CN110531282B - Application scene classification method for retired power battery - Google Patents
Application scene classification method for retired power battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN110531282B CN110531282B CN201911035503.1A CN201911035503A CN110531282B CN 110531282 B CN110531282 B CN 110531282B CN 201911035503 A CN201911035503 A CN 201911035503A CN 110531282 B CN110531282 B CN 110531282B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an application scene classification method of a retired power battery, which comprises the following steps: discharging the retired power battery according to a preset discharge rate, and obtaining a first open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after a preset discharge duration; obtaining a second open-circuit voltage value after the retired power battery is placed for a first time, and calculating an open-circuit voltage return value according to the first open-circuit voltage value and the second open-circuit voltage value; calculating the return rate of the open-circuit voltage of the retired power battery according to the return value of the open-circuit voltage and the first time; and classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate and a preset scene classification strategy, wherein the application scenes comprise a low-speed power vehicle application scene, an energy storage application scene and a standby power application scene. By the method, the application scenes of the retired power battery can be classified according to the rate of the return rise of the open-circuit voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an application scene classification method for retired power batteries.
Background
Along with the popularization and the use of new energy automobiles, the scrappage of the power batteries for the automobiles is increased greatly, great pressure is caused on the environment if the retired power batteries are directly disassembled for material recovery, and meanwhile, the retired power batteries still have residual capacity not higher than 80% of the rated capacity of the retired power batteries and can be applied to other fields, namely gradient utilization.
The echelon utilization is an effective way for exerting the value of the retired power battery, and because of the difference in the performance, specification and the like of the retired power battery, the echelon utilization can be realized through multiple detection and other procedures, which becomes an obstacle to the echelon utilization of the retired power battery. The direction of the gradient utilization of the retired power battery is mainly low-speed power vehicles, low-rate energy storage and backup batteries. How to rapidly classify the applicable scenes of the retired power battery is one of the current trouble points in the industry.
The traditional classification method includes that the residual service life of the retired power battery is estimated based on the percentage of the current capacity to the initial capacity of the retired power battery, so that classification is achieved; the retired power battery is classified based on a multi-parameter method, but the classification precision of the former method is not high, and the classification of the latter method is complex, so that the method is not beneficial to large-scale popularization in industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an application scene classification method of retired power batteries, which is simple to implement, has a good classification result and is beneficial to industrial large-scale popularization.
An application scene classification method for retired power batteries comprises the following steps:
discharging the retired power battery according to a preset discharge rate, and obtaining a first open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after a preset discharge duration;
obtaining a second open-circuit voltage value after the retired power battery is placed for a first time, and calculating an open-circuit voltage return value according to the first open-circuit voltage value and the second open-circuit voltage value; calculating the return rate of the open-circuit voltage of the retired power battery according to the return value of the open-circuit voltage and the first time;
and classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate and a preset scene classification strategy, wherein the application scenes comprise a low-speed power vehicle application scene, an energy storage application scene and a standby power application scene.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the preset discharge rate is 2 rates, and the preset discharge time is 1 minute;
the retired power battery is subjected to discharging operation according to a preset discharging rate, and a first open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after a preset discharging time is obtained comprises the following steps:
and discharging the retired power battery according to the multiplying power of 2, and obtaining a first open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after discharging for 1 minute.
Optionally, in one embodiment, before the obtaining of the second open-circuit voltage value after the retired power battery is left for the first time, the method further includes:
standing the retired power battery, and recording the open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery according to a preset time interval;
and drawing a change curve of the open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery along with time according to the open-circuit voltage values at different time points.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the first time is 20 seconds; the method comprises the steps of obtaining a second open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after the retired power battery is placed for a first time, and calculating an open-circuit voltage return value according to the first open-circuit voltage value and the second open-circuit voltage value; calculating the open-circuit voltage ramp-back rate of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage ramp-back value and the first time, including:
and obtaining a second open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after standing for 20 seconds, calculating the difference between the second open-circuit voltage value and the first open-circuit voltage value, and dividing the difference between the second open-circuit voltage value and the first open-circuit voltage value by the first time to obtain the open-circuit voltage ramp-back rate of the retired power battery.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the preset scene classification policy is a policy for classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to a preset first determination value, a preset second determination value, and a preset third determination value; the classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate and a preset scene classification strategy comprises the following steps:
acquiring a first judgment value, a second judgment value and a third judgment value, wherein the first judgment value is smaller than the second judgment value, and the second judgment value is smaller than the third judgment value;
when the rising rate of the open-circuit voltage is smaller than a first judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into a low-speed power vehicle application scene;
when the rising rate of the open-circuit voltage is greater than a first judgment value and less than a second judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into an energy storage application scene;
and when the open-circuit voltage rising rate is greater than a second determination value and less than a third determination value, classifying the retired power battery into a standby power application scene.
