CN110518457B - Lightning arrester - Google Patents

Lightning arrester Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110518457B
CN110518457B CN201910865077.8A CN201910865077A CN110518457B CN 110518457 B CN110518457 B CN 110518457B CN 201910865077 A CN201910865077 A CN 201910865077A CN 110518457 B CN110518457 B CN 110518457B
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electric field
lightning arrester
cap
base
ring
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CN110518457A (en
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王忠良
何平
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Individual
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01TSPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T19/00Devices providing for corona discharge
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01TSPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T19/00Devices providing for corona discharge
    • H01T19/04Devices providing for corona discharge having pointed electrodes

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A lightning arrester is composed of a base, an insulating ring installed to the base, and a cap-shaped electric field enhancer supported by the insulating ring. A non-contact discharge current sensor is arranged in the insulating ring, and the sensor can detect the electrostatic induction voltage and the amplitude of corona discharge current of the lightning arrester. A data processor, a wireless data transmission device, a power supply and the like are arranged in a box in the lower space of the convex ring. The antenna of the wireless data transmission device and the solar panel of the system power supply are arranged outside the whole device. All working parameters of the lightning arrester can be monitored, recorded and archived by the discharge current sensor, the data processor and the data transmission device thereof.

Description

Lightning arrester
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lightning eliminating device, in particular to a lightning eliminating device for eliminating a thundercloud electric field in a guiding manner.
Background
At present, in the technical field of lightning elimination, a pilot type thundercloud electric field elimination device is proposed, (shown in figure 1), and the pilot type thundercloud electric field elimination device mainly comprises a base, an insulating ring arranged on a convex ring of the base, a cap-shaped electric field enhancer supported by the insulating ring and a needle-shaped lightning receptor arranged on the cap-shaped electric field enhancer, wherein an annular discharge gap is arranged between the cap-shaped electric field enhancer and the convex ring of the base. Although the product is provided with a gap discharge residual voltage detection circuit consisting of microelectronic circuits, as the contact detection mode is that a lead for detecting discharge residual voltage signals is directly connected to a base of the lightning arrester, and the residual voltage of the lightning arrester can be detected only when an annular discharge gap breaks down due to overvoltage, the real-time induced voltage of an electric field enhancer before the annular discharge gap breaks down cannot be detected, and once the residual voltage is too high or a protection element fails, fatal threat is brought to microelectronic devices in a sampling circuit; in addition, the detection device is arranged in a large independent shell, and the independent shell is arranged between the base and the bracket of the lightning arrester, so that the whole product is bulky and large in volume, and the installation and maintenance of the product are very inconvenient; thus, there is a need for further improvements and enhancements to the product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an improved pilot type thundercloud electric field eliminating device, which adopts a non-contact discharge current sensor, and can realize detection of electrostatic voltage generated by thundercloud induction, corona current detection of the device and short-circuit current detection during gap breakdown by only using one discharge current sensor; not only the parameter detection range of the device is enlarged, but also the invasion hazard of excessive residual voltage is radically avoided; in addition, the detection system and the main body structure of the lightning arrester adopt an integrated structure, so that the volume of the product is further reduced, and the installation and the maintenance of the product are very easy.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A lightning arrester is composed of a base, an insulating ring installed to the convex ring of base, a cap-shaped electric field enhancer supported by said insulating ring, a needle-shaped lightning receptor installed to said electric field enhancer, a ring-shaped discharge gap between said electric field enhancer and convex ring, a non-contact discharge current sensor installed to said insulating ring, a sensor whose sensitive element is toward the center of spherical surface of said electric field enhancer, a data processor for outputting the signal from sensor, a wireless data transmitter for outputting the signal from data processor, and a cover plate for covering the antenna of wireless data transmitter and the solar cell panel of system.
