CN110544405B

CN110544405B - Gradual multi-functional trachea opens stifled pipe trainer

Info

Publication number: CN110544405B
Application number: CN201910811593.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林静静; 林晓克; 李海燕
Original assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
Current assignee: Boji Medical Technology Achievement Transformation Service (Hangzhou) Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-08-28
Filing date: 2019-08-28
Publication date: 2022-08-23
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-28
Also published as: CN110544405A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments and discloses a progressive multifunctional tracheotomy tube blockage training device which comprises an installation sleeve communicated with a trachea, wherein a plurality of adjusting blades are arranged on the installation sleeve, one ends of the adjusting blades are hinged to the installation sleeve through a pin shaft, an adjusting ring is rotatably connected on the installation sleeve, the adjusting ring rotates and drives one ends of the adjusting blades far away from the pin shaft to move towards or away from each other through an adjusting mechanism so as to realize the change of the inner diameter of an air inlet/outlet channel. The invention has the following advantages and effects: the new mechanical structure of this scheme utilization has reached the purpose that does benefit to patient and resumes.

Description

Gradual multi-functional trachea opens stifled pipe trainer

Technical Field

The invention relates to medical equipment, in particular to a progressive multifunctional tracheotomy tube blockage training device.

Background

Tracheotomy (trachostomy) is a common procedure used to relieve dyspnea caused by laryngeal dyspnea, respiratory dysfunction or retention of lower airway secretions, in which the neck trachea is cut and a tracheal cannula is inserted.

Currently, in the process of clinical recovery of a patient, along with improvement of respiratory function, the patient needs to gradually transit from a tracheotomy state to a normal physiological respiratory state, namely, from respiratory ventilation through a tracheotomy port to respiratory ventilation through a nose and mouth. In the clinic, doctors often need to adopt a way of blocking the tube to achieve the aim.

However, in clinical practice, no suitable device is available for blocking the tube in a test mode, and doctors often use simple articles such as cotton swabs or test tube caps which do not meet the operating specifications to block the tube. In addition, the existing pipe blocking article can directly and completely block the trachea opening, and a patient can be immediately changed into oral and/or nasal ventilation, so that the resistance of inspiration and expiration can be increased simultaneously, the respiratory muscle is quickly and excessively fatigued, and the patient can not tolerate and can not achieve the purpose of pipe blocking. Even some tracheal cannula can not find a substitute to block the tube, and the patient directly pulls out the tracheal cannula in the process of skipping the test blocking tube, so that some patients can not tolerate the state after tube pulling and perform tracheostomy again.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a progressive multifunctional tracheotomy tube blockage training device, which achieves the aim of facilitating the good recovery of a patient.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a multi-functional trachea of gradual formula opens stifled pipe trainer, includes the installation cover with the trachea intercommunication, the installation sheathe in and be provided with a plurality of adjusting vane, adjusting vane's one end articulates on the installation through the round pin axle, the installation sheathe in and rotate and be connected with the adjustable ring, the adjustable ring rotatory and drive a plurality of adjusting vane and keep away from the one end of round pin axle and toward the direction removal realization income/air outlet channel internal diameter change that is close to each other or keeps away from through adjustment mechanism.

The invention is further configured to: adjustment mechanism include arc adjustment tank, regulating spindle, guiding axle and arc guiding groove, arc adjustment tank and arc guiding groove set up on the adjustable ring, arc guiding groove place axle center is coaxial with the adjustable ring, regulating spindle one end be fixed in the middle part of adjusting the blade, other end sliding connection is in the arc adjustment tank, the guiding axle be fixed in the installation and sheathe in and sliding connection in the arc guiding groove.

The invention is further configured to: the inner wall of arc guiding groove on be provided with the swash plate, the adjustable ring rotatory and drive the direction that the drive adjusting vane is toward being close to each other/keeping away from remove to make leading shaft and swash plate conflict.

The invention is further configured to: the mounting sleeve is internally provided with a one-way air inlet mechanism.