An application scene classification method for retired power batteries comprises the following steps:
charging the retired power battery according to a preset charging rate, and acquiring a third open circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after a preset charging duration;
obtaining a fourth circuit voltage value after the retired power battery is placed for the first time, and calculating an open circuit voltage reduction value according to the third open circuit voltage value and the fourth circuit voltage value; calculating the open-circuit voltage reduction rate of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage reduction value and the first time;
and classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage reduction rate and a preset scene classification strategy, wherein the application scenes comprise a low-speed power vehicle application scene, an energy storage application scene and a standby power application scene.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the preset charging magnification is 2 magnifications, and the preset charging time is 1 minute;
the retired power battery is charged according to a preset charging rate, and a third open circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after a preset charging duration is obtained, and the method comprises the following steps:
and carrying out charging operation on the retired power battery according to the multiplying power of 2, and obtaining a third open circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after charging for 2 minutes.
Optionally, in one embodiment, before obtaining the fourth circuit voltage value after the retired power battery is left standing for the first time, the method further includes:
standing the retired power battery, and recording the open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery according to a preset time interval;
and drawing a change curve of the open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery along with time according to the open-circuit voltage values at different time points.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the first time is 20 seconds; the fourth circuit voltage value after the retired power battery is placed for the first time is obtained, and an open circuit voltage reduction value is calculated according to the third open circuit voltage value and the fourth circuit voltage value; calculating the open-circuit voltage drop rate of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage drop value and the first time, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and obtaining a fourth circuit voltage value after the retired power battery stands for 20 seconds, calculating the difference between the third circuit voltage value and the fourth circuit voltage value, and dividing the difference between the third circuit voltage value and the fourth circuit voltage value by the first time to obtain the open-circuit voltage reduction rate of the retired power battery.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the preset scene classification policy is a policy for classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to a preset fourth determination value, a preset fifth determination value and a preset sixth determination value; the classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage reduction rate and by combining a preset scene classification strategy comprises the following steps:
acquiring a fourth judgment value, a fifth judgment value and a sixth judgment value, wherein the fourth judgment value is smaller than the fifth judgment value, and the fifth judgment value is smaller than the sixth judgment value;
when the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is smaller than a fourth judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into a low-speed power vehicle application scene;
when the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is greater than a fourth judgment value and less than a fifth judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into an energy storage application scene;
and when the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is greater than a fifth judgment value and less than a sixth judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into a standby power application scene.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the application scene classification method of the retired power battery comprises the steps of firstly carrying out discharging operation on the retired power battery according to a preset discharging rate, and obtaining a first open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after a preset discharging time; then, a second open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after the retired power battery is placed for the first time is obtained, and an open-circuit voltage return value is calculated according to the first open-circuit voltage value and the second open-circuit voltage value; calculating the return rate of the open-circuit voltage of the retired power battery according to the return value of the open-circuit voltage and the first time; and finally, classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate and a preset scene classification strategy, wherein the application scenes comprise a low-speed power vehicle application scene, an energy storage application scene and a standby power application scene. According to the method, the retired power battery is classified by adopting the open-circuit voltage rising rate capable of reflecting the health degree of the battery, and the obtained classification result is more accurate; and compared with a multi-parameter method, the classification of the retired power battery can be realized only by adopting a single parameter, so that the simple and quick classification of the retired power battery is realized, and the industrial large-scale popularization is facilitated. The charging scheme and the discharging scheme have the same principle and can achieve the same beneficial effect as the discharging scheme.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a method for classifying application scenarios of retired power batteries in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the charging and discharging and open circuit voltage acquisition of an example of an embodiment of a decommissioned power cell;
FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating open circuit voltage values at various time points after discharge of an retired power battery is cut off in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an application scenario classification method for retired power batteries in another embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an application scenario classification method for retired power batteries according to an embodiment, which may accurately classify retired power batteries. As shown in FIG. 1, the method comprises the following steps 102-106:
step 102: and carrying out discharging operation on the retired power battery according to a preset discharging multiplying power, and obtaining a first open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after a preset discharging time.
