CN110526575A - A kind of optical glass, optical precast product, optical element and optical instrument - Google Patents
A kind of optical glass, optical precast product, optical element and optical instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN110526575A CN110526575A CN201910940476.6A CN201910940476A CN110526575A CN 110526575 A CN110526575 A CN 110526575A CN 201910940476 A CN201910940476 A CN 201910940476A CN 110526575 A CN110526575 A CN 110526575A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
- C03C3/066—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron containing zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
- C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
- C03C3/093—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium containing zinc or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of optical glass, SiO2: 20-44%, B2O3: 6-15%, TiO2: 0-9%, ZnO:1-10%, RO:45-60%, Al2O3: 0-9%, Sb2O3: 0-3%, wherein one of RO MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO or a variety of.The present invention provides a kind of environmental protection and optical glass, optical precast product, optical element and optical instrument with smaller stress optical coefficient and lower thermal refractive index coefficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical glass, especially the present invention relates to optical glass and made of the optical glass
Optical precast product, optical element and optical instrument.
Background technique
Stress optical coefficient is also photoelastic coefficient, and the value is smaller, and the temporary stress of glass is easier to eliminate, and is more advantageous to
Imaging.Current most of optical glass stress optical coefficients are big, and glass thermal stability under strong light is bad, and temperature rises comparatively fast,
Inside glass is easy to produce stress, to reduce imaging image quality, or even is not imaged.
And in recent years, the optical glass in the fields such as vehicle-mounted, security protection is widely used in due to being chronically exposed to outdoor, and mesh
The thermal refractive index coefficient and stress optical coefficient of preceding fluorphosphate glass are often higher, and thermal stability difference is unsuitable for outdoor height
Temperature, and especially in the case where high power light is applied, the bad high-energy-density that will lead to of glass thermal property enters meeting in glass
Lead to glass rupture, inside glass structure can be changed not bursting, reduces image quality.
Therefore, a kind of environmental protection and the optics glass with smaller stress optical coefficient and lower thermal refractive index coefficient need to be developed
Glass.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: there is environmental protection, stress optical coefficient and refractive index temperature system for above-mentioned existing glass
The problem of number aspect, the present invention provide a kind of environmental protection and the light with smaller stress optical coefficient and lower thermal refractive index coefficient
Learn glass, optical precast product, optical element and the optical instrument containing the optical glass or element.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of optical glass, its weight percent of optical glass composition contain: SiO2: 20-44%, B2O3: 6-
15%, TiO2: 0-9%, ZnO:1-10%, RO:45-60%, Al2O3: 0-9%, Sb2O3: 0-3%, wherein RO MgO, CaO,
One of SrO and BaO or a variety of.
Preferably, its weight percent of optical glass composition contains: SiO2: 28-40%, B2O3: 6-14%, TiO2: 1-
6%, ZnO:1-8%, RO:45-55%, Al2O3: 0-3%, Sb2O3: 0-1%, wherein in RO MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO
It is one or more.
Preferably, RO is BaO and/or CaO, and wherein BaO content is 40-55%, preferably 45-50%, CaO content 0-
10%, preferably 1-6%.
Preferably, the content of the component should also meet one of following 2 kinds of conditions or more than one:
a)(ZnO+RO)/B2O3Weight ratio be 3.06-11.5;
b)(SiO2+RO)/(ZnO+B2O3+TiO2) weight ratio be 1.97-14.86;
Preferably, the content of the component should also meet one of following 2 kinds of conditions or more than one:
a)(ZnO+RO)/B2O3Weight ratio be 3.34-10.3;
b)(SiO2+RO)/(ZnO+B2O3+TiO2) weight ratio be 2.81~8.63.
Preferably, the refractive index of the optical glass is 1.60-1.70, and Abbe number vd is 40-55;And/or stress optics
Coefficient B is 2.5 × 10-12/ Pa is hereinafter, preferably 2.0 × 10-12/ Pa or less;And/or thermal refractive index coefficient (dn/dt (- 40-
80 DEG C)) it is 4.0 × 10-6/ DEG C hereinafter, preferably 3.5 × 10-6/ DEG C hereinafter, more preferably 3.0 × 10-6/ DEG C or less;And/or
λ80For 395nm hereinafter, preferably 390nm is hereinafter, λ5For 355nm hereinafter, preferably 350nm or less;And/or moisture-resistance RC
More than 2 classes, preferably 1 class;And/or water resistance DWMore than 2 classes, preferably 1 class.
