CN110518773B - Separately excited direct current motor - Google Patents
Separately excited direct current motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110518773B CN110518773B CN201810497642.5A CN201810497642A CN110518773B CN 110518773 B CN110518773 B CN 110518773B CN 201810497642 A CN201810497642 A CN 201810497642A CN 110518773 B CN110518773 B CN 110518773B
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
- H02K23/02—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by arrangement for exciting
- H02K23/12—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by arrangement for exciting having excitation produced by current sources independent of the armature circuit
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Abstract
The invention provides a separately excited direct current motor. The separately excited dc motor according to the present invention is connected to an external dc power supply device, and has a rated input current, and is characterized by including: a housing; m pairs of electric brushes; the stator comprises m pairs of main magnetic poles corresponding to m pairs of electric brushes and an excitation winding part, and a rotor, wherein the rotor is arranged in the stator and comprises a plurality of armature windings, the excitation winding part comprises N excitation winding units, the N excitation winding units correspond to the N pairs of electric brushes respectively, each pair of electric brushes comprises an electric brush corresponding to an S pole and an electric brush corresponding to an N pole, each electric brush corresponding to the S pole is electrically connected with one pole of an external direct-current power supply device, the electric brush corresponding to the N pole is electrically connected with the other pole of the external direct-current power supply device, one end of each insulated conductor bar is electrically connected with one pole of the external direct-current power supply device, the other end of each insulated conductor bar is electrically connected with the other pole of the external direct-current power supply device, and m and N are positive integers not less than 2.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of direct current motors, and particularly relates to a separately excited direct current motor.
Background
The exciting winding and the armature winding of the separately excited DC motor are respectively supplied with power by two power supplies, and exciting current is independently supplied and is irrelevant to armature current. Therefore, the separately excited direct current motor is convenient to control and easy to realize speed regulation, positive and negative rotation and energy feedback. The high-speed electric sightseeing vehicle is widely applied to electric forklifts, electric automobiles, electric sightseeing vehicles, electric tractors, large machine tool spindle transmission systems, ships and the like.
The DC motor is generally used together with a chopper to form a speed regulating device of the DC motor, and in order to ensure the reliability of a system, the maximum output current of the chopper is generally 2 to 3 times of the rated current of the motor. The chopper adopts the pulse width modulation technology to control the on-off of the power switch tube to change the output voltage and the output current, the size of the output current ripple is inversely proportional to the switching frequency of the power switch tube, and the size of the switching frequency of the power switch tube is directly proportional to the switching loss (or temperature rise and fault rate). And the motor output torque ripple is proportional to the square of the current ripple. Therefore, in order to reduce the motor output torque ripple or reduce the current ripple, it is necessary to increase the switching frequency; in order to reduce the switching losses, the switching frequency must be reduced. This contradiction affects the development of speed regulating device for high power and high performance DC motor. Which makes it difficult to apply to devices such as numerically controlled machine tools, which have high requirements for torque ripple.
The separately excited direct current motor applied to the national defense equipment is particularly sensitive to vibration and electromagnetic interference due to the stealth requirement, namely the ripple requirements on the output torque of the motor and the ripple requirements on the current are particularly strict. At present, the traditional separately excited direct current motor applied to high-power national defense electric equipment is difficult to deal with the detection technology with the increasingly developed technology.
