CN110516977B - Method for evaluating tightness of gas storage group containing micro-permeable layer salt cavern - Google Patents
Method for evaluating tightness of gas storage group containing micro-permeable layer salt cavern Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a micro-permeable layer-containing salt cavern gas storage group and a sealing performance evaluation method thereof. The salt cavern gas storage group containing the micro-permeable layer comprises: a first salt cave, a second salt cave and a third salt cave; the first salt cave, the second salt cave and the third salt cave are arranged in the salt rock layer, a micro-seepage layer, a first interlayer and a second interlayer are distributed in the salt rock layer, an upper laying stratum is distributed on the upper portion of the salt rock layer, and a lower lying stratum is distributed on the lower portion of the salt rock layer. The method for evaluating the tightness of the micro-permeable layer-containing salt cavern gas storage group comprises the following steps: s1, obtaining a rock core; s2, carrying out rock mechanics experiments; s3, performing a permeability test experiment; s4, acquiring stratum structure parameters; s5, establishing a three-dimensional geomechanical model; s6, providing a safety evaluation index; s7, analyzing the evaluation result; and S8, checking the evaluation result by using the monitoring data. Compared with the prior art, the method can quantitatively evaluate the influence degree of the position, the thickness and the permeability of the micro-permeable layer on the sealing performance of the salt cavern gas storage; the method has the advantages of simple operation steps, clear parameters and strong operability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of development of oil and gas resources, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating the tightness of a gas storage bank group containing a micro-permeable layer salt cavern.
Background
Salt cavern gas storage is one of the main types of gas storage in China, has been site-selected and built in a plurality of places in China, and mainly comprises: jiangsu Jintan, Jiangsu Huaian, Henan Taishan and Hubei Xinjiang. Because the salt rock in China is mainly layered salt rock and has the disadvantages of thin salt layer, high impurity content, alternate appearance of interlayer and salt rock layer and the like, a plurality of new technical problems appear in the construction process of the salt cavern gas storage in China. For example, as shown in fig. 1, in the gas storage construction process of a certain block, a micro-permeability layer with the thickness of about 1m exists in the target stratum of the gas storage construction, so that the shaft tightness test fails. The micro-infiltration layer presents an inclined distribution, and the deepest position of the burial depth is 860m and the deepest position is 890 m. Since the thickness of the salt rock layer in the reservoir area is 160m on average, if the micro-permeable layer is completely sealed by the casing, the thickness of the target stratum which can be used for reservoir building is reduced to 130m, and the volume of the salt cavern (the first salt cavern in fig. 1) is reduced by more than 30% of the design value. If salt rock containing a micro-permeable layer is used for the construction of the reservoir, the micro-permeable layer will be present in the salt cavern (the second salt cavern and the third salt cavern in fig. 1), which may cause the failure of the tightness of the salt cavern gas reservoir. Therefore, the reasonable evaluation of the influence of the micro-permeable layer on the tightness of the salt cavern gas storage has important significance on the construction of the salt cavern gas storage in the region. At present, no method for evaluating the tightness of the gas storage containing micro-permeable layer salt caverns exists.
Based on the reasons, the method for evaluating the sealing performance of the salt cavern gas storage containing the micro-permeable layer is urgently needed to be invented, a basis is provided for scientifically and reasonably evaluating the influence of the micro-permeable layer on the sealing performance of the salt cavern gas storage, and specific measures and suggestions are provided according to evaluation results to reduce the influence of the micro-permeable layer on the sealing performance of the salt cavern gas storage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for evaluating the tightness of a salt cavern gas storage, which aims at solving the technical problem that the influence of a micro-permeable layer on the tightness of the salt cavern gas storage cannot be quantitatively evaluated.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the salt cavern gas storage group containing the micro-permeable layer comprises: a first salt cave, a second salt cave and a third salt cave; the first salt cave, the second salt cave and the third salt cave are arranged in the salt rock layer, a micro-seepage layer, a first interlayer and a second interlayer are distributed in the salt rock layer, an upper covering stratum is distributed on the upper part of the salt rock layer, and a lower lying stratum is distributed on the lower part of the salt rock layer; wherein: the micro-seepage layer, the first interlayer and the second interlayer penetrate through the second salt cavern and the third salt cavern; the first interlayer and the second interlayer pass through the first salt cavern; the top of the first salt cavern is connected with the bottom of a first shaft, and the first shaft penetrates through the salt rock layer, the micro-permeable layer and the overlying stratum to the ground; the top of the second salt cavity is connected with the bottom of a second shaft, and the second shaft penetrates through the salt rock layer and the overlying stratum to the ground; the top of the third salt cavern is connected with the bottom of a third well cylinder, and the third well cylinder penetrates through the salt rock layer and the overlying stratum to the ground; and casing shoes are arranged at the lower parts of the first shaft, the second shaft and the third shaft to assist the casing to be smoothly put into the shafts.
