CN110515154A - Optical-switch control method and photoswitch based on photonic crystal field mode of resonance - Google Patents
Optical-switch control method and photoswitch based on photonic crystal field mode of resonance Download PDFInfo
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- CN110515154A CN110515154A CN201910766475.4A CN201910766475A CN110515154A CN 110515154 A CN110515154 A CN 110515154A CN 201910766475 A CN201910766475 A CN 201910766475A CN 110515154 A CN110515154 A CN 110515154A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/1225—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths comprising photonic band-gap structures or photonic lattices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12133—Functions
- G02B2006/12145—Switch
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- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of optical-switch control method and Guan Kaiguan of the field mode of resonance based on photonic crystal resonant body, this method is to impinge perpendicularly on two beam incident lights on the photonic crystal resonant body with linear dispersion characteristic along same optical axis direction simultaneously, first incident light is fixed incident light, Article 2 incident light is the adjustable incident light of dynamic phasing, after being reflected resonance superposition in field occurs in photonic crystal resonant body for two beam incident lights, and symmetrical radiation laser beam is generated in the direction of vertical incidence optical axis, by the phase for adjusting the second beam incident light, controlling the phase difference between two beam incident lights is 0 or π, realize the switch state of the symmetric radiation light beam of photonic crystal resonant body.The photoswitch includes laser, lens, beam splitter prism and photonic crystal resonant body, and the beam splitting direction of beam splitter prism is provided with reflecting mirror, and photonic crystal resonant body is vertically installed on the optical axis of two beam incident lights after closing beam.Operation wavelength of the present invention may be selected, integrated level is high, integrate photoswitch and beam splitter function.
Description
Technical field
The photoswitch for the field mode of resonance control based on photonic crystal resonant body that the present invention relates to a kind of, belongs to photoswitch skill
Art field.
Background technique
With the development of optic communication and optical information technology, optical device is to miniaturization and integrated direction development.Light
The basic unit as data transmission and information exchange is switched, is had to optic communication and optical information technology to integrated direction development
Highly important meaning.
The major function of photoswitch is to realize that the parameters such as the presence or absence of optical signal or power, phase exist in the case where controllable
Being switched fast between two states.The problems such as traditional photoswitch is conducted there are oversized and monochromatic light road, will obtain multi-beam
Need to add corresponding beam splitting device, it is difficult to which light shutter device is integrated into integrated optical circuit.
Metal intrinsic loss hinders it and is widely applied in common micro-nano photoswitch, it would be highly desirable to design it is a kind of it is small in size,
Multifunctional light switching device small, at low cost and high integrated level is lost.
Summary of the invention
To solve existing photoswitch, it is humorous that the present invention provides a kind of field based on photonic crystal resonant body
The optical-switch control method of vibration mode, and realize the photoswitch of this method, the optical switch construction is simple, operation wavelength is optional
It selects, integrated level is high, integrates photoswitch and beam splitter function.
Optical-switch control method based on photonic crystal field mode of resonance of the invention is:
It is humorous that two beam incident lights are impinged perpendicularly on into the photonic crystal with linear dispersion characteristic along same optical axis direction simultaneously
In vibration body, the first beam incident light is fixed incident light, and the second beam incident light is the adjustable incident light of dynamic phasing, and two beam incident lights exist
Excite violent field resonance in photonic crystal resonant body, the superposition of field resonance occurs, and (namely relevant, interference mutually rises or interferes phase
Disappear), and symmetrical radiation laser beam is generated in the direction of vertical incidence optical axis, by adjusting the phase of the second beam incident light, control
Phase difference between two beam incident lights is 0 or π, realizes the switch state of the symmetric radiation light beam of photonic crystal resonant body.
The two beams incident light is coherent beam, can be generated by same incident light beam splitting.