The retired power battery is subjected to discharging operation, and the return-to-rise rate of the open-circuit voltage can be obtained by recording the change of the open-circuit voltage value after the retired power battery is stopped discharging, and the return-to-rise rate of the open-circuit voltage can be used as a judgment factor of the health degree of the retired power battery. The preset discharge rate is understood to be a measure of how fast the battery is discharged, and is used to indicate the rate of the battery charge/discharge capacity, for example, 1C indicates the current intensity when the battery is completely discharged in one hour. The first open circuit voltage value refers to an initial open circuit voltage value after the discharge of the retired power battery is cut off.
Specifically, in this embodiment, a current of 2 times of the rated capacity of the retired power battery is used to discharge the retired power battery for 1 minute, and a first open-circuit voltage value after the discharge is cut off is obtained. Namely, 2CA constant current discharge is carried out on the retired power battery, the discharge is stopped after 1 minute, and the initial open-circuit voltage of the retired power battery is obtained and used as the first open-circuit voltage value. The preset discharge rate and the preset discharge duration selected by the battery need to consider the problem of measurement accuracy of the return value of the open-circuit voltage and the problem of battery loss, and an excessively small preset discharge rate and an excessively small preset discharge duration are set, so that the return of the open-circuit voltage is slow, and the accurate return value of the open-circuit voltage cannot be measured, thereby causing the inaccurate return rate of the open-circuit voltage and failing to accurately judge the applicable scene; setting an excessively large preset discharge rate and an excessively long preset discharge duration can cause greater damage to the ex-service power battery with a certain loss, and is not favorable for the ex-service power battery to be used in subsequent application scenes. The preset discharge rate is set to be 2-rate current (instead of 3-rate current, 4-rate current, 5-rate current or 1-rate current) of rated capacity, the preset discharge duration is 1 minute (instead of 2 minutes, 3 minutes and 4 minutes), the subsequently obtained open-circuit voltage rise rate is well guaranteed to be accurate enough, the classification result of the retired power battery is rapidly obtained, meanwhile, the retired power battery is also guaranteed not to be damaged in the discharge process, and the health degree of the battery is well kept. For example, as shown in fig. 2, the retired power battery is discharged by a current of 2CA through the charging and discharging cabinet, and the open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery is collected through the open-circuit voltage collecting module.
Optionally, the number of the retired power batteries is one or more, that is, the retired power batteries in different use states can be detected simultaneously, so as to realize rapid classification. For example, in the process of testing the retired power battery, 20 groups (120 groups in total) of retired power batteries with different cycle periods are subjected to constant current discharge of 150A for 1 minute.
Further, after performing step 102, the method further includes: standing the retired power battery, and recording the open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery according to a preset time interval; and drawing a change curve of the open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery along with time according to the open-circuit voltage values at different time points.
Specifically, a retired power battery with an initial open-circuit voltage value (a first open-circuit voltage value) of 11.6V is taken as an example for explanation, the retired power battery is allowed to stand, open-circuit voltage values of the retired power battery after standing for different time periods are recorded in real time, for example, one open-circuit voltage value is recorded every 2s, the open-circuit voltage value and the open-circuit voltage rise time are recorded after voltage is stabilized, and open-circuit voltage rise values of the retired power battery with different cycle times in different time periods are calculated, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 data entry sheet for open circuit voltage ramp-back values
Further, the open-circuit voltage values of the retired power battery after standing for different time periods are obtained according to table 1, a curve as shown in fig. 3 is drawn for more visual observation, and fig. 3 shows the change of the open-circuit voltage values of a plurality of groups of retired power batteries in different use states along with time.
