CN110530186B - Heat pipe - Google Patents
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- CN110530186B CN110530186B CN201910804557.3A CN201910804557A CN110530186B CN 110530186 B CN110530186 B CN 110530186B CN 201910804557 A CN201910804557 A CN 201910804557A CN 110530186 B CN110530186 B CN 110530186B
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- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- heat
- liquid outlet
- heat pipe
- pipe
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 287
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005307 ferromagnetism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- MALIONKMKPITBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-[2-(4-sulfamoylphenyl)ethyl]acetamide Chemical compound C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC=C1CCNC(=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C(Cl)=C1 MALIONKMKPITBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20336—Heat pipes, e.g. wicks or capillary pumps
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of phase change heat exchange equipment, and discloses a heat pipe, which comprises a pipe shell with a cavity inside, a liquid suction core attached to the inner wall of the pipe shell, a liquid distributor with at least one liquid outlet on the side wall and a thermosensitive liquid outlet component in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid outlet, wherein the liquid distributor is arranged in the cavity; the heat sensitive liquid outlet assembly is configured to close the liquid outlet and is switchable between a closed configuration and an open configuration. When the heat pipe is in a dry-burning state and the temperature is just raised, the cooling liquid can be automatically supplemented to the evaporation section, so that the heat exchange performance of the heat pipe is enhanced, the instantaneous high-efficiency heat dissipation requirement is met, the heat pipe can still work normally under the condition of short-time sudden increase of the heat source power, and the critical heat flow density of the heat pipe is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of phase-change heat exchange equipment, in particular to a heat pipe.
Background
With the development of the technology of the micro-electromechanical system, the integration and high-frequency degree of the electronic device are continuously improved, the characteristic size is continuously reduced, the heating value of unit volume is continuously increased, and the heat dissipation is more difficult due to the compact design of the device, so that the technical problem of high-efficiency heat dissipation is urgently needed to be solved. The traditional air cooling and liquid convection heat exchange technology is difficult to take away a large amount of heat in time, so that the temperature of an electronic device is increased, and the practicability and reliability of the electronic device are greatly reduced. Therefore, the heat dissipation technology of micro space high heat flux has become one of key factors restricting information, electronics, aerospace and national defense and military technologies.
Compared with the traditional air cooling and liquid convection heat exchange, the heat pipe has the advantages that the heat exchange coefficient is remarkably improved, the heat transfer resistance is small, a large amount of heat can be remotely transmitted through a small sectional area without external power, and the heat pipe is a very effective heat dissipation mode. However, the critical heat flux density of the heat pipe still cannot meet the heat dissipation requirement of the high-end electronic device, and the main reason for limiting the critical heat flux density of the heat pipe is limited by the liquid return capability of the liquid suction core, when the evaporation speed of the cooling liquid in the evaporation section is greater than the liquid return speed of the liquid suction core, the heat pipe will enter a dry-heating state, the temperature will be rapidly increased, and the heat pipe will fail, so that the critical heat flux density of the heat pipe still cannot meet the heat dissipation requirement of the high-end electronic device. Especially, when the heat of the heat source of the electronic device suddenly increases to exceed the original design heat exchange limit value of the heat pipe under certain emergency conditions, the electronic device is damaged due to dry burning of the heat pipe, and the safety of the whole electronic system is endangered.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a heat pipe, which is used for solving the problems that the critical heat flux density of the existing heat pipe can not meet the heat dissipation requirement of a high-end electronic device and dry combustion failure is easy to occur so as to strengthen the heat exchange performance of the heat pipe.
The embodiment of the invention provides a heat pipe, which comprises a pipe shell, a liquid suction core, a liquid distributor and a thermosensitive liquid outlet assembly, wherein a cavity is formed in the pipe shell, the liquid suction core is attached to the inner wall of the pipe shell, the liquid distributor is provided with at least one liquid outlet on the side wall, the thermosensitive liquid outlet assemblies are in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid outlets, and the liquid distributor is arranged in the cavity; the heat sensitive liquid outlet assembly is configured to close the liquid outlet and is switchable between a closed configuration and an open configuration.