For the above reasons, the development of the separately excited direct-current motor is restricted and affected, and economic construction and national defense construction are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and provides a separately excited dc motor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a separately excited direct current motor, which is connected with a first direct current power supply device and a second direct current power supply device and has rated input current, and is characterized by comprising the following components: a housing; m pairs of electric brushes are fixed in the shell and are arranged according to rated input current; the stator is arranged in the machine shell and comprises m pairs of main magnetic poles corresponding to the m pairs of electric brushes and an excitation winding; and a rotor disposed in the stator and including a plurality of armature windings connected in a lap winding manner, each pair of main magnetic poles comprises an S-polarity main magnetic pole and an N-polarity main magnetic pole, each pair of electric brushes comprises an S-pole corresponding electric brush corresponding to the S-polarity main magnetic pole and an N-pole corresponding electric brush corresponding to the N-polarity main magnetic pole, each excitation winding part comprises N excitation winding units, each excitation winding unit is formed by respectively manufacturing an excitation coil on m pairs of main magnetic poles through an insulated metal wire formed by a metal wire wrapped with an insulating layer, the insulated metal wire in each excitation winding unit has one end and the other end, the m pairs of main magnetic poles comprise a preset pair of main magnetic poles as a pair of preset main magnetic poles, one end of the insulated metal wire is led out from the S-polarity main magnetic pole or the N-polarity main magnetic pole in the pair of preset main magnetic poles, and all the ends of the insulated metal wires correspond to the main magnetic poles with the same polarity in the pair of preset main magnetic poles; each brush corresponding to the S pole or each brush corresponding to the N pole is provided with a terminal as m first external terminals for electrically connecting with one pole of the first dc power supply device, the remaining brushes not electrically connected with the first external terminals are provided with terminals as m second external terminals for electrically connecting with the other pole of the first dc power supply device, all the ends of each insulated conductor bar are used as N third external terminals for electrically connecting with one pole of the second dc power supply device, all the other ends of each insulated conductor bar are used as N fourth external terminals for electrically connecting with the other pole of the second dc power supply device, m is a positive integer not less than 2, and N is a positive integer not less than 2.
The invention provides a separately excited DC motor, which is connected with a first DC power supply device and a second DC power supply device outside and has rated input current, and is characterized by comprising the following components: a housing; m pairs of electric brushes fixed in the machine shell; a stator disposed in the casing and including m pairs of main poles corresponding to the m pairs of brushes and an excitation winding unit, and a rotor disposed in the stator and including a plurality of armature windings, wherein the excitation winding unit includes N excitation winding units connected by 2m excitation coils disposed on each main pole, each main pole includes N excitation coils formed by winding an insulated conductor bar on the main pole, the insulated conductor bar in each excitation winding unit has one end and the other end distinguished along a predetermined current direction of the excitation coil, each pair of main poles includes an S-polarity main pole and an N-polarity main pole corresponding to a winding direction of the excitation coil and a predetermined current direction of the excitation coil, each pair of brushes includes an S-polarity main pole corresponding to the S-polarity main pole and an N-polarity main pole corresponding to the N-polarity main pole The N poles correspond to the electric brushes, each S pole corresponds to the electric brush or each N pole corresponds to the electric brush and is respectively provided with a terminal as m first external terminals for being electrically connected with one pole of a first direct-current power supply device, the rest electric brushes which are not electrically connected with the first external terminals are respectively provided with terminals as m second external terminals for being electrically connected with the other pole of the first direct-current power supply device, all one ends of each insulating conductor strip serve as N third external terminals for being electrically connected with one pole of a second direct-current power supply device, all the other ends of each insulating conductor strip serve as N fourth external terminals for being electrically connected with the other pole of the second direct-current power supply device, m is a positive integer not less than 2, and N is a positive integer not less than 2.
The separately excited dc motor provided by the present invention may further have the technical features as follows: and a junction box fixed on the chassis, wherein the m first external terminals, the m second external terminals, the n third external terminals, and the n fourth external terminals are disposed in the junction box.
The separately excited direct current motor provided by the invention can also have the following technical characteristics: wherein one of the first external terminals and a corresponding one of the second external terminals constitute an armature terminal unit, and one of the third external terminals and a corresponding one of the fourth external terminals constitute an excitation terminal unit.
The separately excited direct current motor provided by the invention can also have the following technical characteristics: the m armature wiring units are correspondingly and electrically connected with the at least one first direct-current power supply device, and the n excitation wiring units are correspondingly and electrically connected with the at least one second direct-current power supply device.
The separately excited direct current motor provided by the invention can also have the following technical characteristics: wherein, the insulated conductor strip is any one of enameled wires and insulated copper conducting bars.