Step 104: obtaining a second open-circuit voltage value after the retired power battery is placed for a first time, and calculating an open-circuit voltage return value according to the first open-circuit voltage value and the second open-circuit voltage value; and calculating the return rate of the open-circuit voltage of the retired power battery according to the return value of the open-circuit voltage and the first time.
Specifically, as can be seen from the statistical data in table 1 and the curve analysis in fig. 3, the open-circuit voltage values of the retired power battery in the first 20 seconds after the discharge is cut off have obvious differences, and the open-circuit voltage values in the subsequent time all rise slowly, and the differences are not obvious. Therefore, the first time is set to be 20 seconds in the present embodiment, and it can be understood that in other embodiments, the first time can be set to other values according to actual situations.
In this embodiment, the open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery at 20 seconds after the discharge is cut off is obtained, and the open-circuit voltage ramp-back rate of the retired power battery within 20 seconds before the discharge is cut off is calculated according to the difference between the open-circuit voltage value (i.e., the second open-circuit voltage value) corresponding to the 20 seconds and the first open-circuit voltage value, and then divided by the first time. For example, the retired power battery is discharged for 1 minute by adopting a current of 2CA, an open-circuit voltage value V1 is obtained after the discharge is stopped, then a back-up open-circuit voltage value Vt is collected every 2 seconds, a 20 th open-circuit voltage value V2 is obtained, and the back-up open-circuit voltage rate of the retired power battery is calculated to be V = (V2-V1)/20.
Further, as shown in table 2, the open circuit voltage ramp-back rate of the retired power battery at different times of cycles is recorded.
TABLE 2 open-circuit voltage ramp-back rate data record table
Step 106: and classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate and a preset scene classification strategy, wherein the application scenes comprise a low-speed power vehicle application scene, an energy storage application scene and a standby power application scene.
In this embodiment, the reason why the open-circuit voltage ramp-back rate is adopted to reflect the health condition of the retired power battery, rather than adopting the open-circuit voltage ramp-back amount as the reflection of the health condition of the retired power battery, is that if the voltage ramp-back value which is ramped back for a long time is adopted, the health degree of the retired power battery may be adversely affected; meanwhile, the voltage rise value cannot reflect the health condition of the battery, the speed of the open-circuit voltage rise rate is related to the polarization of the battery, and the polarization of the battery is related to battery data capable of reflecting the internal health condition of the battery (for example, the attenuation mechanism of anode and cathode materials in a battery core and electrolyte, the material compaction density, the manufacturing thickness of a pole piece and the like).
Furthermore, in the prior art, a plurality of parameters are adopted to classify the retired power battery. For example, the retired power battery is classified based on current, voltage and temperature, and in the method, data acquisition equipment is required to be used for acquiring current, voltage and temperature data, and then classification is performed according to analysis results of the current, the voltage and the temperature, so that the process is complex, the time consumption is long, and the method is not beneficial to industrial popularization; the method also has the scheme of classifying according to the conductivity and the diffusion coefficient, the conductivity and the diffusion coefficient are difficult to obtain, professional technicians are required to use professional equipment to obtain the conductivity and the diffusion coefficient, the cost is high, the process is complex and time-consuming, and the method is not beneficial to industrial popularization. Adopting a single parameter: the return rate of the open-circuit voltage reflects the health condition of the retired power battery, the retired power battery can be simply, quickly and accurately classified, and industrialization popularization is facilitated. Specifically, there is a certain correspondence between the open-circuit voltage ramp-back rate and the internal structure of the battery, the change in impedance, the loss condition of active Li, and the like, for example, when the loss of active Li of the battery is large, the internal resistance of the battery is large, the health condition of the battery is poor, and the acquired open-circuit voltage ramp-back rate is also large at this time; conversely, when the loss of the battery active Li is small, the internal resistance of the battery is small, the health condition of the battery is good, and the obtained open-circuit voltage rising rate is also small. Therefore, the high classification accuracy can be achieved through the open-circuit voltage rising rate, and due to the fact that only single parameters are used, the input equipment is few, the cost is low, classification is simple and fast, and industrial popularization is facilitated.