The method for evaluating the tightness of the micro-permeable layer-containing salt cavern gas storage group comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining a rock core
S2 rock mechanics experiment
S3, Permeability test experiment
S4, obtaining stratum structure parameters
S5, establishing a three-dimensional geomechanical model
S6, providing safety evaluation index
S7 analysis of evaluation results
And S8, checking the evaluation result by using the monitoring data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the influence degree of the position, thickness and permeability of the micro-permeable layer on the sealing performance of the salt cavern gas storage can be quantitatively evaluated; the operation steps are simple, the parameters are clear, and the operability is strong; the method can be applied to the evaluation of the sealing performance of a micro-permeable layer-containing salt cavern oil storage, a micro-permeable layer-containing salt cavern hydrogen storage and a micro-permeable layer-containing salt cavern compressed air storage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas reservoir cluster containing micro-permeable layer salt caverns;
FIG. 2 is a histogram of the structure of a salt rock formation containing a micro-permeable layer;
in the figure: 1. the method comprises the following steps of 1, an overlying stratum, 2, a first shaft, 3, a second shaft, 4, a third shaft, 5, a salt rock layer, 6, a casing shoe, 7, a micro-permeable layer, 8, a first salt hole, 9, a second salt hole, 10, a third salt hole, 11, a first interlayer, 12, a second interlayer, 13, a pillar, 14 and a lower lying stratum.
Detailed Description
For convenience of explanation, three salt caverns are drawn, and the number of the salt caverns in the actual salt cavern gas storage construction process is determined according to actual geological and ground conditions.
As shown in fig. 1, the salt cavern gas storage group containing the micro-permeable layer comprises: a first salt cavity 8, a second salt cavity 9, and a third salt cavity 10; the first salt cave 8, the second salt cave 9 and the third salt cave 10 are positioned in the salt rock layer 5, a micro-seepage layer 7, a first interlayer 11 and a second interlayer 12 are distributed in the salt rock layer 5, an upper covering stratum 1 is distributed on the upper part of the salt rock layer, and a lower lying stratum 14 is distributed on the lower part of the salt rock layer; the micro-penetration layer 7, the first interlayer 11 and the second interlayer 12 pass through the second salt cavern 9 and the third salt cavern 10; the first interlayer 11 and the second interlayer 12 pass through the first salt cavern 8; the top of the first salt cavern 8 is connected with the bottom of the first shaft 2, and the first shaft 2 passes through the salt rock layer 5, the micro-permeable layer 7 and the overburden 1 to the ground; the top of the second salt cavity 9 is connected with the bottom of the second shaft 3, and the second shaft 3 penetrates through the salt rock layer 5 and the overlying strata 1 to the ground; the top of the third salt cavern 10 is connected with the bottom of the third well barrel 4, and the third well barrel 4 passes through the salt rock layer 5 and the overlying strata 1 to the ground; and casing shoes 6 are arranged at the lower parts of the first shaft 2, the second shaft 3 and the third shaft 4 to assist the casing to be smoothly put into the shafts.
As shown in fig. 2, the histogram of the salt rock stratum containing the micro-permeable layer comprises: an overburden stratum 1, a salt rock stratum 5, a micro-permeable layer 7, a first interlayer 11, a second interlayer 12 and a lower lying stratum 14; the bottom of the overburden stratum is connected with the top of the salt rock stratum; the micro-permeable layer, the first interlayer and the second interlayer are distributed in the salt rock stratum, the relative positions of the micro-permeable layer, the first interlayer and the second interlayer are determined by the actual occurrence positions of the micro-permeable layer and the first interlayer and the second interlayer, and in the example, the micro-permeable layer is positioned on the upper portions of the first interlayer and the second interlayer; the geological histogram comprises vertical depth scales, and the respective burial depths and the corresponding thicknesses of the overburden stratum, the salt rock stratum, the micro-permeable layer, the first interlayer and the second interlayer can be obtained according to the corresponding vertical depth scale values.