The thermosensitive liquid outlet component is a bimetallic strip, the bimetallic strip comprises an active layer and a passive layer which are mutually attached, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the active layer is larger than that of the passive layer; the active layer is attached to the liquid outlet.
The thermosensitive liquid outlet component comprises a permanent magnet, a spring piece and a thermosensitive ferrite core, and the permanent magnet is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the liquid distributor; one end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected to the outer side of the liquid distributor, the other end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected to the thermosensitive ferrite core, and the thermosensitive ferrite core is used for being attracted by the permanent magnet so as to drive the elastic sheet to seal the liquid outlet.
The liquid distributor is characterized by further comprising a liquid storage unit arranged outside the tube shell, and at least one liquid inlet connected with the liquid storage unit is arranged at the end part of the liquid distributor.
The shell is divided into an evaporation section, a heat insulation section and a condensation section which are sequentially communicated along the axial direction of the shell, the outer wall of the heat insulation section is coated with a heat insulation layer, and the liquid storage unit is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the heat insulation layer.
The liquid storage device comprises a liquid storage unit, and is characterized in that a capillary tube is arranged at the upper part of the liquid storage unit, one end of the capillary tube is communicated with a liquid storage cavity of the liquid storage unit, and the other end of the capillary tube is connected with a liquid absorption core positioned at the condensation section.
The liquid outlet comprises a liquid outlet hole and a vent hole, the liquid outlet hole faces the evaporation section, and the vent hole faces the condensation section.
Wherein the liquid distributor is mounted to the insulating section and the liquid distributor is adjacent to the evaporation section.
Wherein, the fin is installed to the outer wall of condensation segment.
The liquid absorbing cores are silk screen liquid absorbing cores, groove liquid absorbing cores, filament bundle liquid absorbing cores or sintering liquid absorbing cores.
The heat pipe provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a pipe shell with a cavity inside, a liquid suction core attached to the inner wall of the pipe shell, a liquid distributor with at least one liquid outlet on the side wall and a thermosensitive liquid outlet component corresponding to the liquid outlet one by one, wherein the cavity and the liquid distributor are used for containing cooling liquid, the cooling liquid in the cavity is heated and evaporated at one end of the pipe shell, steam flows to the other end of the pipe shell to release heat and condense, and regenerated cooling liquid flows back to an evaporation section again under the capillary action of the liquid suction core. The evaporation speed of the cooling liquid under the normal working condition is equivalent to the liquid return speed of the liquid suction core, and at the moment, the thermosensitive liquid outlet component is in a closed configuration to seal the liquid outlet; when the power of the heating source is increased due to sudden reasons, so that the liquid return speed of the liquid suction core cannot keep up with the evaporation speed of the cooling liquid, the heat pipe is in a dry heating state, so that the internal temperature of the heat pipe is increased, at the moment, the thermosensitive liquid outlet component is converted into an open configuration due to heating, and the liquid outlet is opened, so that the cooling liquid in the liquid distributor flows into the pipe shell to automatically supplement the cooling liquid. When the heat pipe is in a dry-burning state and the temperature is just raised, the cooling liquid can be automatically supplemented to the evaporation section, so that the heat exchange performance of the heat pipe is enhanced, the instantaneous high-efficiency heat dissipation requirement is met, the heat pipe can still work normally under the condition of short-time sudden increase of the heat source power, and the critical heat flow density of the heat pipe is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a heat pipe in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a heat sensitive liquid discharge assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention in a closed configuration;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the heat sensitive liquid discharge assembly of FIG. 4 in an open configuration;
reference numerals illustrate:
1: a tube shell; 11: a cavity; 12: an evaporation section;
13: an insulation section; 14: a condensing section; 2: a wick;
3: a liquid dispenser; 31: a liquid outlet; 311: a liquid outlet hole;
312: a vent hole; 32: a liquid inlet; 4: bimetallic strips;
5: a liquid storage unit; 51: a capillary tube; 6: a thermal insulation layer;
7: a cooling liquid; 8: a thermosensitive magnetic unit; 81: a permanent magnet;
82: a spring plate; 83: a thermosensitive ferrite core.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for clarity in describing the numbering of the product components and do not represent any substantial distinction unless explicitly stated or defined otherwise. The directions of the upper, the lower, the left and the right are all the directions shown in the drawings. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.
