CN110515402B - Transformer operation and detection system and method based on ubiquitous power Internet of things - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a transformer operation and detection system and method based on ubiquitous power Internet of things, and the system comprises a transformer shell, a cooling chamber connected with an oil pipe of the transformer shell, a cooling chamber connected with an air pipe of the cooling chamber, a controller, a flow control device, a temperature sensing device, a sensor group, a remote terminal and an alarm device, wherein the controller comprises a microprocessor, a data storage module, a communication module, a GPS positioning module and a power supply, the sensor group, the flow control device, the temperature sensing device, the alarm device, the data storage module, the communication module, the GPS positioning module and the power supply are respectively and electrically connected with the microprocessor, and the remote terminal is in communication connection with the microprocessor through the communication module. This scheme is to each performance index real time monitoring of transformer, and the temperature of intelligent regulation transformer oil guarantees the transformer safety and stability operation, reports to the police to transformer trouble simultaneously, and the remote management personnel of being convenient for formulate the maintenance strategy according to alarm information, improves maintenance efficiency.

Description

Transformer operation and detection system and method based on ubiquitous power Internet of things

Technical Field

The invention relates to a transformer substation equipment safe operation monitoring technology, in particular to a transformer operation and inspection system and method based on ubiquitous power Internet of things.

Background

The transformer substation is a place for converting voltage and current, receiving electric energy and distributing electric energy in an electric power system, and mainly comprises primary equipment and secondary equipment, wherein the primary equipment mainly comprises a transformer, a high-voltage circuit breaker, a disconnecting switch, a bus, a lightning arrester, a capacitor and a reactor, the secondary equipment mainly comprises a relay protection device, an automatic device, a measurement and control device and a metering device, and the transformer substation is mostly outdoors, is distributed dispersedly according to the power consumption demand, and needs to send maintenance personnel to the site for maintenance at regular intervals in order to ensure the safe reliability of electric power operation, and the transformer substation has poor maintenance mobility due to frequent fault occurrence caused by various factors, and does not have a platform or a system for integrating automatic detection, fault alarm and fault self-relief to solve the operation problem of the transformer substation.

The performance of the transformer determines whether the transformer substation can safely and stably operate, the temperature of oil around a transformer coil is rapidly increased due to copper consumption and iron consumption generated during the operation of the transformer, and if rapid and effective cooling measures are not taken, an internal circuit is short-circuited, so that power lines are interrupted and damaged, and economic loss is caused.

The transformer oil is filled in a cavity of a transformer, the transformer oil is a fractional distillation product of petroleum, and the main components of the transformer oil are compounds such as alkane, naphthenic saturated hydrocarbon, aromatic unsaturated hydrocarbon and the like, and the compounds are injected into a metal shell of the transformer to play roles of heat dissipation, insulation and arc extinction.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of transformer fault early warning and fault elimination difficulty of a transformer room, and provides a transformer operation and inspection system and a transformer operation and inspection method based on a ubiquitous power internet of things.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides a transformer operation and detection system based on the ubiquitous power internet of things, which comprises a transformer shell, a cooling chamber connected with an oil pipe of the transformer shell, a cooling chamber connected with an air pipe of the cooling chamber, a controller, a flow control device, a temperature sensing device, a sensor group, a remote terminal and an alarm device, wherein the controller comprises a microprocessor, a data storage module, a communication module, a GPS positioning module and a power supply, the sensor group, the flow control device, the temperature sensing device, the alarm device, the data storage module, the communication module, the GPS positioning module and the power supply are respectively and electrically connected with the microprocessor, and the remote terminal is in communication connection with the microprocessor through the communication module. In the scheme, the sensor group respectively measures the noise, vibration, current and voltage value generated by the operation of the transformer in real time, the sensor group is used as an important index for transformer fault early warning, the temperature of the transformer oil is increased according to the operation of the transformer, the control is implemented on the temperature of the transformer oil, the temperature of the transformer oil is guaranteed to be controlled within a safe range, the safe operation efficiency of the transformer is improved, if a fault occurs, fault information and position information can be sent to a remote terminal through a communication module, the remote terminal calls historical data, maintenance strategies can be formulated according to the fault information, and the maintenance efficiency is greatly improved.

