CN110542014A

CN110542014A - Hydrogenation station corresponding to hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer

Info

Publication number: CN110542014A
Application number: CN201910800065.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈军; 赵魁英; 沈琪; 陈杰; 陈宏林; 李红; 沈敏; 李志远
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-08-19
Filing date: 2019-08-19
Publication date: 2019-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-19
Also published as: CN110542014B

Abstract

a hydrogenation station corresponding to a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer is a multi-stage hydrogen filling system consisting of the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer, a hydrogen storage cylinder group on the station, a compressor and a hydrogenation machine; the technical characteristics are as follows: the inlet pipeline of the compressor is connected with the gas outlet pipeline of the hydrogen storage bottle in the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer or the standing hydrogen storage bottle group, and the outlet pipeline of the compressor is connected with the gas inlet pipeline of the hydrogen storage bottle in the standing hydrogen storage bottle group; the compressor can regulate and control the pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group on the trailer or the station of the hydrogen storage bottle group; taking a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles in a hydrogen storage bottle group trailer and a standing hydrogen storage bottle group or a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles in a standing hydrogen storage bottle group to store low, medium and high pressure hydrogen; the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer and a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles of the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station have pressure sensors and valves on the pipelines of each hydrogen storage bottle, the pipelines of the hydrogen storage bottles are used as the air inlet pipeline of the hydrogenation machine in a parallel connection mode, and the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline with a hydrogen mass meter, the pressure sensors, the valves and a hydrogenation gun on the hydrogenation machine form a multi-stage hydrogen filling system.

Description

hydrogenation station corresponding to hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer

Technical Field

the present case relates to an external hydrogen supply type hydrogen station, belongs to the hydrogen energy field.

background

the hydrogen energy industry provides hydrogen energy for the fuel cell, and the only place of the matched providing place is the hydrogen station, so the hydrogen station is also the connection point of the hydrogen energy industry and the fuel cell industry;

At present, the technical bottlenecks restricting the development of two industries of hydrogen energy and fuel cells are: the construction of a hydrogen station is delayed due to the basic equipment matched with the fuel cell, which is a world-recognized problem; namely, the hydrogen filling link of the hydrogen filling station is the weakest link; this is a key point and a breakthrough that we will do in the future.

the existing external hydrogen supply hydrogenation station is a hydrogenation station corresponding to a 20MPa long-tube trailer, and has the technical characteristics that:

an upstream hydrogen production plant which provides hydrogen at a pressure of 20 MPa; a midstream transport company, which adopts a 20MPa long-tube trailer to transport hydrogen; and the downstream hydrogen adding station consumes the power supply again to do work on the hydrogen in the 20MPa long-tube trailer at the arrival station, so that the function of adding the hydrogen to the fuel cell to 35MPa can be completed.

The process flow of the filling link of the power hydrogenation station is as follows:

20MPa long-tube trailer → in-station control system → power distribution room → compressor → gas distributor → ground hydrogen storage bottle group → hydrogenation machine → 35MPa or 70MPa hydrogen fuel cell vehicle.

the specific points are as follows:

Only one air discharge pipeline on the 20MPa long-tube trailer is connected with an air inlet of a compressor, the inlet pressure range of the compressor is 5-20MPa, and the outlet pressure of the compressor is 45 MPa; under the control of an in-station control system; the power distribution room provides a three-phase electric power supply for the compressor; the compressor consumes the power supply to do work again and compress the hydrogen to 45MPa, and the ground hydrogen storage cylinder group is filled to 45MPa through the gas distributor; the compressed hydrogen on the 20MPa pipe trailer is pumped out by the compressor and gradually descends from 20MPa to 5MPa, and the pumped out compressed hydrogen is pressurized by the compressor again and filled into the hydrogen storage cylinder group to reach 45 MPa. The hydrogenation machine takes 45MPa compressed hydrogen from the ground hydrogen storage cylinder group to fully charge the hydrogen of 35MPa or 70MPa to the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle.

the existing power hydrogenation station has the remarkable characteristics that:

the existing long tube trailer adopts an I-shaped steel cylinder, and has the most remarkable characteristics that: the loaded compressed hydrogen can only be 20MPa, and only can be loaded with hydrogen with the pressure below 20MPa due to the limitation of the physical properties of the I-shaped steel bottle; less than the rated pressure (35MPa or 70MPa) of a hydrogen storage bottle on a fuel cell automobile; the subsequent process flow needs to pressurize the 20MPa hydrogen again by a compressor to improve the hydrogen pressure, and the hydrogen which is full of the fuel cell automobile to the rated pressure can be completed, so that the process flow of the existing hydrogen station is very complex, the equipment is various, and the operation cost is high.

dozens of hydrogen stations which are built in China at present have different station building styles, but the hydrogen stations are the same in the point that a power source is consumed to do work again to pressurize hydrogen on a 20MPa long-tube trailer so as to finish the hydrogen filling of 35MPa or 70MPa to a fuel cell.

the current situation of the hydrogen station in China: the hydrogenation stations corresponding to a long tube (I-shaped steel cylinder) trailer with the pressure of 20MPa are adopted, and belong to power type hydrogenation stations, the process flow is complex, and large-scale popularization is difficult; in order to solve the problems fundamentally, the problems need to be solved from a transportation link and an upstream hydrogen production link, and firstly, a 20MPa long pipe (I-shaped steel cylinder) trailer is changed to transport the hydrogen, which is a laggard and low-efficiency transportation link with 20 MPa.

disclosure of Invention

By the application date of the scheme, the I-type steel cylinder is used as a 20MPa long-tube trailer in our country, all process flows of the existing hydrogen refueling stations are all around the step of pressurizing the 20MPa hydrogen again to realize the purpose of filling the fuel cell automobile with the hydrogen to the rated pressure, so that each hydrogen refueling station needs a compressor to consume a power supply to do work again to compress the hydrogen, and the hydrogen refueling link at the hydrogen refueling station terminal is very complicated;

The existing hydrogen filling station is limited by a long pipe (I-shaped steel cylinder) trailer, namely the hydrogen gas with 20MPa can be transported only, the technical characteristic needs to be innovated and solved, along with the development of the scientific technology of the gas storage cylinder, the technical result needs to be fully utilized, and the technical characteristic is changed;

Hopefully, the technical characteristic can be effectively solved, and the technical scheme is that the material type of the gas storage cylinder is changed, the gas storage cylinder different from the I-type steel cylinder in the prior art is selected, and the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer different from the existing pipe trailer is manufactured; the invention can be created by a brand new process flow matched with the method;

solves a plurality of unexpected problems and obtains a plurality of unexpected technical effects; the IV type carbon fiber full-winding plastic inner container bottle is generally used as a hydrogen storage bottle internationally, and the technical maturity is accepted worldwide.