The preset scene classification strategy is a strategy for classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to a preset first judgment value, a preset second judgment value and a preset third judgment value, wherein the first judgment value is smaller than the second judgment value, and the second judgment value is smaller than the third judgment value; the application scenes of the retired power battery comprise a low-speed power vehicle application scene, an energy storage application scene and a standby power application scene. And classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage ramp-back rate and a preset scene classification strategy, so that the application scene to which the retired power battery is applicable can be quickly judged. Specifically, the classifying the application scenarios of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage ramp-back rate in combination with a preset scenario classification strategy includes:
acquiring a first judgment value, a second judgment value and a third judgment value; when the rising rate of the open-circuit voltage is smaller than a first judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into a low-speed power vehicle application scene; when the rising rate of the open-circuit voltage is greater than a first judgment value and less than a second judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into an energy storage application scene; and when the open-circuit voltage rising rate is greater than a second determination value and less than a third determination value, classifying the retired power battery into a standby power application scene.
Specifically, when the open-circuit voltage rising rate is smaller than a first judgment value, the retired power battery is classified into a low-speed power vehicle application scene. For example, the first determination value may be set to 26mV/s, that is, when the open-circuit voltage ramp-back rate of the retired power battery is less than 26mV/s, it indicates that the health of the retired power battery is good, and it is determined that the retired power battery may be classified into a low-speed power vehicle application scenario.
And when the rising rate of the open-circuit voltage is greater than a first judgment value and less than a second judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into an energy storage application scene. For example, the second determination value may be set to 30mV/s, that is, when the open-circuit voltage ramp-back rate of the retired power battery is greater than 26mV/s and less than 30mV/s, it indicates that the battery health of the retired power battery is in a normal state, and it is determined that the retired power battery may be classified into an energy storage application scenario.
And when the open-circuit voltage rising rate is greater than a second determination value and less than a third determination value, classifying the retired power battery into a standby power application scene. For example, the third determination value may be set to 50mV/s, that is, when the open-circuit voltage ramp-back rate of the retired power battery is greater than 30mV/s and less than 50mV/s, it indicates that the health of the retired power battery is low, and it is determined that the retired power battery may be classified into a standby power application scenario.
The application scene classification method of the retired power battery comprises the steps of firstly carrying out discharging operation on the retired power battery according to a preset discharging rate, and obtaining a first open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after a preset discharging time; then, a second open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after the retired power battery is placed for the first time is obtained, and an open-circuit voltage return value is calculated according to the first open-circuit voltage value and the second open-circuit voltage value; calculating the return rate of the open-circuit voltage of the retired power battery according to the return value of the open-circuit voltage and the first time; and finally, classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate and a preset scene classification strategy, wherein the application scenes comprise a low-speed power vehicle application scene, an energy storage application scene and a standby power application scene. According to the method, the retired power battery is classified by adopting the open-circuit voltage rising rate capable of reflecting the health degree of the battery, and the obtained classification result is more accurate; and compared with a multi-parameter method, the classification of the retired power battery can be realized only by adopting a single parameter, so that the simple and quick classification of the retired power battery is realized, and the industrial large-scale popularization is facilitated.
Furthermore, in order to verify the classification result determined according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate and ensure the correct classification of the retired power battery for subsequent use, an application scene classification method of the retired power battery is provided, and the classification result of the open-circuit voltage rising rate is verified by using the classification result of the internal resistance ratio. Specifically, if the classification result according to the method of the open-circuit voltage rising rate is the same as the classification result according to the method of the internal resistance ratio, the classification result obtained according to the method of the open-circuit voltage rising rate is used as the final classification result of the retired power battery; if the classification result according to the method of the open-circuit voltage rising rate is different from the classification result according to the method of the internal resistance ratio, classifying the retired power battery by repeatedly using the method according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate, classifying the retired power battery by repeatedly using the method according to the internal resistance ratio, and if the same number of times of the two results exceeds the preset number of times, taking the classification result obtained by the method according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate as the final classification result of the retired power battery; and if the times of the two results are the same are less than or equal to the preset times, directly scrapping the retired power battery.