The discharge current sensor has a cylindrical shell, the shell and the upper cover of the shell are assembled together in a threaded connection mode, a large hole is arranged in the middle of the upper cover, a sensing element is pressed between the upper cover and the shell and is a round metal electrode plate, a PCB circuit board is arranged in the shell, the metal electrode plate is connected to a sampling resistor of the circuit board by a wire, the other end of the resistor is connected to a base of the lightning arrester, two ends of the resistor are also connected with a bridge rectifier element, the output end of the bridge rectifier element is connected with a filter circuit, an output signal of the filter circuit is sent to an amplifier, the amplified signal is divided into two paths, one path is directly sent to a data processor, the other path is sent to a voltage comparator, the output signal of the comparator is sent to the data processor, the data processor circuit is composed of a singlechip and peripheral devices thereof, the output signals of the singlechip are sent to a wireless data transmission device, the wireless data transmission device is composed of a wireless transmitting and receiving device, the lower part of a shell of the sensor is also connected with a cup-shaped metal cylinder, the cup-shaped metal cylinder and the shell of the sensor are assembled together in a threaded connection mode or can be assembled together in a bonding mode, a section of external thread is processed on the outer wall of the cup-shaped metal cylinder, the external thread is screwed on an internal thread ring made of metal, the internal thread ring is fixed on an annular metal plate by screws, the annular metal plate is fixed on the end face of the lower part of the insulating ring, and the outer edge of the annular metal plate is pressed between the insulating ring and the base convex ring along with the assembly of the insulating ring and the base convex ring.
The circular metal electrode plate can be also provided with a plurality of vertical metal plates which are in a radial shape by taking the center of the metal electrode plate as the center, the metal electrode plate and the vertical metal plates can be welded together in an assembling mode or can be made into a whole in a casting mode, the center of the inner part of the spherical surface of the cap-shaped electric field enhancer can be a raw casting surface, a columnar boss can be cast, the end face of the boss can be provided with the circular metal electrode plate, the radial vertical metal plates can be arranged on the boss, and the filter circuit can be a passive RC or LC low-pass filter circuit or an active low-pass filter circuit.
The metal electrode plate of the discharge current sensor can be replaced by a circular PCB, and copper foil on the PCB replaces the metal electrode plate.
The discharge current sensor can also be an annular induction coil arranged on a PCB, two output ends of the induction coil are respectively connected to two ends of the sampling resistor, the induction coil can be a small Rogowski coil or an annular array formed by a plurality of sections of magnetic core coils, and the coils are connected in series to finally form two total output ends.
The convex ring and the cap-shaped electric field enhancer of the insulating ring and the base can be assembled together in a threaded connection mode, or the convex ring and the cap-shaped electric field enhancer are sleeved on the insulating ring first and then are reinforced and connected together by bolts.
Compared with the existing products, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. Because the lightning arrester is added with the discharge current sensor for testing, a plurality of working parameters of the lightning arrester can be detected through the detection of the discharge current; and the non-contact detection mode fundamentally eliminates the invasion of excessive residual voltage into the detection circuit. The amplitude of the voltage signal output by the discharge current sensor is very small after the current signal generated by the discharge current sensor is transformed by the sampling resistor. Before the corona of the lightning arrester, the signal output by the sensor is in millivolt level, and after the corona of the lightning arrester, the signal amplitude is below hundreds of millivolts, even when the discharge gap of the lightning arrester is broken down and discharged, the signal amplitude output by the sensor is below a few volts, so the discharge current sensor does not have high-voltage signal output, and the damage of residual voltage to microelectronic circuit elements is radically avoided by the lightning arrester.