The invention is further configured to: the unidirectional air inlet mechanism comprises a first sealing plate, a second sealing plate and valves arranged on the outer walls of the first sealing plate and the second sealing plate, and the first sealing plate and the second sealing plate are arranged in a V shape.

The invention is further configured to: the one-way mechanism of admitting air include dog, slide and set up the valve outside the slide, the dog be fixed in on the inner wall of installation cover, shutoff installation cover when slide and dog are contradicted, slide sliding connection on the inner wall of installation cover.

The invention is further configured to: the installation sleeve on be provided with the sliding connection and have the button, the button on be provided with first magnet, first shrouding and second shrouding on be provided with the second magnet, first magnet and second magnet inter attraction, the button on be provided with the position sleeve, position sleeve in sliding connection have the slide, the slide on be provided with the elasticity tongs, the one end that the button was kept away from to the position sleeve is fixed with and is used for driving the locating piece that the elasticity tongs is close to each other, the installation sleeve on be fixed with and be used for with the drawing piece of elasticity tongs conflict, slide and position sleeve between be provided with positioning mechanism.

The invention is further configured to: the installation sleeve on be connected with the button in a sliding manner, the button on first magnet, the slide on be provided with the second magnet with first magnet inter attraction, the button on be provided with the position sleeve, the position sleeve in sliding connection have a slide, the slide on be provided with the elasticity tongs, the one end that the button was kept away from to the position sleeve is fixed with and is used for driving the elastic tongs locating piece that is close to each other, the installation sleeve on be fixed with be used for with the drawing piece of elasticity tongs conflict, slide and position sleeve between be provided with positioning mechanism.

The invention is further configured to: the positioning mechanism comprises an elastic part, a positioning plate, a positioning column fixed on the positioning plate, a guide block fixed on the inner wall of the positioning sleeve, an M-shaped groove formed in the side wall of the positioning sleeve, a sliding groove formed in the side wall of the positioning sleeve and a sliding block connected in the sliding groove in a sliding manner, the sliding block is fixed on the sliding seat, two ends of the elastic part are respectively connected with the sliding seat and the inner wall of the positioning sleeve, and one end of the positioning plate is rotatably connected on the sliding seat;

the sliding seat is abutted against the pull block and moves towards the direction close to the positioning sleeve, so that the positioning column is abutted against the guide block and then embedded into the M-shaped groove to position the sliding seat, and the elastic gripper is abutted against the positioning block;

the sliding seat moves towards the direction which is abutted against the pulling block and is close to the positioning sleeve, so that the positioning column is abutted against the inner wall of the M-shaped groove and then is separated from the M-shaped groove, and the elastic gripper is separated from the positioning block.

The invention is further configured to: the mounting sleeve is connected with the air pipe through the elastic sleeve, a positioning ring is arranged in the elastic sleeve, the positioning ring is arranged in an 8 shape, an adjusting ring is arranged in the middle of the positioning ring, and the positioning ring is arranged in the adjusting ring in a penetrating mode.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the size of an air inlet/outlet channel in the mounting sleeve can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting ring so as to adapt to the process that a patient gradually closes an air pipe, so that the problem of poor tolerance of the patient is not easily caused, and the patient gradually changes from air pipe breathing to mouth/nose breathing;

the valve can block the channel through the hinging action of the first sealing plate and the second sealing plate or the sliding action of the sliding plate, so that a patient can conveniently inhale air from the channel and give out air from the throat and can speak;

and thirdly, under the condition that the patient is difficult to speak, the button is pressed to ensure that the first magnet and the second magnet attract to ensure that the first sealing plate, the second sealing plate and the sliding plate are positioned, and the channel is normally opened, so that the patient can breathe conveniently.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a one-way intake mechanism according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a unidirectional intake mechanism in embodiment 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the adjustment mechanism;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a button;

FIG. 6 is a view in the direction A of FIG. 5;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a connecting structure of the guide block and the position sleeve.