It should be noted that the term "coupled" is to be interpreted broadly, as being able to be coupled directly or indirectly via an intermediary, unless explicitly stated or defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the terms in the embodiments of the invention will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1, and fig. 3 is a top view of a heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a tube shell 1 having a cavity 11 therein, a wick 2 attached to an inner wall of the tube shell 1, a liquid distributor 3 having at least one liquid outlet 31 on a side wall thereof, and a heat-sensitive liquid outlet assembly corresponding to the liquid outlet 31 one by one, wherein the liquid distributor 3 is installed in the cavity 11. The heat sensitive liquid outlet assembly is for closing the liquid outlet and is switchable between a closed configuration and an open configuration.
Specifically, the shell 1 is a closed hollow shell, which may be circular, square or other shape. The cartridge 1 may also be provided with a filling port communicating with the cavity 11, through which the cavity 11 is evacuated and filled with the cooling liquid 7. The cavity 11 has a certain vacuum degree, which can be determined according to the type of the coolant and the boiling point temperature actually required. The cooling liquid 7 may be a low boiling point liquid such as ammonia, ethanol, R21, R113 or water, and the boiling point temperature may be determined according to the temperature to be controlled for a specific heating element (heating source) and thus the type of liquid. The wick 2 is arranged against the inner wall of the cartridge 1. The cooling liquid 7 is heated and evaporated at one end of the tube shell 1, and then exothermically condensed at the other end, a section of the cooling liquid 7 where the cooling liquid is evaporated is called an evaporation section 12, a section of the cooling liquid 7 where the cooling liquid is condensed is called a condensation section 14, and the evaporation section 12 and the condensation section 14 are communicated with each other. The function of the liquid suction core 2 is to convey the cooling liquid 7 condensed in the condensing section 14 back to the evaporating section 12 for liquid supplementing.
When the evaporator is used, the evaporation section 12 is closely attached to the surface of a heating source, heat is absorbed from the heating source and transferred to the cooling liquid 7 in the cavity 11 through heat conduction, so that the cooling liquid 7 absorbs heat and evaporates to form steam, the pressure in the cavity 11 is increased to some extent, the steam is pushed to be conveyed to the condensing section 14 through the cavity 11 to be condensed and released, and the released heat is transferred to the outside through heat conduction of the wall surface of the pipe shell 1. The condensing section can be cooled by air cooling or liquid cooling, and other suitable cooling modes can be selected according to actual conditions. Because the heat pipe adopts a liquid boiling evaporation heat exchange mode, the heat exchange coefficient is higher, and the inside of the heat pipe is in a vapor-liquid two-phase state, the temperature of the cavity 11 is basically at the evaporation temperature of the cooling liquid 7, and the shell 1 has good temperature uniformity.
The liquid distributor 3 is installed in the cavity 11, and can deposit coolant liquid 7 in the liquid distributor 3, and the end connection of liquid distributor 3 is in the inner wall of tube shell 1, and one or more liquid outlets 31 have been seted up to the lateral wall of liquid distributor 3, all set up a corresponding thermosensitive liquid subassembly on every liquid outlet 31, and thermosensitive liquid subassembly can take place state change (like deformation) when the temperature is higher than the default. Under normal working conditions, the thermosensitive liquid outlet component is in a closed configuration, and the liquid outlet 31 is closed; under the special overtemperature working condition, the thermosensitive liquid outlet component is converted into an open configuration, and the liquid outlet 31 is opened, so that the cooling liquid 7 in the liquid distributor 3 is timely fed into the evaporation section, and the evaporation capacity of the heat pipe is ensured.