The classification for gas cylinders comes from the 2017 edition of the national standard, GB/T35544-2017, see the following table:

as seen from the table: the I-type bottle is adopted as the long-tube trailer, obviously, the pressure for loading hydrogen cannot be increased, and the existing hydrogen filling station corresponding to the 20MPa (I-type bottle) long-tube trailer has the disadvantages of complex process flow, various devices, large occupied area and high operation cost;

The inventor of the present application began to apply for invention patent "a gas filling machine and a gas filling station formed by the same" in 2009, issued patent numbers: 200910141153.7, adopting gas storage bottles capable of loading pressure of 25MPa or more as gas storage bottle group trailers, and only adopting II type bottles, III type bottles and IV type bottles as gas storage bottle group trailers by comparing the tables; the "a gas dispenser and a gas station comprising the same" (patent No. 200910141153.7) is available, and the trailer is equipped with a gas cylinder set of 25MPa or more; on the basis, the invention and creation are carried out again, the IV type bottle is preferably used as the trailer of the hydrogen storage bottle group, the 45MPa hydrogen storage bottle (IV type bottle) group trailer is popularized, and the popularization is fully realized in China in the next few years, and the unexpected technical effects are as follows: not only the transportation effect is improved, but also the construction cost and the operation cost of the hydrogenation station are greatly reduced; that is, the work to be done by the downstream hydrogenation station is finished on the upstream, and the law of energy conservation is met; thus being beneficial to upstream large-scale hydrogen production and hydrogen compression and reducing the hydrogen cost; the specific operation of the downstream hydrogenation station is simpler, safer and more efficient; solves the worldwide difficult problem that the matching construction of the hydrogenation station is very difficult.

therefore, the inventor uses the gas storage bottle with the loading pressure of more than 20MPa, namely uses the II type bottle, the III type bottle and the IV type bottle as the trailer of the gas storage bottle group, has the technical characteristic, invents again, invents a series of brand new technical routes, and previously applies a series of patents as follows:

a gas dispenser and a gas station formed by the gas dispenser; 200910141153.7, respectively;

a vehicle-mounted gas cylinder group trailer; 201410060518.4, respectively;

a trailer type gas station of a vehicle-mounted gas storage cylinder group; 201410097130.1, respectively;

a hydrogen energy supply chain; 201610529446.2, respectively;

a hydrogenation station network facility and a hydrogen distributed energy source formed by the same; 201610838074.1, respectively;

a renewable energy hydrogen production, storage and supply network, and an urban system and a national system formed by the same; 201710072412. X;

Here, emphasis is given to: the series of patents belong to the inventor of the present application, and do not constitute novelty conflict with the present application; the application of the scheme is invented and created again on the basis of the patents, and the cost problem of the gas filling machine and the gas filling station (patent number 200910141153.7) formed by the gas filling machine is solved; the three hydrogen storage cylinder group trailers are expensive in manufacturing cost, only one hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer is needed in the application, and two thirds or one third of cost is saved; the problem of the utilization rate of hydrogen stored and filled in a trailer type gas station (patent number 201410097130.1) of a vehicle-mounted gas storage cylinder group is also solved;

the technical scheme is as follows:

A hydrogenation station corresponding to a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer is a multi-stage hydrogen filling system consisting of the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer, a hydrogen storage cylinder group on the station, a compressor and a hydrogenation machine; the technical characteristics are as follows:

The hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer provides hydrogen gas with pressure higher than rated pressure;

the inlet pipeline of the compressor is connected with the gas outlet pipeline of the hydrogen storage bottle in the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer or the standing hydrogen storage bottle group; the outlet pipeline of the compressor is connected with the inlet of the hydrogenation machine, the compressor extracts hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer or the hydrogen storage cylinder group on the station, and the hydrogen is directly pressurized and then is filled into the fuel cell to reach the rated pressure through the hydrogen mass meter, the valve and the hydrogenation gun on the hydrogenation machine;

or,

the inlet pipeline of the compressor is connected with the gas outlet pipeline of the hydrogen storage bottle in the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer or the standing hydrogen storage bottle group; the outlet pipeline of the compressor is connected with the gas inlet pipeline of the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station; the compressor can regulate and control the pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer or the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station, so that the low, medium and high pressure hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer and the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station or the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station; the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer and a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles of the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station have pressure sensors and valves on the pipelines of each hydrogen storage bottle, the pipelines of the hydrogen storage bottles are used as the air inlet pipeline of the hydrogenation machine in a parallel connection mode, and the pipelines and the air outlet pipeline with a hydrogen mass meter, the pressure sensors, the valves and a hydrogenation gun on the hydrogenation machine form a multi-stage hydrogen filling system; filling hydrogen into the fuel cell step by a hydrogenation machine according to the sequence of low, medium and high pressure hydrogen storage bottles until the rated pressure is full;

using type III or IV cylinder gas storage bottles as a hydrogen storage bottle group trailer; the hydrogen storage cylinder on the fuel cell has a nominal pressure of 35MPa or 70 MPa.

In the technical scheme of the application, two filling modes are available; one is that: the compressor directly extracts hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle and the hydrogenation machine directly injects the hydrogen; one is that a compressor pumps hydrogen from a hydrogen storage bottle group trailer or a hydrogen storage bottle group on a station to fill hydrogen into hydrogen storage bottles corresponding to the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station, a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles store low, medium and high pressure hydrogen to form a multi-stage hydrogen filling system, and the plurality of hydrogen storage bottles provide hydrogen for a hydrogenation machine one by one to fill hydrogen into a fuel cell to a rated pressure.

the special pipeline structure of the scheme has two filling functions, the structure is simple, and the process flow is very clear; the function which can not be achieved by the corresponding hydrogenation station of the existing 20MPa long-tube trailer.

the technical scheme is explained by combining the figure 1:

a hydrogenation station corresponding to a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer is a multi-stage hydrogen filling system consisting of the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer (1, 2 and 3 in figure 1), a hydrogen storage cylinder group (4, 5 and 6 in figure 1), a compressor (9 in figure 1) and a hydrogenation machine (7 in figure 1); the technical characteristics are as follows:

the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer provides hydrogen gas with pressure greater than rated pressure (35 or 70 MPa);

an inlet pipeline (10 in figure 1) of a compressor (9 in figure 1) is connected with a gas outlet pipeline of a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer (1, 2, 3 in figure 1) or a hydrogen storage cylinder (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 in figure 1) in a standing hydrogen storage cylinder group (4, 5, 6 in figure 1), an outlet pipeline (11 in figure 1) of the compressor is connected with a gas inlet pipeline of a hydrogen storage cylinder in a standing hydrogen storage cylinder group (4, 5, 6 in figure 1) or an inlet of a hydrogenation machine (7 in figure 1) and hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer or the standing hydrogen storage cylinder group is pumped by the compressor (9 in figure 1) and directly pressurized through a hydrogen mass meter, a valve and a hydrogenation gun (M1, F7, 8 in figure 1) above the hydrogenation machine (7 in figure 1) to fill hydrogen into the fuel cell to a rated pressure; the pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer (1, 2 and 3 in figure 1) or the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station (4, 5 and 6 in figure 1) can be regulated by the compressor; so that a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 in fig. 1) in the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer (1, 2, 3 in fig. 1) and the hydrogen storage bottle group on station (4, 5, 6 in fig. 1) or a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group on station (4, 5, 6 in fig. 1) store low, medium and high pressure hydrogen;

a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles of a hydrogen storage bottle group trailer (1, 2 and 3 in figure 1) and a standing hydrogen storage bottle group (4, 5 and 6 in figure 1), wherein each hydrogen storage bottle pipeline is provided with a pressure sensor (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6 in figure 1) and a valve (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 and F6 in figure 1), the pipelines of the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer and the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer are connected in parallel to form a multi-stage hydrogen filling system together with an air outlet pipeline of a hydrogenation machine (7 in figure 1) provided with a hydrogen mass meter, a pressure sensor, a valve and a hydrogenation gun (M1, P7, F7 and 8 in figure 1); filling hydrogen into the fuel cell step by step (meaning one hydrogen storage bottle by one hydrogen storage bottle in sequence) by a hydrogenation machine according to the sequence of low, medium and high pressure hydrogen storage bottles until the rated pressure (35 or 70MPa) is full;

the application of the scheme is different from the prior art in that;

in the application of the scheme, a III or IV type cylinder gas storage cylinder is used as a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer, and the pressure of the transported hydrogen is more than 35MPa or 70 MPa; preferably 45MPa or 85 MPa;

the prior art is a 20MPa long tube trailer; a long pipe trailer made of an I-type cylinder gas storage cylinder is used; the pressure of the transported hydrogen is only 20 MPa;

