CN110541079A - Step hearth type electric furnace and method for reducing residues in furnace by using same - Google Patents
Step hearth type electric furnace and method for reducing residues in furnace by using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN110541079A CN110541079A CN201910954217.9A CN201910954217A CN110541079A CN 110541079 A CN110541079 A CN 110541079A CN 201910954217 A CN201910954217 A CN 201910954217A CN 110541079 A CN110541079 A CN 110541079A
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- furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1218—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a stepped hearth type electric furnace and a method for reducing residues in the furnace by using the same, and belongs to the technical field of steel smelting. The invention provides a stepped furnace bottom type electric furnace, aiming at solving the problems of long slag discharging time, large slag remaining amount in the furnace and the like in the process of treating high-titanium blast furnace slag by the conventional high-temperature carbonization process, wherein the electric furnace adopts a 2-5-layer stepped furnace bottom, the furnace bottom is made of refractory bricks, the height difference of adjacent steps is 50-200 mm, and the width of each step is 300-2500 mm; and the auxiliary adjustment of a smelting power transmission system achieves the aims of shortening the slag tapping time, reducing the residual slag quantity in the electric furnace slag smelting process and reducing the smelting power consumption, and brings additional benefits of shortening the smelting period, improving the production efficiency of the electric furnace, reducing the production cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and particularly relates to a stepped hearth type electric furnace and a method for reducing residues in the electric furnace by using the same.
Background
The Panzhihua area contains abundant titanium resources, which account for more than 90% of the titanium resource amount in China. The steel climbing adopts a main process route of selecting iron first and then selecting titanium, and the titanium resource finally enters blast furnace slag through the traditional blast furnace ironmaking process, so the steel climbing blast furnace slag is the special high-titanium blast furnace slag produced by smelting vanadium titano-magnetite, and the content of TiO2 is about 20-24%. In order to extract titanium in blast furnace slag, a plurality of research institutes in China carry out research, and at present, a process route of high-titanium type blast furnace slag 'high-temperature carbonization-low-temperature chlorination of carbide slag to prepare TiCl 4' is one of the most promising technical routes with industrial prospects.
The high-temperature carbonization process is characterized in that a three-phase alternating current electric furnace is used for reducing high-titanium blast furnace slag by a carbonaceous reducing agent at the temperature of 1400-1700 ℃, the smelting process is divided into a heating stage of the blast furnace slag and a smelting stage of adding the carbonaceous reducing agent, and slag is discharged from a furnace opening after the smelting is finished. At present, because a hearth of a carbonization electric furnace is large, and a reducing product TiC of titanium-containing slag has a melting point of 3140 ℃ and is suspended in molten slag as solid particles, the viscosity of the molten slag is large, the flowing property is poor, and the residual slag in the furnace is large in the slag discharging process of the carbonization electric furnace. Aiming at the problem, the design of the stepped furnace bottom is matched with the adjustment of a power transmission system, so that the aims of reducing the residual slag amount in the furnace and reducing the smelting power consumption are fulfilled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of long slag discharging time, large slag remaining amount in a furnace and the like in the process of treating high-titanium blast furnace slag by using the conventional high-temperature carbonization process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is to provide the electric furnace with the stepped furnace bottom, the electric furnace comprises 2-5 layers of stepped furnace bottoms (1), a flat bottom area (2) is arranged on each stepped furnace bottom (1), and the flat bottom area (2) is communicated with a slag outlet.
In the stepped furnace bottom type electric furnace, the height difference of adjacent steps in the stepped furnace bottom (1) is 50-200 mm.
Wherein, in the step hearth type electric furnace: the stepped furnace bottom (1) is vertically built by adopting refractory bricks with the same thickness, the same width and different lengths to form steps.
Wherein, in the step hearth type electric furnace: the width of the step in the stepped furnace bottom (1) is 300-2500 mm.