The method for evaluating the tightness of the micro-permeable layer-containing salt cavern gas storage group comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining a rock core
Drilling a vertical well until an overburden stratum with the top of the salt rock layer more than 100m starts to be cored, and until a lower horizontal stratum with the bottom of the salt rock layer less than 100m starts to be cored, and sequentially obtaining the overburden stratum, the salt rock layer, a micro-permeable layer, an interlayer and a lower horizontal stratum core;
in the coring process, the core is ensured to have better integrity and higher coring success rate, and sufficient cores can be provided for later rock mechanics experiments and permeability test experiments;
s2 rock mechanics experiment
According to the requirements in the rock test regulations of hydraulic and hydro-power engineering (DLJ 204-81), processing overlying strata, salt rock strata, micro-permeable strata, interlayers and cores of lower lying strata into standard samples required by uniaxial compression experiments, triaxial compression experiments, Brazilian splitting experiments, direct shearing experiments and creep experiments; carrying out density test, uniaxial compression experiment, triaxial compression experiment, Brazilian splitting experiment, direct shearing experiment and creep experiment on the standard sample to obtain the density, uniaxial tensile strength, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, cohesion, internal friction angle and steady-state creep rate of the standard sample;
in order to reduce the influence of single experimental error on the final experimental result, at least 3 samples of density test, uniaxial compression experiment, triaxial compression experiment, Brazilian cleavage experiment, direct shearing experiment and creep experiment are successfully implemented under the same experimental condition; taking an average value of the experimental results of the standard samples of the overlying strata, the salt rock stratum, the micro-permeable stratum, the interlayer and the lower horizontal stratum under the same experimental condition to determine the engineering rock mechanical parameters of the standard samples and provide basic parameters for the establishment of a three-dimensional geomechanical model;
s3, Permeability test experiment
Carrying out gas permeability test experiments on standard samples of the overlying strata, the salt rock stratum, the micro-permeable stratum, the interlayer and the lower horizontal stratum rock core under the condition of simulating the strata to obtain respective permeability of the samples; in order to ensure the reliability of the experimental result, at least three or more overlying strata, salt rock strata, micro-permeable strata, interlayers and core standard samples of the lower lying strata are repeatedly subjected to gas permeability test experiments under the same conditions;
s4, acquisition of stratum structure parameters
Drawing a geological histogram (figure 2) of the stratum of the target reservoir building area of the salt cavern gas storage group by utilizing stratum rock distribution information obtained by drilling at least three wells in the target reservoir building area, and determining parameters of the bottom burial depth of the overlying stratum, the bottom burial depth of the micro-permeable layer, the thickness of the micro-permeable layer, the bottom burial depth of the salt rock layer, the thickness of the salt rock layer, the bottom burial depth of the interlayer and the thickness of the interlayer, and the occurrence sequence of the overlying stratum, the micro-permeable layer, the salt rock layer and the interlayer; the micro-seepage layers are continuously and stably distributed in a given reservoir building target area; according to the existing ground stress data of the reservoir building target area, defining the pressure distribution rule of the overlying strata, the three-dimensional ground stress in the salt rock stratum and the gradient distribution rule thereof, and providing an initial boundary condition for the later three-dimensional geomechanical model;
s5, establishing a three-dimensional geomechanical model
Establishing a three-dimensional geomechanical model for evaluating the influence of a micro-permeable layer on the sealing performance of a salt cavern gas storage group according to the shape and size parameters of the salt cavern gas storage, the stratum structure parameters, the rock mechanical parameters and the rock permeability parameters, and applying corresponding load to the geomechanical model according to the ground stress parameters and the working condition parameters; the three-dimensional geomechanical model comprises: an overburden stratum, a salt rock stratum, an interlayer, a micro-permeable layer, a lower lying stratum and a salt cavern; determining simulation calculation parameters in the evaluation calculation process according to the operation condition of the micro-permeable layer-containing salt cavern gas storage group; and applying corresponding boundary conditions according to the three-dimensional geomechanical calculation requirements, and ensuring the precision and the convergence of the calculation result.