In practical applications, the evaporation rate of the cooling liquid 7 may be increased due to special situations, such as a sudden increase in the load of the electronic components, resulting in a gradual increase in the heat generation amount of the heat source, and when the heat generation amount of the heat source is increased to a certain value, the evaporation amount of the cooling liquid 7 will be greater than the amount of the cooling liquid 7 sucked and returned from the condensation section 14 by the wick 2, i.e. the evaporation rate of the cooling liquid 7 is greater than the return rate of the wick 2. So that the evaporation section of the tube shell 1 is in a dry-burned state, the temperature inside the heat pipe will rise at a high speed, and for the traditional heat pipe, the heat pipe will fail at this time, which will cause the damage of the electronic component due to the too high temperature, which is mainly limited by the liquid return capacity of the liquid suction core 2 itself, and even if the cooling capacity of the condensation section 14 of the tube shell 1 is required, the liquid return capacity of the liquid suction core 2 itself is limited, which is one of the important reasons for the failure of the heat pipe.
However, in the heat pipe of this embodiment, a certain amount of cooling liquid 7 is stored by the liquid dispenser 3 as a replenishing liquid, and the property that the thermosensitive liquid outlet component changes its state (such as deformation) based on temperature change is utilized to control timely replenishment of the cooling liquid 7. When the heat pipe is in a dry heating state so that the internal temperature is increased to a certain value and is still at the allowable temperature of the surface of the heating source, for example, after the temperature is increased by 5-10 ℃, the surface temperature of the liquid distributor 3 is synchronously increased, so that the temperature of the thermosensitive liquid component arranged at the liquid outlet 31 is also increased, and the state is changed, namely, the liquid distributor 3 is converted into an open configuration from a closed configuration, the cooling liquid 7 in the liquid distributor 3 flows into the cavity 11 through the liquid outlet 31, the evaporation section 12 of the pipe shell 1 is supplemented with the cooling liquid 7, the evaporation section 12 of the heat pipe is supplemented with the liquid returning supplement of the liquid suction core 2 until the liquid returning supplement amount of the cooling liquid 7 is equal to the evaporation amount of the cooling liquid 7 in the evaporation section 12, the heat pipe is restored to the normal working state again, the temperature of the thermosensitive liquid component is restored to the closed configuration again when the temperature of the thermosensitive liquid component is restored to the vapor-liquid two-phase state, and the liquid outlet 31 is closed again.
If the heating value of the heat source is not reduced at this time, after the heat-sensitive liquid outlet component returns and additional liquid supplementing is stopped, the liquid supplementing amount of the evaporation section 12 is insufficient, the temperature of the cavity 11 is raised again, so that the heat-sensitive liquid outlet component is triggered again to open, the evaporation section 12 is supplemented with liquid again, and the operation is repeated until the external special condition returns to normal, and the heating value of the heat source returns to normal. The critical heat flow density of the heat pipe is improved to a certain extent, and the accident that the heat pipe is invalid due to the sudden increase of the heat productivity of the heat source under special conditions, so that the electronic element is damaged due to insufficient heat dissipation can be avoided.
