversely proportional to the gain of the operational amplifier. When the average current increases, the gain of the operational amplifier decreases, so that the gain of the entire transimpedance amplifier decreases. The analog circuit knowledge shows that the equivalent input impedance of the transimpedance amplifier is F/(1+ a × F), where a is the gain of the operational amplifier and F is the equivalent impedance of the feedback loop. When the gain of the transimpedance amplifier is reduced, the equivalent input impedance of the transimpedance amplifier is increased. The equivalent input impedance of the transimpedance amplifier is increased, which means that the shunt element requires less current to achieve the same gain. That is, the size of the shunt element can be smaller, the power consumption can be lower, and simultaneously, as the parasitic capacitance of the shunt element becomes smaller, the bandwidth of the transimpedance amplifier is improved.
Further, the sensing circuit includes a circuit for detecting a current flowing through the shunt element and a circuit for detecting a current flowing through the offset injection element, and the average current is obtained by subtracting the current flowing through the shunt element from the current flowing through the offset injection element. The average current is fed to one or more comparators in the sensing circuit, or one or more linear amplifiers, or a general controller, resulting in a control voltage which is fed to the third port of the operational amplifier to control the gain of the operational amplifier. The gain of the operational amplifier is inversely proportional to the control voltage.
The dc restoration controller detects a dc component or a low frequency component of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier, and inputs the dc component or the low frequency component of the output voltage to the offset injection element.
The dc restoration controller may be an integrator circuit.
The offset injection element is configured to inject a current into the first port of the operational amplifier according to the dc component or the low frequency component of the output voltage, so as to control the dc component or the low frequency component of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier.
Further, the offset injection element also provides a bias current for the shunt element.
wherein the offset injection element comprises one or more transistors or resistors.
In a possible embodiment, the induced circuit obtains the average current by means of a current mirror. Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection circuit for detecting an average current by using an inductive circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the detection circuit includes a transistor M1, a transistor M2, a transistor M3, a transistor M4, a transistor M5, a transistor M6, a transistor Q, and a dc voltage source VCC.
The source of the transistor M1 is connected to the dc voltage source VCC, the gate thereof is connected to the gate of the transistor M2, and the drain of the transistor M1 is the port 1 of the detection circuit. The source of the transistor M2 is connected to the dc voltage source VCC, and the drain is connected to the gate.
The source of the transistor M3 is connected to the dc voltage source VCC, the gate thereof is connected to the gate of the transistor M4, and the drain of the transistor M3 is connected to the drain of the transistor M2. The source of the transistor M4 is connected to the dc voltage source VCC, and the drain of the transistor M4 is connected to the gate thereof.
the collector of the transistor Q is connected to the drain of the transistor M1, the base of the transistor Q is the port 2 of the detection circuit, and the emitter of the transistor Q is the port 4 of the detection circuit.
The drain of the transistor M5 is connected to the drain of the transistor M3, the drain of the transistor M6 is connected to the emitter of the transistor, and the source of the transistor M5 and the source of the transistor M6 are both grounded; the gate of the transistor M5 is connected to the gate of the transistor M6, and the gate of the transistor M5 or the gate of the transistor M6 is the port 3 of the above-mentioned detection circuit.
The port 2 of the detection circuit is connected to the output port of the AGC controller shown in fig. 1, the port 3 of the detection circuit is connected to the second port of the dc restoration controller shown in fig. 1, and the port 4 of the detection circuit is connected to the first port of the operational amplifier shown in fig. 1.
The dc voltage source VCC, the transistors M1 and M2 constitute a subtraction mirror, the dc voltage source VCC, the transistors M3 and M4 constitute a shunt element mirror, and the transistors M5 and M6 constitute an offset injection element mirror.
The transistor is a shunt element shown in fig. 1, the transistor M6 is an offset injection element shown in fig. 1, and as can be seen from the related description of the sensing circuit in fig. 1, the current output from the port 4 is the average current. As can be seen from the operation principle of the shunt mirror and the offset injection mirror, the current at the connection point between the drain of the transistor M3 and the drain of the transistor M5 is equal to the average current; since the connection point between the drain of the transistor M3 and the drain of the transistor M5 is connected to the drain of the transistor M2, the output current of the port 4 of the detection circuit is equal to the current (i.e., the average current) at the connection point between the drain of the transistor M3 and the drain of the transistor M5, as known from the operation principle of the subtraction mirror. The output current of the port 4 of the detection circuit is directly fed to the third port of the operational amplifier or fed to the third port of the operational amplifier through one or more comparators, one or more linear amplifiers, or a general controller, so as to control the gain of the operational amplifier and further control the gain of the transimpedance amplifier.
The transistors M1, M2, M3 and M4 are N-type transistors, and the transistors M5 and M6 are P-type transistors.
In a possible embodiment, the gain of the above-mentioned operational amplifier depends on its input current and the load used. The average current detected by the sensing circuit is used for controlling the gain of the operational amplifier and/or the load of the operational amplifier.
It can be seen that in embodiments of the present application, a shunt element, an AGC controller, an operational amplifier, a feedback circuit, an offset injection element, a dc recovery controller, and a sensing circuit. The shunt element shunts the input current of the transimpedance amplifier out of the feedback circuit according to a control signal input by the AGC controller so as to reduce the gain of the transimpedance amplifier; the amount of current shunted is proportional to the control signal. The AGC controller detects a peak-to-peak value of an output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier and generates a reference voltage, and generates a control signal according to the peak-to-peak value of the output voltage and the reference voltage. The DC restoration controller detects a DC component or a low frequency component of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier, and feeds the DC component or the low frequency component to the first port of the operational amplifier through an offset injection element for controlling the DC component or the low frequency component of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier. The sensing circuit detects the average current of the input current of the trans-impedance amplifier and controls the gain of the operational amplifier through the average current; the average current is the difference between the current of the offset injection element and the current in the shunt element, and the gain of the operational amplifier is inversely proportional to the average current. The transimpedance amplifier provided by the embodiment of the application has good control precision of amplitude.