Preferably, alkaline metal oxide and/or transiting metal component are not contained.Optical glass does not contain Li2O、K2O or
Na2The transiting metal components such as O and V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, W and Mo.
Optical precast product, the optical glass described in any claim in claim 1~7 are made.
Optical element, the optical glass as described in any claim in claim 1~7 or according to any one of claims 8
Optical precast product is made.
Optical instrument containing optical glass described in any claim in claim 1~7, or contains claim 9
The optical element.
Compared to the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. the present invention is also protected while improving optical glass chemical-resistant stability by optimization of C/C composites and proportion relation
The good optical constant of optical glass is hindered, the refractive index nd of optical glass is 1.60-1.70, and Abbe number vd is 40-55, glass
λ80For 395nm hereinafter, the λ of glass5For 355nm hereinafter, stress optical coefficient (B) is 2.5 × 10-12/ Pa is hereinafter, refractive index
Temperature coefficient ((dn/dt) (- 40-80 DEG C)) is 4.0 × 10-6/ DEG C or less.
2. the present invention provides a kind of environmental protection and the optics with smaller stress optical coefficient and lower thermal refractive index coefficient
Glass, in the case where outdoor high temperature or high power light are applied, calorifics is stablized high, and imaging image quality is apparent.
Specific embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification can be with any other than mutually exclusive feature and/or step
Mode combines.
I. optical glass
Optical glass of the invention considers to contain without expensive component on the basis of existing green and environment-friendly glass
Amount, obtaining refractive index (nd) is 1.60-1.70, and Abbe number (vd) is 40-55, and stress optical coefficient (B) is 2.5 × 10-12/Pa
((- 40-80 DEG C) of (dn/dt) is 4.0 × 10 hereinafter, thermal refractive index coefficient-6/ DEG C the excellent optical glass of chemical stability.
The composition of optical glass of the invention is described in detail below, the content of each glass ingredient, total content do not have such as
There is special instruction, is then all indicated using weight percent.In addition, in the following description, mentioning specified value or less or rule
It also include the specified value when more than definite value.
[necessary component and optional Component]
SiO2It is that glass generates body, is to form the necessary oxide components of glass.In the present invention system if SiO2's
Content is lower than 20%, operates although being conducive to glass melting process, and the chemistry of obtained glass is durable low;But if SiO2's
Content is higher than 44%, although being conducive to improve chemical durability, increases glass melting difficulty.Therefore, SiO2Content be
20~44%, preferably 25~40%.
Suitable B is added in the present invention2O3And a kind of optical glass network generates oxide body, can increase stabilization
Property, and it is very useful to glass melting performance, preferably its content is 6% or more.But work as B2O3Content, can be right at 15% or more
The humidity of optical glass, chemical stability have an adverse effect, therefore, B in optical glass of the present invention2O3Content be 6-
15%, preferably 6-14%.
TiO2It is a kind of high-refraction high-dispersion oxide, and can increase stability, glass.Proper amount of TiO2It is added to glass
In, while improving the stability and the long property of chemically-resistant of optical glass, to the stress optical coefficient and refractive index temperature for reducing glass
Coefficient also has certain effect.If excessive TiO2It is added in glass, the degree of staining of glass can be poor first, and followed by glass is steady
It is qualitative that expected design is not achieved.If TiO2Very few, the refractive index and Abbe number of glass glass cannot be in required range.
Therefore, TiO2Content be set as 0-9%, preferably 1-6%.
ZnO is added in system glass of the present invention, can reduce optical glass high temperature viscosity.But if ZnO additional amount is excessive, glass
Devitrification resistance can decline, while high temperature viscosity is smaller, brings difficulty to molding.In glass system of the present invention, ZnO's contains
If amount is lower than 1%, design requirement is not achieved in the refractive index and high temperature viscosity of optical glass;If its content is higher than 10%, glass has
The danger of devitrification.Therefore, the content lower limit of ZnO is 1%;The upper content limit of ZnO is limited to 10%, preferred upper limit 8%.
RO is selected from one of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO or a variety of, is the optical constant for improving optical glass, reduces glass
The crystallization temperature of glass improves the ingredient of glass devitrification resistance, is the essential ingredient in optical glass of the present invention.RO too high levels,
The humidity of the optical glass of acquisition is deteriorated, and increases technology difficulty and cost burden;RO content is too low, the transmission of optical glass
Rate, Abbe number and degree of staining λ80/λ5It is all difficult to reach perfect condition.RO of the present invention is preferably BaO and/or CaO.
