CN110535154B - Energy storage system based on SOC management and control method thereof - Google Patents
Energy storage system based on SOC management and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an energy storage system based on SOC management and a control method thereof, wherein the energy storage system comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of obtaining demand management target power and peak clipping and valley filling target power of an energy storage system, judging whether the SOC of the energy storage system is larger than a preset demand electricity supply threshold, determining a target power instruction of the energy storage system according to the peak clipping and valley filling target power when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged or stand-by, determining the target power instruction of the energy storage system according to the peak clipping and valley filling target power when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, determining the target power instruction of the energy storage system according to the deep discharge requirement of the two target powers when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, and controlling the energy storage system to execute corresponding actions according to the target power instruction of the energy storage system to improve the economy of the energy storage system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power grids, and particularly relates to an energy storage system based on SOC management and a control method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of technologies such as batteries, inverters, micro-grids and the like, the power field service operation using an energy storage system as a carrier is generated, and the main applications of the current power field service are peak clipping, valley filling, demand management and frequency modulation.
For the synergy of peak clipping and valley filling and demand management, the existing solutions in the prior art are: when the current time reaches the peak electricity price period and the flat electricity price period, acquiring the actual use power of a current PCC (Point of Common Coupling) Point from an electricity meter; and when the actual use power is smaller than the preset reporting demand power, discharging according to a preset discharging proportion.
However, in the above technical solution, the cooperative control is only performed in the peak electricity price period and the flat electricity price period, and the cooperative control is not performed in the valley electricity price period, and the preset discharge ratio is fixed and cannot be changed according to the change of the current electric quantity of the battery, which causes that if the preset discharge ratio is set to be small, the current remaining electric quantity of the battery is discharged in advance, and there is an idle period in which demand management cannot be performed, and if the preset discharge ratio is set to be large, the current remaining electric quantity of the battery cannot be completely discharged, and further, the configuration of the battery has redundancy, so that the energy storage system cannot be comprehensively and cooperatively controlled, and the economy is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides an energy storage system based on SOC management and a control method thereof, so as to solve the problems that the energy storage system cannot be comprehensively and cooperatively controlled and the economy is poor.
The invention discloses a control method of an energy storage system based on SOC management, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring demand management target power and peak clipping and valley filling target power of the energy storage system;
judging whether the SOC of the energy storage system is larger than a preset demand power supply threshold value or not;
if the SOC of the energy storage system is larger than the preset demand standby power threshold, determining a target power instruction of the energy storage system based on the peak clipping and valley filling target power when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged or standby, and based on one of two target powers requiring the deep discharge when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged;
if the SOC of the energy storage system is less than or equal to the preset demand power supply threshold, taking the demand management target power as priority, and determining a target power instruction of the energy storage system;
controlling the energy storage system to execute corresponding actions according to the target power instruction of the energy storage system; the corresponding actions include: any one of charging, discharging, and standby.
Optionally, if the SOC of the energy storage system is greater than the preset demand reserve power threshold, when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged or standby, taking the peak clipping and valley filling target power as a reference, the method includes:
when the SOC of the energy storage system is larger than the preset demand standby power threshold, if any one of the following conditions is met: the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to be in a standby state and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be in a standby state, the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be in a standby state, the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to be charged and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged, the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged, and the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to be in a standby state and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged, and the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to be charged and the load balancing target power is used as a target power instruction of the energy storage system.
Optionally, if the SOC of the energy storage system is greater than the preset demand standby power threshold, when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to discharge, taking the deeper one of the two target powers as a reference, the method includes:
when the SOC of the energy storage system is larger than the preset demand power supply threshold value, if the peak clipping and valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to discharge and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to discharge, taking the deepest one of the peak clipping and valley filling target power and the demand management target power as a target power instruction of the energy storage system; wherein, the largest one of the absolute values of the two target powers is the deepest one required to discharge;
when the SOC of the energy storage system is larger than the preset demand power supply threshold value, if the peak clipping and valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to be in a standby state and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, or the peak clipping and valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to be charged and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, the demand management target power is used as a target power instruction of the energy storage system.
Optionally, if the SOC of the energy storage system is less than or equal to the preset demand power supply threshold, determining a target power instruction of the energy storage system with the demand management target power as a priority, including:
when the SOC of the energy storage system is less than or equal to the preset demand standby power threshold, if any one of the following conditions is met: the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be in standby, the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be in standby, the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged and the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged, the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged and the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged, and the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be in standby and the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged, the load management target power is used as a target power instruction of the energy storage system.
Optionally, the determining a target power instruction of the energy storage system with the demand management target power as a priority further includes:
and if the peak clipping and valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to be charged and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be in a standby state, taking the peak clipping and valley filling target power as a target power instruction of the energy storage system.