Temperature sensing device include oil gas cylinder, first rack, second rack, gear potentiometer and mount, the gear is installed on the mount, the side of mount is provided with the slide, the side of second rack is provided with the pulley, the second rack passes through the pulley and prolongs the slide direction removal, oil gas cylinder and oil pipe sliding connection, oil gas cylinder comprise first piston head, second piston head and intermediate part, the intermediate part cup joints at oil pipe port department, first piston head sliding connection is in the oil pipe inner wall, the first rack of lower extreme fixedly connected with of second piston head, first rack and gear engagement, the interior axle and the gear potentiometer meshing of gear, the signal output part of gear potentiometer is connected with microprocessor's sense terminal electricity. In this scheme, the transformer operation leads to the transformer oil temperature to rise, according to transformer oil's physical characteristic, the transformer volume is linear change along with the oil temperature, through the external oil pipe of transformer, the oil pipe tip is provided with the oil gas jar, transformer oil volume inflation promotes the oil gas jar, the oil gas jar drives first rack up-and-down motion, rack motion drives the gear rotation, gear rotation drives the gear potentiometer and rotates, microprocessor detects gear potentiometer signal, can learn the oil temperature this moment, the too big problem of error that the adoption platinum resistance test oil temperature brought has been avoided.

The flow control device comprises a throttling valve in sealing connection with the cold air pipeline and an oil pressure pump in tight connection with the oil pipe, the oil pressure pump is electrically connected with the microprocessor, and the throttling valve is in transmission connection with the second rack. In this scheme, the cooling strategy of adoption is the combination of two kinds of cooling modes, and the first kind mode is the flow through the intraductal air conditioning of control air conditioning and reaches the purpose of cooling, and the second kind is the speed of control transformer at the indoor circulation of cooling, reaches rapid cooling's purpose, and this scheme combines two kinds of cooling modes, and the better protrusion of cooling effect that is can rapid cooling, avoids transformer trouble.

The choke valve include cavity, tip, third rack and flow controller, cavity and tip fixed connection, flow controller fixed mounting is in the cavity, tip and cavity junction are provided with the opening that is used for the third rack to reciprocate, and the opening part is provided with the sealing member, be provided with the oil storage chamber in the sealing member, the oil storage intracavity packing has sealing oil, the upper end of third rack can be dismantled with the lower extreme of second rack and be connected, the lower extreme and the flow controller transmission of third rack are connected. In this scheme, the third rack is connected with the flow controller transmission, can control the opening size of flow controller, and then the flow of control air conditioning reaches the purpose of control cooling effect, and the air conditioning in the choke valve is avoided to the sealed oil of oil storage intracavity intussuseption reveals to all have the lubrication action to the third rack, guarantee the smoothness nature that reciprocates.

The throttler include first portion and the second portion that opens and shuts, first portion that opens and shuts includes first follow driving wheel, first hinge and first support, first follow driving wheel rotates the upper end of installing at first support, the tail end and the cavity inner wall fixed connection of first hinge, the second portion that opens and shuts includes that the second follows driving wheel, second hinge and second support, the second is followed the driving wheel and is rotated the upper end of installing at the second support, the tail end and the cavity inner wall fixed connection of second hinge. In this scheme, because the both ends face of third rack all is provided with the arch that is used for the meshing, so the third rack can drive first from driving wheel and second from the driving wheel rotation, and first from driving wheel and second from the driving wheel rotation, can control the switching of first hinge and second hinge, realizes the throttle.