The pressure of hydrogen supplied by hydrogen stations is different, and the prior art is as follows: 20MPa can not be used as high-pressure hydrogen when the rated pressure of the fuel cell is 35MPa, and the application preferably selects 45MPa hydrogen with the rated pressure of more than 35MPa, and can be used as high-pressure hydrogen when the rated pressure of the fuel cell is 35 MPa; based on the above, the process flows of the two are completely different;

compressor, its technical characterstic: the compressor comprises various compressors in the market, and is in the protection range of the scheme as long as the compressor compresses gas; the compressor comprises a compressor control cabinet which controls the opening and closing of valves on inlet and outlet pipelines of the compressor; starting and shutting down the compressor; the main functions are: extracting hydrogen on a trailer of the hydrogen storage cylinder group to apply work in a pressurizing way to fill hydrogen with higher pressure into hydrogen storage cylinders in the hydrogen storage cylinder group, or extracting hydrogen in a certain hydrogen storage cylinder in the hydrogen storage cylinder group on a station to apply work in a pressurizing way to fill hydrogen with higher pressure into other hydrogen storage cylinders in the hydrogen storage cylinder group; the results were: "make a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 in fig. 1) in a hydrogen storage bottle group trailer (1, 2, 3 in fig. 1) and a hydrogen storage bottle group on station (4, 5, 6 in fig. 1), or a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles in a hydrogen storage bottle group on station (4, 5, 6 in fig. 1) store low, medium, high pressure hydrogen gas"; or the inlet of the hydrogenation machine (7 in the figure 1) is connected with a compressor (9 in the figure 1) to draw hydrogen in a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer (1, 2, 3 in the figure 1) or a standing hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer (4, 5, 6 in the figure 1) to directly pressurize, and the fuel cell is filled with hydrogen to a rated pressure through a hydrogen mass meter, a valve and a hydrogenation gun (M1, F7, 8 in the figure 1) above the hydrogenation machine (7 in the figure 1);

The multistage hydrogen filling system is technically characterized in that: the multistage hydrogen filling system comprises three-stage, four-stage, five-stage, six-stage, seven-stage and the like to N-stage hydrogen filling systems; the concrete understanding is that: several hydrogen storage bottles are arranged, and the fuel cell is charged with hydrogen by the hydrogenation machine step by step (that is, the hydrogen storage bottles are sequentially filled one by one according to the low, medium and high sequences) according to the sequence of the low, medium and high pressure hydrogen storage bottles until the rated pressure is reached, so that a several-stage hydrogen filling system is formed; three hydrogen storage bottles are provided, namely a three-stage hydrogen filling system; four hydrogen storage bottles are provided, namely a four-stage hydrogen filling system; five hydrogen storage bottles are provided, namely a five-stage hydrogen filling system; the precondition is that the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen is higher than the pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle to be filled to the rated pressure, namely, the hydrogen higher than the rated pressure is the high-pressure hydrogen, and then a multi-stage filling hydrogen system can be formed.

the multistage hydrogen filling system is also technically characterized in that: in the application of the scheme, the multi-stage hydrogen filling system is variable according to the number of the hydrogen storage bottles, namely, the number of the hydrogen storage bottles providing low, medium and high hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle group is variable, and the multi-stage hydrogen filling system is also variable.

the hydrogen storage bottles store low, medium and high pressure hydrogen in sequence, and are technically characterized in that: this is a requirement in many hydronic fill systems;

the high-pressure hydrogen is technically characterized in that: hydrogen at greater than nominal pressure, e.g., greater than 35MPa hydrogen, or, greater than 70MPa hydrogen;

the low and medium hydrogen has the technical characteristics that: less than nominal pressure, e.g., less than 35MPa hydrogen, or, less than 70MPa hydrogen;

for example: in the starting state, the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer is provided with three hydrogen storage bottles which provide hydrogen of 45MPa, and provides high-pressure gas for a fuel cell with the rated pressure of 35MPa, namely a three-stage hydrogen filling system;

subsequently, the compressor takes part in unloading and repressurization;

the hydrogen filling system is characterized in that six hydrogen storage bottles are provided, and hydrogen is filled into the fuel cell stage by stage (namely, the hydrogen storage bottles are arranged one by one) according to the sequence that the hydrogen storage bottles contain low, medium and high pressure hydrogen and the hydrogenation machine is matched until the rated pressure is reached, so that the hydrogen filling system is a six-stage hydrogen filling system;

the hydrogen storage bottles store low, medium and high pressure hydrogen and can be medium, medium and high; medium, high; high, high; these are all within the scope of protection of the sequence in which a plurality of hydrogen storage cylinders store low, medium, and high pressure hydrogen.

the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer provides hydrogen with pressure higher than rated pressure, and the technical characteristics are as follows: the pressure is 35MPa above the rated pressure; preferably selecting a 45MPa hydrogen storage bottle as a hydrogen storage bottle group trailer;

or,

the pressure is 70MPa above the rated pressure; preferably selecting a hydrogen storage bottle with 85MPa as a trailer of the hydrogen storage bottle group;

there is a problem to be solved here:

how to fill a fuel cell with a rated pressure of 70MPa when we select a hydrogen storage bottle of 45MPa as a hydrogen storage bottle group trailer? This requires the technical features of the present application, the compressor acting to change the order of low, medium and high hydrogen in a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles.

"the inlet pipeline (10 in fig. 1) of the compressor is connected with the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer (1, 2, 3 in fig. 1) or the hydrogen storage bottles (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 in fig. 1) in the standing hydrogen storage bottle group (4, 5, 6 in fig. 1), and the outlet pipeline (11 in fig. 1) of the compressor is connected with the gas inlet pipeline of the hydrogen storage bottles in the standing hydrogen storage bottle group (4, 5, 6 in fig. 1); "

the gas outlet pipeline of the gas storage cylinder in the hydrogen storage cylinder group on the trailer or the station of the hydrogen storage cylinder group is technically characterized in that: can be one or more hydrogen storage bottles, the number of which is not limited;

The outlet pipeline of the compressor is connected with the gas inlet pipeline of the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station; the technical characteristics are as follows: can be one or more hydrogen storage bottles, the number of which is not limited;

fig. 1 and 2, both of which show two types of pipe connections of the above-described technical features; that is, any method for achieving the above technical features is within the scope of the technical features of the present application.

the pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer (1, 2 and 3 in figure 1) or the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station (4, 5 and 6 in figure 1) can be regulated by the compressor; the technical characteristics are as follows:

The technical characteristics of the method are as follows: when needed, the compressor can be used for pressurizing the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle again; when not needed, the compressor can be shut down; the lower multi-stage hydrogen filling system works by itself;

the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the compressor can unload (or extract) hydrogen in hydrogen storage bottles on a trailer of the hydrogen storage bottle group, and the hydrogen is pressurized and filled on the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station through the compressor; or the hydrogen in one or more hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group on the pumping station is pressurized again and filled into another one or more hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group; the method also comprises the step that the compressor extracts hydrogen in any hydrogen storage bottle to directly pressurize and supplement and transmit the hydrogen to the fuel cell hydrogen storage bottle, and finally the essence is to regulate and control the pressure of the fuel cell hydrogen storage bottle, namely to fill the hydrogen, and the measurement standard is as follows: the pressure reaches the rated pressure, and is also called as pressure regulation. The pressure regulation comprises the following steps that or, hydrogen in a hydrogen storage bottle group trailer or a hydrogen storage bottle group on a station is extracted by a compressor and is directly pressurized to a rated pressure through a hydrogenation machine; "technical characteristics.