Optionally, before determining the target power instruction of the energy storage system with priority given to the demand management target power, the method further includes:
judging whether the demand management target power requirement charging, the peak load shifting target power requirement discharging and the SOC of the energy storage system are in the dead zone range of the demand reserve power threshold value and are met simultaneously;
if the demand management target power requirement charging, the peak load shifting target power requirement discharging and the SOC of the energy storage system are in the dead zone range of the demand standby power threshold and are met simultaneously, taking zero as a target power instruction of the energy storage system;
and if the demand management target power requirement charging, the peak load shifting target power requirement discharging and the SOC of the energy storage system are not simultaneously met within the dead zone range of the demand standby power threshold, the step of determining the target power instruction of the energy storage system by taking the demand management target power as priority is executed.
Optionally, after the determining the target power of the energy storage system, the method further includes:
judging whether the load demand of the energy storage system is greater than a threshold value;
if the load demand of the energy storage system is larger than a threshold value, updating a target power instruction of the energy storage system by zero;
and if the load demand of the energy storage system is less than or equal to a threshold value, performing boundary check on the energy storage system.
Optionally, the threshold is MAX [ Qpcc, Q ] -P;
and Qpc is the real-time maximum demand of a public connection PCC point of the energy storage system, Q is the target demand of the energy storage system, and P is the chargeable power of the energy storage system.
Optionally, the performing a boundary check on the energy storage system includes:
judging whether the SOC of the energy storage system is greater than or equal to a preset discharging cut-off value of the energy storage system and less than or equal to a preset charging cut-off value;
and if the SOC of the energy storage system is smaller than a preset discharging cut-off value or larger than a preset charging cut-off value, updating the target power instruction of the energy storage system with zero.
Optionally, after determining whether the SOC of the energy storage system is greater than or equal to a preset discharge cutoff value and less than or equal to a preset charge cutoff value, if the SOC of the energy storage system is greater than or equal to the preset discharge cutoff value and less than or equal to the preset charge cutoff value, the method further includes:
judging whether a target power instruction of the energy storage system is greater than or equal to the opposite number of the available power of the energy storage system and is less than or equal to the available power of the energy storage system;
and if the target power instruction of the energy storage system is smaller than the opposite number of the available power of the energy storage system or larger than the available power of the energy storage system, updating the target power instruction of the energy storage system by the product of the opposite number of the available power and the available power.
The second aspect of the present invention discloses an energy storage system based on SOC management, comprising: the system comprises an energy storage battery, a battery management system, a converter and a controller;
the energy storage battery is connected with a power grid through a converter;
the controller is respectively connected with the battery management system and the converter;
the battery management system is used for acquiring data information of the energy storage battery and sending the acquired data information of the energy storage battery to the controller;
the controller is configured to execute the control method for the SOC-management-based energy storage system according to any one of the first aspect of the present invention.
According to the technical scheme, if the SOC of the energy storage system is greater than a preset demand power supply threshold, determining a target power instruction of the energy storage system on the basis of a peak clipping and valley filling target power when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged or stand-by, and determining a target power instruction of the energy storage system on the basis of one of two target powers with a deep discharging requirement when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, and determining the target power instruction of the energy storage system on the basis of the demand management target power with priority if the SOC of the energy storage system is less than or equal to the preset demand power supply threshold; therefore, the value of the target power instruction of the energy storage system is related to the SOC, the peak load shifting target power and the demand management target power of the energy storage system, and is not influenced by the electricity price time period, and the power price time period is cooperatively controlled no matter what time period the electricity price time period is; and according to the target power instruction of the energy storage system, the energy storage system is controlled to execute corresponding actions, so that the SOC of the energy storage system indirectly controls the energy storage system to charge, discharge or stand-by, the battery configuration redundancy caused by the fact that the energy storage system discharges electric quantity in advance and the electric quantity cannot be completely discharged is avoided, the energy storage system is low in utilization rate due to the fact that the energy storage system is not fully charged, the energy storage system is comprehensively and cooperatively controlled, and the economy of the energy storage system is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a control method of an energy storage system based on SOC management according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of another method for controlling an SOC managed energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another method for controlling an SOC managed energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of another method for controlling an SOC managed energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of another method for controlling an SOC managed energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6a is a graph of peak avoidance type load;
FIG. 6b is a trimodal load profile;
FIG. 6c is a graph of a bimodal load;
FIG. 6d is a graph of a bimodal load curve;
FIG. 6e is a random type load graph;
FIG. 6f is a smooth type load graph;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage system based on SOC management according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8a is a plot of power of a PCS versus NPV;
FIG. 8b is a plot of power of the PCS versus IRR;
fig. 8c is a graph of energy storage capacity versus IRR.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In this application, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
For ease of understanding, peak clipping and valley filling and demand management and its coordinated control are described herein as follows:
peak clipping and valley filling: the electricity prices of large industrial users in China mainly adopt a time-of-use selling mode, namely the electricity prices are respectively peak electricity prices, valley electricity prices and average electricity prices, and some regions even have tip electricity prices. The power grid adopts the pricing strategy to guide the off-peak power utilization of enterprise users, and the power utilization peak of the power grid is reduced.