A channel is formed between the first support and the second support, and sealing oil is filled in the channel. In this scheme, the channel intussuseption is filled with sealed oil, has sealed and lubricated effect.

The transformer shell side wall is provided with a support piece, and the middle part of the oil gas cylinder is fixed with the support piece through a hoop. In this scheme, because the intermediate part cup joints with the oil pipe port, if insecure can lead to oil gas cylinder action unbalance, worse result leads to transformer oil to reveal, consequently sets up support piece at transformer housing's lateral wall, and the intermediate part passes through the staple bolt with support piece and fixes, has reliable and stable's advantage.

The sensor group including be used for gathering transformer operation noise sensor, be used for detecting the vibrations of transformer operation vibrations vibration sensor, current sensor and voltage sensor's input is connected with the transformer output electricity through mutual inductance equipment respectively, current sensor, voltage sensor, noise sensor and vibration sensor are connected with microprocessor electricity respectively. In the scheme, the sensor group respectively measures the noise, vibration, current and voltage values generated by the operation of the transformer in real time, the noise, vibration, current and voltage values are used as important indexes for transformer fault early warning, the change among all indexes of the operation of the transformer is detected through the control of the oil temperature of the transformer, and the operation condition and the fault alarm point of the transformer can be accurately predicted and judged.

The microprocessor is a stm32f103 type single chip microcomputer with an analog-to-digital conversion function integrated inside; the gear potentiometer is a gear potentiometer of GP43 model. In the scheme, the stm32f103 single chip microcomputer can have high stability under outdoor severe conditions; the GP43 gear potentiometer has large adjustable range and high sensitivity.

A transformer operation and inspection system method based on a ubiquitous power Internet of things comprises the following steps:

s1, setting an initial state of the equipment; the transformer, the cold air chamber and the oil pressure pump stop running, the throttle valve is closed, and the gear potentiometer is at zero potential;

s2, starting operation of the equipment; the transformer operates, the oil temperature rises, the volume of the transformer oil expands, the oil-gas cylinder acts, and the gear potentiometer rotates;

s3, operating the flow control device; the controller receives a gear potentiometer signal, matches the gear potentiometer signal with a preset voltage range through data conversion and processing calculation, determines a cooling grade, and executes a corresponding control action;

s4, judging faults; when the system is executed for more than 30 minutes at the highest cooling grade, the alarm device sounds;

s5, fault processing; the controller sends the information collected by the sensor group and the position information collected by the GPS to the remote terminal through the communication module, the information is analyzed and processed by the remote terminal expert system to generate a fault report, and the fault report contains the geographical position information of a fault point and fault processing measures and informs a maintainer of going to maintain;

s6, removing faults; the maintainer arrives the scene, overhauls, examines through cell-phone APP and examines the maintenance report, and the concrete reason of record accident examines the trouble and overhauls the report, as historical data backup, uploads the high in the clouds realization and remote terminal data synchronization.

The cooling grade can be divided into three cooling grades:

a first grade: rotating the gear potentiometer by 0-60 degrees, and outputting the first power of the oil pressure pump;

a second stage: rotating the gear potentiometer for 61-120 degrees, and outputting second power by the oil pressure pump;

third level: rotating the gear potentiometer for 121-180 degrees, and outputting third power by the oil pressure pump;

and the output power values of the first power, the second power and the third power are sequentially increased.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the technical scheme, the piston is driven by the volume expansion of the transformer oil caused by the temperature rise of the transformer oil, the piston is linked with the throttling device, and the throttling device controls the opening and closing degree of the throttling device, so that the flow of cold air is controlled, and the transformer oil in the cooling chamber is automatically cooled;

2. the piston is linked with the gear potentiometer, the microprocessor receives a potential signal of the gear potentiometer and controls the operation of the oil pressure pump in real time, the oil circulation rate can be improved, and the transformer oil cooling efficiency is further improved;

3. the transformer performance monitoring system has the advantages that the real-time measurement data of the sensor group is provided, the performance of the transformer is analyzed, faults are found, an alarm is given in time, a remote terminal manager formulates a maintenance strategy according to fault information, and maintenance efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a transformer operation inspection system based on a ubiquitous power internet of things.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transformer operation inspection system based on a ubiquitous power internet of things.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature sensing device.