And the internal resistance ratio is an internal resistance test mean value/an internal resistance initial value. The initial value of the internal resistance is a fixed value which is determined when the power battery leaves a factory; the internal resistance test mean value is obtained by testing the internal resistance tester, specifically, the internal resistance tester tests for the same retired power battery for multiple times respectively, each test results obtain one test result (internal resistance), and the test results obtained by multiple tests are averaged to obtain the internal resistance test mean value.
After the internal resistance ratio is obtained, classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the internal resistance ratio, specifically, obtaining a first internal resistance ratio, a second internal resistance ratio and a third internal resistance ratio which are preset, wherein the first internal resistance ratio is smaller than the second internal resistance ratio, the second internal resistance ratio is smaller than the third internal resistance ratio, and if the calculated internal resistance ratio is between 0 and the first internal resistance ratio, classifying the retired power battery into a low-speed power vehicle scene; if the calculated internal resistance ratio is between the first internal resistance ratio and the second internal resistance ratio, classifying the retired power battery into an energy storage scene; and if the calculated internal resistance ratio is between the second internal resistance ratio and the third internal resistance ratio, classifying the retired power battery into a backup scene.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides an application scene classification method for the retired power battery, which is the same as the method for calculating the open-circuit voltage increasing rate after the retired power battery is subjected to discharging operation in the embodiment, calculates the open-circuit voltage decreasing rate after the retired power battery is subjected to charging operation, and takes the open-circuit voltage decreasing rate as a judgment factor of the battery health degree of the retired power battery. As shown in FIG. 4, the method includes the following steps 402-406:
step 402: and carrying out charging operation on the retired power battery according to a preset charging multiplying power, and obtaining a third open circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after a preset charging duration.
Specifically, the preset charging multiplying power is 2 multiplying powers, and the preset charging time is 1 minute. And carrying out charging operation on the retired power battery according to the multiplying power of 2, and obtaining a third open circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after charging for 1 minute.
Further, after performing step 402, the method further comprises: standing the retired power battery, and recording the open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery according to a preset time interval; and drawing a change curve of the open-circuit voltage value of the retired power battery along with time according to the open-circuit voltage values at different time points.
Step 404: obtaining a fourth circuit voltage value after the retired power battery is placed for the first time, and calculating an open circuit voltage reduction value according to the third open circuit voltage value and the fourth circuit voltage value; and calculating the open-circuit voltage reduction rate of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage reduction value and the first time.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the first time is set to 20 seconds, a fourth circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after standing for 20 seconds is obtained, a difference between the third circuit voltage value and the fourth circuit voltage value is calculated, and the difference between the third circuit voltage value and the fourth circuit voltage value is divided by the first time, so as to obtain the open circuit voltage reduction rate of the retired power battery.
Step 406: and classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage reduction rate and a preset scene classification strategy, wherein the application scenes comprise a low-speed power vehicle application scene, an energy storage application scene and a standby power application scene.
Based on the fact that the health condition of the retired power battery is reflected through the single-parameter open-circuit voltage rising rate, rather than the reason that the health condition is reflected through the open-circuit voltage rising amount or multiple parameters, the open-circuit voltage falling rate is selected to classify the application scenes of the retired power battery, and details are not repeated herein.
Specifically, the preset scene classification strategy is a strategy for classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to a preset fourth judgment value, a preset fifth judgment value and a preset sixth judgment value, wherein the fourth judgment value is smaller than the fifth judgment value, and the fifth judgment value is smaller than the sixth judgment value; the application scenes of the retired power battery comprise a low-speed power vehicle application scene, an energy storage application scene and a standby power application scene. And classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage reduction rate and a preset scene classification strategy, so that the application scene to which the retired power battery is applicable can be quickly judged. The classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage reduction rate and by combining a preset scene classification strategy comprises the following steps:
acquiring a fourth judgment value, a fifth judgment value and a sixth judgment value, wherein the fourth judgment value is smaller than the fifth judgment value, and the fifth judgment value is smaller than the sixth judgment value; when the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is smaller than a fourth judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into a low-speed power vehicle application scene; when the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is greater than a fourth judgment value and less than a fifth judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into an energy storage application scene; and when the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is greater than a fifth judgment value and less than a sixth judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into a standby power application scene.