The peak load shifting is also called peak load shifting, and the peak load shifting is a main profit mode of energy storage at the user side at present, namely, a user purchases electricity from a power grid and stores the electricity in an energy storage system during a valley electricity price period, and the electricity stored during the valley electricity price period is used for supplying required electricity during the peak electricity price period, so that the profit is realized by using the peak-valley electricity price difference, and the most critical point influencing the economy is that enough peak-valley electricity price difference exists, therefore, the peak load shifting has the functions of earning electricity price difference and reducing the peak of power utilization of the power grid.
Demand management: the main basis is 'two-part electricity price', and the enterprise user pays the basic electricity fee to the power grid according to the capacity of the transformer or the actual use demand besides the electricity fee paid each month. The demand management utilizes the energy storage equipment to discharge at the time of the demand peak of the user, thereby reducing the demand peak and saving the electricity expense.
The research of the inventor finds that the industrial load can be divided into five types. Here, five types of load curves are described, as follows:
(1) Peak avoidance: as shown in fig. 6a, when the peak of electricity consumption is at the valley electricity price, the enterprise adopts the production plan adjustment to respond to the peak-valley electricity price policy, and the enterprise has the characteristics of high automation degree and high energy consumption.
(2) Trimodal type: as shown in fig. 6b, at night 7-00, the peak of electricity utilization is.
(3) Bimodal type: as shown in fig. 6c and 6d, it has a load characteristic consistent with that of the whole grid, and is also the most common type of electricity, i.e. a typical "M" type load curve.
(4) Random type: as shown in fig. 6e, this type of users belong to non-continuous production enterprises, and have no fixed production plan, so that they can be encouraged to participate in demand management.
(5) And (3) stable type: as shown in fig. 6f, the power load is continuously high in the daytime, and the fluctuation of the power consumption is small, and such users are often enterprises with energy saving technology installed.
The peak avoidance type users do not produce or produce a small amount of products in the daytime, the load of a factory is low, the users produce the products in the nighttime, and the load of the factory is high. Therefore, peak avoidance users are not suitable for peak clipping and valley filling strategy control. Therefore, the design objects of the peak load shifting and demand management cooperative strategy are a trimodal type, a bimodal type, a random type and a stable type. For random type loads, it is not possible to predict in advance when a demand peak will come, i.e. to divide the random load curve into an output period, a standby period and a standby period. Regular (peak, bimodal and smooth) curve characteristics: in general, it is possible to specify in which time period the demand peak is located, and which time period does not occur. For example, in an enterprise with a load curve of a double peak type, the peak of demand is located in the working hours and is not located at the night valley.
Here, taking the bimodal form as an example, the economic analysis was performed as follows:
the method comprises the steps of setting different power/capacity configurations of the energy storage power station, analyzing project gains, and reflecting the demand management economy of the load characteristics from two parameters of IRR (Internal Rates of return) and NPV (NetPresentvalue).
The load curve, as shown in fig. 6d or 6c, is bimodal with two distinct peaks. According to the relationship graph of the PCS (Power Control System) and the NPV shown in fig. 8a, when the Power of the PCS increases, the NPV increases and then decreases until the Power of the PCS increases to a negative number, so that the NPV has a maximum value, and at this time, the net cash flow rate that can be obtained by the customer is the largest, as can be seen from fig. 8b and 8c, the IRR corresponding to the maximum value of the NPV is 18%. Therefore, when the PCS power is less than 0.5MW, the IRR is greater than 10%, and the economical efficiency is better. The most central key of the cooperative control problem is the priority problem of clearing demand management and peak clipping and valley filling under different scenes.
In terms of control characteristics, a control strategy is designed according to local peak-valley time period and price difference, and the control strategy is generally expressed in the form of one charging and one discharging and two charging and two discharging. Here, taking one charge and one discharge as an example for explanation, the two charge and two discharge principles are similar and are not described herein again, as follows:
in order to guarantee the benefits of peak clipping and valley filling, the battery power is completely released at the end of the peak electricity price period to obtain benefits, and the demand management cannot be carried out at the moment. Demand management charges peak demand electricity rates on a monthly peak demand basis from the grid, and, thus, without regard for algorithm failure, when any demand peak comes, the energy storage system needs full power response to ensure that the demand peak does not exceed the target demand in the current month.
The cooperative control characteristics are as follows: when the peak-valley arbitrage is discharged at full power, demand management is not needed, because the energy storage system reaches the maximum available discharge power, the peak-valley arbitrage is generally discharged at the maximum available power, namely, the peak-clipping valley-filling target power is the maximum available power, and when the peak-valley arbitrage completely discharges the electric quantity, the demand management cannot be carried out.