FIG. 4 is a first state diagram of a throttle valve.

FIG. 5 is a second state diagram of a throttle valve.

Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method of a transformer operation inspection system based on a ubiquitous power internet of things.

The notation in the figure is: 1-transformer shell, 2-cooling chamber, 3-cold air chamber, 4-controller, 5-flow control device, 6-temperature sensing device, 7-sensor group, 8-remote terminal, 9-alarm device, 41-microprocessor, 42-data storage module, 43-communication module, 44-GPS positioning module, 45-power supply, 51-throttle valve, 52-oil pressure pump, 61-oil gas cylinder, 62-first rack, 63-second rack, 64-gear, 65-gear potentiometer, 66-fixing frame, 71-current sensor, 72-voltage sensor, 73-noise sensor, 74-vibration sensor, 511-cavity, 512-end, 513-third rack, vibration sensor, and the like, 514-oil chamber, 515-first driven wheel, 516-first hinge, 517-first support, 518-second driven wheel, 519-second hinge, 520-second support, 521-channel, 522-seal, 611-first piston head, 612-second piston head, 613-middle part.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of better understanding the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples should be understood that the specific embodiment described herein is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is only used for explaining the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

An embodiment is shown in fig. 1, which is a block diagram of a transformer operation detection system based on a ubiquitous power internet of things, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transformer operation detection system based on a ubiquitous power internet of things, the transformer operation detection system based on a ubiquitous power internet of things is composed of a transformer housing 1, a cooling chamber 2 connected with an oil pipe of the transformer housing 1, a cooling chamber 3 connected with an air pipe of the cooling chamber 2, a controller 4, a flow control device 5, a temperature sensing device 6, a sensor group 7, a remote terminal 8 and an alarm device 9, the controller 4 is composed of a microprocessor 41, a data storage module 42, a communication module 43, a GPS positioning module 44 and a power supply 45, the microprocessor 41 is a stm32f103 type single chip microcomputer with an analog-to-digital conversion function integrated therein, the stm32f103 type single chip microcomputer can have high stability under outdoor severe conditions, and the flow control device 5, The temperature sensing device 6, the alarm device 9, the data storage module 42, the communication module 43, the GPS positioning module 44 and the power supply 45 are respectively and electrically connected with the microprocessor 41, the remote terminal 8 is in communication connection with the microprocessor 41 through the communication module 43, the sensor group 7 is composed of a noise sensor 73 for collecting transformer operation ringing, a vibration sensor 74 for detecting transformer operation vibration, a current sensor 71 and a voltage sensor 72 group 7, input ends of the current sensor 71 and the voltage sensor 72 are respectively and electrically connected with an output end of the transformer through mutual inductance equipment, and the current sensor 71, the voltage sensor 72, the noise sensor 73 and the vibration sensor 74 are respectively and electrically connected with the microprocessor 41. In the embodiment, the sensor group 7 measures noise, vibration, current and voltage values generated by operation of the transformer respectively in real time, the noise, vibration, current and voltage values serve as important indexes of transformer fault early warning, changes among all indexes of transformer operation are detected through control over the temperature of the transformer oil, the operation condition of the transformer and a fault alarm point can be accurately predicted and judged, the temperature of the transformer oil is controlled within a safe range, the safe operation efficiency of the transformer is improved, if a fault occurs, fault information and position information can be sent to the remote terminal 8 through the communication module, the remote terminal 8 calls historical data, maintenance strategies can be formulated according to the fault information, and the maintenance efficiency is greatly improved.