Specifically, when the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is smaller than a fourth judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into a low-speed power vehicle application scene; when the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is greater than a fourth judgment value and less than a fifth judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into an energy storage application scene; and when the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is greater than a fifth judgment value and less than a sixth judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into a standby power application scene.
Firstly, charging the retired power battery according to a preset charging rate, and acquiring a third open circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after a preset charging duration; then, a fourth circuit voltage value of the retired power battery after standing for the first time is obtained, and an open circuit voltage reduction value is calculated according to the third circuit voltage value and the fourth circuit voltage value; calculating the open-circuit voltage reduction rate of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage reduction value and the first time; and finally, classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage reduction rate and a preset scene classification strategy, wherein the application scenes comprise a low-speed power vehicle application scene, an energy storage application scene and a standby power application scene. The application scene classification method of the retired power battery has the same principle as the classification method through discharging, can achieve the same beneficial effects as the classification method through the discharging scheme, and is not repeated herein.
Furthermore, in order to verify the classification result determined according to the open-circuit voltage drop rate and ensure the correct classification of the retired power battery for subsequent use, an application scenario classification method of the retired power battery is provided, and the classification result of the open-circuit voltage drop rate is verified by using the classification result of the internal resistance ratio. Specifically, if the classification result according to the method of the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is the same as the classification result according to the method of the internal resistance ratio, the classification result obtained according to the method of the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is used as the final classification result of the retired power battery; if the classification result according to the method of the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is different from the classification result according to the method of the internal resistance ratio, classifying the retired power battery by repeatedly using the method according to the open-circuit voltage reduction rate, classifying the retired power battery by repeatedly using the method according to the internal resistance ratio, and if the times of the two results are the same exceed the preset times, taking the classification result obtained by the method according to the open-circuit voltage reduction rate as the final classification result of the retired power battery; and if the times of the two results are the same are less than or equal to the preset times, directly scrapping the retired power battery.
And the internal resistance ratio is an internal resistance test mean value/an internal resistance initial value. The initial value of the internal resistance is a fixed value which is determined when the power battery leaves a factory; the internal resistance test mean value is obtained by testing the internal resistance tester, specifically, the internal resistance tester tests for the same retired power battery for multiple times respectively, each test results obtain one test result (internal resistance), and the test results obtained by multiple tests are averaged to obtain the internal resistance test mean value.
After the internal resistance ratios are obtained, classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the internal resistance ratios, specifically, obtaining a preset fourth internal resistance ratio, a preset fifth internal resistance ratio and a preset sixth internal resistance ratio, wherein the fourth internal resistance ratio is smaller than the fifth internal resistance ratio, the fifth internal resistance ratio is smaller than the sixth internal resistance ratio, and if the calculated internal resistance ratio is between 0 and the fourth internal resistance ratio, classifying the retired power battery into a low-speed power vehicle scene; if the calculated internal resistance ratio is between the fourth internal resistance ratio and the fifth internal resistance ratio, classifying the retired power battery into an energy storage scene; and if the calculated internal resistance ratio is between the fifth internal resistance ratio and the sixth internal resistance ratio, classifying the retired power battery into a backup scene.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. An application scene classification method for retired power batteries is characterized by comprising the following steps:
2CA constant current discharging is carried out on the retired power battery, and a first open-circuit voltage value V1 of the retired power battery after discharging for 1 minute is obtained;
obtaining a second open-circuit voltage value V2 after the retired power battery is placed for a first time, wherein the first time is 20 seconds, and calculating an open-circuit voltage rise value according to the first open-circuit voltage value V1 and the second open-circuit voltage value V2; calculating the open-circuit voltage rising rate V ═ V2-V1)/20 of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage rising value and the first time;
classifying application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate and a preset scene classification strategy, wherein the application scenes comprise a low-speed power vehicle application scene, an energy storage application scene and a standby power application scene;
obtaining a classification result of the application scene of the retired power battery determined according to the internal resistance ratio;
