CN110527579A - A kind of synthetic method of lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol - Google Patents
A kind of synthetic method of lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol Download PDFInfo
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- CN110527579A CN110527579A CN201910819683.6A CN201910819683A CN110527579A CN 110527579 A CN110527579 A CN 110527579A CN 201910819683 A CN201910819683 A CN 201910819683A CN 110527579 A CN110527579 A CN 110527579A
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- mixed esters
- pentaerythritol
- base oil
- lube base
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of synthetic methods of lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol, it is using pentaerythrite, short chain acids, long chain acid as raw material, under the action of catalyst and water entrainer, 3-9h is reacted at 130 DEG C -200 DEG C, introduce short chain acids group and long-chain acid groups respectively in pentaerythrite structure, it is post-treated to obtain mixed esters of pentaerythritol.The present invention is used for the synthesis of lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol by using above-mentioned technology; its reaction condition is mild, subsequent processing is simple, low in cost; suitable for industrial production; obtained mixed esters of pentaerythritol pour point is low, flash-point is high; can at relatively broad temperature normal use, and its biological degradability is good, is conducive to protect environment and sustainable development.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of material synthesis technology of lubricating oil, and in particular to a kind of lube base oil pentaerythrite is mixed
Close the synthetic method of ester.
Background technique
Lubricating oil in the case of a relative movement, all can as the indispensable material of mechanical movement, any machine components
Generate fretting wear, so lubricating oil to maintain mechanism operation and improve mechanical life serve it is very crucial.
There are many type of lubricating oil, can be divided into lubricating oil, semisolid lubricating oil, solid according to its room temperature physical state
Lubricating oil and gas lubricating oil.Usually largely use lubricating oil and semisolid lubricating oil.According to its source and composition
Natural oil (i.e. animal and plant grease), mineral grease and Synthetic Oil can be divided into again, development course is developed from natural oil
To mineral grease, synthetic lubricant fluid is further developed to.
Mineral lubricating oil is most common lubricating oil, but mineral lubricant oil product have it is clearly disadvantageous.Firstly, mineral
The pour point of the poor performance at low temperatures of lube base oil, especially thick oil is generally all at -10 DEG C hereinafter, in cold winter
Field operation is difficult to start.Secondly, mineral lubricant oil base oil starts rapid oxidation at 120 DEG C, various additives are being added
It can be just used for a long time at 150 DEG C afterwards, but service life is very short at a higher temperature.And traditional mineral based lubricating oil its life
Object degradability is poor, with the rapid development of economy, machinery is intended to high-endization, precise treatment, this proposes us to lubricating oil
Increasingly higher demands.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of degradations of green bio
Property is good, pour point is low, flash-point is high, can be in the synthesis side of the lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol of normal use under high/low temperature
Method.
A kind of synthetic method of lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol, feature is with pentaerythrite, short chain
Acid, long chain acid are that raw material reacts 3-9h at 130 DEG C -200 DEG C under the action of catalyst and water entrainer, in pentaerythrite knot
Short chain acids group and long-chain acid groups are introduced in structure respectively, it is post-treated to obtain mixed esters of pentaerythritol.
The synthetic method of the lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol, it is characterised in that last handling process are as follows: true
Sky removes water entrainer and unreacted acid obtains thick ester, then acid lye a small amount of in thick ester is neutralized, washing, layering, organic
Layer vaccum dewatering, obtains light yellow clear liquid mixed esters of pentaerythritol.
The synthetic method of the lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol, it is characterised in that short chain acids are short chain unitary
Carboxylic acid, preferably propionic acid, n-butyric acie, isobutyric acid or valeric acid.
The synthetic method of the lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol, it is characterised in that long chain acid is long-chain unitary
Carboxylic acid, preferably octanoic acid, oleic acid or isooctyl acid.
The synthetic method of the lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol, it is characterised in that water entrainer is propione,
The quality that feeds intake is the 15-25% of total mass of raw material.
The synthetic method of the lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol, it is characterised in that catalyst is resin catalysis
Agent, preferably acid-exchange resin, the quality that feeds intake are the 1-5% of total mass of raw material.