"a sequence such that a plurality of hydrogen storage cylinders (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 in fig. 1) in a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer (1, 2, 3 in fig. 1) and a plurality of hydrogen storage cylinders (4, 5, 6 in fig. 1) in a standing hydrogen storage cylinder group (4, 5, 6 in fig. 1) or a plurality of hydrogen storage cylinders in a standing hydrogen storage cylinder group (4, 5, 6 in fig. 1) are reserved with low, medium, high pressure hydrogen gas; "

the technical characteristics are as follows: has two layers meaning;

1. The 'hydrogen storage cylinder group trailers (1, 2 and 3 in figure 1) and a plurality of hydrogen storage cylinders in the standing hydrogen storage cylinder group (4, 5 and 6 in figure 1)' can form a multistage filling hydrogen system, and the compressor stores low, medium and high pressure hydrogen due to the work of the compressor; for example: 1, 2 and 4 in the figure 1 form a three-stage hydrogen filling system;

In fig. 1, the hydrogen storage bottles 1, 2 and 3 are 45MPa each, and the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer with the pressure of 45MPa can not fully charge the fuel cell with hydrogen with the rated pressure of 70 MPa;

pumping hydrogen from a hydrogen storage bottle (3 in figure 1) by using a compressor, pressurizing to 85MPa again, and filling the hydrogen storage bottle (4 in figure 1) in the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station; the method comprises the following steps: f3 and F4 are opened, other valves are closed, and the compressor does work and pressurizes again to realize the process flow.

"hydrogen storage cylinders in a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer (1, 2, 3 in fig. 1) and a standing hydrogen storage cylinder group (4, 5, 6 in fig. 1)",

the technical characteristics are as follows:

the hydrogen storage bottles on the trailer of the hydrogen storage bottle group have no limit on the number of the hydrogen storage bottles; the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer can be used for converting one hydrogen storage cylinder to a plurality of hydrogen storage cylinders, for example: f1, F2 and F3 on the upper surfaces 1, 2 and 3 in the figure 1 are opened and closed simultaneously, and the three hydrogen storage bottles form one hydrogen storage bottle; similarly, the valves on two hydrogen storage bottles are opened and closed simultaneously, namely the two hydrogen storage bottles; of course, the valves of the three hydrogen storage bottles are independently opened and closed, namely the three hydrogen storage bottles; the number of the hydrogen storage bottles can be changed and is not limited by the number of the hydrogen storage bottles, or the number of the hydrogen storage bottles is not limited.

standing the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group without the limitation of the number of the hydrogen storage bottles; the hydrogen storage cylinders in the standing cylinder group may be one to a plurality of hydrogen storage cylinders, or may be a transition between a plurality of hydrogen storage cylinders, such as: f4, F5 and F6 on the upper parts 4, 5 and 6 in the figure 1 are opened and closed simultaneously, and the three hydrogen storage bottles form one hydrogen storage bottle; similarly, the valves on two hydrogen storage bottles are opened and closed simultaneously, namely the two hydrogen storage bottles; of course, the valves of the three hydrogen storage bottles are independently opened and closed, namely the three hydrogen storage bottles;

The hydrogen storage bottles in the two hydrogen storage bottles are added into a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles, and low, medium and high pressure hydrogen is stored; so as to form a multi-stage hydrogen filling system; the number of hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer and the number of hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group standing are not limited.

The hydrogen storage bottle on the trailer of the hydrogen storage bottle group can be one hydrogen storage bottle, and the hydrogen storage bottle in the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station can be two hydrogen storage bottles, and the two hydrogen storage bottles are added to form three hydrogen storage bottles, so that a three-stage hydrogen filling system is formed. And so on. The specific number of each is not limited. The multistage filling hydrogen system can be formed as long as the number of the hydrogen storage bottles is added to the number of the hydrogen storage bottles.

2. the 'a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group (4, 5 and 6 in figure 1) on the station' can form a multi-stage filling hydrogen system, and the compressor does work to store the sequence of low, medium and high pressure hydrogen; for example: 3, 4 and 5 in FIG. 1 constitute a three-stage hydrogen filling system;

Respectively pumping hydrogen from hydrogen storage bottles (1, 2 and 3 in figure 1) by using a compressor, pressurizing to 85MPa again, and respectively filling the hydrogen storage bottles (4, 5 and 6 in figure 1) in the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station: the method comprises the following steps: f1 and F4 are opened respectively, and other valves are all in a closed state;

F2 and F5 are opened, and other valves are all in a closed state;

F3 and F6 are opened, and other valves are all in a closed state;

The compressor does work and pressurizes again to realize the process flow.

next, a multi-stage hydrogen filling system can be constructed from "a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles in a hydrogen storage bottle group (4, 5, 6 in FIG. 1)" on-site.

For example, the following steps are carried out:

three hydrogen storage bottles are arranged, and the pressure is respectively 45MPa, 30MPa and 25 MPa; filling hydrogen into the fuel cell stage by stage (namely, one hydrogen storage bottle by one hydrogen storage bottle) according to the sequence of the low and medium pressure hydrogen storage bottles and the hydrogen hydrogenation machine until the rated pressure is reached, namely a three-stage hydrogen filling system;

in the order of low and medium pressure hydrogen storage cylinders; starting from a 25MPa hydrogen storage bottle;

opening a valve of a hydrogenation gun of a hydrogenation machine, detecting the pressure in a hydrogen storage bottle of a fuel cell, judging that the pressure is less than 25MPa, opening an upper valve of the hydrogen storage bottle with the pressure of 25MPa and a valve on the hydrogenation machine,

the first step is as follows: hydrogen is filled into the hydrogen storage bottle on the fuel cell by the hydrogen storage bottle with the pressure of 25MPa, and whether the rated pressure is 35MPa is judged after the hydrogen storage bottle is balanced;

does not reach 35 MPa;

the second step is that: filling hydrogen into the hydrogen storage bottle on the fuel cell by using the hydrogen storage bottle with the pressure of 30MPa, and judging whether the rated pressure is 35MPa or not after balancing;

does not reach 35 MPa;

The third step: hydrogen is filled into the hydrogen storage bottle on the fuel cell by the 45MPa hydrogen storage bottle, and whether the rated pressure is 35MPa is judged after the hydrogen storage bottle is balanced;

and stopping when the pressure reaches 35 MPa.

this is the process flow of the three-stage hydrogen filling system.

according to the technical scheme, hydrogen does not exist in a hydrogen storage bottle in an initial state; the special points are as follows: three hydrogen storage bottles of the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer are all provided with high-pressure hydrogen gas of 45 MPa; the initial state is a three-stage hydrogen filling system;

The subsequent process is that six hydrogen storage bottles are used as a six-stage hydrogen filling system according to the sequence of low, medium and high pressure hydrogen storage bottles.

the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer is technically characterized in that: the hydrogen storage bottle group on the trailer comprises a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles, the number of the hydrogen storage bottles is not limited and can be 1 to N; that is, the number of hydrogen storage cylinders is not limited to three hydrogen storage cylinders (1, 2, and 3 in fig. 1) in fig. 1 and 2;

or several hydrogen storage bottles form a first hydrogen storage bottle, and similarly, other hydrogen storage bottles form a second hydrogen storage bottle; the other hydrogen storage bottles form a third hydrogen storage bottle, and the third hydrogen storage bottle can form an Nth hydrogen storage bottle; the number of the hydrogen storage bottles in the 1 st to N hydrogen storage bottles can be equal or different; and so on in this manner, and so on, to constitute a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer.