Reference numerals: 1. installing a sleeve; 11. an elastic sleeve; 12. positioning a ring; 13. an adjusting ring; 21. adjusting the blades; 22. a pin shaft; 23. an adjusting ring; 3. an adjustment mechanism; 31. an arc-shaped adjusting groove; 32. an adjustment shaft; 33. a guide shaft; 34. an arc-shaped guide groove; 35. a sloping plate; 4. a one-way air inlet mechanism; 41. a first seal plate; 42. a second seal plate; 43. a valve; 44. a stopper; 45. a slide plate; 5. a button; 51. a first magnet; 52. a second magnet; 53. a marker coating; 6. a positioning sleeve; 61. positioning a block; 7. a slide base; 71. an elastic gripper; 8. pulling the block; 9. a positioning mechanism; 91. an elastic member; 92. positioning a plate; 93. a positioning column; 94. a guide block; 95. an M-shaped groove; 96. a chute; 97. a slide block.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7, embodiment 1: a progressive multifunctional trachea incision and blockage training device comprises an installation sleeve 1 communicated with a trachea. In order to enable the mounting sleeve 1 to be matched to air pipes of different outer diameters. The mounting sleeve 1 is connected with the air pipe through an elastic sleeve 11, the elastic sleeve 11 is made of rubber, one end of the elastic sleeve is fixed at the end part of the mounting sleeve 1, and a positioning ring 12 is arranged in the other end of the elastic sleeve.

Arranging the positioning ring 12 in an 8 shape, and arranging an adjusting ring 13 in the middle of the positioning ring 12; the positioning ring 12 is arranged in the adjusting ring 13 in a penetrating way.

Apply pressure to the one end of position circle 12 far away from installation cover 1, the guide through regulation circle 13 makes the one end that position circle 12 is close to elastic sleeve 11 expand, makes the internal diameter of elastic sleeve 11 expand then, overlaps elastic sleeve 11 cover and establishes on the trachea, loosens position circle 12, through the elastic action of elastic sleeve 11 self and the elastic action of regulation circle 13 self, makes elastic sleeve 11 be fixed in on the trachea.

A plurality of adjusting blades 21 are arranged in the mounting sleeve 1, and one ends of the adjusting blades 21 are hinged on the mounting sleeve 1 through pin shafts 22. An adjusting ring 23 is rotatably connected to the mounting sleeve 1, and the adjusting ring 23 is coaxially arranged with the mounting sleeve 1. The adjusting ring 23 is rotated and the adjusting mechanism 3 drives one ends of the adjusting vanes 21 far away from the pin 22 to move towards or away from each other, so as to change the inner diameter of the air inlet/outlet channel.

Wherein the adjustment mechanism 3 includes an arc-shaped adjustment groove 31, an adjustment shaft 32, a guide shaft 33, and an arc-shaped guide groove 34. The arc-shaped adjusting groove 31 and the arc-shaped guide groove 34 are opened on the adjusting ring 23, wherein the arc-shaped guide groove 34 is coaxially arranged with the adjusting ring 23. A plurality of arc-shaped adjusting grooves 31 are uniformly arranged along the axial center of the adjusting ring 23.

The adjusting shaft 32 has one end fixed to the middle of the adjusting blade 21 and the other end slidably connected to the arc-shaped adjusting groove 31. The guide shaft 33 is fixed to the mounting sleeve 1 and slidably coupled in the arc-shaped guide groove 34.

When the adjusting ring 23 rotates in the positive direction, the guide groove moves along the inner wall of the arc-shaped guide groove 34, so that the adjusting ring 23 can rotate along the axis of the adjusting ring 23; meanwhile, the inner wall of the arc-shaped adjusting groove 31 abuts against the adjusting shaft 32 and the adjusting blades 21 can rotate along the axis of the pin 22, so that the adjusting blades 21 move in the direction of approaching each other, and the inner diameter of the air inlet/outlet channel is reduced. Similarly, when the adjusting ring 23 is rotated in the reverse direction, the inner diameter of the inlet/outlet passage becomes large. By controlling the size of the inlet/outlet passage, the breathing/inspiration volume of the patient can be controlled, and the patient gradually changes from tracheal breathing to oral/nasal breathing during the process of gradually reducing the inner diameter of the inlet/outlet passage. Thereby having the effect of training and being not easy to cause extreme uncomfortable conditions for patients.