Wherein, CaO is necessary component of the invention, by introducing the CaO of proper content, can improve the chemical stabilization of glass
Property, the water-resistant stability of glass is improved, and reduce the density of glass;But when its content is more than 10%, the chemical stabilization of glass
Property deteriorate instead, and optical transmittance decline, therefore the content of CaO be 0-10%, preferably 1-6%.BaO is to improve optics glass
The optical constant of glass, reduces the crystallization temperature of glass, improves the ingredient of glass devitrification resistance, be in optical glass of the present invention must
It hanks point.By the way that 40% or more BaO is added, one can effectively improve optical glass refractive index, glossiness;Secondly improving optics
Transmitance, Abbe number and the degree of staining λ of glass80/λ5, stress optical coefficient and thermal refractive index coefficient, if its content is more than
55%, then glass chemistry stability is deteriorated, and crystallization property can also be deteriorated.Therefore the content of BaO is 40-55% in the present invention, preferably
Content is 45-50%.
It is a small amount of to introduce Al2O3The chemical stability of glass can be effectively improved, it, can be effective when especially its content is more than 0.5%
Improve the stability of glass;But when its content is more than 9%, the meltbility of optical glass is deteriorated, and devitrification resistance reduces, therefore this hair
Bright Al2O3Content be 0-9%, preferably greater than 0-3%.
By adding Sb on a small quantity2O3Component, it is very useful for eliminating glass blister, but work as Sb2O3When content is more than 3%,
It will affect the transmitance of glass, therefore Sb of the present invention2O3Additive amount be 0-3%, it is excellent to select 0-1%.
The present inventor has found by lot of experiments, passes through control (ZnO+RO)/B2O3Range be 3.06-11.5, can
Obviously to lower the stress optical coefficient and thermal refractive index coefficient of glass, and guarantee that glass has preferable transmitance, preferably
For 3.34-10.3, more preferably 4-8;Pass through control (SiO2+RO)/(ZnO+B2O3+TiO2) range be 1.97-14.86, it is excellent
2.81~8.63 are selected as, the stability of glass network structure can be significantly improved, further increases glass moisture-resistance, is guaranteed
Glass has compared with low stress optical coefficient and thermal refractive index coefficient.
[component that should not contain]
In the range of not damaging glass performance of the invention, can add as needed other above-mentioned not referred at
Point.But the transiting metal components such as V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, W and Mo, even if the feelings contained on a small quantity independent or compoundly
Under condition, glass is also subject to coloration, and the specific wavelength in visible light region generates absorption, so that it is visible to weaken raising of the invention
The property of light transmission rate effect, therefore it is desirable, especially for the optical glass that the transmitance of visible light region wavelength requires, preferably
Do not include actually.P2O5It is complicated to be easy the moisture absorption, blending process, photosensitiveness is difficult to control, therefore is not preferably contained in the present invention
P2O5。
Li2O、K2O or Na2The alkaline metal oxide of O, the network knot that can have corrosion function to smelting apparatus, destroy glass
Structure simultaneously makes its crystallization property be deteriorated, therefore Li is not preferably contained in the present invention2O、K2O or Na2O。
II. optical precast product and optical element
In the following, optical precast product and optical element that description is of the invention.
Optical precast product and optical element of the invention is formed by the optical glass of aforementioned present invention.Optics of the invention
It is 1.60-1.70 that prefabricated component, which has refractive index (nd), and Abbe number (vd) is the optical characteristics of 40-55, and stress optical coefficient (B) is
2.5×10-12/ Pa is hereinafter, thermal refractive index coefficient ((dn/dt) (- 40-80 DEG C)) is 4.0 × 10-6/ DEG C or less;Of the invention
There is optical element the calorifics in the case where outdoor high temperature or high power light are applied to stablize height, and imaging image quality is apparent.
III. optical instrument
Optical glass of the present invention, which is formed by optical element, can be used for all kinds of optical instruments, by using one or more light
It learns element and forms optical component or optical module, can be used for such as imaging device, sensor, microscope, medical science, number and throw
Shadow, communication, optical communication technique/information transmission, optics/illumination in automotive field, photoetching technique, stepper, quasi-molecule swash
Light device, chip, computer chip and integrated circuit and electronic device including such circuit and chip.