The cooperative control design should follow: for random loads, the peak demand may be at any time, and if the demand gain needs to be guaranteed, the capacity of the battery must be logically partitioned to guarantee that 24h has capacity to reduce the demand. For users with relatively regular loads, the demand for 24h is not needed for power supply. For example, a two-peak curve can clearly know that the demand peak is located in two working hours in the daytime, and therefore, power supply for demand is not needed at night, and the strategy in the daytime is finely adjusted according to the proportion of the energy storage system.
Therefore, other types than the peak avoidance type are applicable to the control method of the energy storage system based on SOC management provided by the present invention, but the random type is more applicable to the control of the energy storage system, and the implementation process and principle of the control method are referred to the following embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention provides a control method of an energy storage system based on SOC management, which aims to solve the problems that the energy storage system cannot be comprehensively and cooperatively controlled and is poor in economy. The control method, see fig. 1, comprises the following steps:
s101, acquiring demand management target power and peak clipping and valley filling target power of the energy storage system.
The demand management target power is the target power of a demand management control strategy in the energy storage system, and the peak clipping and valley filling target power is the target power of a peak clipping and valley filling control strategy.
S102, judging whether the SOC (State of Charge) of the energy storage system is larger than a preset demand power supply threshold value.
The SOC of the energy storage system may be obtained by a battery management system of the energy storage system, where the SOC is a ratio of a remaining capacity of the energy storage battery after being used for a period of time or left unused for a long period of time to a capacity of a fully charged state thereof, and is expressed in terms of percentage. The SOC =1 represents the full charge state of the energy storage battery, and the state of charge of the energy storage battery must be considered when controlling the operation of the energy storage battery so as to avoid the phenomenon of overcharge and overdischarge.
When the values of the SOCs are different, the charging and discharging capabilities of the energy storage system are different, and therefore under the condition that the charging and discharging capabilities of the energy storage system are different, the energy storage system is determined to be under different cooperative control, so that the executed action of the energy storage system is more fit with the charging and discharging capabilities of the energy storage system. The demand reserve power threshold is a critical point of peak clipping valley filling and priority division of demand management, and the possibility of insufficient power of the energy storage system when a demand peak comes is reduced. Generally, when the SOC is greater than the demand reserve threshold, which indicates that the electric quantity of the energy storage system is sufficient, peak-to-valley arbitrage, which is discharging to earn the electricity price difference, may be performed. When the SOC is smaller than the demand backup threshold, that is, the SOC of the energy storage system is relatively low, at this time, demand management may be performed to backup the energy storage system.
The required quantity power supply threshold value can be 10%, and certainly can be other values, and the required quantity power supply threshold value is determined according to actual conditions and is within the protection range of the application.
If the SOC of the energy storage system is greater than the preset demand standby power threshold, executing step S103; if the SOC of the energy storage system is less than or equal to the preset demand backup threshold, step S104 is executed.
S103, when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged or stand-by, determining the target power instruction of the energy storage system based on the peak clipping and valley filling target power, and when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, determining the target power instruction of the energy storage system based on the deeper one of the two target powers.
Specifically, when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged or to be in a standby state, the peak clipping and valley filling target power is used as the target power command of the energy storage system.
In practical application, if any one of the following conditions is satisfied: the peak clipping valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to be in standby and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be in standby, the peak clipping valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be in standby, the peak clipping valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to be charged and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged, the peak clipping valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged, and the peak clipping valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to be in standby and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged, then the peak clipping valley filling target power is used as a target power instruction of the energy storage system.
When the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to discharge, the one of the two target powers requiring a deeper discharge is used as the target power command of the energy storage system.
The discharge requirement indicates that the electric energy required to be discharged is large, that is, the first power requires to be discharged and the second power requires to be discharged, if the second power requires to be discharged deeply, the absolute value of the second power is larger than the absolute value of the first power, if the discharge is represented by a negative value, the second power is smaller than the first power, and if the discharge is represented by a positive value, the second power is larger than the first power.
In practical application, if the peak clipping and valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to discharge and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to discharge, the deepest one of the peak clipping and valley filling target power and the demand management target power is taken as a target power instruction of the energy storage system; wherein, the largest one of the two target powers with the largest absolute value is the deepest one of the discharge requirements.
And if the peak clipping and valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to be in a standby state and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, or the peak clipping and valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to be charged and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, taking the demand management target power as a target power instruction of the energy storage system.