The separately excited direct current motor provided by the invention can also have the following technical characteristics: wherein, the winding direction and the number of turns of the m magnet exciting coils on all the main magnetic poles are the same.
The separately excited direct current motor provided by the invention can also have the following technical characteristics: in each excitation winding unit, the connection relationship of the 2m excitation coils is any one of series connection, parallel connection and series-parallel connection, and the connection relationship of the 2m excitation coils in each excitation winding unit is the same.
The separately excited direct current motor provided by the invention can also have the following technical characteristics: wherein, the connection mode of the armature windings is any one of single-layer folding, overlapping and complex wave.
The separately excited direct current motor provided by the invention can also have the following technical characteristics: the first direct-current power supply device and the second direct-current power supply device are respectively any one of a chopper, a battery and a rectification power supply.
Action and Effect of the invention
According to the separately excited dc motor provided by the present invention, since the excitation winding unit includes n excitation winding units, when each excitation winding unit is independently supplied with power from one external dc power supply device, each external dc power supply device only needs to bear the operating current of one excitation winding unit, which is only n times the excitation current of the motor.
An armature winding branch is connected between a pair of electric brushes, each pair of electric brushes and two electric brushes adjacent to the left and the right are respectively connected with an armature winding branch, so that when each first external terminal and the corresponding second external terminal are independently supplied with power by one external direct-current power supply device, each external direct-current power supply device only bears the working current of at most 2 armature winding branches and only has one m-th of the armature current of the motor.
Along with the increase of the armature current of the motor, as long as m is large enough, the m external direct current power supply devices independently supply power, and the output current of each external direct current power supply device can be small enough to avoid adopting a power module or a parallel current sharing technology, so that the cost is reduced.
Moreover, when the electric brush, the excitation winding unit and the connecting wire in the external direct-current power supply device and the motor have faults, only the part where the fault is located needs to be shielded, and other normal parts can still work, so that the reliability and the safety of the system are improved.
Every outside DC power supply device can adopt different control for every output current's wave form is inconsistent, reduces ripple and ripple coefficient of the sum of all outside DC power supply device's output current, and the ripple coefficient that also is the motor exciting current and armature current all reduce, thereby reduces the ripple and the ripple coefficient of the output torque of motor, and then reduces the ripple and the ripple coefficient of motor output rotational speed, reduces the electromagnetic interference, the vibration and the noise of motor.
Compared with the traditional separately excited direct current motor with only four terminals, the invention has more terminals, the current of each terminal is only one m of the armature current of the motor or one n of the exciting current of the motor, and the connecting wire and the connecting piece between the motor and an external direct current power supply device have lower requirements on contact resistance and insulation, thereby reducing the production cost and being beneficial to improving the reliability and the safety of the system.
In addition, the invention can break monopoly and blockade of foreign countries on the power module, the controller and the high-performance electric driving device, not only applies the separately excited direct current motor to large-load electric equipment such as an electric automobile, an electric carrier, a rail car, a sightseeing bus, a truck, a ship and the like, but also can improve the performance of the electric equipment, is applied to high-performance electric equipment such as a numerical control machine, a submarine and the like, and realizes the localization of the high-performance electric driving device.
