CN110526629B - 一种文物建筑混凝土材料制作配方的还原方法 - Google Patents
一种文物建筑混凝土材料制作配方的还原方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
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Abstract
本发明公开一种文物建筑混凝土材料制作配方的还原方法，通过计算文物建筑混凝土材料样品的矿物组分含量特征值，包括CaO/SiO2、CaO/Al2O3、CaO/Fe2O3、Al2O3/Fe2O3等等，将样品的矿物组分含量特征值与参照配方的矿物组分含量特征值进行对比，分析出文物建筑混凝土材料样品的制作配方。本发明能解决高度碳化的建筑混凝土材料的制作配方还原技术问题，包括文物建筑混凝土材料以及现代建筑混凝土材料的制作配方还原技术问题；可在不损害文物建筑的基础上，直接对文物建筑现场的混凝土材料进行配方分析，实现文物建筑混凝土材料工艺的无损伤考古和配方研究。同时，该方法能成为现代混凝土材料化学成分研究的辅助方法。
Description
技术领域
此技术用于文物建筑材料考古，用于分析文物建筑混凝土材料（或胶凝材料）固化物的制作配方，同时也适用于现代建筑混凝土的制作配方还原。
背景技术
文物建筑混凝土材料的制作配方还原问题，特别是高度碳化的建筑混凝土材料制作配方的还原问题，一直是一个没有被解决的问题。
与本发明相近的技术是，建筑胶凝材料（胶凝材料是混凝土材料的主要组成部分。）化学成分的分析与测定方法以及其相关设备的使用方法。现有分析方法运用化学分析和光谱分析方法，分析建筑胶凝材料固化物的矿物组分与化学成分，但未能解决建筑胶凝材料（或混凝土材料）固化物制作配方的分析还原问题。因此，在文物建筑考古中，我们很难根据文物混凝土材料的固化物，得到其制作配方。这一问题妨碍了材料工艺的考古工作。
与此同时，这个问题也存在于现代建筑材料的分析工作中，不利于建筑混凝土材料的研究。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是：提供一种文物建筑混凝土材料制作配方的还原方法，能解决高度碳化的混凝土材料制作配方的还原技术问题，其中包括文物建筑混凝土材料以及现代建筑胶凝材料的制作配方还原问题。本发明能在不损害文物建筑的基础上，直接在文物建筑现场，对其中的混凝土材料固化物进行分析，得出文物混凝土材料的制作配方，实现文物混凝土材料工艺的无损伤考古和配方研究。同时，该方法能成为现代混凝土材料化学成分研究的辅助方法。
本发明的技术方案如下：提供一种文物建筑混凝土材料制作配方的还原方法，其组成为：
第一，对现场或实验室的文物混凝土固化物样品，用50℃至80℃的热风，加热20至30分钟，使水分蒸发。
第二，对于现场的文物混凝土样品，需用砂纸打磨表面。对于实验室样品，应研磨成标准粉末。
第三，用XRF（台式或便携式）设备或红外光谱仪，对文物混凝土材料固化物样品进行矿物组分分析，检测出CaO、SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3、SO3、TiO2等矿物组分含量。
第四，计算文物混凝土材料样品的矿物组分含量特征值，包括CaO/SiO2、CaO/Al2O3、CaO/Fe2O3、Al2O3/Fe2O3、SiO2/Al2O3、SiO2/Fe2O3、CaO/SO3、SiO2/ SO3、CaO/TiO2等。
第五，根据文物混凝土材料样品所产生的年代，调查当时当地混凝土材料制作的常用配方。同时根据理论资料，列出可能存在的混凝土材料制作配方。根据调查及理论分析所得的配方（称为“参照配方”），以及混凝土水化反应和碳化反应的特点，计算列出每个参照配方的矿物组分含量特征值。
第六，将样品的矿物组分含量特征值与参照配方的矿物组分含量特征值进行对比，各特征值的数值相差不超过15%的参照配方为样品的原制作配方。
附图说明
说明书附图图1，是本技术方案的实施流程图。
具体实施方式
第一，对现场或实验室的文物混凝土固化物样品，用50℃至80℃的热风，加热20至30分钟，使水分蒸发。
第二，对于现场的文物混凝土样品，需用砂纸打磨表面。对于实验室样品，应研磨成标准粉末。
第三，用XRF（台式或便携式）设备或红外光谱仪，对文物混凝土材料固化物样品进行矿物组分分析，检测出CaO、SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3、SO3、TiO2等矿物组分含量。
第四，计算文物混凝土材料样品的矿物组分含量特征值，包括CaO/SiO2、CaO/Al2O3、CaO/Fe2O3、Al2O3/Fe2O3、SiO2/Al2O3、SiO2/Fe2O3、CaO/SO3、SiO2/SO3、CaO/TiO2等。
第五，根据文物混凝土材料样品所产生的年代，调查当时当地混凝土材料制作的常用配方。同时根据理论资料，列出可能存在的混凝土材料制作配方。根据调查及理论分析所得的配方（称为“参照配方”），以及混凝土水化反应和碳化反应的特点，计算列出每个参照配方的矿物组分含量特征值。
第六，将样品的矿物组分含量特征值与参照配方的矿物组分含量特征值进行对比，各特征值的数值相差不超过15%的参照配方为样品的原制作配方。
Claims (1)
1.一种文物建筑混凝土材料制作配方的还原方法，其特征在于：第一，对现场或实验室的文物混凝土固化物样品，用50℃至80℃的热风，加热20~30分钟，使水分蒸发；第二，对于现场的文物混凝土样品，需用砂纸打磨表面；对于实验室的样品，应研磨成标准粉末；第三，用XRF设备或红外光谱仪设备，对文物混凝土样品进行矿物组分分析，检测出CaO、SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3、SO3、TiO2矿物组分含量；第四，计算文物混凝土材料样品的矿物组分含量特征值，包括CaO/SiO2、CaO/Al2O3、CaO/Fe2O3、Al2O3/Fe2O3、SiO2/Al2O3、SiO2/Fe2O3、CaO/SO3、SiO2/SO3、CaO/TiO2；第五，根据文物混凝土样品所产生的年代，调查当时当地混凝土材料制作的常用配方；同时，根据理论资料，列出可能存在的混凝土材料制作配方；根据调查及理论分析所得的配方，以及混凝土水化反应和碳化反应的特点，计算列出每个参照配方的矿物组分含量特征值；第六，将文物混凝土样品的矿物组分含量特征值与参照配方的矿物组分含量特征值进行对比，各特征值的数值相差不超出15%的参照配方为文物混凝土样品的原制作配方。
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| CN206523427U (zh) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-09-26 | 广东省建筑材料研究院 | 一种用于新拌混凝土的快速测定仪 |
| CN107967325A (zh) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-27 | 苏州大学 | 一种文物建筑病害调查与评估治理方法及系统 |
| CN108439931A (zh) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-24 | 江门市五邑大学建筑设计所 | 一种用于修复近代文物建筑装饰的泥灰 |
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| CN201021183Y (zh) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-02-13 | 南京博物院 | 文物保护流动车 |
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| CN206523427U (zh) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-09-26 | 广东省建筑材料研究院 | 一种用于新拌混凝土的快速测定仪 |
| CN107967325A (zh) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-27 | 苏州大学 | 一种文物建筑病害调查与评估治理方法及系统 |
| CN108439931A (zh) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-24 | 江门市五邑大学建筑设计所 | 一种用于修复近代文物建筑装饰的泥灰 |
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