As shown in fig. 3, the temperature sensing device is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature sensing device, the temperature sensing device 6 is composed of an oil cylinder 61, a first rack 62, a second rack 63, a gear 64, a gear potentiometer 65 and a fixing frame 66, the gear 64 is mounted on the fixing frame, a slide way is arranged on the side surface of the fixing frame 66, a pulley is arranged on the side surface of the second rack 63, the second rack 63 moves along the slide way through the pulley, the oil cylinder 61 is slidably connected with an oil pipe, the oil cylinder 61 includes a first piston head 611, a second piston head 612 and an intermediate part 613, the intermediate part 613 is sleeved at an oil pipe port, as the intermediate part 613 is sleeved with the oil pipe port, if not firm, the oil cylinder 61 loses balance in action, and worse result, transformer oil leakage is caused, therefore, a support (not shown) is arranged on a side wall of a transformer housing, the intermediate part 613 is fixed with the support, the first piston head 611 is connected to the inner wall of the oil pipe in a sliding mode, the lower end of the second piston head 612 is fixedly connected with the first rack 62, the first rack 62 is meshed with the gear 64, the inner shaft of the gear 64 is meshed with the gear potentiometer 65, and the signal output end of the gear potentiometer 65 is electrically connected with the detection end of the microprocessor 41. In this embodiment, the gear potentiometer 65 is a gear potentiometer 65 of GP43 model, and has the advantages of large adjustable range and high sensitivity.

The transformer operation leads to the transformer oil temperature to rise, according to the physical characteristics of transformer oil, the transformer volume is linear change along with the oil temperature, through the external oil pipe of transformer, oil pipe tip 52 is provided with oil gas cylinder 61, the expansion of transformer oil volume promotes oil gas cylinder 61, oil gas cylinder 61 drives first rack 62 up-and-down motion, rack motion drives gear 64 and rotates, gear 64 rotates and drives gear potentiometer 65 and rotates, microprocessor 41 detects gear potentiometer 65 signal, can learn the oil temperature this moment, the too big problem of error that has avoided adopting platinum resistance test oil temperature to bring.

The flow control device 5 comprises a throttle valve 51 connected with a cold air pipeline in a sealing way and an oil pressure pump 52 closely connected with an oil pipe, the oil pressure pump 52 is electrically connected with the microprocessor 41, and the throttle valve 51 is in transmission connection with a second rack 63. In this embodiment, the cooling strategy of adoption is the combination of two kinds of cooling modes, and the first kind of mode reaches the purpose of cooling through the flow of the intraductal air conditioning of control air conditioning, and the second kind is the speed of control transformer at cooling chamber 2 inner loop, reaches rapid cooling's purpose, and this scheme combines two kinds of cooling modes, and the better protrusion of cooling effect that is can rapid cooling, avoids transformer trouble.

As shown in fig. 6, the method is a flowchart of a transformer operation and inspection system based on a ubiquitous power internet of things, and specifically includes the following steps:

s1, setting an initial state of the equipment; the transformer, the cold air chamber 3 and the oil pressure pump 52 stop running, the throttle valve 51 is closed, and the gear potentiometer 65 has zero potential;

s2, starting operation of the equipment; the transformer operates, the oil temperature rises, the volume of the transformer oil expands, the oil gas cylinder 61 acts, and the gear potentiometer 65 rotates;

s3, operating the flow control device 5; the controller 4 receives the gear potentiometer 65 signal, matches the signal with a preset voltage range through data conversion and processing calculation, determines the cooling grade and executes corresponding control action;

s4, judging faults; when the system is executed for more than 30 minutes at the highest cooling grade, the alarm device 9 sounds;

s5, fault processing; the controller 4 sends the information collected by the sensor group and the position information collected by the GPS positioning module to the remote terminal 8 through the communication module 43, and the information and the position information are analyzed and processed by an expert system of the remote terminal 8 to generate a fault report, wherein the fault report comprises the geographical position information of a fault point and fault processing measures and informs a maintainer of going to maintain;

s6, removing faults; the maintainer arrives the scene, overhauls, examines through cell-phone APP and examines the maintenance report, and the concrete reason of record accident examines the trouble and overhauls the report, as historical data backup, uploads the high in the clouds realization and remote terminal 8 data synchronization.