Here, when the target power is negative, it represents that the target power requires the energy storage system to discharge, when the target power is 0, it represents that the target power requires the energy storage system to be in standby, when the target power is positive, it represents that the target power requires the energy storage system to charge, and according to the cooperative working conditions in 9 that the demand management target power and the peak clipping and valley filling target power have different values, the target power instruction of the energy storage system is described as follows:
(1) If PA is 0 and pb is 0, PG = PA, since PA =0, i.e. PG =0.
(2) If PA is negative and PB is 0, PG = PA.
(3) If PA is positive and PB is 0, PG = PA.
(4) If PA is positive and PB is positive, PG = PA.
(5) If PA is negative and PB is positive, PG = PA.
(6) If PA is 0 and pb is positive, PG = a, since PA =0, i.e. PG =0.
(7) If PA is negative and PB is negative, PG = MIN [ PA, PB ].
(8) PG = MIN [ PA, PB ] if PA is 0 and PB is negative, where PA =0, p-we-0, MIN [ PA, PB ] = PB.
(9) If PA is positive and PB is negative, PG = MIN [ PA, PB ] = PB, where PA >0, p < -0, MIN [ PA, PB ] = PB.
Wherein, PA is peak clipping and valley filling target power, PB is demand management target power, PG is target power instruction of the energy storage system, and MIN [ PA, PB ] is the minimum value between PA and PB, namely the deepest one required to discharge.
In this embodiment, when the SOC is greater than the preset demand backup threshold, the cooperation of the energy storage system under 9 working conditions is given, and different coordination allocations are performed according to the 9 working conditions, so that the energy storage system can perform corresponding actions according to actual conditions, and the economy of the energy storage system is improved.
And S104, determining a target power instruction of the energy storage system by taking the demand management target power as priority.
Specifically, when the peak clipping and valley filling target power requirement charging and the demand management target power requirement standby are not simultaneously met, the demand management target power is used as a target power instruction of the energy storage system.
In practical application, if any one of the following conditions is satisfied: the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to stand by and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to stand by, the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to discharge and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to discharge, the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to charge and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to discharge, the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to discharge and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to discharge, the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to charge and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to charge, and the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to stand by and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to charge, then the demand management target power is used as a target power instruction of the energy storage system.
In addition, if the peak clipping and valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to be charged and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be in a standby state, the peak clipping and valley filling target power is used as a target power instruction of the energy storage system.
Here, the determination of the target power instruction of the energy storage system with the demand management target power as the priority is explained according to the cooperative working condition in 9 where the demand management target power and the peak clipping and valley filling target power have different values, as follows:
(1) If PA is 0 and PB is 0, PG = PB, since PB =0, i.e. PG =0.
(2) If PA is negative and PB is 0, PG = PB, since PB =0, that is, PG =0.
(3) If PA is negative and PB is negative, PG = PB.
(4) If PA is 0 and PB is negative, PG = PB.
(5) If PA is positive and PB is negative, PG = PB.
(6) If PA is positive and PB is positive, PG = PB.
(7) If PA is negative and PB is positive, PG = PB.
(8) PG = PB if PA is 0 and PB is positive.
(9) If PA is positive and PB is 0, PG = PA.
In this embodiment, when the SOC is less than or equal to the preset demand power supply threshold, the cooperation of the energy storage system under 9 working conditions is given, and different coordination and distribution are performed according to the 9 working conditions, so that the energy storage system can perform corresponding actions according to actual conditions, and the economy of the energy storage system is improved.
And S105, controlling the energy storage system to execute corresponding actions according to the target power instruction of the energy storage system.
Wherein the corresponding actions include: any one of charging, discharging, and standby.
Specifically, if the target power instruction of the energy storage system requires the energy storage system to be charged, the energy storage system is charged, if the target power instruction of the energy storage system requires the energy storage system to be discharged, the energy storage system is discharged, and if the target power instruction of the energy storage system requires the energy storage system to be standby, the energy storage system is standby.
In the embodiment, the value of the target power command of the energy storage system is related to the SOC, the peak clipping and valley filling target power and the demand management target power of the energy storage system, and is not affected by the electricity price time period, and the power price time period is cooperatively controlled no matter what time period the electricity price time period is; and according to the target power instruction of the energy storage system, the energy storage system is controlled to execute corresponding actions, so that the SOC of the energy storage system indirectly controls the energy storage system to charge, discharge or stand-by, the battery configuration redundancy caused by the fact that the energy storage system discharges electric quantity in advance and the electric quantity cannot be completely discharged is avoided, the energy storage system is low in utilization rate due to the fact that the energy storage system is not fully charged, the energy storage system is comprehensively and cooperatively controlled, and the economy of the energy storage system is improved.
Optionally, in another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, before step S104, the following steps may be further included:
s201, judging whether the demand management target power requirement charging, the peak load shifting target power requirement discharging and the SOC of the energy storage system are in the dead zone range of the demand reserve power threshold value or not.
