CN110505670A - A kind of topology control method controlling optimization wireless sensor network based on transmission range - Google Patents
A kind of topology control method controlling optimization wireless sensor network based on transmission range Download PDFInfo
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- CN110505670A CN110505670A CN201810469147.3A CN201810469147A CN110505670A CN 110505670 A CN110505670 A CN 110505670A CN 201810469147 A CN201810469147 A CN 201810469147A CN 110505670 A CN110505670 A CN 110505670A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/04—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources
- H04W40/10—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources based on available power or energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0203—Power saving arrangements in the radio access network or backbone network of wireless communication networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of topology control methods that optimization wireless sensor network is controlled based on transmission range, this method is analyzed by the energy consumption of the node of different location in the wireless sensor network to constant transmissions range, obtain the energy residual situation of each node of network, and sensor node transmission power is increased according to energy residual situation, to improve the transmission range and transmission reliability of sensor node.After such method, the data collection path in periodic data collection wireless sensor network can become a plurality of from one, and by the adjustment of transport protocol, can make mulitpath simultaneous transmission.Optimization method of the invention compares previous method, can reduce the time of data collection and the reliability of improve data transfer, service life also improve.It is proved by theory analysis, the reliability of data collection of the present invention improves at least 7.3%, and the time of data collection reduces 23%, and network life improves 9%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless sensor network field, especially a kind of are directed to require high reliability low latency periodicity number
The method controlled according to the wireless sensor transmission range of collection.
Background technique
The progress of technology makes the volume of sensor smaller, and precision is higher, and cost is lower.Have benefited from this, sensor network exists
There has also been be widely applied for every field.Since building sensor network needs a large amount of sensor nodes, so sensor node
It is usually cheap.It is limited by cost, the battery of sensor node, CPU, memory and communication capacity are all limited, to sensing
The main target of the optimization of device network is to improve the life and reliability of sensor network, reduces the delay of sensor.
Topology Control is a kind of optimization method for being widely used in wireless sensor network, for reducing Communication Jamming
And energy consumption.The basis that Topology Control is applied is the power adjustable of sensor node.By adjusting sensor
The transmission power of node can change its transmission radius to adjust the topological structure of network.It gives network bring benefit
It is: (1) reduces the energy consumption of node.Topology Control it is adjustable those at a distance of closer node use lower transmission
Power is to save energy.(2) Communication Jamming is reduced.When sensor node density is higher, the transmission range of node is mutually covered,
When multiple nodes use a frequency range to carry out data communication simultaneously, interference can be generated.Therefore, the transmission radius for reducing node can
Interference when reducing node while communicate.Although good effect can be obtained by reducing transmission radius by Topology Control
Fruit, but it have been found that, one kind is used using the wireless sensor network sensitive with packet loss to delay of data aggregation technique
The Topology Control of above-mentioned thought can not obtain good effect.It can be allowed in this kind of network using data aggregation technique more
The data packet of a node can all aggregate into a data packet after meeting.But, wireless communication link quality poor in network environment
When bad, a large amount of packet loss is had, and due to the multiple re-transmission after packet loss, it is very big to also result in network delay.So such as
What takes suitable Topology Control to realize that quickly efficiently, the network data collection of high reliability is in such an application
One has the problem of challenge.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provide it is a kind of can be reduced data collection delay, improve data collection reliability for periodic data receive
Collect the optimization method of wireless sensor network.To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of based on transmission range control optimization
The topology control method of wireless sensor network includes the following steps: Step 1: sensor network is layered, each layer of width
Identical, shape is annulus.To every layer according to serial number from small to large since center.0,1,2,3 ..., collect node position
In network center, its level number is set as 0；Step 2: calculating the average energy consumption of each node layer, finds out ceiling capacity and disappear
Consume and analyze with this energy residual of each node layer；Step 3: increase the transmission power of node according to the dump energy of node, and
Transmission range is adjusted according to the principle for significantly reducing node communication quality and the minimum father node quantity of holding；Step 4: foundation
Level number where transmission range determines the father node of node, rebuilds sensor network data collecting path.