The embodiment provides a heat pipe, including the inside shell that is equipped with the cavity and paste the wick of locating the inner wall of shell, still include the lateral wall be equipped with the liquid distributor of at least one liquid outlet and with the thermosensitive liquid subassembly of liquid outlet one-to-one, all be used for splendid attire coolant liquid in cavity and the liquid distributor, the coolant liquid in the cavity is heated at the one end of shell and evaporates, steam flow is to the exothermic condensation of the other end of shell, the coolant liquid of regeneration flows back to the evaporation zone again under the capillary action of wick. The evaporation speed of the cooling liquid under the normal working condition is equivalent to the liquid return speed of the liquid suction core, and at the moment, the thermosensitive liquid outlet component is in a closed configuration to seal the liquid outlet; when the power of the heating source is increased due to sudden reasons, so that the liquid return speed of the liquid suction core cannot keep up with the evaporation speed of the cooling liquid, the heat pipe is in a dry heating state, so that the internal temperature of the heat pipe is increased, at the moment, the thermosensitive liquid outlet component is converted into an open configuration due to heating, and the liquid outlet is opened, so that the cooling liquid in the liquid distributor flows into the pipe shell to automatically supplement the cooling liquid. When the heat pipe is in a dry-burning state and the temperature is just raised, the cooling liquid can be automatically supplemented to the evaporation section, so that the heat exchange performance of the heat pipe is enhanced, the instantaneous high-efficiency heat dissipation requirement is met, the heat pipe can still work normally under the condition of short-time sudden increase of the heat source power, and the critical heat flow density of the heat pipe is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 1-2, the thermosensitive liquid outlet component is a bimetallic strip 4, the bimetallic strip 4 includes an active layer and a passive layer that are attached to each other, the thermal expansion coefficient of the active layer is greater than that of the passive layer, and the active layer is attached to the liquid outlet 31. Specifically, the bimetal 4 may be installed on the inner wall surface or the outer wall surface of the liquid dispenser 3 at a position corresponding to the liquid outlet 31, and the active layer is attached to the liquid outlet 31. When the heat pipe is in a dry heating state and the internal temperature of the heat pipe is raised, the bimetallic strip 4 bends towards the side of the passive layer with low expansion coefficient after being heated due to the different expansion coefficients of the metal materials of the active layer and the passive layer, and is converted from a closed configuration to an open configuration, so that the liquid outlet 31 is opened, and the cooling liquid 7 in the liquid distributor 3 flows into the evaporation section 12 from the liquid outlet 31 to automatically supplement the liquid.
In this embodiment, the bimetal 4 is mounted on the inner wall surface of the liquid distributor 3, and when the heat pipe is in the dry-burned state, the active layer is directly attached to the liquid outlet 31, and the active layer is expanded due to the temperature rise, and the passive layer is directly contacted with the cooling liquid 7 in the liquid distributor 3, although the cooling liquid 7 in the liquid distributor 3 is also subjected to endothermic boiling evaporation due to the temperature rise of the cavity 11, but still in the vapor-liquid two-phase state, the temperature is still the boiling temperature of the cooling liquid 7, the temperature is slightly lower than the temperature of the evaporation section 12 at this time, further the expansion of the passive layer is reduced, and the expansion coefficient of the passive layer is smaller than that of the active layer, so that the bimetal 4 is bent toward the inside of the liquid distributor 3, thereby opening the liquid outlet of the liquid distributor 3.
Further, as shown in fig. 4 to 5, the thermosensitive liquid outlet assembly may further adopt a thermosensitive magnetic unit 8, which includes a permanent magnet 81, a spring 82 and a thermosensitive ferrite core 83, where the permanent magnet 81 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the liquid dispenser 3. The left end of the spring 82 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the liquid distributor 3, the right end of the spring 82 is fixedly connected to the thermosensitive ferrite core 83, and the thermosensitive ferrite core 83 is used for being attracted by the permanent magnet 81 so as to drive the spring 82 to seal the liquid outlet 31.
Specifically, the thermosensitive ferrite core 83 is made of a thermosensitive ferrite material, which is a ferrite material of various thermosensitive elements made by utilizing the characteristics of the magnetic permeability and saturation magnetization of ferrite that vary with temperature. The thermosensitive ferrite material is characterized in that the magnetism of the thermosensitive ferrite material suddenly changes near the Curie point: when the temperature reaches the Curie point, the magnetic permeability and the saturation magnetic flux density of the magnetic flux are suddenly reduced, and the ferromagnetism disappears; when the temperature returns to below the curie point, the ferromagnetism is recovered. The thermosensitive ferrite material may be a mixed sintered body of iron oxide and oxides of other transition metals. Therefore, the temperature-sensitive ferrite material with the Curie point near the temperature value can be reasonably selected according to the temperature value of the evaporation section 12 when the liquid is required to be replenished.