The photoswitch for realizing the above method, using following technical scheme:
The photoswitch is two-way symmetric radiation photoswitch, integrates photoswitch and beam splitter function；Including laser,
Lens, beam splitter prism, reflecting mirror and photonic crystal resonant body, laser, lens and beam splitter prism be located on same axis and according to
Secondary setting, the beam splitting direction of beam splitter prism are provided with the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror, and rectangle photon syntony crystalloid is vertical
It is set on the optical axis of two beam incident lights after closing beam；
Laser, for emitting light beam；
The taper divergent beams of the radiation of laser transmitting are converged as collimated light beam, are just projecting beam splitting rib by lens
On mirror；
The incident beam that laser emits is divided into and is mutually perpendicular to identical two incident lights by beam splitter prism；
First reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror, for being emitted back towards two roads beam beam splitting Guang Anyuan are positive and negative in beam splitter prism, along same
One optical axis direction impinges perpendicularly in photonic crystal resonant body, and the first reflecting mirror is fixed, and the second reflecting mirror is used for two beam incident lights
Optical path difference 0 is to the conversion (being realized by being displaced or changing extraneous transmission conditions) between π between signal；
Photonic crystal resonant body, by with the photonic crystal matrix of linear dispersion characteristic and the back reflection of normally incident direction
Microscope group at, while receive two beam coherent incoming lights, in service band, two beam incident lights after being reflected can be in photonic crystal resonance
Strong fundamental mode field resonance is inspired in body and is superimposed, when two beam incident light phase differences are 0, the superposition enhancing of field resonance, output
Intensity is most strong, and state is to open；When the two phase difference is π, resonance superposition in field is offset, and output intensity is most weak, and state is to close.
Also photodetector and electric current is arranged in the direction of the vertical radiation optical axis of photonic crystal resonant body in above-mentioned photoswitch
Table, ammeter are electrically connected with photodetector, and photodetector absorbs the symmetric radiation of the vertical incidence optical axis of photonic crystal
Output electric current is converted to after optical signal, ammeter in detection circuit for having no current to pass through, to judge that photodetector is
It is no to receive optical signal.
The photonic crystal matrix is composed of media units according to square periodic arrangement.The dielectric of the media units
Constant ordinary circumstance is 5 or more.
The back reflector of photonic crystal resonant body is used for high-efficiency reflective incident light, is allowed to be overlapped mutually the complete standing wave of acquisition
Field resonance makes radiation light efficiency reach 90% or more.Photonic crystal resonant body has linear dispersion characteristic, can stretch optical wavelength
To identifiable own dimensions magnitude.Different shape, size and the design in period can obtain adjustable in certain working frequency range
The linear dispersion characteristic of control, limited height media units can be placed in simulating two-dimensional structure between metal plate.The photonic crystal back side
Reflecting mirror be made of metallic material of aluminum (Al), there is high reflection characteristic under optical frequency and more low frequency, in photonic crystal
In inspire complete orientation stationary field resonance.Photonic crystal resonant body generates difference under the excitation of different frequency and phase light
Field mode of resonance, the intensity distribution of stationary field resonance is directly proportional to the intensity distribution of symmetric radiation light.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
1. the present invention can be adapted to according to the scalar invariance of photonic crystal, photonic crystal resonant body structure with bi-directional scaling
Different service band, from microwave, Terahertz to optical frequency micro-nano wave band.Changed using reflector position and adjusts the second beam optical path
Phase, the intensity by controlling photonic crystal resonant body interior resonance field realize the switching effect that symmetric radiation photoresist is disconnected or passes through,
By light path change the second beam optical path signal phase, will affect two-beam in photonic crystal resonant body superimposed field resonance it is strong
It is weak, it realizes the opening and closing of symmetric radiation light, also will affect phase transfer characteristic by changing extraneous transmission conditions, thus real
The opening and closing effect of existing photoswitch.
2. the present invention has the alternative of operation wavelength, work can be adjusted by adjusting the structural parameters of photonic crystal
Wave band, the i.e. response wave length of incident light, to realize the switching effect to particular job wave band.Working frequency range is not limited to single-frequency work
Make wave band, due to the stretchable propagation wavelength characteristic of photonic crystal, even if lambda1-wavelength has centainly with respect to best effort wave band
Broadening still is able to realize good symmetric radiation light switch function.
3. being different from common single channel photoswitch, which is two-way symmetric radiation photoswitch, gathers photoswitch and beam splitting
, and two beam width penetrate the light-transmission characteristics such as light amplitude having the same, phase and polarization to device function.