Step S201 is executed after step S102 determines that the SOC of the energy storage system is less than or equal to the preset demand power supply threshold, that is, the SOC of the energy storage system is less than or equal to the preset demand power supply threshold in step S201.
Therefore, the upper limit value of the dead zone range of the demand reserve power threshold is the demand reserve power threshold, and the lower limit value is a difference value obtained by subtracting the fluctuation dead zone value from the demand reserve power threshold, wherein the fluctuation dead zone value may be 0.01, and specific values are not limited herein, and are determined according to actual situations, and are all within the protection range of the application.
If the dead zone range of the demand reserve power threshold is not set, when the SOC fluctuates in a small range near the demand reserve power threshold, the energy storage system is charged and discharged unnecessarily, so that the dead zone range of the demand reserve power threshold is set, and the subsequent steps are combined, so that when the dead zone range of the demand reserve power threshold of the energy storage system is within, if the demand management target power requires charging and the peak clipping and valley filling target power requires discharging, the energy storage system is not charged and discharged. And further, the phenomenon that the energy storage system is frequently charged and discharged to cause conflict is avoided.
If the target power requirement charging of demand management, the target power requirement discharging of load shifting and load clipping and the SOC of the energy storage system are within the dead zone range of the demand reserve power threshold and are simultaneously satisfied, step S202 is executed, and if the target power requirement charging of demand management, the target power requirement discharging of load clipping and the SOC of the energy storage system are within the dead zone range of the demand reserve power threshold and are not simultaneously satisfied, step S104 is executed.
And S202, taking zero as a target power instruction of the energy storage system.
And if the target power instruction of the energy storage system is 0, the energy storage system is not charged or discharged, namely the energy storage system enters a standby state. At this time, even if the values of the demand management target power and the peak clipping and valley filling target power are not 0, that is, the demand management target power and the peak clipping and valley filling target power require the energy storage system to be charged or discharged, the energy storage system is still not charged or discharged.
In the embodiment, frequent charging and discharging and conflict phenomena of the energy storage system are avoided by setting the dead zone range of the demand reserve power threshold.
Optionally, on the basis of fig. 1 or fig. 2 in the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3 (which is shown by taking fig. 1 as an example here), after step S103 and step S104, the following steps may be further included:
s301, judging whether the load demand of the energy storage system is larger than a threshold value.
In practical applications, the threshold is MAX Qpc, Q-P.
And Qpc is the real-time maximum demand of a public connection PCC point of the energy storage system, Q is the target demand of the energy storage system, and P is the chargeable power of the energy storage system.
The purpose of determining whether the load demand of the energy storage system is greater than the threshold is to set an overload prevention boundary, and if the overload prevention boundary does not exist, the situation that the energy storage system executes peak clipping and valley filling target power and the sum of the peak clipping and valley filling target power and the load power is greater than the target demand when charging is likely to occur, so that the economy of the energy storage system is reduced, and therefore, the step S301 can be executed to avoid the situation, so that the economy of the energy storage system is improved.
If the load demand of the energy storage system is greater than the threshold, step S302 is executed, and if the load demand of the energy storage system is less than or equal to the threshold, step S303 is executed.
And S302, updating the target power command of the energy storage system with zero.
The execution process and principle of step S302 are the same as those of step S202, and are not described in detail here.
And S303, carrying out boundary inspection on the energy storage system.
And performing boundary check on at least one of the current SOC and the target power instruction of the energy storage system, namely determining whether the SOC and/or the target power instruction exceed the respective corresponding preset range, and if the SOC and the target power instruction exceed the respective corresponding preset range and still perform corresponding actions with the target power of the energy storage system, the phenomenon of over-charging and over-discharging of the energy storage system may be caused, so that the phenomenon of over-charging and over-discharging of the energy storage system can be avoided by performing boundary check on the energy storage system.
Optionally, in step S303 of fig. 3 in the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the method may include the following steps:
s401, judging whether the current SOC of the energy storage system is larger than or equal to a preset discharging cut-off value of the energy storage system and smaller than or equal to a preset charging cut-off value of the energy storage system.
If the SOC of the energy storage system is smaller than the preset discharging cut-off value, the energy storage system is indicated not to be discharged any more; if the SOC of the energy storage system is larger than the preset charging cut-off value, the energy storage system is indicated not to be charged any more, otherwise, the phenomenon of overcharge and overdischarge of the energy storage system can occur.
Therefore, the purpose of judging whether the SOC of the energy storage system is greater than or equal to the preset discharge cutoff value of the energy storage system and less than or equal to the preset charge cutoff value of the energy storage system is to determine whether the energy storage system is allowed to be charged or discharged in the current state, so as to provide a basis for charging or discharging in the subsequent steps.
If the SOC of the energy storage system is less than the preset discharge cutoff value of the energy storage system or greater than the preset charge cutoff value of the energy storage system, step S402 is executed, and if the SOC of the energy storage system is greater than or equal to the preset discharge cutoff value and less than or equal to the preset charge cutoff value, step S105 is executed.