In order to facilitate the positioning of the adjusting ring 23, an inclined plate 35 is provided on an inner wall of the arc-shaped guide groove 34, and the guide shaft 33 is abutted against the inclined plate 35 in a process that the adjusting ring 23 rotates and drives the adjusting vanes 21 to move in a direction of approaching/separating from each other. The guide shaft 33 is positioned and the adjustment ring 23 is positioned by the pressing force generated between the swash plate 35 and the inner wall of the arc-shaped guide groove 34 to the guide shaft 33.

The installation sleeve 1 is internally provided with the unidirectional air inlet mechanism 4, so that when a patient exhales, air is blocked by the unidirectional air inlet mechanism 4, the air is enabled to penetrate out of the mouth/nose, the patient can speak, and the speaking is trained.

The one-way air inlet mechanism 4 includes a first sealing plate 41, a second sealing plate 42, and a valve 43 disposed on the outer walls of the first sealing plate 41 and the second sealing plate 42. The first sealing plate 41 and the second sealing plate 42 are arranged in a V shape, and an opening formed between the first sealing plate 41 and the second sealing plate 42 faces the adjusting blade 21.

When the patient inhales, the air turns the first sealing plate 41 and the second sealing plate 42 away from each other, and the valve 43 deforms, so that the air smoothly enters the trachea. At the moment when the patient stops inhaling, the valve 43 is reset due to the self-elastic action; when the patient exhales, the valve 43 drives the first sealing plate 41 and the second sealing plate 42 to move toward each other, so that the first sealing plate 41 and the second sealing plate 42 abut against each other and block the passage. Gas is directed out of the patient's mouth and/or nose and the patient may speak as gas is exhaled out of the mouth, thereby gradually training speech.

The mounting sleeve 1 is connected with a button 5 in a sliding way. The button 5 is provided with a first magnet 51; the first and

second cover plates

41 and 42 are provided with second magnets 52. The first magnet 51 and the second magnet 52 attract each other.

A positioning sleeve 6 is arranged on the button 5, and a sliding seat 7 is connected in the positioning sleeve 6 in a sliding way. Two resilient fingers 71 are provided on the slide 7. The resilient fingers 71 are made of resilient plastic. A positioning block 61 for driving the elastic hand grips 71 to approach each other is fixed at one end of the positioning sleeve 6 far away from the button 5. A pull block 8 which is used for abutting against the elastic hand grip 71 is fixed on the mounting sleeve 1. A positioning mechanism 9 is arranged between the sliding seat 7 and the positioning sleeve 6.

The positioning mechanism 9 includes an elastic member 91, a positioning plate 92, a positioning post 93 fixed on the positioning plate 92, a guiding block 94 fixed on the inner wall of the positioning sleeve 6, an M-shaped slot 95 formed on the side wall of the positioning sleeve 6, a sliding slot 96 formed on the side wall of the positioning sleeve 6, and a sliding block 97 slidably connected in the sliding slot 96. The sliding block 97 is fixed on the sliding seat 7, so that the sliding seat 7 is prevented from being separated from the positioning sleeve 6. The elastic member 91 is a spring, and two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected with the inner walls of the sliding seat 7 and the positioning sleeve 6, so that the elastic member 91 applies elasticity to the sliding seat 7. One end of the positioning plate 92 is rotatably connected to the slide carriage 7.

When pressure is applied to the push button 5, the slide 7 abuts against the pull block 8 and moves the slide 7 in a direction approaching the positioning sleeve 6. The positioning post 93 contacts with the guiding block 94 and moves along the M-shaped groove 95, the button 5 is released, the positioning post 93 is embedded in the M-shaped groove, and the positioning of the sliding seat 7 is realized by the elastic force of the elastic member 91. In the process that the sliding seat 7 moves towards the direction close to the positioning sleeve 6, the elastic hand grip 71 is abutted against the positioning block 61, and the elastic hand grip 71 is abutted against the pull block 8, so that the positioning of the button 5 is realized. At this time, the first magnet attracts the second magnet, so that the first sealing plate 41 and the second sealing plate 42 are away from each other, that is, the patient can inhale air and inhale air through the mounting sleeve 1. At this time, the state is normally open.