As shown in fig. 4, when the heat pipe is in a normal working condition, the evaporation speed of the cooling liquid 7 is equal to the reflux speed of the liquid suction core 2, at this time, the temperature of the evaporation section 12 is always kept at a normal temperature value, which is lower than the curie point of the thermosensitive ferrite core 83, so that the permanent magnet 81 can attract the thermosensitive ferrite core 83, at this time, the elastic sheet 82 can seal the liquid outlet 31, and the thermosensitive liquid outlet assembly is in a closed configuration.
As shown in fig. 5, when the heat pipe is in an abnormal overtemperature condition such as dry heating, the evaporation rate of the cooling liquid 7 is greater than the reflux rate of the liquid suction core 2, at this time, the temperature of the evaporation section 12 rises to exceed a normal temperature value, and the curie point of the thermosensitive ferrite core 83 is reached, so that the ferromagnetism of the thermosensitive ferrite core 83 disappears, the permanent magnet 81 cannot attract the thermosensitive ferrite core 83, at this time, the elastic sheet 82 is bent downwards under the gravity action of the thermosensitive ferrite core 83 to deform, the liquid outlet 31 is opened, and the thermosensitive liquid outlet component is in an open configuration.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the liquid dispenser further comprises a liquid storage unit 5 arranged outside the tube shell 1, and at least one liquid inlet 32 connected to the liquid storage unit 5 is arranged at the end of the liquid dispenser 3. In particular, the liquid storage unit 5 may be one or more liquid storage tanks, in which a cooling liquid 7 is filled. The lowest point of the liquid storage unit 5 is connected with the liquid inlet 32 of the liquid distributor 3, so that the liquid level in the liquid storage tank is higher than the liquid inlet 32, and the liquid distributor 3 can be timely replenished by utilizing the action of gravity. In the present embodiment, the liquid dispenser 3 is an elongated tube provided along the radial direction of the tube housing 1, and the liquid storage unit 5 is two vertical liquid storage tanks closely attached to the outer wall surface of the tube housing 1, but the liquid storage unit 5 is not limited thereto. The two liquid storage tanks are oppositely arranged on two sides of the liquid distributor 3, the left end part of the liquid distributor 3 is provided with a liquid inlet 32 which is communicated with the liquid storage tank on the left side, and the right end part of the liquid distributor 3 is provided with a liquid storage tank on the right side which is communicated with the liquid inlet 32.
Further, the shell 1 is divided into an evaporation section 12, a heat insulation section 13 and a condensation section 14 which are sequentially communicated along the axial direction of the shell 1, the outer wall of the heat insulation section 13 is coated with a heat insulation layer 6, and the liquid storage unit 5 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the heat insulation layer 6. Specifically, the heat insulating layer 6 may be made of a heat insulating material such as heat insulating cotton, polystyrene board, or the like. The heat insulation layer 6 can isolate the liquid storage unit 5 from the tube shell 1, so that heat on the wall surface is prevented from being directly transferred to the cooling liquid 7 in the liquid storage unit 5 through the wall surface of the tube shell 1, and heat absorption and evaporation of the liquid are prevented.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, a capillary tube 51 is disposed at the upper portion of the liquid storage unit 5, the lower end of the capillary tube 51 is communicated with the liquid storage cavity of the liquid storage unit 5, and the upper end of the capillary tube 51 is connected with the liquid suction core 2 located in the condensation section 14. Specifically, when the thermosensitive liquid outlet assembly is in an open configuration, after the cooling liquid 7 in the liquid distributor 3 flows into the cavity 11, the cooling liquid 7 in the liquid storage unit 5 supplements the liquid distributor 3 through the liquid inlet 32 below the thermosensitive liquid outlet assembly under the action of gravity, meanwhile, the upper part of the liquid storage unit 5 is communicated with the liquid suction core 2 in the condensation section 14 through the capillary tube 51, when the liquid level of the cooling liquid 7 in the liquid storage unit 5 drops due to flowing into the liquid distributor 3, the pressure in the liquid storage unit 5 is reduced, and the cooling liquid 7 in the liquid suction core 2 in the condensation section 14 flows into the liquid storage unit 5 through the capillary tube 51 to supplement the cooling liquid 7, so that the liquid level in the liquid storage unit 5 is maintained. By providing the capillary tube 51, the liquid coolant 7 can be sucked from the liquid suction core 2 of the condensation section 14, and the liquid storage unit 5 can be replenished.