CN110538361A - 一种安全弹射静脉针 - Google Patents

一种安全弹射静脉针 Download PDF

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CN110538361A
CN110538361A CN201910963151.XA CN201910963151A CN110538361A CN 110538361 A CN110538361 A CN 110538361A CN 201910963151 A CN201910963151 A CN 201910963151A CN 110538361 A CN110538361 A CN 110538361A
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needle
sheath
base
clamping structure
sliding groove
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CN110538361B (zh
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刘辉
范文斌
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JIANGSU KANGBAO MEDICAL EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
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JIANGSU KANGBAO MEDICAL EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
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Priority to CN201910963151.XA priority Critical patent/CN110538361B/zh
Priority to ES19948772T priority patent/ES2964199T3/es
Priority to US17/767,936 priority patent/US11638789B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/112210 priority patent/WO2021068280A1/zh
Priority to EP19948772.9A priority patent/EP4043048B1/en
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
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    • A61B5/150015—Source of blood
    • A61B5/15003—Source of blood for venous or arterial blood
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B5/150541—Breakable protectors, e.g. caps, shields or sleeves, i.e. protectors separated destructively, e.g. by breaking a connecting area
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    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种安全弹射静脉针，包括护套、针座、和固定于针座上的针管，还包括基座，基座上设置有容置腔室，针座固定于容置腔室内且针管露出容置腔室外；护套罩住针管，底部位于容置腔室内，并设置有第一限位结构，容置腔室的顶部设置有与第一限位结构配合的第二限位结构，容置腔室内设置有弹性元件，弹性元件抵住护套的底端；基座的顶部设置有第一卡接结构，底部设置有第二卡接结构，护套上设置有与第一卡接结构和第二卡接结构配合的第三卡卡接结构。本发明提供的安全弹射静脉针，可防止操作人员在拿取的过程中误将护套碰掉而被扎伤。

Description

一种安全弹射静脉针
技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及一种安全弹射静脉针。
背景技术
静脉针是常用的一种医疗器械，临床上主要用于静脉输液、输血或采血，现有的静脉针主要由针管、针座和护套组成，为了便于操作，一般针座的底部一般还设置叶片，针管固定在针座上，护套套在针管上，这种结构，护套只是套在针管上，如果使用橡胶等摩擦力较大的材料制作，护套和针管连接的更牢固，但是针尖容易穿过而刺伤操作人员，因此，护套往往用硬质材料制作，这样，护套和针管之间缝隙较大，连接的不是很牢固，操作人员在拿取的过程中，容易误将护套碰掉而被扎伤。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供了一种解决上述技术问题的安全弹射静脉针。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明提供的技术方案如下：