S6, providing safety evaluation index
Establishing a gas permeation safety evaluation criterion and a gas permeation safety coefficient evaluation criterion for evaluating the influence of a micro-permeation layer on the sealing performance of the salt cavern gas storage; the gas permeation safety evaluation criterion is used for evaluating the influence of the seepage pore pressure in the ore pillar between adjacent salt pits on the safety of the ore pillar; the gas penetration safety coefficient evaluation criterion is used for calibrating the degree and range of natural gas penetrating through the surrounding rock of the salt cavern gas storage, and the gas penetration safety coefficient is the ratio of the minimum principal stress in the surrounding rock of the salt cavern gas storage to the pressure of the natural gas; the length of a seepage pore pressure in ore columns between adjacent salt holes, which is larger than the lowest operation pressure area of the salt hole gas storage, is not more than 50% of the width of the ore columns; the area of the region with the gas penetration safety coefficient of more than 1.1 in the surrounding rock of the salt cavern gas storage is not more than 5 percent of the vertical maximum cross-sectional area of the salt cavern;
s7 analysis of evaluation results
Analyzing the influence rule of the micro-permeable layer position, the micro-permeable layer permeability, the micro-permeable layer thickness, the ore pillar width and the gas storage operation parameters on the leakproofness of the micro-permeable layer-containing salt cavern gas storage group by utilizing the established three-dimensional geomechanical model, evaluating the leakproofness of the salt cavern gas storage group by combining the factors according to the proposed gas permeation safety evaluation criterion and the proposed gas penetration safety coefficient evaluation criterion, finding out key factors influencing the leakproofness of the salt cavern gas storage group, evaluating the effects of different handling measures, and providing suggestions and corresponding handling measures for reducing the influence of the micro-permeable layer on the leakproofness of the salt cavern gas storage group;
s8, checking the evaluation result by using the monitoring data
The method comprises the steps of obtaining the gas storage group sealing monitoring data containing the micro-permeable layer salt cavern by utilizing an on-site pressurized water sealing test, gas tracing, well site natural gas concentration monitoring, optical fiber testing gas leakage and wellhead pressure monitoring technology, checking and improving the precision and reliability of the evaluation method of the gas storage group sealing of the micro-permeable layer salt cavern, and improving the precision and reliability of the method.
Therefore, the method can quantitatively evaluate the influence rule and the influence degree of the micro-seepage layer on the sealing performance of the salt cavern gas storage group, can provide targeted treatment measures according to the evaluation result, and has the advantages of clear operation steps and clear parameter value range.
Claims (1)
1. A method for evaluating the tightness of a gas storage group containing micro-permeable layer salt caverns comprises the following steps: a first salt cave, a second salt cave and a third salt cave; the first salt cave, the second salt cave and the third salt cave are arranged in the salt rock layer, a micro-seepage layer, a first interlayer and a second interlayer are distributed in the salt rock layer, an upper covering stratum is distributed on the upper part of the salt rock layer, and a lower lying stratum is distributed on the lower part of the salt rock layer; the micro-seepage layer, the first interlayer and the second interlayer penetrate through the second salt cavern and the third salt cavern; the first interlayer and the second interlayer pass through the first salt cavern; the top of the first salt cavern is connected with the bottom of a first shaft, and the first shaft penetrates through the salt rock layer, the micro-permeable layer and the overlying stratum to the ground; the top of the second salt cavity is connected with the bottom of a second shaft, and the second shaft penetrates through the salt rock layer and the overlying stratum to the ground; the top of the third salt cavern is connected with the bottom of a third well cylinder, and the third well cylinder penetrates through the salt rock layer and the overlying stratum to the ground; casing shoes are arranged at the lower parts of the first shaft, the second shaft and the third shaft to assist the casing to be smoothly put into the shafts; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, obtaining a rock core;
s2, carrying out rock mechanics experiments;
s3, performing a permeability test experiment;
s4, acquiring stratum structure parameters;
s5, establishing a three-dimensional geomechanical model;
s6, providing a safety evaluation index;
s7, analyzing the evaluation result;
s8, checking the evaluation result by using the monitoring data;
the specific method of S1 is as follows: drilling a vertical well until an overburden stratum with the top of the salt rock layer more than 100m starts to be cored, and until a lower horizontal stratum with the bottom of the salt rock layer less than 100m starts to be cored, and sequentially obtaining the overburden stratum, the salt rock layer, a micro-permeable layer, an interlayer and a lower horizontal stratum core; in the coring process, the core is ensured to have better integrity and higher coring success rate, and sufficient cores can be provided for later rock mechanics experiments and permeability test experiments;
the specific method of S2 is as follows: according to the requirements in the rock test regulations of hydraulic and hydro-power engineering (DLJ 204-81), processing overlying strata, salt rock strata, micro-permeable strata, interlayers and cores of lower lying strata into standard samples required by uniaxial compression experiments, triaxial compression experiments, Brazilian splitting experiments, direct shearing experiments and creep experiments; carrying out density test, uniaxial compression experiment, triaxial compression experiment, Brazilian splitting experiment, direct shearing experiment and creep experiment on the standard sample to obtain the density, uniaxial tensile strength, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, cohesion, internal friction angle and steady-state creep rate of the standard sample;