The cooling grade can be divided into three cooling grades:

a first grade: the gear potentiometer 65 rotates for 0-60 degrees, and the oil pressure pump 52 outputs the first power;

a second stage: the gear potentiometer 65 rotates for 61-120 degrees, and the oil pressure pump 52 outputs a second power;

third level: the gear potentiometer 65 rotates for 121-180 degrees, and the oil pressure pump 52 outputs third power;

and the output power values of the first power, the second power and the third power are sequentially increased.

In this embodiment, the gear potentiometer 65 rotates within an angle range of 0 to 180 degrees, and the rotation angle is divided into three levels, namely: a first grade: the rotation angle is 0-60 degrees; a second stage: 61-120; third level: 121-180 degrees; the power output level corresponding to the oil pressure pump 52 is divided into three levels, which correspond to the rotation angle levels of the gear potentiometer 65; the throttle valve 51 is linked with the piston, so that the throttle in the throttle valve 51 is dynamically changed, when the oil temperature is high, the opening degree of the throttle valve 51 is larger, the flow speed in the cold air pipe is larger, and the cooling effect in the cooling chamber 2 is more obvious.

When the gear potentiometer 65 rotates to a range of 0-60 degrees, the microprocessor 41 controls the oil pressure pump 52 to operate at a first power output level.

When the gear potentiometer 65 rotates to the range of 61-120 degrees, the microprocessor 41 controls the oil pressure pump 52 to operate at a second power output level.

When the gear potentiometer 65 rotates to a range of 121-180 degrees, the microprocessor 41 controls the oil pressure pump 52 to operate at a third power output level.

When the gear potentiometer 65 rotates within the range of more than 180 degrees and is maintained at the angle (for example, the maximum angle is maintained for more than 30 minutes) for a long time, the opening degree of the throttle valve 51 is maximum, the flow of cold air is maximum, and the oil pressure pump 52 does not have temperature reduction when operating at the maximum power level, so that the data collected by the sensor group 7 can be analyzed, the operation condition of the transformer is analyzed, and then corresponding measures are taken to achieve early warning.

As shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of a first state structure of a throttle valve, a throttle valve 51 comprises a cavity 511, an end 52, a third rack 513 and a throttle valve, the cavity 511 and the end 52 are fixedly connected, the throttle valve is fixedly installed in the cavity 511, an opening for the up-and-down movement of the third rack 513 is arranged at the joint of the end 52 and the cavity 511, a sealing member 522 is arranged at the opening, an oil storage chamber 514 is arranged in the sealing member 522, sealing oil is filled in the oil storage chamber 514, the sealing oil filled in the oil storage chamber 514 prevents cold air in the throttle valve 51 from leaking, and has a lubricating effect on the third rack 513 to ensure the up-and-down movement fluency of the third rack 513, the upper end of the third rack 513 is detachably connected with the lower end of the second rack 63, the lower end of the third rack 513 is in transmission connection with the throttle valve, the throttle valve comprises a first opening and closing, The second driven wheel 518 is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the second bracket 520, the tail end of the second hinge 519 is fixedly connected with one protrusion of the second driven wheel 518, the second hinge 519 and the second bracket 520, the second driven wheel 518 is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the second bracket 520, the tail end of the second hinge 519 is fixedly connected with one protrusion of the second driven wheel 518, the top end of the second hinge 519 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the cavity 511, the top end of one end face of the second hinge 519 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the cavity 511, a channel 521 is formed between the first bracket 517 and the second bracket 520, sealing oil is filled in the channel 521, and the sealing and lubricating effects are achieved; when the transformer is not operated, the third rack 513 is located at the lowest end of the chamber 511, the first hinge and the second hinge are completely unfolded, and the flow of cold air in the cold air pipe is minimum.