Applying pressure to the button 5 again, enabling the sliding seat 7 to abut against the pull block 8 and move towards the direction close to the positioning sleeve 6, and releasing the button 5 after the positioning column 93 abuts against the inner wall of the M-shaped groove 95; the positioning post 93 is disengaged from the M-shaped groove 95 by the elastic force of the elastic member 91. The positioning plate 92 is reset, and meanwhile, the elastic hand grip 71 moves along with the sliding seat 7 in the direction away from the positioning sleeve 6, and the elastic hand grip 71 is reset and separated from the positioning block 61. The first magnet moves towards the direction far away from the second magnet, and the patient can inhale through the mounting sleeve 1 but cannot exhale from the mounting sleeve 1. This time, the operation state.

To facilitate identification of the location of the button 5, an identification coating 53 is provided on the outer wall of the button 5. When the button 5 is pressed, the mark coating 53 is positioned in the installation sleeve 1 and is in a normally open state; the button 5 is pressed again, and the mark is positioned outside the mounting sleeve 1, and the working state is realized at the moment.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, embodiment 2: the difference from embodiment 1 is that the one-way air intake mechanism 4 includes a stopper 44, a slide plate 45, and a valve 43 disposed outside the slide plate 45. The stop block 44 is fixed on the inner wall of the mounting sleeve 1, and the channel is blocked when the sliding plate 45 is abutted against the stop block 44. The slide plate 45 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting sleeve 1.

When the patient inhales, the valve 43 pushes the sliding plate 45 to move away from the stop 44 and deform under the action of the air pressure. At the moment when the patient stops inhaling, the valve 43 is reset by its own elastic force. When the patient exhales, the sliding plate 45 is pushed to move by the valve 43 and the sliding plate 45 is abutted against the stop block 44, the channel is blocked, the gas is led out from the mouth and/or the nose of the patient, and when the gas is exhaled from the mouth, the patient can speak, thereby gradually training speaking.

And a first magnet 51 is provided on the button 5, and a second magnet 52 attracting the first magnet 51 is provided on the slide plate 45.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered as within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a stifled pipe trainer of multi-functional tracheotomy of progressive, characterized by: the air inlet/outlet passage air inlet and outlet device comprises an installation sleeve (1) communicated with an air pipe, wherein a plurality of adjusting blades (21) are arranged on the installation sleeve (1), one ends of the adjusting blades (21) are hinged to the installation sleeve (1) through a pin shaft (22), an adjusting ring (23) is connected to the installation sleeve (1) in a rotating mode, the adjusting ring (23) rotates and drives one ends, far away from the pin shaft (22), of the adjusting blades (21) to move towards directions close to or far away from each other through an adjusting mechanism (3) to change the inner diameter of an air inlet/outlet passage, a one-way air inlet mechanism (4) is arranged in the installation sleeve (1), the one-way air inlet mechanism (4) comprises a first sealing plate (41), a second sealing plate (42) and valves (43) arranged on the outer walls of the first sealing plate (41) and the second sealing plate (42), and the first sealing plate (41) and the second sealing plate (42) are arranged in a V shape, the installation sleeve (1) is connected with a button (5) in a sliding way, the button (5) is provided with a first magnet (51), the first sealing plate (41) and the second sealing plate (42) are provided with second magnets (52), the first magnet (51) and the second magnet (52) are mutually attracted, the button (5) is provided with a positioning sleeve (6), a sliding seat (7) is connected in the positioning sleeve (6) in a sliding way, an elastic gripper (71) is arranged on the sliding seat (7), a positioning block (61) for driving the elastic hand grip (71) to approach each other is fixed at one end of the positioning sleeve (6) far away from the button (5), a pulling block (8) which is used for abutting against the elastic hand grip (71) is fixed on the mounting sleeve (1), a positioning mechanism (9) is arranged between the sliding seat (7) and the positioning sleeve (6);