the specific method of S3 is as follows: carrying out gas permeability test experiments on standard samples of the overlying strata, the salt rock stratum, the micro-permeable stratum, the interlayer and the lower horizontal stratum rock core under the condition of simulating the strata to obtain respective permeability of the samples; in order to ensure the reliability of the experimental result, at least three or more overlying strata, salt rock strata, micro-permeable strata, interlayers and core standard samples of the lower lying strata are repeatedly subjected to gas permeability test experiments under the same conditions;
the specific method of S4 is as follows: drawing a geological histogram of the stratum of the target reservoir building region of the salt cavern gas storage group by utilizing stratum rock distribution information obtained by drilling at least three wells in the target reservoir building region, and determining the parameters of the bottom burial depth of the overlying stratum, the bottom burial depth of the micro-permeable layer, the thickness of the micro-permeable layer, the bottom burial depth of the salt rock layer, the thickness of the salt rock layer, the bottom burial depth of the interlayer and the thickness of the interlayer as well as the appearance sequence of the overlying stratum, the micro-permeable layer, the salt rock layer and the interlayer; the micro-seepage layers are continuously and stably distributed in a given reservoir building target area; according to the existing ground stress data of the reservoir building target area, defining the pressure distribution rule of the overlying strata, the three-dimensional ground stress in the salt rock stratum and the gradient distribution rule thereof, and providing an initial boundary condition for the later three-dimensional geomechanical model;
the specific method of S5 is as follows: establishing a three-dimensional geomechanical model for evaluating the influence of a micro-permeable layer on the sealing performance of a salt cavern gas storage group according to the shape and size parameters of the salt cavern gas storage, the stratum structure parameters, the rock mechanical parameters and the rock permeability parameters, and applying corresponding load to the geomechanical model according to the ground stress parameters and the working condition parameters; the three-dimensional geomechanical model comprises: overburden, salt rock stratum, interlayer, micro-seepage layer, lower lying stratum and salt cavern; determining simulation calculation parameters in the evaluation calculation process according to the operation condition of the micro-permeable layer-containing salt cavern gas storage group; applying corresponding boundary conditions according to the three-dimensional geomechanical calculation requirements;
the specific method of S6 is as follows: establishing a gas permeation safety evaluation criterion and a gas permeation safety coefficient evaluation criterion for evaluating the influence of the micro-permeation layer on the sealing performance of the salt cavern gas storage; the gas permeation safety evaluation criterion is used for evaluating the influence of the seepage pore pressure in the ore pillar between adjacent salt pits on the safety of the ore pillar; the gas penetration safety coefficient evaluation criterion is used for calibrating the degree and range of natural gas penetrating through the surrounding rock of the salt cavern gas storage, and the gas penetration safety coefficient is the ratio of the minimum principal stress in the surrounding rock of the salt cavern gas storage to the pressure of the natural gas; the length of a seepage pore pressure in ore columns between adjacent salt holes, which is larger than the lowest operation pressure area of the salt hole gas storage, is not more than 50% of the width of the ore columns; the area of the region with the gas penetration safety coefficient of more than 1.1 in the surrounding rock of the salt cavern gas storage is not more than 5 percent of the vertical maximum cross-sectional area of the salt cavern;
the specific method of S7 is as follows: analyzing the influence rule of the micro-permeable layer position, the micro-permeable layer permeability, the micro-permeable layer thickness, the ore pillar width and the gas storage operation parameters on the leakproofness of the micro-permeable layer-containing salt cavern gas storage group by utilizing the established three-dimensional geomechanical model, evaluating the leakproofness of the salt cavern gas storage group by combining the proposed gas permeation safety evaluation criterion and the proposed gas penetration safety coefficient evaluation criterion, finding out key factors influencing the leakproofness of the salt cavern gas storage group, evaluating the effects of different handling measures, and providing suggestions and corresponding handling measures for reducing the influence of the micro-permeable layer on the leakproofness of the salt cavern gas storage group;
the specific method of S8 is as follows: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the gas storage group sealing monitoring data containing the micro-permeable layer salt cavern by utilizing an on-site pressurized water sealing test, gas tracing, well site natural gas concentration monitoring, optical fiber testing gas leakage and wellhead pressure monitoring technology, and checking and improving the precision and reliability of the evaluation method of the gas storage group sealing containing the micro-permeable layer salt cavern.
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| CN112763140B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-08-27 | 重庆科技学院 | Dynamic sealing performance evaluation method for oil reservoir type gas storage cover layer |
| CN113514204B (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2023-12-08 | 常州大学 | Sealing performance test device for crack-containing cover layer of exhausted oil reservoir type gas storage |
| CN113568065A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-10-29 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Physical simulation method, device and medium for sealing performance of salt rock layer after structural deformation |
| CN116484761B (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-12-26 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Salt cavern hydrogen storage tightness prediction and evaluation method and related equipment |
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