In a word, the invention has the advantages of reasonable and simple structural design, high reliability and safety, and can be applied to high-power and high-performance separately excited direct current motor driving devices and electric equipment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a separately excited dc motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a separately excited dc motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the armature winding and the field winding of the separately excited dc motor of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection between the armature winding and the field winding of the separately excited dc motor according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the unfolding of the armature winding of the separately excited dc motor according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of a conventional separately excited dc motor;
fig. 7 is a waveform diagram of input currents of three pairs of brushes of the separately excited dc motor according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a waveform diagram of input currents of three excitation winding units of a separately excited dc motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a graph comparing the current of the separately excited dc motor in the embodiment of the present invention and the armature current of the conventional separately excited dc motor;
fig. 10 is a comparison graph of the current of the separately excited dc motor in the embodiment of the present invention and the excitation current of the conventional separately excited dc motor; and
fig. 11 is a torque comparison chart of the separately excited dc motor in the embodiment of the present invention and the torque of the conventional separately excited dc motor.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a separately excited dc motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a separately excited dc motor according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the armature winding and the field winding of the separately excited dc motor of the present invention; fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection between the armature winding and the field winding of the separately excited dc motor according to the embodiment of the present invention; fig. 5 is a schematic unfolded view of an armature winding single-lap joint of a separately excited dc motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, a separately excited dc motor 100 having a rated armature current and a rated field current is connected to a first dc power supply device and a second dc power supply device (not shown) outside.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the separately excited dc motor 100 includes a casing 11, a stator 12, brushes 13, a rotor 14, and a junction box (not shown in the drawings). As shown in fig. 3, the number of pairs of brushes is set to m according to the value of the rated armature current of the motor. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, m is set to 3 in the present embodiment. When the maximum output current borne by the contact of the power switch tube is I1Maximum line current of the polyphase AC motor is ImaxThe number m of pairs of brushes satisfies the following condition: m is more than Imax÷I1。
The stator 12 is arranged in the housing 11 and comprises 3 pairs of 6 main magnetic poles 121 and an excitation winding part 122; each main pole 121 includes 3 field coils 12211, each field coil 12211 is formed by winding an insulated conductor, which is formed by a conductor wrapped with an insulating layer, on the main pole 121, and the insulated conductor bar is any one of an enameled wire and an insulated copper bar, in this embodiment, the insulated conductor bar is an enameled wire. In this embodiment, the 3 field coils 12211 of each main pole 121 have the same winding direction and the same number of turns.
As shown in fig. 2, 6 excitation coils 12211, which are one excitation coil 12211, are extracted from each of the main poles 121, and are connected to form an excitation winding unit 1221 shown in fig. 4, the excitation winding portion 122 includes 3 excitation winding units 1221, the insulated conductor bars in each of the excitation winding units 1221 have one end and the other end distinguished according to the preset current direction of the excitation coil 12211, and each pair of main poles includes an S-polarity main pole 1211 and an N-polarity main pole 1212 corresponding to the winding direction of the excitation coil 12211 and the preset current direction of the excitation coil 12211. In this embodiment, the 3 field coils 12211 of each main pole 121 have the same winding direction and the same number of turns.
In each field winding unit 1221, the connection relationship of the 6 field coils 12211 is any one of series connection, parallel connection, or series-parallel connection, and the connection relationship of the 6 field coils 12211 in each field winding unit 1221 is the same, and in this embodiment, the connection relationship of the 6 field coils 12211 is series connection.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, 6 brushes 13 in 3 pairs are disposed in the housing 11, and each pair of brushes 13 includes an S-pole corresponding brush 131 corresponding to the S-polarity main pole 1211 and an N-pole corresponding brush 132 corresponding to the N-polarity main pole 1212. The brush 13 is either a narrow brush or a wide brush, and the brush 13 is a narrow brush in this embodiment.
As shown in fig. 2, the rotor 14 is disposed in the stator, and as shown in fig. 5, the rotor 14 includes a plurality of armature windings 141, and the plurality of armature windings 141 are coupled in any one of a single-layer winding, a multiple-layer winding, and a multiple-wave winding. In this embodiment, the plurality of armature windings are connected in a single stack.
The junction box is fixed to the cabinet 11, and as shown in fig. 4, 3 first external terminals 1511, 3 second external terminals 1512, 3 third external terminals 1513, and 3 fourth external terminals 1514 are provided in the junction box. A first external terminal 1511 and a corresponding second external terminal 1512 constitute an armature terminal unit. One third external terminal 1513 and a corresponding one fourth external terminal 1514 constitute one excitation wiring unit. The 3 armature wiring units are correspondingly and electrically connected with at least one first direct-current power supply device, the 3 excitation wiring units are correspondingly and electrically connected with at least one second direct-current power supply device, and the direct-current power supply device is one of a chopper, a battery and a rectification power supply. In the embodiment, 3 armature wiring units are electrically connected with 3 chopper power supply devices in a one-to-one correspondence manner, 3 excitation wiring units are electrically connected with 3 chopper power supply devices in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the switching frequencies of the 3 choppers are all 1 khz.