The hydrogen storage bottle group on the station is characterized in that: the hydrogen storage bottle group comprises a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles, the number of the hydrogen storage bottles is not limited and can be 1 to N; that is, the number of hydrogen storage cylinders is not limited to the three hydrogen storage cylinders (4, 5, and 6 in fig. 1) in fig. 1 and 2;

it is also possible that several hydrogen storage tanks constitute a first hydrogen storage tank, and similarly, another hydrogen storage tanks constitute a second hydrogen storage tank: the other hydrogen storage bottles form a third hydrogen storage bottle, and the third hydrogen storage bottle can form an Nth hydrogen storage bottle; the number of the hydrogen storage bottles in the 1 st to N hydrogen storage bottles can be equal or different; and so on in this manner, and so on, to form a hydrogen storage cylinder group on the station.

the number of the hydrogen storage bottles on the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer and the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station can be unequal or equal; the number of the hydrogen storage bottles is not limited by the embodiment.

the hydrogen storage bottle group and the compressor on the station can also be made into a movable type or a skid-mounted type, and can move when the station is built and moved; the requirements of quick station building and quick relocation are met; the hydrogen storage cylinder group on the station only moves frequently without a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer, and completely different from the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer, the hydrogen storage cylinder group on the station cannot be filled with hydrogen gas with pressure higher than the rated pressure.

The hydrogen storage cylinder group and the compressor on the station can be made into two forms: one is fixed, and is fixed in a different place and is not moved or moved; the other type is a movable type (or a skid-mounted type), which not only meets the requirements of quick station building, but also meets the requirements of movement, can be matched with an authorized patent (a trailer type gas station of a vehicle-mounted gas storage cylinder group; 201410097130.1) applied in the past, and is changed into a movable type hydrogen station from the trailer type gas station, however, the moving subject is also a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer, and a hydrogen storage cylinder group and a compressor on the station are relatively fixed and are not suitable for frequent movement, so that the problem of the full utilization rate of residual medium-pressure and low-pressure hydrogen of the trailer type gas station is solved.

the pressure sensor and the valve which are matched with the hydrogen storage bottle on the trailer of the hydrogen storage bottle group can be arranged on the trailer to form a whole body which is connected with the pipeline of the hydrogen filling station through a pipeline by using the quick connector; the pressure sensor and the valve matched with the hydrogen storage bottles on the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer can also be fixed on the hydrogenation station, and the gas outlet pipeline of each hydrogen storage bottle is connected with the pipeline on the hydrogenation station by a quick joint.

the hydrogenation machine is technically characterized in that: the specific structure is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2; the device is provided with an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline; for example, six hydrogen storage bottles are provided, and the six hydrogen storage bottles are connected in parallel to be used as the air inlet of the hydrogenation machine; generally, only one gas outlet pipeline containing a hydrogen gas mass meter, a valve, a sensor and a hydrogenation gun is arranged; six gas inlet pipelines and one gas outlet pipeline form a six-stage hydrogen filling system; the general is: several hydrogen storage bottles are several gas inlet pipelines and one gas outlet pipeline of the hydrogenation machine to form several stages of hydrogen filling systems. The general is: the hydrogen storage bottles are a multi-stage hydrogen filling system consisting of a plurality of gas inlet pipelines and a gas outlet pipeline of the hydrogenation machine.

the hydrogenation machine can control various valves, sensors and the like in the figures 1 and 2, has a logic judgment function and artificial intelligence such as AI and the like; the automatic control and operation can be carried out according to the technological process in the technical scheme applied by the scheme. The hydrogen gas temperature-control device also has the functions of detecting temperature, controlling flow rate and the like, and also has the function of cooling the hydrogen gas to minus 40 ℃. These are not shown in fig. 1 and 2, and the screen is kept clean and tidy.

The hydrogenation machine is technically characterized in that: the specific structure is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2; the device is provided with an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline; for example, six hydrogen storage bottles are connected in parallel to serve as an air inlet of a hydrogenation machine; and 7, left and right air inlet pipes are also provided with left and right valves which are respectively called a left air inlet valve and a right air inlet valve and respectively correspond to a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles of the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer and the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station. The illustration is omitted and not shown.

at ordinary times, the left and right air inlet valves are in an open state, and if the left and right air inlet valves do not exist, the pipeline is smooth;

when the left air inlet valve is closed, the right air inlet valve is opened, so that the hydrogen in any hydrogen storage bottle can be pumped by the compressor to be directly pressurized, and the hydrogen can be directly filled into the fuel cell through the hydrogenation machine. Namely valves F1, F2, F3, F41, F51, F61 on hydrogen storage bottles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; any one of the valves is opened, the valves F4, F5 and F6 are closed, and F7 is opened;

Therefore, the technical characteristic that the pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group on the trailer or the station of the hydrogen storage bottle group can be regulated and controlled by the compressor is that the hydrogen of any hydrogen storage bottle is extracted and directly pressurized and then directly fills the hydrogen into the fuel cell through the hydrogenation machine. Namely: or, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer or the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station is extracted by the compressor and is directly pressurized to be charged to the rated pressure by the hydrogenation machine;

the application of the present application includes the technical characteristics that hydrogen in any hydrogen storage bottle is directly pumped and pressurized, and the hydrogen is directly filled into the fuel cell through a hydrogenation machine, and the technical routes in figures 1 and 2 realize the functions.

The hydrogen storage bottle group trailer and a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles of the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station are provided with a pressure sensor and a valve on each hydrogen storage bottle pipeline, the pipelines of the hydrogen storage bottles are used as the air inlet pipeline of the hydrogenation machine in a parallel connection mode, and the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline with a hydrogen mass meter, the pressure sensor, the valve and a hydrogenation gun on the hydrogenation machine form a multi-stage hydrogen filling system; the valve can be a manual valve, an electromagnetic valve and a pneumatic valve, and is very convenient to control, and the opening and closing of the valve is to open or close the gas flowing or filling process on the pipeline.

the fuel cell has the technical characteristics that: the hydrogen storage bottle on the fuel cell is also part of the fuel cell; filling hydrogen into the fuel cell is to fill hydrogen into a hydrogen storage bottle on the fuel cell; the fuel cell is mounted in a vehicle, and is a fuel cell vehicle, and therefore, the fuel cell also includes a fuel cell vehicle.

The rated pressure is technically characterized in that: the pressure is the rated pressure on the hydrogen storage bottle of the fuel cell, and at present, the rated pressure on the hydrogen storage bottle of the fuel cell is 35 MPa; in the future, the rated pressure on the hydrogen storage bottle of the fuel cell is 70 MPa; in addition, the hydrogen storage cylinder for fuel cells in various cases is set to a predetermined rated pressure, for example, the hydrogen storage cylinder for fuel cells in a forklift is set to 15 MPa.

the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer provides hydrogen with pressure greater than rated pressure, and the technical characteristics are as follows: for example, the rated pressure on the hydrogen storage bottle of the fuel cell is 35 MPa; in this case, the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer providing a pressure greater than the rated pressure may be: a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer filled with 45MPa hydrogen; the rated pressure on the hydrogen storage bottle of the fuel cell is 70 MPa; in this case, the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer providing a pressure greater than the rated pressure may be: a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer filled with 85MPa hydrogen; the hydrogen storage bottle can only adopt a type III bottle or a type IV bottle, and the type IV bottle is preferably adopted as a hydrogen storage bottle group trailer for the scheme, so that a 45MPa hydrogen storage bottle (type IV bottle) group trailer is popularized;

the application of the present case is distinguished from the prior art by:

The application adopts an IV-type bottle as a hydrogen storage bottle group trailer, and the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer can provide hydrogen with pressure higher than rated pressure, namely the pressure of the hydrogen loaded by the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer is higher than the rated pressure, namely 45MPa is higher than 35 MPa; the hydrogen filling device can be used for high-pressure gas, the corresponding hydrogenation station and the whole process flow are all changed under the precondition, a brand new technical route is provided, particularly the filling link of the hydrogenation station can realize the function of filling hydrogen in multiple stages. Greatly simplifies the process flow, has high efficiency and realizes the technical effect of uninterrupted gas filling in the whole process.