一种安全弹射静脉针，包括护套、针座、和固定于针座上的针管，还包括基座，所述基座上设置有容置腔室，所述针座固定于所述容置腔室内且所述针管露出所述容置腔室外；所述护套罩住所述针管，底部位于所述容置腔室内，并设置有第一限位结构，所述容置腔室的顶部设置有与所述第一限位结构配合的第二限位结构，所述容置腔室内设置有弹性元件，所述弹性元件抵住所述护套的底端；所述基座的顶部设置有第一卡接结构，底部设置有第二卡接结构，所述护套上设置有与所述第一卡接结构和第二卡接结构配合的第三卡卡接结构；原始状态下，所述第一卡接结构与所述第三卡接结构连接，在受第一外力的作用下，所述第一卡接结构能够与所述第三卡接结构脱离；在所述第一卡接结构与所述第二卡接结构脱离的状态下，且受第二外力的作用下，所述护套能够向靠近所述弹性元件的方向滑动直至第二卡接结构与所述第三卡接结构连接，使得针管露出所述护套外，所述第一外力和所述第二外力在不同方向上。
本发明提供的安全弹射静脉针，使用前，针管被护套罩住，防止针管尖端锐利部分伤人；弹性元件抵住护套的底端，使护套不容易后退，第一限位机构和第二限位机构配合，防止护套被碰掉而脱离基座而起不到防护作用，第一卡接结构和第三卡接结构配合，防止护套受力后退而露出针管尖端露出伤人，由于第一外力和第二外力在不同方向上，因此人们即使误碰到护套护套也不会移动；
使用时，给第三卡接结构施加第一外力，使得第一卡接结构与第三卡接结构脱离，然后施加第二外力使得护套向靠近弹性元件的方向滑动直至第二卡接结构与第三卡接结构连接，使得针管露出所述护套外，此时弹性元件蓄能，由于第二卡接结构与第三卡接结构连接限制了护套向上移动，因此医务人员可以正常使用该产品。
作为一种优选的实施方式，在第三外力的作用下，所述第二卡接结构能够与所述第三卡接结构脱离，在弹性元件的作用下使所述护套能够恢复到原始状态，所述第三外力与所述弹性元件对护套的作用力在不同方向上。这种结构，在该安全弹射静脉针被使用后能够恢复到原始状态，从而在使用前后均能防止针管尖端露出护套而伤人，由于第三外力与所述弹性元件对护套的作用力不同方向上，因此护套不会误反弹而影响使用。
作为一种优选的实施方式，所述第一限位结构为止回片，所述第二限位结构为止回限位圈。这种接结构护套被固定的更牢固。
作为一种优选的实施方式，所述基座的一侧贯穿设置有一下滑槽，所述下滑槽的底部设置有一下锁槽，所述下锁槽形成所述第二卡接结构；所述基座的顶部设置有叶片，所述叶片顶部设置有上锁槽，所述上锁槽的下方贯穿设置有一上滑槽，所述上滑槽与所述下滑槽连通，所述上滑槽以及所述上锁槽形成所述第一卡接结构；所述护套上设置有扣锁，扣锁顶部设有与所述上锁槽配合的上锁钩，底部设有与所述下锁槽配合的下锁钩，所述上锁钩朝下设置，所述下锁钩朝上设置，所述上锁钩和所述下锁钩形成所述第三卡接结构。这种结构简单，使用方便。
作为一种优选的实施方式，所述扣锁上位于所述上锁钩和所述下锁钩之间的位置设置有连接座，所述连接座与所述护套连接；所述连接座与所述上滑槽和下滑槽组合形成的贯通滑槽滑动连接。通过设置连接座，更方便医务人员操作。
具体的，所述上锁钩和下锁钩均为10-70°角形成的钩。
具体的，所述弹性元件为弹簧，所述弹簧套于所述针座上。
为了便于连接导管，所述针座未与所述针管连接的一端穿出所述基座。
优选的，所述针座未与所述针管连接的一端连接有导管，以便于使用。
优选的，所述基座的形状为圆柱形，以适应该产品使用。
附图说明
图1示出了本发明的一种安全弹射静脉针的分解结构示意图；
图2示出了本发明的一种安全弹射静脉针的爆炸结构示意图；
图3示出了本发明的一种安全弹射静脉针的原始状态示意图；
图4示出了本发明的一种安全弹射静脉针的使用状态示意图；
图5示出了本发明的一种安全弹射静脉针的使用后恢复状态示意图；
图中标记：护套1、扣锁11、锁扣顶部111、锁扣底部112、连接座113、上锁钩12、下锁钩13、止回片14、叶片2、上锁槽21、上滑槽22、针座3、下锁槽31、下滑槽32、针管33、止回限位圈34、基座35、弹簧4、导管5。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供了一种安全弹射静脉针，参见图1和图2，包括护套1、针座3、和固定于针座上的针管33，其特征在于,还包括基座35，所述基座上设置有容置腔室，基座形状一般可设置以为圆柱形，相应的容置腔室的形状也可以设置为圆柱形，所述针座固定于所述容置腔室内且所述针管露出所述容置腔室外；所述护套罩住所述针管，底部位于所述容置腔室内，并设置有止回片14，所述容置腔室的顶部设置有与所述止回片配合的止回限位圈34止回限位圈一般为圆台形圈，与基座为一体设置的，所述容置腔室内设置有弹簧4，所述弹簧套于所述针座上，并抵住所述护套的底端；所述基座的一侧贯穿设置有一下滑槽32，所述下滑槽32的底部设置有一下锁槽31，所述下锁槽形成所述第二卡接结构；所述基座的顶部设置有叶片2，所述叶片顶部设置有上锁槽21，所述上锁槽的下方贯穿设置有一上滑槽22，所述上滑槽与所述下滑槽连通，所述上滑槽以及所述上锁槽形成所述第一卡接结构，其中翅片还可以一体设置一圆筒，以便于和圆柱形基座连接；所述护套上设置有扣锁11，扣锁11顶部设有与所述上锁槽配合的上锁钩12，底部设有与所述下锁槽配合的下锁钩13，所述上锁钩朝下设置，所述下锁钩朝上设置，所述上锁钩和所述下锁钩形成所述第三卡接结构。所述扣锁上位于所述上锁钩和所述下锁钩之间的位置设置有连接座113，所述连接座与所述护套连接，连接座和保护套以及扣锁一般一体设置，所述连接座与所述上滑槽22和下滑槽32组合形成的贯通滑槽滑动连接。
上述安全弹射静脉针各部分结构功能的使用步骤如下：
本发明产品出厂状态如图3所示，针管33被外部环抱的护套1保护着，防止针管尖端锐利部分伤人，弹簧4处于舒张状态，上下两端分别抵触止回片14和基座35底部。此时，扣锁11顶部的上锁钩12牢牢锁扣于叶片2顶部的上锁槽21内，限制护套1的自由滑动，防止误触导致针管33露出锐利尖端伤人。