An embodiment of the present application further provides an optical line terminal, which includes a transimpedance amplifier as shown in fig. 1.
The foregoing detailed description of the embodiments of the present application has been presented to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present application, and the above description of the embodiments is only provided to help understand the method and the core concept of the present application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A transimpedance amplifier, comprising: the device comprises a shunt element, an Automatic Gain Control (AGC) controller, an operational amplifier, a feedback circuit, an offset injection element, a direct current recovery controller and a sensing circuit;
The first port of the shunt element, the first port of the offset injection element, the first port of the operational amplifier and the second port of the feedback loop are all connected with the input port of the transimpedance amplifier; the second port of the operational amplifier, the first port of the feedback loop, the input port of the AGC controller and the first port of the DC recovery controller are all connected with the output port of the transimpedance amplifier; an output port of the AGC controller is connected with a third port of the shunt element; the second port of the shunt element and the second port of the offset injection element are respectively connected with the first input port and the second input port of the induction circuit; an output port of the induction circuit is connected with a third port of the operational amplifier, and a second port of the direct current recovery controller is connected with a third port of the offset injection element;
The shunt element is used for shunting the input current of the transimpedance amplifier from the feedback circuit according to the control signal input by the AGC controller so as to reduce the gain of the transimpedance amplifier; wherein the amount of current shunted is proportional to the control signal;
the AGC control circuit is used for generating the control signal according to the characteristic of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier, and the characteristic of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier is the peak-peak value of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier;
The sensing circuit is used for detecting the average current of the input current of the trans-impedance amplifier and controlling the gain of the operational amplifier through the average current; the average current is a difference between a current of the offset injection element and a current in the shunt element, and a gain of the operational amplifier is inversely proportional to the average current;
The dc recovery controller is configured to detect a dc component or a low-frequency component of an output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier, and inject the dc component or the low-frequency component of the output voltage into the input port of the transimpedance amplifier in the form of a current through the offset injection element to control the dc component or the low-frequency component of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier.
2. The transimpedance amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the shunt element is a bipolar transistor, and an emitter, a collector, and a base of the bipolar transistor correspond to the first port, the second port, and the third port of the shunt element, respectively.
3. The transimpedance amplifier according to claim 2, wherein an emitter of the bipolar transistor is connected to the input port of the transimpedance amplifier via one or more resistors.
4. the transimpedance amplifier according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the AGC controller comprises a peak detection circuit for detecting a peak-to-peak value of the output voltage of the transimpedance amplifier and a reference voltage generation circuit for generating a reference voltage;
the AGC controller generates the control signal according to the peak-to-peak value of the output voltage of the trans-impedance amplifier and the reference voltage.
5. The transimpedance amplifier according to claim 4, wherein the sensing circuit comprises a circuit for detecting a current in the shunt element and a current of the offset injection element and a conversion circuit for converting the average current, which is a difference between the current of the offset injection element and the current of the shunt element, into an average voltage.
6. The transimpedance amplifier according to claim 5, wherein the conversion circuit comprises one or more comparators or one or more linear amplifiers.
7. The transimpedance amplifier according to claim 6, wherein the dc recovery controller is an integrator circuit.
8. An optical line terminal, characterised in that the optical line terminal comprises a transimpedance amplifier according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810526616.0A CN110545083A (en) | 2018-05-28 | 2018-05-28 | Trans-impedance amplifier |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810526616.0A CN110545083A (en) | 2018-05-28 | 2018-05-28 | Trans-impedance amplifier |
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| CN110545083A true CN110545083A (en) | 2019-12-06 |
| CN110545083A8 CN110545083A8 (en) | 2021-09-14 |
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| CN201810526616.0A Pending CN110545083A (en) | 2018-05-28 | 2018-05-28 | Trans-impedance amplifier |
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| US4498001A (en) * | 1982-07-26 | 1985-02-05 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Transimpedance amplifier for optical receivers |
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| US20020101285A1 (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2002-08-01 | Chatwin Jeremy Gareth | Stable AGC transimpedance amplifier with expanded dynamic range |
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| JP2011090562A (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2011-05-06 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Average value detection circuit and transimpedance amplifier |
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| CN105048973A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-11-11 | 福建一丁芯半导体股份有限公司 | Trans-impedance amplifier with offset and dynamic direct current restoration |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110545083A8 (en) | 2021-09-14 |
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Address after: 2206, building 4, phase II, Tian'an Yungu Industrial Park, Gangtou community, Bantian street, Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant after: Shenzhen Xinbo Microelectronics Co., Ltd. Address before: Room 2008, Phase I of Overseas Students Pioneering Building, South District, Yuehai Street High-tech Zone, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant before: Shenzhen Xinbo Microelectronics Co., Ltd. |
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| CI02 | Correction of invention patent application | ||
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Correction item: Inventor Correct: Mateo Troyani|Chen Tao False: Mateo Troyani|Chen Tao Number: 49-02 Page: The title page Volume: 35 Correction item: Inventor False: Mateo Troyani|Chen Tao Number: 49-02 Volume: 35 |