CN110523949B - Radial vibration centrifugal machine - Google Patents
Radial vibration centrifugal machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110523949B CN110523949B CN201910805987.7A CN201910805987A CN110523949B CN 110523949 B CN110523949 B CN 110523949B CN 201910805987 A CN201910805987 A CN 201910805987A CN 110523949 B CN110523949 B CN 110523949B
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- vibration
- rotating shaft
- bearing
- cast
- wheel
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000227287 Elliottia pyroliflora Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 27
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002165 CarbonCast Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/02—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of elongated solid or hollow bodies, e.g. pipes, in moulds rotating around their longitudinal axis
- B22D13/023—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of elongated solid or hollow bodies, e.g. pipes, in moulds rotating around their longitudinal axis the longitudinal axis being horizontal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/10—Accessories for centrifugal casting apparatus, e.g. moulds, linings therefor, means for feeding molten metal, cleansing moulds, removing castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/08—Shaking, vibrating, or turning of moulds
Abstract
The invention discloses a radial vibration centrifugal machine. The centrifugal machine comprises a driving wheel set and a driven wheel set, wherein the driven wheel set comprises a riding wheel support and a vibrating device, the vibrating device comprises a clutch, a rotating shaft, a bearing I, a copper sleeve and an eccentric assembly, the clutch is flexibly connected with the rotating shaft, two eccentric assemblies are fixedly connected at two ends of the rotating shaft, the bearing I is arranged in the copper sleeve, the copper sleeve is arranged in long round holes of supporting steel plates at two sides of the riding wheel support, the center distance of two semicircles of the long round holes is e, and the vibration amplitude of the copper sleeve cannot exceed the height e. When the austenitic stainless steel or the nickel-based heat-resistant steel cast steel pipe is centrifugally cast, radial vibration of the pipe die can break off as-cast dendrites in the molten metal cooling process, so as to improve as-cast grains and relieve pressure for subsequent deformation processing. For medium and low carbon steel, the method has obvious effect of alleviating carbon segregation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention is applied to the field of centrifugal casting, and particularly relates to a centrifugal machine suitable for centrifugally casting austenitic cast steel pipes.
Background
Centrifugal casting technology belongs to mature technology in China, and no matter how to centrifugally manufacture spheroidal iron pipes, gray iron pipes and cast steel pipes, the centrifugal casting technology has more manufacturers and large yield. However, for austenitic stainless steel seamless pipes or nickel-based heat-resistant seamless pipes, the process routes of ingot casting, forging, hot extrusion, and cold rolling into pipes are mostly adopted, and centrifugal cast steel pipes are rarely used as raw material billets. In practice, austenitic stainless steel seamless tubes or nickel-based heat resistant seamless tubes can be produced by a process in which a centrifugal cast tube blank is hot extruded into an extruded tube, and then cold rolled. The process route is short, and the manufacturing cost is saved. The seamless pipe rarely adopts centrifugal blanks as raw material blanks, firstly, the production rhythm of a centrifugal machine cannot meet the smelting production requirement, and secondly, the grain size of the centrifugal casting blank cannot meet the requirement. Since austenitic stainless steel and nickel-based heat-resistant steel are both austenitic structures from high temperature to room temperature, the grain size of the structures cannot be changed by heat treatment, and refinement of crystal grains is performed only by deformation processing such as extrusion, forging, cold rolling, and the like, thereby improving the grain size and improving the performance thereof. In order to obtain satisfactory grain size, when the cast steel pipe is used as a raw material blank, the cast steel pipe blank needs to be processed for many times or with large deformation because of large cast grain size of the centrifugal cast steel pipe blank.
The published patent materials CN109014110A and CN206839085U show vibration mechanisms for vertical centrifugal casting, which are suitable for centrifugal production of small pieces in batches and are not suitable for horizontal centrifugal casting of centrifugal casting steel pipes with a weight of more than hundreds of kilograms.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: a radial vibration centrifuge is provided which can reduce as-cast grains when centrifugally casting austenitic cast steel pipes.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the radial vibration centrifugal machine comprises a driving wheel set and a driven wheel set, wherein the driven wheel set comprises a vibration riding wheel of a radial vibration pipe die, the vibration riding wheel comprises a riding wheel support, a vibration driven wheel and a vibration device, and the vibration device comprises a clutch, a rotating shaft, a bearing I, a copper sleeve and an eccentric assembly. The vibration driven wheel comprises a bearing II and a vibration wheel, and the bearing II is arranged in the vibration wheel and is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft. The clutch is flexibly connected with the rotating shaft, and two groups of eccentric assemblies are fixedly connected at two ends of the rotating shaft. The bearing I is arranged in the copper bush, the copper bush is arranged in the long round holes of the supporting steel plates on two sides of the riding wheel support, the center distance between two semicircles of the long round holes is e, and the vibration amplitude of the copper bush cannot exceed the height e.