2. Because the lightning arrester adopts an integrated structural design, the discharge current sensor, the data processing circuit and the data transmission device thereof, except that the antenna and the solar cell panel of the system power supply device are arranged outside the lightning arrester, the rest is arranged inside the lightning arrester, the internal space of the product is fully utilized, compared with the original product, the volume is greatly reduced, the integrated structure of the product is truly realized, the manufacturing cost of the product is greatly reduced, and the installation and maintenance work of the product is also greatly facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prior art product.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the product structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sensor and data processor and wireless data transmission device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a metal electrode sheet of the sensor.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a sensor metal electrode sheet with a vertical radial metal sheet.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a sensor metal electrode sheet with an inductor coil.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a cap-shaped electric field enhancer with a cylindrical boss and a sensor metal electrode plate with a vertical metal plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but it should be noted that the practice of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prior art product. In the figure, 1 is a base, 1-1 is a convex ring, 1-2 is a tooth-shaped discharge electrode, 2 is an insulating ring, 3 is a cap-shaped electric field enhancer, 3-1 is a ring-shaped discharge electrode of the cap-shaped electric field enhancer, and 4 is a needle-shaped lightning receptor.
The structural schematic diagrams of the lightning arrester of the present invention are shown in fig. 2 to 7. The lightning arrester of the invention is composed of a base 1, an insulating ring 2 arranged on a convex ring 1-1 of the base 1 and a cap-shaped electric field enhancer 3 supported by the insulating ring 2, wherein the cap-shaped electric field enhancer 3 is also provided with a needle-shaped lightning receptor 4, and the lower edge of the cap-shaped electric field enhancer 3 is the upper annular discharge electrode 3-1 of the lightning arrester; at the upper edge of the collar 1-1 of the base 1, a plurality of tooth-like discharge electrodes 1-2, which are lower annular discharge electrodes of the lightning arrester, are machined. The positions of the lower annular toothed discharge electrode 1-2 and the upper annular discharge electrode 3-1 are corresponding. Inside the insulating ring 2 is mounted a non-contact discharge current sensor 5. The sensitive element of the discharge current sensor 5 is oriented toward the spherical inner center of the cap-shaped electric field enhancer 3. The output signal of the discharge current sensor 5 is amplified by the internal amplifier 5-7 of the sensor and then divided into two paths, one path is directly transmitted to the data processor 6-1, the other path is transmitted to the data processor 6-1 after passing through a voltage comparator, the output signal of the data processor 6-1 is transmitted to the wireless data transmission device 6-2, the data processor 6-1, the wireless data transmission device 6-2 and the power supply device 6-3 of the system are arranged inside an independent box 6, the box 6 is arranged in the space in the convex ring 1-1 at the lower part of the insulating ring 2, and the antenna 6-2-1 of the wireless data transmission device 6-2 and the solar cell panel 6-3-1 of the power supply device 6-3 are arranged outside the whole device. The insulating ring 2 and the convex ring 1-1 of the base 1 and the cap-shaped electric field enhancer 3 can be assembled together in a threaded connection mode, or the convex ring 1-1 and the cap-shaped electric field enhancer 3 are sleeved on the insulating ring 2 first and then are reinforced and connected together by bolts. The side wall of the convex ring 1-1 is also provided with a rectangular opening, and a detachable cover plate is arranged on the opening for installing or overhauling the discharge current sensor 5 and replacing the box 6.
The discharge current sensor 5 has a cylindrical housing 5-1, the housing 5-1 and the upper cover 5-4 are assembled together in a threaded manner, and a large circular hole is formed in the middle of the upper cover 5-4. A sensitive element, namely a metal electrode plate 5-5 is pressed between the upper cover 5-4 and the shell 5-1, the metal electrode plate 5-5 is connected to a sampling resistor 5-2 of the circuit board 5-3 by a wire, and the other end of the resistor 5-2 is connected to the base 1. Two ends of the resistor 5-2 are connected with a bridge rectifier element, the output end of the rectifier element is connected with an RC low-pass filter, and the output signal of the filter is sent to an amplifier 5-7. The amplified signal of the amplifier 5-7 is sent to a data processor 6-1, the circuit of the data processor 6-1 is composed of a single chip microcomputer and peripheral devices thereof, the output signal of the data processor 6-1 is sent to a wireless data transmission device 6-2, and the wireless data transmission device 6-2 is composed of a wireless transmitting device and a wireless receiving device. In order to enhance the corona discharge effect of the metal electrode sheet 5-5, a plurality of vertical metal sheets 5-6 may be further installed on the metal electrode sheet 5-5, and the vertical metal sheets 5-6 form a radial shape with the center of the metal electrode sheet 5-5 as the center. They can be welded together with the metal electrode sheet 5-5 in a spliced manner or can be made into a whole in a cast manner. A cup-shaped metal cylinder 5-10 is also connected to the lower part of the