And S402, updating the target power command of the energy storage system with zero.
The execution process and principle of step S402 are the same as those of step S202, and are not described in detail here.
Optionally, referring to fig. 5, after step S401, if it is determined that the SOC of the energy storage system is greater than or equal to the preset discharge cutoff value of the energy storage system and is less than or equal to the preset charge cutoff value of the energy storage system, the method may further include:
s501, judging whether the target power instruction of the energy storage system is larger than or equal to the opposite number of the available power of the energy storage system and smaller than or equal to the available power of the energy storage system.
The purpose of judging whether the target power instruction of the energy storage system is larger than or equal to the opposite number of the available power of the energy storage system and smaller than or equal to the available power of the energy storage system is to determine whether the target power instruction of the energy storage system is within the allowable output range of the energy storage system, and in combination with the subsequent steps, if the target power instruction is within the allowable output range, the target power instruction is not adjusted, and if the target power instruction is not within the allowable output range, the target power is adjusted, so that the energy storage system is prevented from executing corresponding actions with power beyond the allowable output range.
If the target power command of the energy storage system is smaller than the opposite number of the available power of the energy storage system or larger than the available power of the energy storage system, step S502 is executed, and if the target power command of the energy storage system is larger than or equal to the opposite number of the available power of the energy storage system and smaller than or equal to the available power of the energy storage system, step S105 is executed.
And S502, updating the target power command of the energy storage system by the product of the opposite number of the available power and the available power.
Here, the control method of the energy storage system based on SOC management provided by the present invention is specifically described with reference to an actual usage scenario, as follows:
fig. 6e is a daily load curve for a 24h uninterrupted enterprise, and it is evident that a peak demand for such users may occur at any time period.
Assume that the plant configuration is 1MW/5MWh. The charging and discharging strategy is as follows: when the SOC of the energy storage system is greater than the preset demand power supply threshold, assuming that it is 10%, the target power command of the energy storage system is determined by using the 9 working conditions provided in the above step S103, and when the SOC is less than the demand power supply threshold by 10%, the target power command of the energy storage system is determined by using the 9 working conditions provided in the above step S104.
Specifically, a fluctuation dead zone value is set near the demand power reserve threshold, if the fluctuation dead zone value is not set, the energy storage system discharges when the target power instruction requires discharging and discharges to be smaller than the demand power reserve threshold, if the SOC is 9.9%, the energy storage system charges when the target power instruction requires charging, and thus the problem of frequent charging and discharging of the energy storage system is solved by setting the fluctuation dead zone value.
The gains of the energy storage system are: 5MWh (1-10%) +1MW [ (peak time electricity valence-valley time electricity valence) + (peak time electricity valence-usual electricity valence) ].
An embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage system based on SOC management, referring to fig. 7, including: energy storage battery 20, battery management system 10, converter 30 and controller 40.
The energy storage battery 20 is connected to the grid through a converter 30, and the controller 40 is connected to the battery management system 10 and the converter 30, respectively.
The battery management system 10 is configured to collect data information of the energy storage battery 20, and send the collected data information of the energy storage battery 20 to the controller 40.
The controller 40 is configured to execute the cooperative control method for peak clipping, valley filling, and demand management of the energy storage system according to any embodiment, and specific execution processes and principles of the cooperative control method are referred to in the embodiments, and are not described herein again.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, the system or system embodiments are substantially similar to the method embodiments and therefore are described in a relatively simple manner, and reference may be made to some of the descriptions of the method embodiments for related points. The above-described system and system embodiments are only illustrative, wherein the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (11)
1. A control method of an energy storage system based on SOC management is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring demand management target power and peak clipping and valley filling target power of the energy storage system;
judging whether the SOC of the energy storage system is larger than a preset demand power supply threshold value or not;
if the SOC of the energy storage system is larger than the preset demand standby power threshold, determining a target power instruction of the energy storage system based on the peak clipping and valley filling target power when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged or standby, and based on one of two target powers requiring the deep discharge when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged;
if the SOC of the energy storage system is less than or equal to the preset demand power supply threshold, taking the demand management target power as priority, and determining a target power instruction of the energy storage system;
controlling the energy storage system to execute corresponding actions according to the target power instruction of the energy storage system; the corresponding actions include: any one of charging, discharging, and standby.
2. The method for controlling the energy storage system based on the SOC management as claimed in claim 1, wherein if the SOC of the energy storage system is greater than the preset demand reserve power threshold, the method further comprises the following steps of, when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged or standby, referring to the peak clipping and valley filling target power:
when the SOC of the energy storage system is larger than the preset demand standby power threshold, if any one of the following conditions is met: the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to be in a standby state and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be in a standby state, the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be in a standby state, the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to be charged and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged, the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged, and the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to be in a standby state and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged, and the load balancing target power requires the energy storage system to be charged and the load balancing target power is used as a target power instruction of the energy storage system.