4. optical wavelength can be stretched to identifiable own dimensions amount the present invention is based on the linear dispersion characteristic of photonic crystal
Grade, the transformation of rectangle photon syntony crystalloid size and structural parameters can effectively cut its transport properties.
5. the present invention has many advantages, such as that simple structure, at low cost, microminaturization, integrated level are high, can apply in optical information
With the fields such as optic communication, for micro/nano-scale integrated optical circuit optical device design provide new approach.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the working principle diagram that field resonance mode of the present invention controls symmetric radiation photoswitch.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that field resonance mode of the present invention controls photonic crystal resonant body in symmetric radiation photoswitch；
In figure: 1. high refractive index medium columns, 2. polishing metal reflecting mirrors；Background is air.
Fig. 3 is photonic crystal resonant body radiant light transmission spectrum in the present invention, transmission spectrum when solid line is photoswitch "ON", dotted line
Transmission spectrum when for photoswitch "Off".
Specific embodiment
For the present invention according to the scalar invariance of photonic crystal, photonic crystal resonant body structure can be with bi-directional scaling adaptation not
Same service band, from microwave, Terahertz to optical frequency micro-nano wave band.Two beam incident lights while normal incidence photon syntony crystalloid,
Change wherein a branch of optical path phase signal by change in optical path length, will affect two-beam superimposed field resonance in photonic crystal resonant body
Power, realize the opening and closing of symmetric radiation light, phase transfer characteristic can also be influenced by changing extraneous transmission conditions,
To realize the opening and closing effect of photoswitch.
It is two vertical optical paths by incident light beam splitting referring to Fig. 1, first optical path is fixed input path, Article 2
Optical path is dynamic control optical path, and two input paths impinge perpendicularly on photonic crystal resonant body along x optical axis direction simultaneously, two
Input path is excited complete standing wave after the back reflector reflection of photonic crystal resonant body in photonic crystal resonant body
Field resonance, and symmetrical radiation laser beam is generated in the direction y of vertical optical axis, pass through the phase realization control for adjusting Article 2 optical path
The switch state of the symmetric radiation light beam of photonic crystal resonant body.
Symmetrical directional strong radiation characteristic is generated using photonic crystal resonant body internal field resonance, by adjusting Article 2 optical path
The phase-difference control superimposed field resonance of first optical path is constructive or destructive relatively, realizes to photonic crystal resonant body symmetric radiation
Blocking and the switching effect that passes through, obtain the effect of photoswitch opening and closing.
Further detailed description is done to the present invention combined with specific embodiments below, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to
This.
Embodiment 1
To meet the requirement that sub-wavelength dimensions efficiency light switching device designs in integreted phontonics optical path, the present embodiment provides one
Field mode of resonance of the kind based on square photonic crystal resonant body controls symmetric radiation photoswitch, as shown in Figure 1, including being sequentially arranged
Laser, lens, beam splitter prism, reflecting mirror, photonic crystal resonant body, photodetector and ammeter.Using with Michael
The similar optical path of inferior interferometer is by fixed optical path incident light (first optical path) and control light (Article 2 optical path) simultaneously along x optical axis
Line direction impinges perpendicularly on square photonic crystal resonant body, is electrically connected between photodetector and ammeter, is placed on photon
On the radiation path of syntony crystalloid along the y-axis direction.
Specifically:
Laser emits working frequency light beam, and light beam is by being split in lens projects to beam splitter prism.
Lens are convex lens, and the taper divergent beams of the radiation of laser transmitting are collimated light beam by lens convergence,
It is just projecting on cube beam splitter prism.
Beam splitter prism is lossless two-beam cube beam splitter prism, and the incident beam that laser emits is divided into and is mutually perpendicular to
Identical two-beam, all the way direction y transmitted light and all the way direction x reflected light.