housing 5-1 of the sensor 5, which are screwed together. The outer wall of the cup-shaped metal cylinder 5-10 is provided with a section of external thread which is screwed on an internal thread ring 5-9 made of metal, the internal thread ring 5-9 is fixed on an annular metal plate 5-8 by using screws, the annular metal plate 5-8 is fixed on the lower end face of the insulating ring 2, and along with the assembly of the insulating ring 2 and the base convex ring 1-1, the outer side edge of the annular metal plate 5-8 is pressed between the insulating ring 2 and the base convex ring 1-1. The center of the spherical surface of the cap-shaped electric field enhancer 3 can be a raw casting surface, a columnar boss 5-12 can be cast, the end surface of the boss 5-12 can be provided with a round metal electrode plate 5-5, and a radial vertical metal plate 5-6 can be arranged on the round metal electrode plate. The metal electrode sheet 5-5 of the discharge current sensor 5 can also be replaced by a circular PCB circuit board, and copper foil on the circuit board replaces the effect of the metal electrode sheet 5-5.
The discharge current sensor can also be an annular induction coil 5-11 arranged on a PCB, two output ends of the induction coil 5-11 are respectively connected to two ends of the sampling resistor 5-2, the induction coil 5-11 can be a small Rogowski coil or a coil array consisting of a plurality of sections of magnetic core coils, the coils are finally assembled into two total output ends in a series connection mode, and the rest structures are the same as the above.
The insulating ring 2, the base convex ring 1-1 and the cap-shaped electric field enhancer 3 can be assembled together in a threaded connection mode, or the convex ring 1-1 and the cap-shaped electric field enhancer 3 are sleeved on the insulating ring 2 first and then are reinforced and connected together by bolts.
The working process of the lightning arrester is as follows: when the sky has charged thundercloud, when the electric potential of the thundercloud has not reached the breakdown voltage (10-30 KV/cm) of the air, the needle-shaped lightning receptor 4 and the cap-shaped electric field enhancer 3 thereof generate electrostatic charge and additional electric field due to electrostatic induction phenomenon. After the additional electric field is overlapped with the thundercloud electric field, if the ionization corona onset voltage (generally 5-10 KV/cm) of the device is not reached, the lightning arrester does not enter a working state, and certainly, the thundercloud does not generate a lightning stroke phenomenon; when the additional electric field is overlapped with the thundercloud electric field, if the ionization corona onset voltage (5-10 KV/cm) of the device is reached, the lightning arrester enters a working state, and corona discharge is started between the annular discharge electrode 3-1 of the cap-shaped electric field enhancer 3 and the toothed discharge electrode 1-2 on the convex ring 1-1, so that corona current is generated. After positive and negative ions generated by corona discharge fly into the air, under the action of a thundercloud electric field, the positive and negative ions fly to the thundercloud and the ground respectively and neutralize the lightning leading charges and the ground charges of the positive and negative ions, so that the condition that the thundercloud leading by the lightning loses the lightning stroke is eliminated, and the lightning stroke effect can not occur any more.
Compared with the existing products, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1 because a discharge current sensor for testing is added in the lightning arrester, a plurality of working parameters of the lightning arrester can be detected through the detection of the discharge current; and the non-contact detection mode fundamentally eliminates the invasion of excessive residual voltage into the detection circuit. The amplitude of the voltage signal output by the discharge current sensor is very small after the current signal generated by the discharge current sensor is transformed by the sampling resistor. Before the corona of the lightning arrester, the signal output by the sensor is in millivolt level, and after the corona of the lightning arrester, the signal amplitude is below hundreds of millivolts, even when the discharge gap of the lightning arrester is broken down and discharged, the signal amplitude output by the sensor is below a few volts, so the discharge current sensor does not have high-voltage signal output, and the damage of residual voltage to microelectronic circuit elements is radically avoided by the lightning arrester.
2. Because the lightning arrester adopts an integrated structural design, the discharge current sensor, the data processing circuit and the data transmission device thereof, except that the antenna and the solar cell panel of the system power supply device are arranged outside the lightning arrester, the rest is arranged inside the lightning arrester, the internal space of the product is fully utilized, compared with the original product, the volume is greatly reduced, the integrated structure of the product is truly realized, the manufacturing cost of the product is greatly reduced, and the installation and maintenance work of the product is also greatly facilitated.