The present invention relates to the application of the optical component for using above-mentioned optical element to produce or optical module, the optical section
Part or optical module can be used for such as sensor, microscope, medical science, digital projection, communication, optical communication technique/information
Optics/illumination, photoetching technique, stepper, excimer laser, chip, computer chip and packet in transmission, automotive field
Include the integrated circuit and electronic device of such circuit and chip.
[embodiment]
The present invention is explained using following examples, but the present invention should not be limited to these embodiments.
The melting and forming method for producing optical glass can weigh the raw material corresponding to optical glass element in proportion,
Become Blend Stocks after being sufficiently mixed, which is put into platinum crucible, is heated to 1100-1400 DEG C, melted,
Form uniform melten glass after stirring, clarification, then will the melten glass be moderately poured into the mold of preheating after cooling and
Slow cooling is carried out after 550-750 DEG C of holding 2-4h, obtains optical glass.
[optical glass embodiment]
In addition, measuring the characteristic of each glass of the invention by method as shown below, and measurement result is indicated in table 1
In~table 3.
(1) refractive index (nd) and Abbe number (ν d)
Refractive index and abbe number are tested according to method as defined in GB/T7962.1-2010.
Refractive index (nd) of the invention is 1.60-1.70, and Abbe number (vd) is 40-55.
(2) the water-fast effect stability (D of powder methodW)
Water-fast effect stability (D in the present inventionW) tested according to GB/T17129.
The water-fast effect stability (D of optical glass of the inventionW) it is 2 classes or more, preferably 1 class.
(3) moisture resistance stability
Moisture resistance stability RC (S) is tested according to GB/T7962.15-2010 test method in the present invention.
The moisture resistance effect stability RC (S) of optical glass of the invention is 2 classes or more, preferably 1 class;
(4) coloring (λ of optical glass80、λ5)
The shortwave transmitted spectrum characteristic degree of staining (λ of glass of the present invention80/λ5) indicate.λ80Refer to that glass transmittance reaches
Corresponding wavelength, λ when 80%5Refer to that glass transmittance reaches corresponding wavelength when 5%, wherein λ80Measurement be using having
The glass with a thickness of 10 ± 0.1mm of two parallel to each other and optical polish opposite planes, measures from 280nm to 700nm
Spectral transmission in wavelength domain and the wavelength for showing transmissivity 80%.So-called spectral transmission or transmissivity are to glass
Above-mentioned surface vertically incident intensity IinLight, project intensity I through glass and from planeoutLight in the case where lead to
Cross Iout/IinThe amount of expression, and also contain the transmissivity of the surface reflection loss on the above-mentioned surface of glass.The folding of glass
It is higher to penetrate rate, surface reflection loss is bigger.Therefore, in optical glass of the invention, λ80The small glass itself of meaning of value
Coloring is few.Optical glass transmittance of the invention reaches corresponding wavelength (λ when 80%80) it is 395nm hereinafter, preferably 390nm
Its glass transmittance reaches corresponding wavelength (λ when 5% below5) it is 355nm hereinafter, preferably 350nm or less.
Use the glass sample with a thickness of 10 ± 0.1mm with two optical polish planes relative to each other, measurement point
Light transmission is calculated according to its result.
(5) stress optical coefficient (B)
The stress optical coefficient of glass of the present invention is lower than 2.5 × 10-12/ Pa, preferably shorter than 2.0 × 10-12/Pa。
Stress optical coefficient is tested according to following progress:
Sample requirement
Sample is processed into cylindric, both ends light pass surface polishing, and cylindrical side fine grinding, can also having a size of Φ 20mm × 15mm
Other specifications, the two light pass surface depth of parallelism≤1/100, circularity≤5/100, side taper≤1/ are processed into according to testing equipment situation
100。
Test method
The test of stress optical coefficient uses disk diametral compression sample, by cylindrical sample with nose circle face vertical optical path
Mode is put into stress birfringence optical system for testing, opposite on two endpoints that cylindrical side corresponds to a diameter D in nose circle face
Apply active force P simultaneously, keeps sample position constant, while testing the stress birefringence optical path difference δ at center location.By formulaPhotoelastic coefficient is calculated, wherein D is cylindrical samples light pass surface diameter, is measured using micrometer;P is to be applied to
Load on cylindrical samples side can be obtained by pressure gauge;δ be optical path perpendicular through sample light pass surface when birefringent light
Path difference can be measured with stress gauge.In order to improve precision, reduction error is generally corresponding two-fold using it is tested under different load
The multiple measurement method of optical path difference is penetrated, δ-P curve is drawn, then carries out linear regression processing, obtain the straight slope, Jin Erji
Calculate stress optical coefficient B.