Further, the rotation direction and the angular velocity of the rotating shaft are consistent with those of the vibration driven wheel.
Further, the eccentric assembly may adjust the vibration force by adjusting the position.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: when the austenitic stainless steel or the nickel-based heat-resistant steel cast steel pipe is centrifugally cast, radial vibration of the pipe die can break off as-cast dendrites in the molten metal cooling process, so as to improve as-cast grains and relieve pressure for subsequent deformation processing. For medium and low carbon steel, the effect of reducing carbon segregation is obvious.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vibrating idler;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view in section A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an as-cast structure of a pipe mold vibration-free nickel-based alloy cast steel pipe;
FIG. 5 is an as-cast structure of a pipe die vibrating nickel-base alloy cast steel pipe;
wherein: the device comprises a 1-pipe die, a 2-driven wheel set, a 3-driving wheel set, a 4-riding wheel support, a 5-clutch, a 6-rotating shaft, a 7-bearing I, an 8-copper sleeve, a 9-bearing II, a 10-vibrating wheel, an 11-bearing I end cover, a 12-eccentric component and a 13-supporting steel plate.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention, the radial vibration centrifuge includes a driving wheel set 3 and a driven wheel set 2, the driving wheel set 3 includes a driving wheel driven by a motor to rotate, and the driven wheel set 2 includes two driven wheels, wherein one driven wheel is provided with a vibration device, and is a vibration riding wheel, and the vibration riding wheel can enable the pipe die to vibrate in the radial direction. The rolling belt of the pipe die 1 is arranged on the driving wheel set 3 and the driven wheel set 2, and the driving wheel set 3 can drive the pipe die to rotate at a high speed to finish centrifugal casting of the cast steel pipe.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vibrating riding wheel, which comprises a riding wheel support 4, a vibrating driven wheel and a vibrating device, wherein the vibrating driven wheel comprises a bearing II 9 and a vibrating wheel 10, the bearing II 9 is arranged in the vibrating wheel 10 and is sealed by a bearing II end cover, and the structure is consistent with other driven wheels. The vibration device comprises a clutch 5, a rotating shaft 6, a bearing I7, a copper sleeve 8 and an eccentric component 12, and from the viewpoint of equipment safety, the clutch 5 and the motor power device are flexibly connected through a belt, and even when a pipe die stops rotating or an accident occurs, the motor can be protected through the belt slipping. The clutch 5 is flexibly connected with the rotating shaft 6, when the clutch 5 is connected and works, the motor power device can drive the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, two groups of eccentric assemblies 12 are fixedly connected at two ends of the rotating shaft 6, each group of eccentric assemblies consists of two eccentric blocks, and the eccentric vibration force can be adjusted by adjusting the angle between one group of two eccentric blocks. The bearing I7 is arranged in the copper sleeve 8 and is sealed by the end cover 11 of the bearing I, and the inner hole of the bearing I is in interference connection with the rotating shaft 6. The copper bush 8 is arranged in the oblong holes of the supporting steel plates 13 on the two sides of the riding wheel support 4, as shown in figure 3, the center distance of two semicircles of the oblong holes is e, that is, the upper and lower movable allowance with the height of e is reserved for the copper bush 8, and the vibration amplitude of the copper bush 8 cannot exceed the height e.
When the radial vibration centrifugal machine is used, a motor power device connected with a belt of the clutch 5 is started to drive the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, the eccentric assembly 12 on the rotating shaft 6 generates eccentric vibration in the rotating process, the copper sleeve 8 and the bearing I7 are driven to vibrate in the oblong hole of the supporting steel plate 13, meanwhile, the rotating shaft 6 and the vibration driven wheel vibrate together, and the vibration of the vibration driven wheel is transmitted to the pipe die 1, so that the pipe die 1 generates radial vibration.