Reflecting mirror includes the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror, and two reflecting mirrors are used for two roads beam beam splitting Guang Anyuan are positive and negative
It is emitted back towards in beam splitter prism, obtains the phase-shift phase directly proportional to light path, it is brilliant to rectangle photon along the vertical normal incidence of x optical axis direction together
In body resonant body, the displacement of reflecting mirror is for controlling the light path of light beam, i.e. phase.First reflecting mirror is fixed, and the second reflecting mirror is logical
It crosses displacement x or by changing extraneous transmission conditions, realizes between two optical path signals optical path difference 0 to the conversion between π.
Photonic crystal resonant body, by with linear dispersion characteristic square photonic crystal matrix and back reflector form,
Two beam incident lights are received simultaneously, and the two can all inspire strong fundamental mode field resonance in the photonic crystal, when the two phase difference is 0
When, resonance superposition enhancing in the two field radiates optical switch status "ON", output radiation luminous intensity is most strong；When the two phase difference is π
When, the superposition of the two resonance is offset, and optical switch status "Off" is radiated, and output radiation luminous intensity is most weak.
Photonic crystal matrix with linear dispersion characteristic is composed of multiple dielectric posts according to square periodic arrangement.
Each media units are the materials that high dielectric constant ratio is formed with air, and ordinary circumstance is 5 or more.Different shape, size and week
The design of phase can obtain regulatable working frequency, and limited height media units can be placed between metal plate, can simulate
Two-dimensional structure.The reflecting mirror perpendicular to x-axis at the photonic crystal back side is made of polishing metal plate, has under optical frequency and more low frequency
Have high reflection characteristic, along x-axis incident light reflected after with incident optical superposition generate complete standing wave resonance, in photonic crystal resonant body
Inside inspire the strong field resonance of orientation.It can be by the light wave progress of very little in space using the linear dispersion property of photonic crystal
Row stretches.The present embodiment photonic crystal resonant body is specially the high dielectric constant column square array for being much larger than 1, upper and lower metal
Plate and photonic crystal arrays back metal polish reflecting mirror, specially Al.
Photodetector absorbs the optical signal of photonic crystal side y-axis direction symmetric radiation, and absorbing energy makes its internal temperature
Degree increases, to change its electric property, generates output electric current.
Ammeter is electrically connected with photodetector, and photodetector is converted to output electric current after receiving radiation optical signal,
Ammeter in detection circuit for having no current to pass through, to judge whether photodetector receives optical signal.
Incident light is divided into two vertical optical paths by beam splitter prism, the direction y transmitted light and all the way direction x reflected light all the way, the
One optical path is fixed input path, and Article 2 optical path is dynamic control optical path, after the positive reflection for passing through reflecting mirror respectively, two beams
Optical signal converges in beam splitter prism again, then impinges perpendicularly in photonic crystal resonant body along the direction optical axis x together；Two
Incident light excites violent field resonance in photonic crystal resonant body, generates symmetrical radiation laser beam along the y-axis direction.Pass through control
The position of Article 2 optical path reflecting mirror makes change in optical path length realize the phase controlling to Article 2 optical path signal, by adjusting Article 2
Phase difference between the phase signal regulation two ways of optical signals of optical path, realizes the phase of field resonant state in photonic crystal resonant body
Long or cancellation, to realize the "ON" and "Off" state of symmetric radiation photoswitch.
Embodiment 2
For further illustrate embodiment 1 in photonic crystal resonant body to two beam incident light phase differences are respectively 0 and π when not
Same radiant transmittance, present embodiment discloses photonic crystal resonant body to two-beam incident light phase difference is respectively 0 and π when it is saturating
Penetrate characteristic.
As shown in Fig. 2, the field mode of resonance based on photonic crystal of the present embodiment controls symmetric radiation photoswitch, with terahertz
Hereby for wave band, photonic crystal resonant body is made of 20 × 20 high refractive index medium columns 1, and the lattice period of photonic crystal is 1 μ
M × 1 μm, medium column radius are 0.2 μm, and dielectric posts are made of dielectric constant of 12.5 material, upper and lower metal plate and as anti-
The polishing backboard (polishing metal reflecting mirror 2) for penetrating mirror is made of Al material.