The long tube (I-shaped bottle) trailer adopted in the prior art can only load 20MPa of hydrogen, namely 20MPa is less than 35 MPa; the hydrogen gas with high pressure can not be provided, and the corresponding hydrogenation station and the whole process flow are very complicated under the precondition; more electric energy is consumed, and particularly, in the filling link of a hydrogenation station, the multistage hydrogen filling function of the scheme cannot be realized, and the effect of uninterrupted gas filling in the whole process cannot be realized.

the technical characteristics of the high-pressure hydrogen are as follows: for example, the rated pressure on the hydrogen storage bottle of the fuel cell is 35 MPa; in this case, the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer providing a pressure greater than the rated pressure may be: a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer filled with 45MPa hydrogen; the high-pressure hydrogen is between 35MPa and 45 MPa; namely, the hydrogen with the pressure of more than 35MPa is high-pressure hydrogen; the rated pressure on the hydrogen storage bottle of the fuel cell is 70 MPa; in this case, the trailer filled with hydrogen storage cylinder groups having a pressure greater than the rated pressure may be: a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer filled with 85MPa of hydrogen; the high-pressure hydrogen is: 70MPa to 85 MPa; i.e. hydrogen above 70MPa is high pressure hydrogen.

the medium and low pressure hydrogen has the technical characteristics that: for example, the rated pressure on the hydrogen storage bottle of the fuel cell is 35 MPa; in this case, the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer providing a pressure greater than the rated pressure may be: a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer filled with 45MPa of hydrogen; the high-pressure hydrogen is between 35MPa and 45 MPa; the rest is medium-pressure hydrogen and low-pressure hydrogen, namely the part below 35MPa is the medium-pressure hydrogen and the low-pressure hydrogen; the rated pressure on the hydrogen storage bottle of the fuel cell is 70 MPa; in this case, the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer providing a pressure greater than the rated pressure may be: a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer filled with 85MPa of hydrogen; the high-pressure hydrogen is: 70MPa to 85 MPa; the rest is medium and low pressure hydrogen; namely, the hydrogen part below 70MPa is medium-pressure hydrogen and low-pressure hydrogen;

advantageous effects

1. a type III or IV hydrogen storage bottle is used for making a hydrogen storage bottle group trailer; the rated pressure of a hydrogen storage bottle on the fuel cell is 35MPa or 70 MPa;

the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer provides hydrogen with pressure higher than the rated pressure and is matched with the hydrogenation machine to complete the process of filling hydrogen into the fuel cell to the rated pressure; the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer provides hydrogen with the pressure of more than 35MPa or 70MPa, so that the working frequency of a compressor for a hydrogenation station is saved; energy consumption of the hydrogenation station is saved; compared with the prior long-tube trailer which is loaded with 20MPa hydrogen, the transportation efficiency is improved, and the power energy consumption of the hydrogenation station is saved!

2. Using up the high pressure hydrogen; filling the residual medium and low pressure hydrogen into a hydrogen storage cylinder group on the station by a compressor; the unloading of the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer is relatively 'thoroughly clean'.

compared with the 'a gas filling machine and a gas filling station formed by the same' invented by the inventor, the granted patent numbers are as follows: 200910141153.7, respectively; there is a great technical advance:

the utility model provides a gas filling machine and by its gas station that constitutes, technical characterstic is: more than two hydrogen storage cylinder group trailers provide high-pressure hydrogen in an alternate cycle; that is, a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles on more than two hydrogen storage bottle group trailers form a multi-stage hydrogen adding mode, and the hydrogen storage bottle group trailers are very expensive in manufacturing cost;

the application of this case, the multistage filling mode that a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer and the hydrogen storage cylinder group that stands constitute has saved the investment of hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer, and economic benefits is very considerable.

The high-pressure hydrogen is used up by the trailer of the hydrogen storage cylinder group every time, the residual medium-pressure hydrogen and low-pressure hydrogen are filled into the hydrogen storage cylinder group on the station by the compressor and are reused next time, and the waste phenomenon is not caused or the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer is transported back and forth to cause waste.

filling the residual medium and low hydrogen on the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer into the hydrogen storage cylinder group on the station by using a compressor; energy is saved; the pressure balance is firstly completed by self pressure balance, and then the compressor is used for unloading, so that the completion speed is very high.

3. the technical characteristics that the present case application is:

the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer and the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station form a high, medium and low multistage filling mode, so that the compressor is used for unloading all the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle group on the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer to the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station; the gas utilization efficiency of the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer is improved;

4. the problem of the puzzlement of the inventor in the prior patent which has been issued is solved, namely the problem of the outlet of residual medium and low hydrogen of a trailer type gas station (patent number: 201410097130.1) of a vehicle-mounted gas storage cylinder group is solved; namely, a trailer type gas filling station of a vehicle-mounted gas storage cylinder group and a hydrogen storage cylinder group on the station form a high, medium and low pressure multistage hydrogen filling system, when high pressure hydrogen in the trailer type gas filling station of the vehicle-mounted gas storage cylinder group is used up, the residual medium and low pressure hydrogen is filled into the hydrogen storage cylinder group on the station by a compressor, the unloading is 'thorough and clean', and the residual medium and low pressure hydrogen can be used as medium and low pressure hydrogen to be filled into the high, medium and low pressure multistage hydrogen filling system with the trailer type gas filling station of the vehicle-mounted gas storage cylinder group. And the process is circulated.

5. The present application, which is emphasized again herein, is a re-invention of a patent that the inventor has previously filed for, and specifically: "a gas dispenser and gas station that constitutes by it", grant patent No.: 200910141153.7, respectively; and, a trailer formula gas station is organized to on-vehicle gas bomb, the patent number of granting: 201410097130.1.

Based on the two patents, the invention is invented again, and the cost problem of the former and the residual low-medium hydrogen utilization rate problem of the latter are solved unexpectedly.

in the application of the scheme, "the hydrogen storage bottle group and the compressor on the station" can be made into a movable type (or a skid-mounted type) and a fixed type, namely a movable or fixed type hydrogen adding station is made, the two patents are matched more flexibly, the respective problems are solved, and the technical progress is very obvious.

the application of the scheme, the special equipment composition, namely the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer and the hydrogen storage cylinder group and the hydrogenation machine on the station, solves the defects of the two patents, and achieves the technical effect that the two issued patents do not have.

6. the application of this case, 45 MPa's hydrogen that hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer provided can realize the filling function that rated pressure is 70MPa with the compressor.

7. The application of this scheme, this kind of connected mode can realize that the compressor extracts the hydrogen in arbitrary hydrogen storage bottle and annotates hydrogen to fuel cell to rated pressure function.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a hydrogen loading station associated with a hydrogen storage battery train trailer;

1. A first hydrogen storage cylinder on a trailer representing a hydrogen storage cylinder group; 2. a second hydrogen storage cylinder on the trailer of the hydrogen storage cylinder group; 3. a third hydrogen storage cylinder on the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer; 4. indicating a first hydrogen storage cylinder on a hydrogen storage cylinder set on a station; 5. indicating a second hydrogen storage cylinder on the hydrogen storage cylinder set on the station; 6. showing a third hydrogen storage cylinder on the hydrogen storage cylinder set on the station; 7. represents a hydrogenation machine; 8. represents a hydrogenation lance on a hydrogenation machine;

p1, P2 and P3 respectively represent pressure sensors on a first hydrogen storage bottle, a second hydrogen storage bottle and a third hydrogen storage bottle on a trailer of the hydrogen storage bottle group;

f1, F2, F3 respectively indicate valves of the pipes on the first, second and third hydrogen storage bottles on the trailer of the hydrogen storage bottle group;

P4, P5, P6 respectively represent the pressure sensors on the first, second, and third hydrogen storage bottles of the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station;

F4, F5 and F6 respectively represent valves of pipelines on the first, second and third hydrogen storage bottles on the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station;

F41, F51 and F61 respectively represent valves of pipelines on the first, second and third hydrogen storage bottles on the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station;

f7 and P7 respectively represent a valve and a pressure sensor on the hydrogenation machine;

m1 represents the mass of hydrogen on the hydrogenator.