Claims (4)

1. A lightning arrester, characterized in that: the lightning arrester comprises a base, an insulating ring arranged on a convex ring of the base and a cap-shaped electric field enhancer supported by the insulating ring, wherein a needle-shaped lightning arrester is also arranged on the cap-shaped electric field enhancer, an annular discharge gap is arranged between the cap-shaped electric field enhancer and the convex ring of the base, a non-contact discharge current sensor is arranged inside the insulating ring of the lightning arrester, a sensitive element of the sensor faces to the center of the spherical surface of the cap-shaped electric field enhancer, an output signal of the sensor is sent to a data processor, an output signal of the data processor is sent to a wireless data transmission device, the data processor, the wireless data transmission device and a power supply device of a system are arranged in a box, the box is arranged in a space in the convex ring of the base, an outlet is formed in the side wall of the convex ring and is covered with a cover plate, and an antenna of the wireless data transmission device and a solar cell panel of the power supply device of the system are arranged outside the whole device;
The discharge current sensor has a cylindrical shell, the shell and the upper cover of the shell are assembled together in a threaded connection mode, a large hole is arranged in the middle of the upper cover, a sensing element is pressed between the upper cover and the shell and is a round metal electrode plate, a PCB circuit board is arranged in the shell, the metal electrode plate is connected to a sampling resistor of the circuit board by a wire, the other end of the resistor is connected to a base of the lightning arrester, two ends of the resistor are also connected with a bridge rectifier element, the output end of the bridge rectifier element is connected with a filter circuit, an output signal of the filter circuit is sent to an amplifier, the amplified signal is divided into two paths, one path is directly sent to a data processor, the other path is sent to a voltage comparator, the output signal of the comparator is sent to the data processor, the data processor circuit is composed of a singlechip and peripheral devices thereof, the output signals of the singlechip are sent to a wireless data transmission device, the wireless data transmission device is composed of a wireless transmitting and receiving device, the lower part of a shell of the sensor is also connected with a cup-shaped metal cylinder, the cup-shaped metal cylinder and the shell of the sensor are assembled together in a threaded mode or are assembled together in a bonding mode, a section of external thread is processed on the outer wall of the cup-shaped metal cylinder, the external thread is screwed on an internal thread ring made of metal, the internal thread ring is fixed on an annular metal plate by screws, the annular metal plate is fixed on the end face of the lower part of the insulating ring, and the outer edge of the annular metal plate is pressed between the insulating ring and the base convex ring along with the assembly of the insulating ring and the base convex ring;
The circular metal electrode plate can be also provided with a plurality of vertical metal plates which are in a radial shape by taking the center of the metal electrode plate as the center, the metal electrode plate and the vertical metal plates are welded together in an assembling mode or are made into a whole in a casting mode, the center of the inner part of the spherical surface of the cap-shaped electric field enhancer is a raw casting surface, or a columnar boss is cast, the end face of the boss can be also provided with a circular metal electrode plate, the radial vertical metal plates can be also arranged on the boss, and the filter circuit is a passive RC or LC low-pass filter circuit or an active low-pass filter circuit.
2. A lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein: the metal electrode plate of the discharge current sensor is replaced by a circular PCB, and copper foil on the PCB replaces the metal electrode plate.
3. A lightning protection device according to claim 2, characterised in that: the discharge current sensor is an annular induction coil arranged on a PCB, two output ends of the induction coil are respectively connected to two ends of the sampling resistor, the induction coil is a small Rogowski coil or an annular array formed by a plurality of sections of magnetic core coils, and the coils are finally assembled into two total output ends in a series connection mode.
4. A lightning protection device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterised in that: the insulating ring, the convex ring of the base and the cap-shaped electric field enhancer are assembled together in a threaded connection mode, or the convex ring and the cap-shaped electric field enhancer are sleeved on the insulating ring first and then are reinforced and connected together by bolts.
CN201910865077.8A 2019-09-09 2019-09-09 Lightning arrester Active CN110518457B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910865077.8A CN110518457B (en) 2019-09-09 2019-09-09 Lightning arrester

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910865077.8A CN110518457B (en) 2019-09-09 2019-09-09 Lightning arrester

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CN110518457A CN110518457A (en) 2019-11-29
CN110518457B true CN110518457B (en) 2024-05-31

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101025499B1 (en) * 2010-08-24 2011-04-04 (주)의제전기설비연구원 Flat electrode type dipole lightning arrester
CN201910577U (en) * 2010-12-10 2011-07-27 厦门大恒科技有限公司 Lightning rod capable of recording lightning current value and automatically transmitting current value
CN107910752A (en) * 2017-10-30 2018-04-13 张学维 A kind of equivalent ion resistance thunder unit and Integrated Lightning protection System
CN108963767A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-12-07 北京中呈科通防雷技术有限公司 A kind of corona field drives thunder device and its drives thunder method
CN210201157U (en) * 2019-09-09 2020-03-27 何平 Thunder eliminating device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101025499B1 (en) * 2010-08-24 2011-04-04 (주)의제전기설비연구원 Flat electrode type dipole lightning arrester
CN201910577U (en) * 2010-12-10 2011-07-27 厦门大恒科技有限公司 Lightning rod capable of recording lightning current value and automatically transmitting current value
CN107910752A (en) * 2017-10-30 2018-04-13 张学维 A kind of equivalent ion resistance thunder unit and Integrated Lightning protection System
CN108963767A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-12-07 北京中呈科通防雷技术有限公司 A kind of corona field drives thunder device and its drives thunder method
CN210201157U (en) * 2019-09-09 2020-03-27 何平 Thunder eliminating device

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