As shown in fig. 4, 3 brushes of each pair of brushes corresponding to the main magnetic pole of the same polarity serve as 3 first external terminals 1511 for electrical connection with one pole of the first dc power supply device (e.g., the positive pole of the dc power supply device), and the other 3 brushes of each pair serve as 3 second external terminals 1512 for electrical connection with the other pole of the first dc power supply device (e.g., the positive pole of the dc power supply device). One end of each of the field winding units 1221 serves as a third external terminal 1513 for electrical connection with one pole of the second dc power supply device (for example, the positive pole of the dc power supply device), and the other end of each of the field winding units 1221 serves as a fourth external terminal 1514 for electrical connection with the other pole of the second dc power supply device (for example, the negative pole of the dc power supply device).
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of a conventional separately excited dc motor; fig. 7 is a waveform diagram of input currents of three pairs of brushes of the separately excited dc motor according to the embodiment of the present invention; fig. 8 is a waveform diagram of input currents of three excitation winding units of a separately excited dc motor according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 9 is a graph comparing the current of the separately excited dc motor in the embodiment of the present invention and the armature current of the conventional separately excited dc motor; fig. 10 is a comparison graph of the current of the separately excited dc motor in the embodiment of the present invention and the excitation current of the conventional separately excited dc motor; and fig. 11 is a torque comparison diagram of a separately excited dc motor in the embodiment of the present invention and a torque comparison diagram of a conventional separately excited dc motor.
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of a conventional separately excited dc motor having only 4 terminals, a wiring unit electrically connected to 2 chopper power supply devices, and switching frequencies of the choppers all being 1 khz.
In steady state, the current ripple is the difference between the maximum and minimum values, and the ripple factor is the percentage of the difference between the maximum and minimum values and the average value.
As shown in fig. 7, in the embodiment of the present invention, the current ripples of the three pairs of brushes A1B1, A2B2, and A3B3 of the separately excited dc motor are all equal to 11.99 amperes from 99.31 to 87.33, the average value is all equal to 93.32 amperes, and the ripple coefficients are all equal to 11.99/93.32 × 100% to 12.84%.
As shown in fig. 8, the current ripples of the three field winding units 1221, 1222 and 1223 of the separately excited dc motor in the embodiment of the present invention are all equal to 61.97-61.37-0.60 ampere, the average value is equal to 61.67 ampere, and the ripple coefficients are all equal to 0.60/61.67 × 100% -0.97%.
As shown in fig. 9, in a steady state, the armature current of the separately excited dc motor in the embodiment of the present invention is equal to the sum of the currents of the three pairs of brushes A1B1, A2B2, and A3B3 in fig. 7, the ripple of the armature current is 281.95-277.98-3.97 amperes, the average value is 279.97 amperes, and the ripple coefficients are all equal to 3.97/279.97 × 100% — 1.42%. The armature current ripple of the traditional motor is equal to 297.94-261.98-35.96 amperes, the average value is equal to 279.97 amperes, and the ripple factor is equal to 35.96/279.97 × 100% -12.84%. Although the average value of the armature current of the separately excited dc motor in the embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the conventional motor, the armature current ripple and the ripple coefficient of the separately excited dc motor in the embodiment of the present invention are only one ninth of those of the conventional motor.
As shown in fig. 10, in a steady state, the excitation current of the separately excited dc motor in the embodiment of the present invention is equal to the sum of the currents of the three excitation winding units 1221, 1222, and 1223 in fig. 8, the ripple of the excitation current is 185.10-184.90-0.2 amperes, the average value is 185.0 amperes, and the ripple coefficients are all equal to 0.2/185 × 100% -0.11%. The ripple of the exciting current of the traditional motor is equal to 185.9-184.1-1.8 amperes, the average value is equal to 185.0 amperes, and the ripple factor is equal to 1.8/185.0 multiplied by 100-0.97%. Although the average value of the exciting current of the separately excited dc motor in the embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the conventional motor, the exciting current ripple and the ripple coefficient of the separately excited dc motor in the embodiment of the present invention are only one ninth of those of the conventional motor.