The invention also provides a method for reducing residues in the furnace by using the stepped-hearth electric furnace, which comprises the following steps: in the process of smelting slag by using the electric furnace, the electric furnace adopts a stepped furnace bottom design and is matched with a smelting power transmission system, so that the aims of shortening the slag tapping time and reducing the residual slag amount in the electric furnace are fulfilled.
In the method for reducing the residues in the furnace, the smelting power transmission system comprises that the distance from a lower inserted electrode to the furnace bottom is 300-500 mm in the smelting process, the power transmission power is 100-120% of the rated power, and the slag tapping temperature is more than or equal to 1600 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention adopts the stepped furnace bottom design with different heights and is matched with a smelting power transmission system, thereby achieving the purposes of shortening the slag tapping time, reducing the residual slag quantity in the electric furnace in the slag smelting process of the electric furnace and reducing the smelting power consumption, and simultaneously bringing additional benefits of shortening the smelting period, improving the production efficiency of the electric furnace, reducing the production cost and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a stepped hearth electric furnace of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the stepped hearth type electric furnace of the present invention, in which 1 is a stepped hearth, 2 is a flat bottom region, 3 is a pole center circle, and 4 is an electrode.
Detailed Description
because the viscosity of the slag is higher, the diameter of the hearth is larger, the temperature of the slag close to the furnace wall is lower than that of the slag in the central area, the fluidity of the slag close to the furnace wall is poor, and the slag close to the furnace wall in the electric furnace is easier to sink by utilizing the difference of the heights of refractory bricks at the furnace bottom and is finally discharged through a slag outlet. Based on the design, the invention firstly designs the step hearth type electric furnace which comprises 2-5 layers of step hearth (1), wherein the step hearth (1) is provided with a flat bottom area (2), and the flat bottom area (2) is communicated with a slag outlet. The width of the flat bottom area (2) is 3-6 times of the diameter of the slag outlet.
The height difference of adjacent steps in the step type furnace bottom (1) in the electric furnace is 50-200 mm, and the steps are formed by adopting refractory bricks with the same thickness, the same width and different lengths and building vertically. The width of each step needs to consider the size of the area from the inner wall of the furnace lining of the electric furnace to the electrode pole center circle, and the width of the step is reasonably set. Aiming at the specification of the existing electric furnace, the width of the step is designed to be 300-2500 mm, so that the quality of the molten slag in the lowest step is ensured to be less than 5% of the nominal capacity of the electric furnace, and the smelting and slag discharging efficiency is ensured.
On the basis of utilizing the step hearth type electric furnace, the invention is also assisted by improvement of a smelting system to reduce residues in the furnace, and the operation comprises the following steps: in the process of smelting slag by using the electric furnace, the electric furnace adopts the stepped furnace bottom and is matched with a smelting power transmission system, so that the aims of shortening the slag tapping time and reducing the residual slag amount in the electric furnace are fulfilled.
The adjustment of the smelting power transmission system comprises the steps of inserting an electrode downwards to the furnace bottom with the distance of 300-500 mm, increasing the power transmission power before opening the furnace mouth to 100-120% of rated power, and properly increasing the slag temperature to be more than or equal to 1600 ℃, so that the viscosity of the slag is increased, and the fluidity of the slag is improved.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A25.5 MVA and 60t circular electric furnace of a certain company is adopted to smelt the titanium-containing blast furnace slag with 21-23% of TiO2, and after smelting is finished, the main components of the molten slag are as follows: 10-16% of TiC, 25-30% of CaO, 7-12% of MgO, 310-15% of Al2O and 221-25% of SiO. The bottom of the electric furnace adopts 4 steps with different heights, the height difference of the adjacent steps is 100mm, and the width of each 4 steps is 450 mm. When smelting is close to the reaction end point, the distance from the lower inserted electrode to the furnace bottom is 350-400 mm, the power transmission power is controlled to be 105-110% of the rated power, and the slag discharging temperature is controlled to be 1640-1660 ℃. Before the method is not used, the 60t slag discharging time is about 80min, the fixed slag quantity at the bottom of the furnace is 35-45 t of slag, after the method is adopted, the slag discharging time is shortened by 30min, the slag quantity at the bottom of the furnace is reduced to 7t of slag, and the average smelting power consumption is reduced by 5400 kWh/heat.