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the liquid outlet 31 includes a liquid outlet hole 311 and a vent hole 312, the liquid outlet hole 311 faces the evaporation section 12, and the vent hole 312 faces the condensation section 14. Specifically, the lower surface of the liquid dispenser 3 may be a plane, the upper surface may be arched, the middle position is arched, and the vicinity of two sides of the highest point is provided with the vent holes 312, and the vent holes 312 are opened and closed by adopting the thermosensitive liquid outlet component. When the cooling liquid 7 in the liquid distributor 3 may be vaporized by heat absorption, the vapor may be discharged by opening the vent hole 312. When the cooling liquid 7 in the liquid distributor 3 does not form steam, the liquid can be replenished into the cavity 11 through the opening of the vent hole 312, and the action of the liquid replenishing device is the same as that of the liquid outlet hole 311.
Further, the liquid distributor 3 is mounted to the heat insulating section 13, and the liquid distributor 3 is close to the evaporation section 12. In particular, the liquid distributor 3 may be mounted at the interface of the evaporation section 12 and the insulation section 13.
Further, the outer wall of the condensing section 14 is fitted with fins. The heat exchange area can be increased by additionally installing fins and the like outside the condensing section 14, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the condensing section 14 is enhanced.
Further, the pressure of the cavity 11 may be negative pressure, so that the boiling point of the cooling liquid 7 is reduced, evaporation is easier, the evaporation temperature is lower, and the boiling point of the cooling liquid 7 can be controlled by controlling the negative pressure value in the cavity 11 according to actual needs.
Further, the wick 2 may be a wire mesh wick, a grooved wick, a tow wick, or a sintered wick.
According to the embodiment, the heat pipe comprises a pipe shell with a cavity inside, a liquid suction core attached to the inner wall of the pipe shell, a liquid distributor with at least one liquid outlet on the side wall and a thermosensitive liquid outlet component corresponding to the liquid outlet one by one, wherein the cavity and the liquid distributor are used for containing cooling liquid, the cooling liquid in the cavity is heated and evaporated at one end of the pipe shell, steam flows to the other end of the pipe shell to release heat and condense, and regenerated cooling liquid flows back to the evaporation section again under the capillary action of the liquid suction core. The evaporation speed of the cooling liquid under the normal working condition is equivalent to the liquid return speed of the liquid suction core, and at the moment, the thermosensitive liquid outlet component is in a closed configuration to seal the liquid outlet; when the power of the heating source is increased due to sudden reasons, so that the liquid return speed of the liquid suction core cannot keep up with the evaporation speed of the cooling liquid, the heat pipe is in a dry heating state, so that the internal temperature of the heat pipe is increased, at the moment, the thermosensitive liquid outlet component is converted into an open configuration due to heating, and the liquid outlet is opened, so that the cooling liquid in the liquid distributor flows into the pipe shell to automatically supplement the cooling liquid. When the heat pipe is in a dry-burning state and the temperature is just raised, the cooling liquid can be automatically supplemented to the evaporation section, so that the heat exchange performance of the heat pipe is enhanced, the instantaneous high-efficiency heat dissipation requirement is met, the heat pipe can still work normally under the condition of short-time sudden increase of the heat source power, and the critical heat flow density of the heat pipe is improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The heat pipe comprises a pipe shell with a cavity inside, and a liquid suction core attached to the inner wall of the pipe shell, and is characterized by further comprising a liquid distributor with at least one liquid outlet on the side wall, a thermosensitive liquid outlet component in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid outlet, and a liquid storage unit arranged outside the pipe shell, wherein the liquid distributor is arranged in the cavity; the heat sensitive liquid outlet assembly is used for closing the liquid outlet, and the heat sensitive liquid outlet assembly can be switched between a closed configuration and an open configuration;