3. The method for controlling the energy storage system based on the SOC management according to claim 1, wherein if the SOC of the energy storage system is greater than the preset demand reserve power threshold, when the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to discharge, taking the deeper one of the two target powers as a reference, the method comprises:
when the SOC of the energy storage system is larger than the preset demand power supply threshold value, if the peak clipping and valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to discharge and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to discharge, taking the deepest one of the peak clipping and valley filling target power and the demand management target power as a target power instruction of the energy storage system; wherein, the largest one of the two target powers with the largest absolute value is the deepest one required to discharge;
when the SOC of the energy storage system is larger than the preset demand power supply threshold value, if the peak clipping and valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to be in a standby state and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, or the peak clipping and valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to be charged and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, the demand management target power is used as a target power instruction of the energy storage system.
4. The method for controlling the energy storage system based on the SOC management according to claim 1, wherein if the SOC of the energy storage system is less than or equal to the preset demand power supply threshold, the determining the target power command of the energy storage system with priority given to the demand management target power comprises:
when the SOC of the energy storage system is less than or equal to the preset demand standby power threshold, if any one of the following conditions is met: the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be in standby, the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be in standby, the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged and the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged, the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged, the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be discharged and the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged, and the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be in standby and the load management target power requires the energy storage system to be charged, the load management target power is used as a target power instruction of the energy storage system.
5. The method for controlling an SOC-management-based energy storage system according to claim 4, wherein a target power command of the energy storage system is determined with priority given to the demand management target power, and further comprising:
and if the peak clipping and valley filling target power requires the energy storage system to be charged and the demand management target power requires the energy storage system to be in a standby state, taking the peak clipping and valley filling target power as a target power instruction of the energy storage system.
6. The method for controlling an energy storage system based on SOC management according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by, before determining the target power command of the energy storage system with priority given to the demand management target power, further comprising:
judging whether the demand management target power requirement charging, the peak load shifting target power requirement discharging and the SOC of the energy storage system are in the dead zone range of the demand reserve power threshold value and are met simultaneously;
if the demand management target power requirement charging, the peak load shifting target power requirement discharging and the SOC of the energy storage system are in the dead zone range of the demand standby power threshold and are met simultaneously, taking zero as a target power instruction of the energy storage system;
and if the demand management target power requirement charging, the peak clipping and valley filling target power requirement discharging and the SOC of the energy storage system are not simultaneously met in a dead zone range of a demand standby power threshold, the step of determining a target power instruction of the energy storage system by taking the demand management target power as priority is executed.
7. The method for controlling an energy storage system based on SOC management according to any of claims 1-5, further comprising, after the determining the target power of the energy storage system:
judging whether the load demand of the energy storage system is greater than a threshold value;
if the load demand of the energy storage system is larger than a threshold value, updating a target power instruction of the energy storage system by zero;
and if the load demand of the energy storage system is less than or equal to a threshold value, carrying out boundary check on the energy storage system.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the threshold is MAX [ Qpc, Q ] -P;
and Qpc is the real-time maximum demand of a public connection PCC point of the energy storage system, Q is the target demand of the energy storage system, and P is the chargeable power of the energy storage system.
9. The method of controlling an SOC-managed energy storage system according to claim 7, wherein the performing a boundary check on the energy storage system comprises:
judging whether the SOC of the energy storage system is more than or equal to a preset discharging cut-off value of the energy storage system and less than or equal to a preset charging cut-off value;
and if the SOC of the energy storage system is smaller than a preset discharging cut-off value or larger than a preset charging cut-off value, updating the target power instruction of the energy storage system with zero.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein after determining whether the SOC of the energy storage system is greater than or equal to a preset discharge cutoff value and less than or equal to a preset charge cutoff value, if the SOC of the energy storage system is greater than or equal to a preset discharge cutoff value and less than or equal to a preset charge cutoff value, the method further comprises:
judging whether a target power instruction of the energy storage system is greater than or equal to the opposite number of the available power of the energy storage system and is less than or equal to the available power of the energy storage system;
and if the target power instruction of the energy storage system is smaller than the opposite number of the available power of the energy storage system or larger than the available power of the energy storage system, updating the target power instruction of the energy storage system by the product of the opposite number of the available power and the available power.
11. An energy storage system based on SOC management, comprising: the system comprises an energy storage battery, a battery management system, a converter and a controller;
the energy storage battery is connected with a power grid through a converter;
the controller is respectively connected with the battery management system and the converter;
the battery management system is used for acquiring data information of the energy storage battery and sending the acquired data information of the energy storage battery to the controller;
the controller for performing the control method of the SOC-management-based energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
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