Because the bearing can be damaged by long-time vibration, the design and the use of the vibration riding wheel meet the following requirements: 1) The lubricant is added before the copper bush 8 and the bearing I7 are installed, so that the copper bush 8 can buffer vibration of the bearing I7 and ensure that the rotation direction and rotation angular velocity of the bearing I7 are consistent with those of the vibration wheel 10. The motor power device for driving the rotating shaft 6 to rotate is required to be provided with a frequency modulation device, and the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 6 can be automatically adjusted according to the rotating speed of the vibration wheel 10, so that the angular speeds are consistent; 2) The polarization can generate sliding rotation after the vibration damage of the bearing I7, so that serious equipment accidents or pouring accidents are avoided; 3) The vibration force of the rotating shaft 6 is adjustable, and the angle of the eccentric block can be adjusted in advance according to the weight of the pipe die and the cast steel pipe; 4) The clutch 5 is flexibly connected with the motor power device thereof, such as a belt, so as to prevent equipment accidents.
By adopting the radial vibration centrifugal machine, the radial vibration centrifugal casting method comprises the following steps: 1) Baking a pipe die, spraying a coating, and installing baffles at two ends of the pipe die; 2) Pouring molten metal from one end (namely a pouring end) of the pipe die, starting a motor power device when the molten metal is filled to the other end (namely a non-pouring end) of the pipe die, closing a clutch 5, rotating a rotating shaft 6, wherein the rotating direction and the rotating angular speed of the rotating shaft are consistent with those of a vibration wheel 10, a bearing II 9 is relatively static, the rotating shaft 6 drives an eccentric assembly 12 to rotate, and the eccentric assembly 12 drives the vibration wheel 10 to generate radial vibration, so that the pipe die 1 generates radial vibration; 3) After the molten metal is poured, the pipe die is cooled by spraying water, when the solidification thickness of the molten metal reaches half of the thickness of the centrifugal cast steel pipe, the clutch 5 is loosened, the motor power device is closed, the rotating shaft 6 is static, and the vibration wheel 10 continues to rotate under the support of the bearing II 9, so that the pipe die is kept to rotate. The vibration time can be determined by simulation or according to the temperature of the inner surface when the molten metal is centrifuged, or can be determined empirically. 4) And the molten metal is completely solidified, and the cast steel pipe and the pipe die are separated by pushing or pulling the pipe.
If the bearing II 9 is broken in the rotation process of the pipe die, the step 3) is not executed, namely, the step 2) is kept consistent until molten metal is solidified, and then the step 4) is executed. If the bearing I7 is broken by vibration, the vibration device can be stopped under the condition that the bearing II 9 can work normally. If bearing I7 shakes out simultaneously with bearing II 9, then keep the rotation of pivot 6, the sliding friction that bearing I7 and copper sheathing 8 produced can continue to keep the pipe die rotatory, accomplishes the pouring of cast steel pipe. And after pushing or pulling the tube, replacing the bearing. Therefore, the structure ensures that the centrifugal casting pipe can not cause equipment accidents due to bearing vibration when vibrating radially.
For austenitic stainless steel or nickel-based heat-resistant steel centrifugal cast steel pipes, after molten metal is centrifugally cast, radial vibration of a pipe die can break off as-cast dendrites, improve as-cast structure grain size and relieve pressure for subsequent deformation processing. FIG. 4 shows an as-cast structure of a nickel-base alloy cast steel pipe with a vibration-free pipe die, the thickness of the cast steel pipe is about 70mm, dendrites basically penetrate through the whole thickness of the cast steel pipe, FIG. 5 shows the as-cast structure of the nickel-base alloy cast steel pipe after the pipe die vibrates radially, the thickness of the cast steel pipe is about 72mm, the dendrite length is only about 10mm, and the other 60mm parts are all equiaxed crystals.