As shown in fig. 5, which is a structural diagram of a second state of the throttle valve, when the transformer operates, which causes the temperature of oil in the transformer to rise, the oil cylinder 61 pushes the first rack 62 to move downward, the first rack 62 pushes the gear 64 to rotate, the gear 64 rotates to drive the third rack 513 to move upward, because both end surfaces of the third rack 513 are provided with protrusions for engagement, the third rack 513 can drive the first driven wheel 515 and the second driven wheel 518 to rotate, the first driven wheel 515 and the second driven wheel 518 rotate, which can control the gradual closing of the first hinge 516 and the second hinge 519, when the gear 64 rotates 180 degrees, the third rack 513 moves upward at the highest position, the first hinge 516 and the second hinge 519 are completely closed, at this time, the flow of cold air is maximum, and the cooling effect in the cooling chamber 2 is obvious.

The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred embodiments of the transformer operation inspection system and method based on the internet of things of ubiquitous power, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and all equivalent changes in shape and structure according to the present invention are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (14)

1. The utility model provides a transformer fortune detects system based on ubiquitous electric power thing networking, includes the cooling room that passes through oil pipe connection with the transformer housing and passes through the air pipe with the cooling room and be connected, its characterized in that: the controller comprises a microprocessor, a data storage module, a communication module, a GPS positioning module and a power supply, the flow control device is installed on an oil pipe and an air pipe, the temperature sensing device is installed on the side wall of the transformer, the sensor group, the flow control device, the temperature sensing device, the alarm device, the data storage module, the communication module, the GPS positioning module and the power supply are respectively and electrically connected with the microprocessor, and the remote terminal is in communication connection with the microprocessor through the communication module;

temperature sensing device includes oil gas cylinder, first rack, second rack, gear potentiometer and mount, gear potentiometer and second rack are installed on the mount, the inner circle and the transfer line meshing of gear, transfer line and gear potentiometer meshing, oil gas cylinder fixed mounting is on oil pipe, oil gas cylinder's lower extreme and first rack fixed connection, first rack and gear engagement, gear and second rack meshing.

2. The transformer operation and inspection system based on the ubiquitous power internet of things according to claim 1, wherein: the effective length of the first rack is half of the maximum circumference of the gear.

3. The transformer operation and inspection system based on the ubiquitous power internet of things according to claim 1, wherein: the power input end of the gear potentiometer is electrically connected with the power output end of the microprocessor, and the signal output end of the gear potentiometer is electrically connected with the signal input end of the microprocessor.

4. The transformer operation and inspection system based on the ubiquitous power internet of things according to claim 1, wherein: a side face of the second rack is provided with a convex block meshed with the gear, the other side face of the second rack is provided with a pulley, a side face of the fixing frame is provided with a sliding rail matched with the pulley, and the second rack is connected with the fixing frame in a sliding mode.

5. The transformer operation and inspection system based on the ubiquitous power internet of things according to claim 1, wherein: the oil gas jar is including first piston head, second piston head and intermediate part, the intermediate part cup joints at oil pipe port department, first piston head sliding connection is in the oil pipe inner wall, the first rack of lower extreme fixedly connected with of second piston head.

6. The transformer operation and inspection system based on the ubiquitous power internet of things according to claim 5, wherein: the transformer shell side wall is provided with a support piece, and the middle part of the oil gas cylinder is fixed with the support piece through a hoop.

7. The transformer operation and inspection system based on the ubiquitous power internet of things according to claim 1, wherein: the flow control device comprises a throttle valve in sealing connection with the air pipe and an oil pressure pump in tight connection with the oil pipe, the control end of the oil pressure pump is electrically connected with the microprocessor, and the throttle valve is in transmission connection with the second rack.