The synthetic method of the lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol, it is characterised in that pentaerythrite, short chain acids,
The molar ratio of long chain acid is 1:3.5-4.0:0.5-1.0.
The synthetic method of the lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol, it is characterised in that the lye of neutralization is carbon
Sour sodium, concentration 1mol/L.
By using above-mentioned technology, compared with prior art, what the present invention obtained is had the beneficial effect that
1) present invention is using resin, especially acid-exchange resin as catalyst (solid acid), relatively conventional catalyst
For, have many advantages, such as non-corrosive, easily separated, cheap, and under the action of defined catalyst, can greatly improve
Its esterification yield, esterification yield of the invention are 97.5% or more, up to 99.3%；
2) present invention is by the way that short chain monocarboxylic acid and long-chain monocarboxylic acid to be embedded in ester molecule simultaneously, and passes through adjusting additional amount
Difference 100 DEG C of kinematic viscosity can be made in 4.2-7.2mm to adjust the kinematic viscosity of pentaerythritol ester2/ s expands production
The application range of product；
3) reaction condition of the invention is mild, and subsequent processing is simple, low in cost, is suitable for industrial production, obtained pentaerythrite
Mixed ester pour point is lower at -40 DEG C -- 60 DEG C, flash-point be greater than 250 DEG C, can at relatively broad temperature normal use, and its give birth to
Object degradability is greater than 90%, is conducive to protect environment and sustainable development.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further explained in the light of specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1:
75g pentaerythrite, 196.91 g valeric acids and 79.44g octanoic acid are sequentially added in the tower reactor of the rectifying column equipped with water segregator, is claimed
Take 3.51gHND-580 acid-exchange resin (being purchased from the big synthesis Chemical Co., Ltd. in Jiangyin City south) in the tower reactor of rectifying column
In, 70.27g3- pentanone is added, is heated to 150-170 DEG C, is stirred at reflux a point water reaction 7h in tower reactor.After fully reacting, In
Vacuum degree is not less than 0.098Mpa, is warming up to 190 DEG C, vacuum distillation removes most of unreacted acid and water entrainer, then uses
The sodium carbonate liquor of 1mol/L neutralizes, washing, liquid separation, and organic layer in vacuo removes moisture, obtains yellow oily transparency liquid, is esterified
Rate is 98.5%, and pour point is -55 DEG C, and flash-point is 255 DEG C, and 100 DEG C of kinematic viscosity is 6.2mm2/s。
Embodiment 2:
75g pentaerythrite, 196.91g valeric acid are sequentially added in the tower reactor of the rectifying column equipped with water segregator, 39.72g octanoic acid weighs
3.11HND-580 acid-exchange resin (being purchased from the big synthesis Chemical Co., Ltd. in Jiangyin City south) in the tower reactor of rectifying column,
62.3g3- pentanone is added, is heated to 150-170 DEG C, a point water reaction 5h is stirred at reflux in tower reactor, after fully reacting, in vacuum
Degree is not less than 0.098Mpa, is warming up to 190 DEG C, vacuum distillation removes most of unreacted acid and water entrainer, then uses 1mol/L
Sodium carbonate liquor neutralize, washing, liquid separation, organic layer in vacuo remove moisture, obtain yellow oily transparency liquid, esterification yield is
97%, pour point is -54 DEG C, and flash-point is 253 DEG C, and 100 DEG C of kinematic viscosity is 4.5mm2/s。
Embodiment 3:
75g pentaerythrite is sequentially added in the tower reactor of the rectifying column equipped with water segregator, 225.05g valeric acid, 79.44g isooctyl acid,
Claim 7.58 HND-580 acid-exchange resins (being purchased from the big synthesis Chemical Co., Ltd. in Jiangyin City south) in the tower of rectifying column,
68.3g3- pentanone is added, is heated to 150-170 DEG C, a point water reaction 6h is stirred at reflux in tower reactor, after fully reacting, in vacuum
Degree is not less than 0.098Mpa, is warming up to 190 DEG C, vacuum distillation removes most of unreacted acid and water entrainer, then uses 1mol/L
Sodium carbonate liquor neutralize, washing, liquid separation, organic layer in vacuo remove moisture, obtain yellow oily transparency liquid, esterification yield is