the end part of the liquid distributor is provided with at least one liquid inlet connected with the liquid storage unit; the liquid storage unit can be one or more liquid storage tanks, and cooling liquid is filled in the liquid storage tanks; the lowest point of the liquid storage unit is connected with the liquid inlet of the liquid distributor;
The shell is divided into an evaporation section, a heat insulation section and a condensation section which are sequentially communicated along the axial direction of the shell, the outer wall of the heat insulation section is coated with a heat insulation layer, and the liquid storage unit is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the heat insulation layer;
The upper portion of stock solution unit is equipped with the capillary, the one end intercommunication of capillary stock solution unit's stock solution chamber, the other end of capillary with be located the condensation segment the liquid suction core links to each other.
2. The heat pipe of claim 1, wherein the heat sensitive liquid outlet component is a bimetallic strip, the bimetallic strip comprises an active layer and a passive layer which are attached to each other, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the active layer is larger than that of the passive layer; the active layer is attached to the liquid outlet.
3. The heat pipe of claim 1, wherein the heat sensitive liquid outlet assembly comprises a permanent magnet, a spring plate and a heat sensitive ferrite core, the permanent magnet being fixedly connected to an inner wall of the liquid distributor; one end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected to the outer side of the liquid distributor, the other end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected to the thermosensitive ferrite core, and the thermosensitive ferrite core is used for being attracted by the permanent magnet so as to drive the elastic sheet to seal the liquid outlet.
4. The heat pipe of claim 1 wherein the liquid outlet includes a liquid outlet aperture facing the evaporator section and a vent aperture facing the condenser section.
5. The heat pipe of claim 1 wherein the liquid distributor is mounted to the insulated section and the liquid distributor is proximate the evaporator section.
6. The heat pipe of claim 1 wherein the outer wall of the condensing section is fitted with fins.
7. The heat pipe of claim 1, wherein the wick is a wire mesh wick, a grooved wick, a tow wick, or a sintered wick.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910804557.3A CN110530186B (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Heat pipe |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910804557.3A CN110530186B (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Heat pipe |
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| CN110530186B true CN110530186B (en) | 2024-05-10 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3613459A1 (en) * | 1986-04-21 | 1987-10-22 | Inst Fuer Kerntechnik & Energ | Heat transfer device |
| JP2002062066A (en) * | 2000-08-11 | 2002-02-28 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Heat pipe |
| CN204513305U (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-07-29 | 湖南中科热控技术有限公司 | Heat sink, heat abstractor and LED bay light cooling system |
| CN105757962A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-07-13 | 伍柏峰 | Multi-mode water heater |
| CN210625431U (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2020-05-26 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Heat pipe |
-
2019
- 2019-08-28 CN CN201910804557.3A patent/CN110530186B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3613459A1 (en) * | 1986-04-21 | 1987-10-22 | Inst Fuer Kerntechnik & Energ | Heat transfer device |
| JP2002062066A (en) * | 2000-08-11 | 2002-02-28 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Heat pipe |
| CN204513305U (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-07-29 | 湖南中科热控技术有限公司 | Heat sink, heat abstractor and LED bay light cooling system |
| CN105757962A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-07-13 | 伍柏峰 | Multi-mode water heater |
| CN210625431U (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2020-05-26 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Heat pipe |
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