使用时，医务人员从消毒包装中取出本安全弹射静脉针后，手指轻轻按压锁扣11底部112位置，使得上锁钩12从出厂锁定位置的锁槽21内脱离，以便于护套1上的连接座113可以在外力作用下，沿着上滑槽22和下滑槽32组合形成贯通平滑的滑槽中向下滑动至滑槽底部，以便下锁钩13勾住下锁槽31，从而进入护套保险状态，如图4所示。至此，安全弹射静脉针完成血管穿刺前的准备工作，可由医务人员进行相应的治疗应用。
当医务人员使用完毕后，静脉针则可以废弃，此时，手指轻轻按压锁扣11底部112位置并稍向后拉，以便下锁钩13脱离下锁槽31，从而解除护套保险状态。然后，手指松离锁扣11底部112位置，则护套1在弹簧4的弹力作用下沿着上滑槽22和下滑槽32组合形成贯通平滑的滑槽中向上弹射。由于弹射的惯性作用，止回片14将越过止回限位圈34，从而使得护套1牢牢限位于基座35顶部开口端上方，则护套1完全包裹着针管33的锐利针尖，如图5所示，不会有二次伤人的风险。上述操作中也可以直接按压锁扣11顶部111位置使得下锁钩13脱离下锁槽31，一般的所述上锁钩和下锁钩均为10-70°角形成的钩。
需要说明的是，上述方案只是一种优选的技术方案，其中，止回片和止回限位圈也可以用其它的限位结构替代，只要能实现限位功能即可，弹簧也可以使用弹片等现有的弹性元件，这是本领域技术人员熟知的，此处不再赘述。上述的第一卡接结构、第二卡接结构和第三卡接结构也可以使用其它的卡接结构。为了便于连接导管，所述针座未与所述针管连接的一端穿出所述基座。当然所述针座未与所述针管连接的一端也可以直接连接有导管5。导管上还可以连接鲁尔接头以便于使用。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种安全弹射静脉针，包括护套(1)、针座(3)、和固定于针座上的针管(33)，其特征在于,还包括基座(35)，所述基座上设置有容置腔室，所述针座固定于所述容置腔室内且所述针管露出所述容置腔室外；
所述护套罩住所述针管，底部位于所述容置腔室内，并设置有第一限位结构，所述容置腔室的顶部设置有与所述第一限位结构配合的第二限位结构，所述容置腔室内设置有弹性元件，所述弹性元件抵住所述护套的底端；
所述基座的顶部设置有第一卡接结构，底部设置有第二卡接结构，所述护套上设置有与所述第一卡接结构和第二卡接结构配合的第三卡卡接结构；
原始状态下，所述第一卡接结构与所述第三卡接结构连接，在受第一外力的作用下，所述第一卡接结构能够与所述第三卡接结构脱离；
在所述第一卡接结构与所述第二卡接结构脱离的状态下，且受第二外力的作用下，所述护套能够向靠近所述弹性元件的方向滑动直至第二卡接结构与所述第三卡接结构连接，使得针管露出所述护套外，所述第一外力和所述第二外力在不同方向上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种安全弹射静脉针，其特征在于，在第三外力的作用下，所述第二卡接结构能够与所述第三卡接结构脱离，在弹性元件的作用下使所述护套能够恢复到原始状态，所述第三外力与所述弹性元件对护套的作用力在不同方向上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种安全弹射静脉针，其特征在于，所述第一限位结构为止回片(14)，所述第二限位结构为止回限位圈(34)。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种安全弹射静脉针，其特征在于，所述基座的一侧贯穿设置有一下滑槽(32)，所述下滑槽(32)的底部设置有一下锁槽(31)，所述下锁槽形成所述第二卡接结构；
所述基座的顶部设置有叶片(2)，所述叶片顶部设置有上锁槽(21)，所述上锁槽的下方贯穿设置有一上滑槽(22)，所述上滑槽与所述下滑槽连通，所述上滑槽以及所述上锁槽形成所述第一卡接结构；
所述护套上设置有扣锁(11)，扣锁(11)顶部设有与所述上锁槽配合的上锁钩(12)，底部设有与所述下锁槽配合的下锁钩(13)，所述上锁钩朝下设置，所述下锁钩朝上设置，所述上锁钩和所述下锁钩形成所述第三卡接结构。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种安全弹射静脉针，其特征在于，所述扣锁上位于所述上锁钩和所述下锁钩之间的位置设置有连接座(113)，所述连接座与所述护套连接；
所述连接座与所述上滑槽(22)和下滑槽(32)组合形成的贯通滑槽滑动连接。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种安全弹射静脉针，其特征在于，所述上锁钩和下锁钩均为10-70°角形成的钩。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种安全弹射静脉针，其特征在于，所述弹性元件为弹簧(4)，所述弹簧套于所述针座上。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种安全弹射静脉针，其特征在于，所述针座未与所述针管连接的一端穿出所述基座。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种安全弹射静脉针，其特征在于，所述针座未与所述针管连接的一端连接有导管(5)。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种安全弹射静脉针，其特征在于，所述基座的形状为圆柱形。
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