99.3%, pour point is -54 DEG C, and flash-point is 260 DEG C, and 100 DEG C of kinematic viscosity is 7.1mm2/s。
Embodiment 4:
75g pentaerythrite is sequentially added in the tower reactor of the rectifying column equipped with water segregator, and 194.15g isobutyric acid, 79.44g is different pungent
Acid claims 6.97g HND-580 acid-exchange resin (being purchased from the big synthesis Chemical Co., Ltd. in Jiangyin City south) in rectifying column
In tower reactor, 69.71g3- pentanone is added, is heated to 150-170 DEG C, is stirred at reflux a point water reaction 6h, fully reacting in tower reactor
Afterwards, it is not less than 0.098Mpa in vacuum degree, is warming up to 190 DEG C, vacuum distillation removes most of unreacted acid and water entrainer, then
It is neutralized with the sodium carbonate liquor of 1mol/L, washing, liquid separation, organic layer in vacuo removes moisture, obtains yellow oily transparency liquid, ester
Rate is 98.6%, and pour point is -57 DEG C, and flash-point is 265 DEG C, and 100 DEG C of kinematic viscosity is 6.5mm2/s。
Embodiment 5:
75g pentaerythrite is sequentially added in the tower reactor of the rectifying column equipped with water segregator, and 194.15g n-butyric acie, 79.44g is different pungent
Acid claims 3.48g HND-580 acid-exchange resin (being purchased from the big synthesis Chemical Co., Ltd. in Jiangyin City south) in rectifying column
In in tower reactor, 69.7g3- pentanone is added, is heated to 150-170 DEG C, is stirred at reflux a point water reaction 7h, fully reacting in tower reactor
Afterwards, it is not less than 0.098Mpa in vacuum degree, is warming up to 190 DEG C, vacuum distillation removes most of unreacted acid and water entrainer, then
It is neutralized with the sodium carbonate liquor of 1mol/L, washing, liquid separation, organic layer in vacuo removes moisture, obtains yellow oily transparency liquid, ester
Rate is 98.3%, and pour point is -51 DEG C, and flash-point is 251 DEG C, and 100 DEG C of kinematic viscosity is 5.3mm2/s。
Embodiment 6:
75g pentaerythrite, 194.15g n-butyric acie are sequentially added in the tower reactor of the rectifying column equipped with water segregator, 77.81g oleic acid claims
3.47g HND-580 acid-exchange resin (being purchased from the big synthesis Chemical Co., Ltd. in Jiangyin City south) is in the tower reactor of rectifying column
In, 69.4g3- pentanone is added, is heated to 150-170 DEG C, a point water reaction 7h is stirred at reflux in tower reactor, after fully reacting, true
Reciprocal of duty cycle is not less than 0.098Mpa, is warming up to 190 DEG C, vacuum distillation removes most of unreacted acid and water entrainer, then uses 1mol/
The sodium carbonate liquor of L neutralizes, washing, liquid separation, and organic layer in vacuo removes moisture, obtains yellow oily transparency liquid, esterification yield is
97.5%, pour point is -56 DEG C, and flash-point is 270 DEG C, and 100 DEG C of kinematic viscosity is 6.8mm2/s。
Embodiment 7:
75g pentaerythrite, 163g propionic acid are sequentially added in the tower reactor of the rectifying column equipped with water segregator, 77.81g oleic acid claims
3.15g HND-580 acid-exchange resin (being purchased from the big synthesis Chemical Co., Ltd. in Jiangyin City south) is in the tower reactor of rectifying column
In, 60.5g3- pentanone is added, is heated to 150-170 DEG C, a point water reaction 7h is stirred at reflux in tower reactor, after fully reacting, true
Reciprocal of duty cycle is not less than 0.098Mpa, is warming up to 190 DEG C, most of unreacted acid and water entrainer is removed in vacuum, then with 1mol/L's
Sodium carbonate liquor neutralizes, washing, liquid separation, and organic layer in vacuo removes moisture, obtains yellow oily transparency liquid, esterification yield 98%,
Pour point is -52 DEG C, and flash-point is 265 DEG C, and 100 DEG C of kinematic viscosity is 5.5mm2/s。
Embodiment 8:
75g pentaerythrite, 163g propionic acid are sequentially added in the tower reactor of the rectifying column equipped with water segregator, 79.44 g isooctyl acids claim
3.17g HND-580 acid-exchange resin (being purchased from the big synthesis Chemical Co., Ltd. in Jiangyin City south) is in the tower reactor of rectifying column
In, 60.3g3- pentanone is added, is heated to 150-170 DEG C, a point water reaction 7h is stirred at reflux in tower reactor, after fully reacting, true
Reciprocal of duty cycle is not less than 0.098Mpa, is warming up to 190 DEG C, vacuum distillation removes most of unreacted acid and water entrainer, then uses 1mol/