Claims (6)
1. Ladder stove bottom formula electric stove, its characterized in that: the furnace comprises 2-5 layers of stepped furnace bottoms (1), wherein the stepped furnace bottoms (1) are provided with a flat bottom area (2), and the flat bottom area (2) is communicated with a slag outlet.
2. The stepped hearth electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the height difference of adjacent steps in the stepped furnace bottom (1) is 50-200 mm.
3. The stepped hearth electric furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the stepped furnace bottom (1) is vertically built by adopting refractory bricks with the same thickness, the same width and different lengths to form steps.
4. The stepped hearth type electric furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the width of the step in the stepped furnace bottom (1) is 300-2500 mm.
5. A method for reducing the amount of slag in a stepped hearth electric furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising: in the process of smelting slag by using the electric furnace, the electric furnace adopts a stepped furnace bottom design and is matched with a smelting power transmission system, so that the aims of shortening the slag tapping time and reducing the residual slag amount in the electric furnace are fulfilled.
6. The method of reducing slag in a stepped hearth electric furnace according to claim 5, wherein: the smelting power transmission system comprises that the distance from a lower inserted electrode to the furnace bottom is 300-500 mm in the smelting process, the power transmission power is 100-120% of the rated power, and the slag tapping temperature is more than or equal to 1600 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910954217.9A CN110541079A (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | Step hearth type electric furnace and method for reducing residues in furnace by using same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910954217.9A CN110541079A (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | Step hearth type electric furnace and method for reducing residues in furnace by using same |
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| CN110541079A true CN110541079A (en) | 2019-12-06 |
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| CN201910954217.9A Pending CN110541079A (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | Step hearth type electric furnace and method for reducing residues in furnace by using same |
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201421254Y (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-03-10 | 通化钢铁股份有限公司第一炼钢厂 | Electric furnace bottom with gas blowing stirring function |
| CN201561646U (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2010-08-25 | 垣曲县华盛冶金技术有限公司 | Copper-nickel ore smelting furnace |
| CN105385806A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-03-09 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Furnace protection method for controlling rising of bottom of carbonized electric furnace and splashing of slag on wall of furnace |
| CN108050832A (en) * | 2017-12-16 | 2018-05-18 | 江苏巨盈节能环保科技有限公司 | Energy-saving electrical furnace system |
| CN108165773A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-06-15 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | Hot carbide slag granulation and grain slag separation method |
| CN108168302A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-15 | 韶关保绿环保科技股份有限公司 | Hazardous waste smelting apparatus, system and material processing method |
| CN110073160A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2019-07-30 | 日本制铁株式会社 | Electric furnace |
-
2019
- 2019-10-09 CN CN201910954217.9A patent/CN110541079A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201421254Y (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-03-10 | 通化钢铁股份有限公司第一炼钢厂 | Electric furnace bottom with gas blowing stirring function |
| CN201561646U (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2010-08-25 | 垣曲县华盛冶金技术有限公司 | Copper-nickel ore smelting furnace |
| CN105385806A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-03-09 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Furnace protection method for controlling rising of bottom of carbonized electric furnace and splashing of slag on wall of furnace |
| CN110073160A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2019-07-30 | 日本制铁株式会社 | Electric furnace |
| CN108050832A (en) * | 2017-12-16 | 2018-05-18 | 江苏巨盈节能环保科技有限公司 | Energy-saving electrical furnace system |
| CN108168302A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-15 | 韶关保绿环保科技股份有限公司 | Hazardous waste smelting apparatus, system and material processing method |
| CN108165773A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-06-15 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | Hot carbide slag granulation and grain slag separation method |
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Application publication date: 20191206 |