9. denotes a compressor; 10. showing the inlet line of the compressor; 11. represents the outlet line of the compressor;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a hydrogen loading station associated with a hydrogen storage battery train trailer;

m1 represents the mass of hydrogen on the hydrogenator.

examples

the hydrogen fuel cell automobile is produced in a large scale, so that the development of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile is disturbed by the construction of the infrastructure of a hydrogen station, and the technical scheme can perfectly solve the problem. The worldwide problem that the hydrogen station is difficult to build is thoroughly solved.

The application of this case is different main technical characteristics with prior art and is:

the prior art is a 20MPa long tube trailer; a long pipe trailer made of an I-type cylinder gas storage cylinder is used; the transportation hydrogen can only be 20MPa hydrogen;

Because the pressure of hydrogen supplied from hydrogen stations is different, the prior art is that: 20MPa can not be used as high-pressure hydrogen when the rated pressure of the fuel cell is 35MPa, and the application preferably selects 45MPa hydrogen with the rated pressure of more than 35MPa, and can be used as high-pressure hydrogen when the rated pressure of the fuel cell is 35 MPa;

based on the above, the process flows of the two are completely different;

example 1:

a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer provides a hydrogen station corresponding to 45MPa hydrogen, and fills hydrogen with pressure of 35MPa to a fuel cell.

Initial state:

firstly, using 45MPa hydrogen of three hydrogen storage bottles in a hydrogen storage bottle group trailer, namely a three-stage hydrogen filling system; the three hydrogen storage bottles are all high-pressure, and meet the necessary conditions of a low, medium and high multi-stage hydrogen filling system, namely at least one hydrogen storage bottle in the hydrogen storage bottles is filled with high-pressure hydrogen, so that the necessary conditions of the multi-stage hydrogen filling system can be met.

how to implement specifically:

The key points are as follows: filling hydrogen to the outside every time, wherein the sequence of taking hydrogen starts from the sequence of 1, 2 and 3 hydrogen storage bottles; i.e., a gradual transition from low pressure to high pressure, until the high pressure hydrogen is exhausted.

filling hydrogen gas to three hydrogen storage bottles on a trailer of the hydrogen storage bottle group; this is the following: a three-stage hydrogen filling system;

Filling hydrogen for the first time:

the hydrogenation gun 8 is connected to a filling port on a hydrogen storage bottle of a first fuel cell automobile to be filled, a safety valve on the hydrogenation gun is opened, and the P7 detects that the residual pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle of the fuel cell is 2 MPa;

opening the F1, F7 valves, the other valves being in a closed state;

hydrogen gas with the pressure of 45MPa in a hydrogen storage bottle represented by 1 is filled in a fuel cell automobile to the pressure of 35MPa, the mass is measured by an M1 hydrogen mass meter, and the gas filling amount is displayed to a user; the pressure in the hydrogen storage cylinder represented by 1 was decreased to 44 MPa; the first hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is driven away;

Filling hydrogen for the second time:

…

repeating the above actions;

So repeating;

N1 th hydrogen gas filling:

N1 th fuel cell car to hydrogen station;

the hydrogenation gun 8 is connected into a hydrogen storage bottle on the Nth 1 th fuel cell automobile to be filled, a safety valve on the hydrogenation gun is opened, and the residual pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle is 4MPa when the P7 measures the residual pressure;

opening the F1, F7 valves, the other valves being in a closed state; measuring the mass by an M1 hydrogen mass meter, and displaying the gas adding amount to a user; filling hydrogen in a hydrogen storage bottle represented by 1 to 35MPa for the fuel cell automobile; the pressure in the hydrogen storage cylinder represented by 1 was decreased to 35 MPa; at this time, the N1 th hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is driven away;

n2 th hydrogen gas filling:

N2 th fuel cell car to hydrogen station;

the hydrogenation gun 8 is connected into a hydrogen storage bottle on the N2 th fuel cell automobile to be charged, a safety valve on the hydrogenation gun is opened, and the P7 detects that the residual pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle is 3MPa (the residual pressure of the fuel cell automobile at each station is different);

opening the F1, F7 valves, the other valves being in a closed state; measuring the mass by an M1 hydrogen mass meter, and displaying the gas adding amount to a user; hydrogen gas of 35MPa in a hydrogen storage bottle represented by 1 was supplied to a fuel cell vehicle to 33 MPa; the pressure in the hydrogen storage cylinder represented by 1 was decreased to 33 MPa; at this time, the N2 th hydrogen fuel cell vehicle cannot be driven;

the hydrogen storage bottles need to be switched continuously; switching the hydrogen storage bottle indicated by 1 to the hydrogen storage bottle indicated by 2 to continuously replenish the hydrogen gas;

closing the F1 valve, opening the F2 valve and the F7 valve, keeping the other valves in a closed state, and continuously filling the hydrogen gas of 45MPa in the hydrogen storage bottle indicated by 2 into the hydrogen fuel cell automobile of the N2 th hydrogen fuel cell automobile until the pressure is 35 MPa; at this time, the pressure in the 2 hydrogen storage bottles is reduced to 44MPa, and then; the N2 th hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is driven away;

…

so repeating;

n3 th hydrogen gas filling:

n3 th fuel cell car to hydrogen station;

the hydrogenation gun 8 is connected into a hydrogen storage bottle on the N3 th fuel cell automobile to be charged, a safety valve on the hydrogenation gun is opened, and the P7 detects that the residual pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle is 2.5MPa (the residual pressure of each coming fuel cell automobile is different):

Filling hydrogen from a hydrogen storage bottle shown as 1;

opening the F1, F7 valves, the other valves being in a closed state; measuring the mass by an M1 hydrogen mass meter, and displaying the gas adding amount to a user; hydrogen gas of 16MPa in a hydrogen storage bottle represented by 1 is added to 16MPa for a fuel cell automobile; the pressure in the hydrogen storage cylinder indicated by 1 was reduced to 16 MPa; the pressure in the hydrogen storage cylinder indicated by 1 was reduced to 16 MPa; at this time, the N3 th hydrogen fuel cell vehicle cannot be driven;

Closing the F1 valve, opening the F2 valve and the F7 valve, keeping the other valves in a closed state, and continuously filling 35MPa hydrogen in a hydrogen storage bottle indicated by 2 into the N3 th hydrogen fuel cell automobile until the hydrogen is filled to 33 MPa; at this time, the pressure in the 2 hydrogen storage bottles is reduced to 33MPa, and then; the N2 th hydrogen fuel cell vehicle still cannot be driven;

the hydrogen storage bottles need to be switched continuously; switching the hydrogen storage bottle indicated by 2 to the hydrogen storage bottle indicated by 3, and continuously replenishing and filling hydrogen;

closing the F2 valve, opening the F3 valve and the F7 valve, keeping the other valves in a closed state, and continuously filling the hydrogen gas of 45MPa in the hydrogen storage bottle indicated by 3 into the hydrogen gas of 35MPa of the N3 hydrogen fuel cell automobile; at this time, the pressure in the 3 hydrogen storage bottles is reduced to 44MPa, and then; the N3 th hydrogen fuel cell vehicle can be driven away;

…

the rule of multistage filling of hydrogen is as follows: every time, hydrogen is filled from the lowest hydrogen storage bottle, the hydrogen is gradually transited to high-pressure hydrogen, and the hydrogen storage bottle on the fuel cell automobile is gradually filled to the rated pressure of 35 MPa.