verifying the classification result of the application scene of the retired power battery determined according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate by using the classification result of the application scene of the retired power battery determined according to the internal resistance ratio, wherein the verification comprises the following steps:
if the classification result determined according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate is the same as the classification result determined according to the internal resistance ratio, taking the classification result determined according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate as the classification result of the application scene of the retired power battery; if the classification result determined according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate is different from the classification result determined according to the internal resistance ratio, obtaining a plurality of classification results determined for a plurality of times according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate and a plurality of classification results determined for a plurality of times according to the internal resistance ratio; and if the times of the same classification result are less than or equal to the preset times, the retired power battery is scrapped.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the preset scene classification policy is a policy for classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to a preset first determination value, a preset second determination value and a preset third determination value; the classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage rising rate and a preset scene classification strategy comprises the following steps:
acquiring a first judgment value, a second judgment value and a third judgment value, wherein the first judgment value is smaller than the second judgment value, and the second judgment value is smaller than the third judgment value;
when the rising rate of the open-circuit voltage is smaller than a first judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into a low-speed power vehicle application scene;
when the rising rate of the open-circuit voltage is greater than a first judgment value and less than a second judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into an energy storage application scene;
and when the open-circuit voltage rising rate is greater than a second determination value and less than a third determination value, classifying the retired power battery into a standby power application scene.
3. An application scene classification method for retired power batteries is characterized by comprising the following steps:
charging the retired power battery according to a preset charging multiplying factor, and obtaining a third open circuit voltage value V3 of the retired power battery after a preset charging time, wherein the preset charging multiplying factor is 2 multiplying factors, and the preset charging time is 1 minute;
obtaining a fourth circuit voltage value V4 after the retired power battery is placed for a first time, wherein the first time is 20 seconds, and calculating an open circuit voltage reduction value according to the third circuit voltage value V3 and the fourth circuit voltage value V4; calculating the open-circuit voltage drop rate V ═ V3-V4/20 of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage drop value and the first time;
classifying application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage reduction rate and a preset scene classification strategy, wherein the application scenes comprise a low-speed power vehicle application scene, an energy storage application scene and a standby power application scene;
obtaining a classification result of the application scene of the retired power battery determined according to the internal resistance ratio;
verifying the classification result of the application scene of the retired power battery determined according to the open-circuit voltage reduction rate by using the classification result of the application scene of the retired power battery determined according to the internal resistance ratio, wherein the verification comprises the following steps:
if the classification result determined according to the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is the same as the classification result determined according to the internal resistance ratio, taking the classification result determined according to the open-circuit voltage reduction rate as the classification result of the application scene of the retired power battery; if the classification result determined according to the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is different from the classification result determined according to the internal resistance ratio, obtaining a plurality of classification results determined for a plurality of times according to the open-circuit voltage reduction rate and a plurality of classification results determined for a plurality of times according to the internal resistance ratio; and if the times of the same classification result are less than or equal to the preset times, the retired power battery is scrapped.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the preset scene classification strategy is a strategy for classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to a preset fourth determination value, a preset fifth determination value and a preset sixth determination value; the classifying the application scenes of the retired power battery according to the open-circuit voltage reduction rate and by combining a preset scene classification strategy comprises the following steps:
acquiring a fourth judgment value, a fifth judgment value and a sixth judgment value, wherein the fourth judgment value is smaller than the fifth judgment value, and the fifth judgment value is smaller than the sixth judgment value;
when the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is smaller than a fourth judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into a low-speed power vehicle application scene;
when the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is greater than a fourth judgment value and less than a fifth judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into an energy storage application scene;
and when the open-circuit voltage reduction rate is greater than a fifth judgment value and less than a sixth judgment value, classifying the retired power battery into a standby power application scene.
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