or the one-way air inlet mechanism (4) comprises a stop block (44), a sliding plate (45) and a valve (43) arranged outside the sliding plate (45), the stop block (44) is fixed on the inner wall of the installation sleeve (1), the sliding plate (45) blocks the installation sleeve (1) when being abutted against the stop block (44), the sliding plate (45) is connected on the inner wall of the installation sleeve (1) in a sliding manner, the installation sleeve (1) is connected with a button (5) in a sliding manner, a first magnet (51) is arranged on the button (5), a second magnet (52) which is mutually attracted with the first magnet (51) is arranged on the sliding plate (45), a positioning sleeve (6) is arranged on the button (5), a sliding seat (7) is connected in a sliding manner, an elastic gripper (71) is arranged on the sliding seat (7), and a positioning block (61) which is used for driving the elastic gripper (71) to be mutually close is fixed at one end, far away from the button (5), of the positioning sleeve (6), the mounting sleeve (1) is fixedly provided with a pull block (8) which is used for abutting against the elastic hand grip (71), and a positioning mechanism (9) is arranged between the sliding seat (7) and the positioning sleeve (6).

2. The multifunctional progressive tracheotomy tube blockage training device as recited in claim 1, wherein: adjustment mechanism (3) include arc adjustment tank (31), regulating spindle (32), aiming axis (33) and arc guiding groove (34), arc adjustment tank (31) and arc guiding groove (34) set up on adjustable ring (23), arc guiding groove (34) place axle center is coaxial with adjustable ring (23), regulating spindle (32) one end be fixed in the middle part of adjusting blade (21), other end sliding connection in arc adjustment tank (31), aiming axis (33) be fixed in on installation cover (1) and sliding connection in arc guiding groove (34).

3. The multifunctional progressive tracheotomy tube blockage training device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the inner wall of arc guiding groove (34) on be provided with swash plate (35), adjustable ring (23) rotate and drive adjusting vane (21) and move towards the direction that is close to each other/keeps away from each other and make leading axle (33) contradict with swash plate (35).

4. The multifunctional progressive tracheotomy tube blockage training device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the positioning mechanism (9) comprises an elastic piece (91), a positioning plate (92), a positioning column (93) fixed on the positioning plate (92), a guide block (94) fixed on the inner wall of the positioning sleeve (6), an M-shaped groove (95) formed in the side wall of the positioning sleeve (6), a sliding groove (96) formed in the side wall of the positioning sleeve (6) and a sliding block (97) connected in the sliding groove (96) in a sliding manner, the sliding block (97) is fixed on the sliding seat (7), two ends of the elastic piece (91) are respectively connected with the sliding seat (7) and the inner wall of the positioning sleeve (6), and one end of the positioning plate (92) is rotatably connected on the sliding seat (7);

the sliding seat (7) is abutted against the pulling block (8) and moves towards the direction close to the positioning sleeve (6), so that the positioning column (93) is abutted against the guide block (94) and then embedded into the M-row groove to position the sliding seat (7), and the elastic gripper (71) is abutted against the positioning block (61);

the sliding seat (7) is abutted to the pulling block (8) and moves towards the direction close to the positioning sleeve (6), so that the positioning column (93) is abutted to the inner wall of the M-shaped groove (95) and then is separated from the M-shaped groove (95) to separate the elastic gripper (71) from the positioning block (61).

5. The multifunctional progressive tracheotomy tube blockage training device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the mounting sleeve (1) is connected with the air pipe through the elastic sleeve (11), a positioning ring (12) is arranged in the elastic sleeve (11), the positioning ring (12) is arranged in a shape like a Chinese character '8', an adjusting ring (13) is arranged in the middle of the positioning ring (12), and the positioning ring (12) is arranged in the adjusting ring (13) in a penetrating mode.