so repeating;

filling hydrogen from the hydrogen storage bottle shown as the first 1 every time, continuously filling hydrogen in the second hydrogen storage bottle, namely the hydrogen storage bottle shown as the second 2 after the hydrogen storage bottle shown as the first 1 is balanced with the hydrogen fuel cell automobile and does not reach 35MPa, and continuously filling hydrogen in the third hydrogen storage bottle, namely the hydrogen storage bottle shown as the third 3 if the hydrogen storage bottle does not reach 35MPa, until the hydrogen pressure in the third hydrogen storage bottle, namely the hydrogen storage bottle shown as the third 3 is 35 MPa; at this time, the residual pressures in the first and second hydrogen storage bottles may be 8MPa and 30MPa, respectively; at the moment, the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailers represented by 1, 2 and 3 have more residual hydrogen, namely 8MPa, 30MPa and 35MPa respectively, and the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailers are obviously uneconomical to be recharged to a hydrogen production plant;

To summarize: the 45MPa hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer and the hydrogenation machine complete the filling of hydrogen into the hydrogen fuel cell to 35MPa, run out high-pressure hydrogen, and the rest medium-pressure hydrogen and low-pressure hydrogen, namely hydrogen below 35 MPa.

the trailer of the hydrogen storage cylinder group can not be driven away, and the compressor is required to unload the residual medium and low hydrogen;

The specific process flow is as follows:

F3 and F41 are opened first, and other valves are closed, so that the two hydrogen storage bottles are balanced in pressure, and the compressor is saved to work; after the balance is carried out,

opening F3 and F4; the other valves are closed; the compressor does work, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle 3 is pumped, compressed and filled into the hydrogen storage bottle 4; i.e., unloading the remaining hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage cylinder 3;

by analogy, the hydrogen storage bottles 2 and 1 are respectively unloaded and filled into the hydrogen storage bottles 5 and 6;

the compressor is pumped (unloaded) and filled into the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station, and the pumping (unloading) is complete; the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer has high utilization rate.

in fig. 1, hydrogen pressures of hydrogen storage bottles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are respectively as follows:

1. 1, 34, 29, 7 MPa; the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer is driven away and is reconnected to the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer which provides 45MPa hydrogen;

45、45、45、34、29、7MPa；

three hydrogen storage bottles are arranged on the trailer of the hydrogen storage bottle group, three hydrogen storage bottles are arranged in the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station, six hydrogen storage bottles are counted, each hydrogen storage bottle pipeline is provided with a valve and a pressure sensor, and the six hydrogen storage bottles are used as an air inlet pipeline of the hydrogenation machine in a parallel connection mode; a six-stage hydrogen filling system is formed by the hydrogen filling system, a hydrogen quality meter, a valve, a pressure sensor and a hydrogenation gun gas outlet pipeline on the hydrogenation machine;

the working principle of a six-stage hydrogen filling system is as follows:

six cycles

I＝6

when I ═ 1;

the F6 valve is opened, the F7 valve is opened; the other valves are closed;

the 6 th hydrogen storage bottle charges hydrogen to the fuel cell;

judging whether P7 is equal to 35 MPa; whether P1 is equal to 35 MPa;

If not, continuing to circulate; assigning a value to the variable I, namely adding '1';

When I ═ 2;

the F5 valve is opened, the F7 valve is opened; the other valves are closed;

the 5 th hydrogen storage bottle charges hydrogen to the fuel cell;

judging whether P7 is equal to 35 MPa; whether P1 is equal to 35 MPa;

when I ═ 3;

the F4 valve is opened, the F7 valve is opened; the other valves are closed;

The 4 th hydrogen storage bottle charges hydrogen to the fuel cell;

judging whether P7 is equal to 35 MPa; whether P1 is equal to 35 MPa;

when I ═ 4;

The F3 valve is opened, the F7 valve is opened; the other valves are closed;

The 3 rd hydrogen storage bottle charges hydrogen to the fuel cell;

judging whether P7 is equal to 35 MPa; whether P1 is equal to 35 MPa;

when I ═ 5;

the F2 valve is opened, the F7 valve is opened; the other valves are closed;

the 2 nd hydrogen storage bottle charges hydrogen to the fuel cell;

judging whether P7 is equal to 35 MPa; whether P1 is equal to 35 MPa;

when I ═ 6;

the F1 valve is opened, the F7 valve is opened; the other valves are closed;

the 1 st hydrogen storage bottle charges hydrogen to the fuel cell;

judging whether P7 is equal to 35 MPa; whether P1 is equal to 35 MPa;

It is here judged that P7 is equal to 35 MPa; p1 not equal to 35 MPa;

continuing to fill the next fuel cell vehicle;

The loop is restarted, assigning I a value equal to 1

If P1 equals 35 MPa;

repeating the above action, starting the compressor to repeat the above action.

example 2

The hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer provides 45MPa hydrogen, meets the technical condition that the rated pressure is more than 35MPa, and how to charge the hydrogen to the fuel cell to 70 MPa.

in fig. 1, the hydrogen pressures in the hydrogen storage bottles 1, 2 and 3 are respectively: 45. 45 and 45 MPa;

the F3, F4 valves were opened, the other valves were closed (the left and right inlet valves to the hydrotreater were not included and were open), and the compressor was started. Pumping hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle 3, pressurizing and filling the hydrogen into the hydrogen storage bottle 4, wherein the pressure is 85 MPa;

1. 2 and 4, the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle is respectively as follows: 45. 45 and 85 MPa; the three-stage hydrogenation hydrogen system is formed, the hydrogen sequence of low, medium and high hydrogen storage bottles is met, no problem exists when the fuel cell with the rated pressure of 70MPa is fully charged, and the charging principle and the charging steps are the same. There is no repetition of tremble.

Example 3

In the whole technical scheme of the application, the step of regulating and controlling the pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle in the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer or the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station by the compressor comprises the step of pumping the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer or the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station by the compressor, pressurizing the hydrogen, and directly filling the hydrogen to the rated pressure in the fuel cell by the hydrogenation machine.

the specific structure of the hydrogenation machine is shown in the figures 1 and 2; the device is provided with an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline; for example, six hydrogen storage bottles are connected in parallel to serve as an air inlet of a hydrogenation machine; the left and right air inlet pipes in the hydrogenation machine 7 are also provided with left and right air inlet valves, which are respectively called as a left air inlet valve and a right air inlet valve and respectively correspond to a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles of a hydrogen storage bottle group trailer and a hydrogen storage bottle group on a station. The illustration is omitted and not shown.

when the left air inlet valve is closed, the right air inlet valve is opened, so that the hydrogen in any hydrogen storage bottle can be pumped by the compressor to be directly pressurized, and the hydrogen can be directly filled into the fuel cell through the hydrogenation machine. Namely valves F1, F2, F3, F41, F51, F61 on hydrogen storage bottles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; when any valve is opened, hydrogen is provided by the hydrogen storage bottle corresponding to the valve, the hydrogen is pressurized again by the compressor, and the hydrogen is directly pressurized by M1, F7 and 8 on the hydrogenation machine to charge the hydrogen for the fuel cell, wherein the valves of F4, F5 and F6 are closed, and F7 is opened;

therefore, the compressor can regulate and control the pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer or the hydrogen storage bottle group on the station, namely the compressor can extract the hydrogen of any hydrogen storage bottle, directly pressurize the hydrogen and directly fill the hydrogen into the fuel cell through the hydrogenation machine.

that is, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group trailer or station on the hydrogen storage bottle group is extracted by the compressor and is directly pressurized to charge the fuel cell to the rated pressure through the hydrogenation machine; "is within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. A hydrogenation station corresponding to a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer is a multi-stage hydrogen filling system consisting of the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer, a hydrogen storage cylinder group on the station, a compressor and a hydrogenation machine; the technical characteristics are as follows:

or,

2. a method for establishing a hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer corresponding hydrogenation station is a multi-stage hydrogen filling system consisting of the hydrogen storage cylinder group trailer, a hydrogen storage cylinder group on the station, a compressor and a hydrogenation machine; the technical characteristics are as follows:

or,