As is known, the electromagnetic torque and the equation of motion of the separately excited dc motor are as follows
Wherein, TemIs an electromagnetic torque; cTIs a torque constant; phi is the magnetic flux of the main magnetic field; l isafIs the mutual inductance of the excitation winding part and the armature winding and is a constant; i isfIs the excitation winding part current; i isaIs the armature winding current; t isloadIs the load torque; j is the moment of inertia of the load, which is a constant; Ω is output angular velocity; in the formula (1), the electromagnetic torque TemAnd armature current IaProportional to the product of the magnetic flux phi of the main magnetic field excited by the field winding of the DC motor fed by the chopper, and the electromagnetic torque T is shown by the equation (1)emAnd armature current IaAnd field winding part current IfIs proportional to the product of (a) and the current I of the field winding partfRipple factor and armature winding current IaWill result in an electromagnetic torque TemThe ripple factor, ripple or ripple of the output angular velocity Ω, which is larger, is more poor, and the performance of the driving device and the electric equipment is worse.
In this embodiment, LafTaking 1, in a steady state, as shown in fig. 11, the motor torque ripple of the separately excited direct current in the embodiment of the present invention is 52188.25-51398.38-789.87 n.m, the average value is 51793.56n.m, and the ripple factor is equal to 1.53%. The torque ripple of the traditional separately excited dc motor is equal to 55386.15-48229.93-7156.21 n.m, the average value is equal to 51798.89n.m, and the ripple factor is equal to 13.82%.
That is to say, although the torque average value of the separately excited dc motor in this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the conventional motor, the ripple and the ripple coefficient of the torque of the separately excited dc motor in this embodiment are only one ninth of those of the conventional motor, which reduces the ripple and the ripple coefficient of the output torque of the motor, and further reduces the ripple and the ripple coefficient of the output rotation speed of the motor, thereby finally achieving the purpose of reducing the electromagnetic interference, vibration, and noise of the motor, and improving the performance of the series excited dc motor and the electric device.
Effects and effects of the embodiments
According to the separately excited dc motor provided in this embodiment, because one armature winding branch is connected between a pair of brushes, and each pair of brushes and two brushes adjacent to each other on the left and right are connected to one armature winding branch, when each first external terminal and the corresponding second external terminal are independently supplied with power by one external dc power supply device, each external dc power supply device only needs to bear the operating current of at most 2 armature winding branches, and only has one m-th of the armature current of the motor. Along with the increase of the armature current of the motor, as long as m is large enough, the m external direct current power supply devices independently supply power, and the output current of each external direct current power supply device can be small enough to avoid adopting a power module or a parallel current sharing technology, so that the cost is reduced.
Moreover, when the armature winding, the electric brush, the excitation winding unit and the connecting wire in the external direct-current power supply device and the motor have faults, only the fault part needs to be shielded, and other normal parts can still work, so that the reliability and the safety of the system are improved.
Every outside DC power supply device can adopt different control for every output current's wave form is inconsistent, reduces ripple and ripple coefficient of the sum of all outside DC power supply device's output current, and the ripple coefficient that also is the motor exciting current and armature current all reduce, thereby reduces the ripple and the ripple coefficient of the output torque of motor, and then reduces the ripple and the ripple coefficient of motor output rotational speed, reduces the electromagnetic interference, the vibration and the noise of motor.
Compared with a traditional separately excited direct current motor with only four terminals, the direct current motor has more terminals, the current of each terminal is only one third of the armature current of the motor or one third of the exciting current of the motor, and the connecting wire and the connecting piece between the motor and an external direct current power supply device have lower requirements on contact resistance and insulation, reduce the production cost and contribute to improving the reliability and safety of the system.