As shown in figure 3, when two-beam (first optical path (fixed input path) and the Article 2 optical path of beam splitting back reflection time
(dynamic control optical path)) phase difference is when being 0, on two beam incident light vertical irradiations to above-mentioned photonic crystal resonant body, In
165.56THz generates strongest fundamental mode field resonance, and up to 92%, radiation laser beam shines total symmetric radiation transmitance in the y-direction
On photodetector, photodetector converts electric signal for the optical signal received and exports, and ammeter has detected that electric current is logical
It crosses, at this point, resonance mode control radiation photoswitch in the present embodiment field is in open shape body (ON).When two-beam phase difference is π,
Symmetric radiation transmitance in the y-direction is only 0.34%, and it is humorous that two beam incident lights in 165.56THz all generate strong fundamental mode field
Vibration, but since phase is just on the contrary, superimposed field resonance is almost nil, it is shone on photodetector almost without radiation laser beam, photoelectricity
Detector is exported without electric signal, and ammeter can't detect electric current and pass through, at this point, the present embodiment field resonance mode controls radiant light
Switch is in closing shape body (OFF).
Claims (5)
1. a kind of optical-switch control method of the field mode of resonance based on photonic crystal resonant body, it is characterized in that:
Two beam incident lights are impinged perpendicularly on into the photonic crystal resonant body with linear dispersion characteristic along same optical axis direction simultaneously
On, the first beam incident light is fixed incident light, and the second beam incident light is the adjustable incident light of dynamic phasing, and two beam incident lights are in photon
Violent field resonance is excited in syntony crystalloid, the superposition of field resonance occurs, and generate symmetrically in the direction of vertical incidence optical axis
Radiation laser beam, by adjusting the phase of the second beam incident light, controlling the phase difference between two beam incident lights is 0 or π, realizes photon
The switch state of the symmetric radiation light beam of syntony crystalloid.
2. the optical-switch control method according to claim 1 based on photonic crystal field mode of resonance, it is characterized in that: described two
Beam incident light is coherent beam.
3. a kind of photoswitch for realizing claim 1 the method is two-way symmetric radiation photoswitch, collects photoswitch and beam splitter
Function is in one；It is characterized in that: include laser, lens, beam splitter prism, reflecting mirror and photonic crystal resonant body, laser, thoroughly
Mirror and beam splitter prism are located on same axis and set gradually, and the beam splitting direction of beam splitter prism is provided with the first reflecting mirror and second
Reflecting mirror, rectangle photon syntony crystalloid are vertically installed on the optical axis of two beam incident lights after closing beam；
Laser, for emitting light beam；
The taper divergent beams of the radiation of laser transmitting are converged as collimated light beam, are just projected on beam splitter prism by lens；
The incident beam that laser emits is divided into and is mutually perpendicular to identical two incident lights by beam splitter prism；
First reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror, for being emitted back towards two roads beam beam splitting Guang Anyuan are positive and negative in beam splitter prism, along same light
Axis direction impinges perpendicularly in photonic crystal resonant body, and the first reflecting mirror is fixed, and the second reflecting mirror is used for two beam incident optical signals
Between optical path difference 0 to the conversion between π；
Photonic crystal resonant body, by the back reflection microscope group of photonic crystal matrix and normally incident direction with linear dispersion characteristic
At, while two beam coherent incoming lights are received, in service band, two beam incident lights after being reflected can be in photonic crystal resonant body
It inspires strong fundamental mode field resonance and is superimposed, when two beam incident light phase differences are 0, the superposition enhancing of field resonance, output intensity
Most strong, state is to open；When the two phase difference is π, resonance superposition in field is offset, and output intensity is most weak, and state is to close.
4. photoswitch according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the direction of the vertical radiation optical axis in photonic crystal resonant body
Setting photodetector and ammeter, ammeter are electrically connected with photodetector, and photodetector absorbs the vertical of photonic crystal
Output electric current is converted to after the optical signal of the symmetric radiation of incident light axis, ammeter is used to have no current to pass through in detection circuit,
To judge whether photodetector receives optical signal.
5. photoswitch according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the photonic crystal matrix is by media units according to square week
Phase is arranged in a combination.
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| CN113281844A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-20 | 中国科学院大学 | Multi-mode interference coupler based on near-zero refractive index array resonance |
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