(6) thermal refractive index coefficient is ((dn/dt) (- 40-80 DEG C))
The thermal refractive index coefficient of glass of the present invention is 4.0 × 10-6/ DEG C hereinafter, it is preferred that 3.5 × 10-6/ DEG C hereinafter, more excellent
Select 3.0 × 10-6/ DEG C or less.
Thermal refractive index coefficient is tested according to GB/T 7962.4-2010 prescriptive procedure, the refractive index of -40~80 DEG C of measurement
Temperature coefficient.
1 embodiment 1-10 of table
2 embodiment 11-20 of table
3 embodiment 21-30 of table
[optical precast product embodiment]
The obtained optical glass of embodiment 1-30 in table 1 is cut into predefined size, then is equably coated on the surface
Then release agent is heated, softens, is press-formed, make recessed meniscus shaped lens, male bend moon-shaped lens, biconvex lens,
The prefabricated component of the various lens such as biconcave lens, plano-convex lens, plano-concave lens, prism.
[optical element embodiment]
By obtained these prefabricated components annealing of above-mentioned optical precast product embodiment, the same of the deformation of inside glass is being reduced
When be finely adjusted so that the optical characteristics such as refractive index reach desirable value.
Then, each prefabricated component is ground, ground, make recessed meniscus shaped lens, male bend moon-shaped lens, biconvex lens,
The various lens such as biconcave lens, plano-convex lens, plano-concave lens, prism.Antireflection can be also coated on the surface of gained optical element
Film.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of optical glass, which is characterized in that its weight percent of optical glass composition contains: SiO2: 20-44%,
B2O3: 6-15%, TiO2: 0-9%, ZnO:1-10%, RO:45-60%, Al2O3: 0-9%, Sb2O3: 0-3%,
Wherein, one of RO MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO or a variety of.
2. a kind of optical glass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that its weight percent of optical glass composition contains
Have: SiO2: 28-40%, B2O3: 6-14%, TiO2: 1-6%, ZnO:1-8%, RO:45-55%, Al2O3: 0-3%, Sb2O3: 0-
1%, wherein one of RO MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO or a variety of.
3. a kind of optical glass according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the RO is BaO and/or CaO, wherein BaO
Content is 40-55%, preferably 45-50%, CaO content 0-10%, preferably 1-6%.
4. a kind of optical glass according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the content of the component should also expire
Be enough one of lower 2 kinds of conditions or more than one:
a)(ZnO+RO)/B2O3Weight ratio be 3.06-11.5;
b)(SiO2+RO)/(ZnO+B2O3+TiO2) weight ratio be 1.97-14.86.
5. a kind of optical glass according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the content of the component should also meet following 2
One of kind of condition or more than one:
a)(ZnO+RO)/B2O3Weight ratio be 3.34-10.3;
b)(SiO2+RO)/(ZnO+B2O3+TiO2) weight ratio be 2.81~8.63.
6. a kind of optical glass according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the refractive index of the optical glass
It is 40-55 for 1.60-1.70, Abbe number vd;And/or stress optical coefficient B is 2.5 × 10-12/ Pa hereinafter, preferably 2.0 ×
10-12/ Pa or less;And/or (- 40-80 DEG C) of thermal refractive index coefficient dn/dt are 4.0 × 10-6/ DEG C hereinafter, preferably 3.5 ×
10-6/ DEG C hereinafter, more preferably 3.0 × 10-6/ DEG C or less;And/or λ80For 395nm hereinafter, preferably 390nm is hereinafter, λ5For
355nm is hereinafter, preferably 350nm or less;And/or moisture-resistance RC is 2 classes or more, preferably 1 class;And/or water resistance
DWMore than 2 classes, preferably 1 class.
7. according to claim 1 or a kind of 2 described in any item optical glass, which is characterized in that aoxidized without containing alkalinous metal
Object and/or transiting metal component.
8. optical precast product, which is characterized in that the optical glass described in any claim in claim 1~7 is made.
9. optical element, which is characterized in that the optical glass as described in any claim in claim 1~7 or right are wanted
Optical precast product described in asking 8 is made.
10. optical instrument, which is characterized in that containing optical glass described in any claim in claim 1~7, or contain
Optical element described in having the right to require 9.
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李景镇主编: "《光学手册 下》", 31 July 2010 * |
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