In addition, the invention can break monopoly and blockade of foreign countries on the power module, the controller and the high-performance electric driving device, so that the invention not only can be applied to large-load electric equipment such as electric automobiles, electric carriers, rail cars, sightseeing vehicles, trucks and ships, but also can improve the performance of the electric equipment, is applied to high-performance electric equipment such as numerical control machines, submarines and the like, and realizes the localization of the high-performance electric driving device.
In a word, the embodiment has the advantages of reasonable and simple structural design, high reliability and safety, and can be applied to high-power and high-performance electric driving devices and electric equipment.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A separately excited direct current motor connected to a first direct current power supply device and a second direct current power supply device, having a rated input current, comprising:
a housing;
the m pairs of electric brushes are fixed in the shell and are arranged according to the rated input current;
a stator arranged in the casing and including m pairs of main magnetic poles corresponding to the m pairs of brushes and an excitation winding part; and
a rotor disposed in the stator and including a plurality of armature windings connected in a lap winding manner,
wherein each pair of the main magnetic poles comprises an S-polarity main magnetic pole and an N-polarity main magnetic pole,
each pair of the brushes comprises an S-pole corresponding brush corresponding to the S-pole main magnetic pole and an N-pole corresponding brush corresponding to the N-pole main magnetic pole,
the excitation winding part comprises n excitation winding units, each excitation winding unit is formed by respectively manufacturing excitation coils on the m pairs of main magnetic poles through insulated metal wires formed by metal wires wrapped with insulating layers,
the insulated metal wire in each of the field winding units has one end and the other end,
the m pairs of main poles include a predetermined pair of the main poles as a pair of predetermined main poles,
the one end of the insulated metal wire is led out from the S-polarity main pole or the N-polarity main pole of the pair of preset main poles,
all the one ends of the insulated metal wires correspond to the main magnetic poles with the same polarity in the pair of preset main magnetic poles;
each of the S-pole corresponding brushes or each of the N-pole corresponding brushes is provided with terminals as m first external terminals for electrical connection with one pole of a first dc power supply device,
the remaining brushes not electrically connected to the first external terminal are respectively provided with terminals as m second external terminals for electrical connection to the other pole of the first direct current power supply device,
all of the one ends of the respective insulated metal wires serve as n third external terminals for electrical connection with the one pole of the second direct current power supply device,
all of the other ends of the respective insulated metal wires serve as n fourth external terminals for electrical connection with the other pole of the second direct current power supply device,
the m is a positive integer not less than 2,
and n is a positive integer not less than 2.
2. A separately excited dc motor connected to first and second external dc power supply devices and having a rated input current, comprising:
a housing;
m pairs of electric brushes fixed in the machine shell;
a stator disposed in the case, including m pairs of main poles corresponding to the m pairs of brushes and an excitation winding portion, an
A rotor disposed within the stator and including a plurality of armature windings,
wherein the excitation winding part comprises n excitation winding units which are connected by 2m excitation windings respectively arranged on each main magnetic pole,
each main magnetic pole comprises n magnet exciting coils which are respectively wound on the main magnetic pole through insulating conductor strips formed by strip conductors wrapped with insulating layers,
the insulated conductor bar in each of the field winding units has one end and the other end distinguished in a preset current direction of the field coil,
each pair of the main magnetic poles comprises an S-pole main magnetic pole and an N-pole main magnetic pole which correspond to the winding direction of the exciting coil and the preset current direction of the exciting coil, each pair of the electric brushes comprises an S-pole corresponding electric brush corresponding to the S-pole main magnetic pole and an N-pole corresponding electric brush corresponding to the N-pole main magnetic pole,
each of the S-pole corresponding brushes or each of the N-pole corresponding brushes is provided with terminals as m first external terminals for electrical connection with one pole of a first dc power supply device,
the remaining brushes not electrically connected to the first external terminal are respectively provided with terminals as m second external terminals for electrical connection to the other pole of the first direct current power supply device,
all of the one ends of the respective insulated conductor bars serve as n third external terminals for electrical connection with the one pole of the second direct current power supply device,
all of the other ends of the respective insulated conductor bars serve as n fourth external terminals for electrical connection with the other pole of the second direct current power supply device,
the m is a positive integer not less than 2,
and n is a positive integer not less than 2.