The sodium carbonate liquor of L neutralizes, washing, liquid separation, and organic layer in vacuo removes moisture, obtains yellow oily transparency liquid, esterification yield is
98.8%, pour point is -53 DEG C, and flash-point is 255 DEG C, and 100 DEG C of kinematic viscosity is 4.2mm2/s。
Claims (8)
1. a kind of synthetic method of lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol, feature is with pentaerythrite, short chain acids, long chain acid
3-9h is reacted at 130 DEG C -200 DEG C under the action of catalyst and water entrainer for raw material, in pentaerythrite structure respectively
Short chain acids group and long-chain acid groups are introduced, it is post-treated to obtain mixed esters of pentaerythritol.
2. the synthetic method of lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol according to claim 1, it is characterised in that rear place
Reason process are as follows: water entrainer is removed in vacuum and unreacted acid obtains thick ester, then acid lye a small amount of in thick ester is neutralized, water
It washes, be layered, organic layer in vacuo water removal obtains light yellow clear liquid mixed esters of pentaerythritol.
3. the synthetic method of lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol according to claim 1, it is characterised in that short chain
Acid is short chain monocarboxylic acid, preferably propionic acid, n-butyric acie, isobutyric acid or valeric acid.
4. the synthetic method of lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol according to claim 1, it is characterised in that long-chain
Acid is long-chain monocarboxylic acid, preferably octanoic acid, oleic acid or isooctyl acid.
5. the synthetic method of lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol according to claim 1, it is characterised in that band water
Agent is propione, and the quality that feeds intake is the 15-25% of total mass of raw material.
6. the synthetic method of lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol according to claim 1, it is characterised in that catalysis
Agent is resin catalyst, preferably acid-exchange resin, and the quality that feeds intake is the 1-5% of total mass of raw material.
7. the synthetic method of lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol according to claim 1, it is characterised in that season penta
Tetrol, short chain acids, long chain acid molar ratio be 1:3.5-4.0:0.5-1.0.
8. the synthetic method of lube base oil mixed esters of pentaerythritol according to claim 1, it is characterised in that neutralize
Lye is sodium carbonate liquor, concentration 1mol/L.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112080531A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-15 | 山东吉青化工有限公司 | Preparation method of pentaerythritol monocarboxylic ester plasticizer and application of pentaerythritol monocarboxylic ester plasticizer in medical PVC (polyvinyl chloride) products |
| CN112876363A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-01 | 盘锦洪鼎化工有限公司 | Preparation method of pentaerythritol tetraisooctanoate |
| CN113173849A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Pentaerythritol ester base oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN115417765A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-02 | 新乡市瑞丰新材料股份有限公司 | Low-pour-point pentaerythritol oleic acid composite ester and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112080531A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-15 | 山东吉青化工有限公司 | Preparation method of pentaerythritol monocarboxylic ester plasticizer and application of pentaerythritol monocarboxylic ester plasticizer in medical PVC (polyvinyl chloride) products |
| CN112080531B (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2023-08-08 | 山东吉青化工有限公司 | Preparation method of pentaerythritol monocarboxylic ester plasticizer and application of plasticizer in medical PVC (polyvinyl chloride) product |
| CN112876363A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-01 | 盘锦洪鼎化工有限公司 | Preparation method of pentaerythritol tetraisooctanoate |
| CN112876363B (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2022-05-13 | 盘锦洪鼎化工有限公司 | Preparation method of pentaerythritol tetraisooctanoate |
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| CN115417765A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-02 | 新乡市瑞丰新材料股份有限公司 | Low-pour-point pentaerythritol oleic acid composite ester and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20191203 |