The radial vibration centrifugal machine and the radial vibration centrifugal casting method can also be used for producing other cast steel pipes such as carbon steel or alloy steel, and the like, and the centrifugal machine also has the effect of improving the grain size of the cast steel pipes with the carbon content of medium and low carbon such as 16Mn or 40 Cr. In addition, the radial vibration centrifugal machine and the radial vibration centrifugal casting method are found to improve the carbon segregation of the cast steel pipe. For austenitic stainless steel or nickel-based heat-resistant steel, the carbon segregation is not obvious because the carbon content is very low and the carbon content is ultra-low. The following table shows carbon segregation data of 16Mn or 40Cr centrifugal cast steel pipes, numbers in sampling position columns in the table represent layer-by-layer sampling from the inner surface to the outer surface, the average thickness is divided into 10 layers, carbon analysis is carried out after layer-by-layer sampling, and the results prove that the carbon segregation after radial vibration is obviously reduced no matter the maximum value and the difference value, especially the difference value, the reduction amplitude reaches 50 percent, and the radial vibration centrifugal machine and the centrifugal casting method have good inhibition effect on the carbon segregation of the medium-low carbon cast steel pipes.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a radial vibrations centrifuge, includes driving wheelset (3) and driven wheelset (2), its characterized in that: the driven wheel group (2) comprises a vibration riding wheel of a radial vibration pipe die, and the vibration riding wheel comprises a riding wheel support (4), a vibration driven wheel and a vibration device; the vibration device comprises a clutch (5), a rotating shaft (6), a bearing I (7), a copper sleeve (8) and an eccentric assembly (12); the vibration driven wheel comprises a bearing II (9) and a vibration wheel (10), and the bearing II (9) is arranged in the vibration wheel (10) and is in rotary connection with the rotating shaft (6); the clutch (5) is flexibly connected with the rotating shaft (6); two groups of eccentric components (12) are fixedly connected to two ends of the rotating shaft (6); the bearing I (7) is arranged in the copper bush (8), and the copper bush (8) is arranged in long round holes of support steel plates (13) at two sides of the riding wheel support (4); the center distance of the two semicircles of the oblong hole is e, and the vibration amplitude of the copper sleeve (8) cannot exceed the e value.
2. A radial vibration centrifuge as defined in claim 1, wherein: the rotation direction and the angular speed of the rotating shaft (6) are consistent with those of the vibration driven wheel.
3. A radial vibration centrifuge as defined in claim 1, wherein: the eccentric assembly (12) consists of two eccentric blocks, and the vibration force can be adjusted by adjusting the angle of the eccentric blocks.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910805987.7A CN110523949B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Radial vibration centrifugal machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910805987.7A CN110523949B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Radial vibration centrifugal machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110523949A CN110523949A (en) | 2019-12-03 |
| CN110523949B true CN110523949B (en) | 2024-03-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910805987.7A Active CN110523949B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Radial vibration centrifugal machine |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110523949B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113739567B (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2023-01-03 | 西安交通大学 | Method and system for evaluating state of rotary kiln body |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20050103167A (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2005-10-27 | (주) 대경 | The manufacturing method of seamless tube having high purity |
| CN2860625Y (en) * | 2005-07-31 | 2007-01-24 | 蒋政 | Transmission structure of circular shale shaker |
| CN204787835U (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-18 | 上海重矿冶金设备技术有限公司 | Vibration adds components of a whole that can function independently seismic source device of skip |
| CN105382234A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-09 | 黄石新兴管业有限公司 | Dynamic balance adjustment method of large-diameter nodular cast iron tube mould |
| CN205762187U (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-12-07 | 江苏沃绿宝有机农业开发有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer screening machine |
| CN206016204U (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-03-15 | 陈福良 | A kind of laying ceramic tile jarring machine |
| CN110548851A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-10 | 卓然(靖江)设备制造有限公司 | Radial vibration centrifugal casting method |
| CN210730928U (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2020-06-12 | 卓然(靖江)设备制造有限公司 | Radial vibration centrifugal machine |
-
2019
- 2019-08-29 CN CN201910805987.7A patent/CN110523949B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2860625Y (en) * | 2005-07-31 | 2007-01-24 | 蒋政 | Transmission structure of circular shale shaker |
| KR20050103167A (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2005-10-27 | (주) 대경 | The manufacturing method of seamless tube having high purity |
| CN204787835U (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-18 | 上海重矿冶金设备技术有限公司 | Vibration adds components of a whole that can function independently seismic source device of skip |
| CN105382234A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-09 | 黄石新兴管业有限公司 | Dynamic balance adjustment method of large-diameter nodular cast iron tube mould |
| CN205762187U (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-12-07 | 江苏沃绿宝有机农业开发有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer screening machine |
| CN206016204U (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-03-15 | 陈福良 | A kind of laying ceramic tile jarring machine |
| CN110548851A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-10 | 卓然(靖江)设备制造有限公司 | Radial vibration centrifugal casting method |
| CN210730928U (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2020-06-12 | 卓然(靖江)设备制造有限公司 | Radial vibration centrifugal machine |
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| CN110523949A (en) | 2019-12-03 |
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