3. A separately excited direct current motor according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
a junction box fixed on the machine shell,
wherein m of the first external terminals, m of the second external terminals, n of the third external terminals, and n of the fourth external terminals are provided within the junction box.
4. The separately excited direct current motor according to claim 2, wherein:
wherein one of the first external terminals and a corresponding one of the second external terminals constitute an armature terminal unit,
one of the third external terminals and a corresponding one of the fourth external terminals constitute an excitation wiring unit.
5. The separately excited direct current motor according to claim 4, wherein:
wherein m armature wiring units are correspondingly and electrically connected with at least one first direct current power supply device,
the n excitation wiring units are correspondingly and electrically connected with at least one second direct-current power supply device.
6. The separately excited direct current motor according to claim 2, wherein:
the insulated conductor strip is any one of an enameled wire or an insulated copper conducting strip.
7. The separately excited direct current motor according to claim 2, wherein:
and the winding direction and the number of turns of the n excitation coils on all the main magnetic poles are the same.
8. The separately excited direct current motor according to claim 2, wherein:
wherein, in each of the excitation winding units, the connection relationship of 2m excitation coils is any one of series connection, parallel connection and series-parallel connection,
the connection relations of the excitation coils in the excitation winding units are the same.
9. The separately excited direct current motor according to claim 2, wherein:
wherein, the connection mode of the armature windings is any one of single-layer folding, overlapping and complex wave.
10. The separately excited direct current motor according to claim 2, wherein:
wherein the first direct current power supply device and the second direct current power supply device are respectively any one of a chopper, a battery and a rectified power supply.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810497642.5A CN110518773B (en) | 2018-05-22 | 2018-05-22 | Separately excited direct current motor |
| PCT/CN2018/114621 WO2019223253A1 (en) | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-08 | Direct current motor |
| US17/052,534 US11211855B2 (en) | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-08 | Direct current motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810497642.5A CN110518773B (en) | 2018-05-22 | 2018-05-22 | Separately excited direct current motor |
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| CN110518773A CN110518773A (en) | 2019-11-29 |
| CN110518773B true CN110518773B (en) | 2020-12-25 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2019223253A1 (en) | 2018-05-22 | 2019-11-28 | 上海理工大学 | Direct current motor |
| CN111277099A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2020-06-12 | 上海理工大学 | Separately excited DC motor |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7239063B2 (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2007-07-03 | Asmo Co., Ltd. | Motor having supply brushes |
| JP2010098930A (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2010-04-30 | Asmo Co Ltd | Brushed hybrid excitation motor and method of driving the same |
| CN203933177U (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-11-05 | 溧阳市宏达电机有限公司 | A kind of direct-current series-excited variable-blade motor |
| CN106602947A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-04-26 | 上海理工大学 | Electric driving unit, chopper circuit, DC motor and electric equipment |
| CN107086831A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-08-22 | 上海理工大学 | Direct current drive drive device and electrical equipment |
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2018
- 2018-05-22 CN CN201810497642.5A patent/CN110518773B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7239063B2 (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2007-07-03 | Asmo Co., Ltd. | Motor having supply brushes |
| JP2010098930A (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2010-04-30 | Asmo Co Ltd | Brushed hybrid excitation motor and method of driving the same |
| CN203933177U (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-11-05 | 溧阳市宏达电机有限公司 | A kind of direct-current series-excited variable-blade motor |
| CN106602947A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-04-26 | 上海理工大学 | Electric driving unit, chopper circuit, DC motor and electric equipment |
| CN107086831A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-08-22 | 上海理工大学 | Direct current drive drive device and electrical equipment |
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