8. The transformer operation and inspection system based on the ubiquitous power internet of things according to claim 7, wherein: the choke valve includes cavity, tip, third rack and throttle, cavity and tip fixed connection, throttle fixed mounting is in the cavity, tip and cavity junction are provided with the opening that is used for the third rack to reciprocate, the upper end of third rack is provided with the external screw thread, the lower extreme of second rack is provided with the internal thread, third rack and second rack threaded connection, the lower extreme through opening and the throttle transmission of third rack are connected.

9. The transformer operation and inspection system based on the ubiquitous power internet of things according to claim 8, wherein: the throttler include first portion and the second portion that opens and shuts, first portion that opens and shuts includes first follow driving wheel, first hinge and first support, first follow driving wheel rotates the upper end of installing at first support, the tail end and the cavity inner wall fixed connection of first hinge, the second portion that opens and shuts includes that the second follows driving wheel, second hinge and second support, the second is followed the driving wheel and is rotated the upper end of installing at the second support, the tail end and the cavity inner wall fixed connection of second hinge.

10. The transformer operation and inspection system based on the ubiquitous power internet of things according to claim 9, wherein: a channel is formed between the first support and the second support, and sealing oil is filled in the channel.

11. The transformer operation and inspection system based on the ubiquitous power internet of things according to claim 1, wherein: the sensor group including be used for gathering transformer operation noise sensor, be used for detecting the vibrations of transformer operation vibrations vibration sensor, current sensor and voltage sensor's input is connected with the transformer output electricity through mutual inductance equipment respectively, current sensor, voltage sensor, noise sensor and vibration sensor are connected with microprocessor electricity respectively.

12. The transformer operation and inspection system based on the ubiquitous power internet of things according to claim 1, wherein: the microprocessor is a stm32f103 type single chip microcomputer with an analog-to-digital conversion function integrated inside; the gear potentiometer is a gear potentiometer of GP43 model.

13. The transformer operation and inspection method based on the ubiquitous power internet of things is suitable for the transformer operation and inspection system based on the ubiquitous power internet of things, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, setting an initial state of the equipment; the transformer, the cold air chamber and the oil pressure pump stop running, the throttle valve is closed, and the gear potentiometer is at zero potential;

s2, starting operation of the equipment; the transformer operates, the oil temperature rises, the volume of the transformer oil expands, the oil-gas cylinder acts, and the gear potentiometer rotates;

s3, operating the flow control device; the controller receives a gear potentiometer signal, matches the gear potentiometer signal with a preset voltage range through data conversion and processing calculation, determines a cooling grade, and executes a corresponding control action;

s4, judging faults; when the system is executed for more than 30 minutes at the highest cooling grade, the alarm device sounds;

s5, fault processing; the controller sends the information collected by the sensor group and the position information collected by the GPS positioning module to a remote terminal through a communication module, and the information and the position information are analyzed and processed by a remote terminal expert system to generate a fault report, wherein the fault report comprises fault point geographical position information and fault processing measures and informs a maintainer of going to maintain;

s6, removing faults; the maintainer arrives the scene, overhauls, examines through cell-phone APP and examines the maintenance report, and the concrete reason of record accident examines the trouble and overhauls the report, as historical data backup, uploads the high in the clouds realization and remote terminal data synchronization.

14. The transformer operation and detection method based on the ubiquitous power internet of things according to claim 13, wherein: the cooling grade can be divided into three cooling grades:

a first grade: rotating the gear potentiometer by 0-60 degrees, and outputting the first power of the oil pressure pump;

a second stage: rotating the gear potentiometer for 61-120 degrees, and outputting second power by the oil pressure pump;

third level: rotating the gear potentiometer for 121-180 degrees, and outputting third power by the oil pressure pump;

and the output power values of the first power, the second power and the third power are sequentially increased.

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