Benefit of the invention is that: present invention utilizes the dump energies in wireless sensor network to improve energy residual
The transimission power of node ensure that communication quality while improving transmission range.Therefore, reduce each node layer and be transferred to remittance
The hop count for collecting node, reduces the time of data collection, improves the reliability of data collection.In addition, the present invention can be formed
The a plurality of data collection path that can be carried out simultaneously is decreased while reducing data collection time near collecting the logical of node
Letter data amount, improves network life.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic illustration that the present invention implements the data aggregation technique used in network.
Fig. 2 is the schematic illustration that the present invention implements the broadcast mechanism used in network.
Fig. 3 is the number of nodes schematic diagram that the present invention implements different layers in network.
Fig. 4 is that the present invention implements node energy consumption and energy residual schematic diagram that conventional method is used in network.
Fig. 5 is that the present invention implements to compare signal using the data collection path of conventional method and the method for the present invention in network
Figure.
Fig. 6 is that each node layer delivers a packet to the reliability comparison signal for collecting node in present invention implementation network
Figure.
Fig. 7 is that the present invention implements to compare signal using the node total power consumption of conventional method and the method for the present invention in network
Figure.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and example, the present invention will be further described.The network of example is a kind of periodic data receipts
The wireless sensor network of collection, the shape of network are the circle that radius is R (R=126m), and deployment way is: collecting node and be located at
Network center position, N (N=500) a sensor node are deployed within the scope of whole network in a uniformly distributed manner.Node
Initial transmission power and reception power are all -20dBm.This network guarantees data transmission using broadcast and the mechanism retransmitted
Reliability reduces the data volume of the transmission between node using data aggregation technique.Wherein, the principle of data aggregation technique is such as
Shown in Fig. 1.
In this example, the data aggregate model that network uses is widely used growth form polymerization model when original to m
When data packet is polymerize, the size for the data packet that polymerization generates can be calculated according to following formula:
| θ ' |=| θ1|+ε·(|θ2|+|θ3|+…+|θm|) (1)
Wherein | θ ' | the data package size after indicating polymerization, | θ1|, | θ2| ..., | θm| respectively indicate m raw data packets
Size, ε is the aggregate rate of data aggregate, and value is ε=0.3 in this example.
In this example, network uses broadcast mechanism, and when carrying out data transmission, sending node can by way of broadcast
To send data to multiple receiving nodes simultaneously.As long as any one node in receiving node receives sending node transmission
Data ensure that data continue to forward pass without losing.As shown in Figure 2, there are two sending nodes to send data, they
Transmitted data are not received by all receiving nodes.One of data sent are only received by a receiving node
, but data still can continue to be transferred to collect node.So can be improved by the way of broadcast data transmission can
By property.
This example mainly includes following content.
Step 1, by network hierarchy.Firstly, the level number for collecting (Sink) node is 0, in this example, slice width degree d is set as
21m, whole network are segmented into equal 6 layers of width, are respectively 1,2,3,4 from numbering outward near the layer for collecting node,
5,6.
Fig. 3 gives 1 to 6 layers of node number for including, since the shape of layer is annular and of same size, further away from the center of circle
Layer area it is bigger, and because sensor node is generally evenly distributed in network, from the 1st layer to the 6th layer, node
Number is more and more.
Step 2, analysis network energy consumption.Firstly, it is flat to calculate sending and receiving for each node layer according to formula (2)
Equal data volume.
WhereinIndicate the child node number of the i-th node layer,Indicate that each child node positioned at j layers is sent
Average amount, p indicate that the packet reception rate in transmission process, δ represent the number of retransmissions for reaching reliability requirement needs, f
Indicate the aggregate function used in node, specific expression formula is formula (1) in this example.
Then, according to the average energy consumption for sending and receiving average amount and calculating each node layer of each node layer, such as
Following formula:
Wherein,Indicate that node sends power used in data, VsendIndicate that node sends the speed of data,Indicate that node receives power used in data, VsendIndicate that node receives the speed of data.
Maximum total power consumption is reused to calculate the available dump energy of each node layer, such as following formula:
The dump energy that Fig. 4 gives the total power consumption of each node layer and each node layer is consumed relative to ceiling capacity.
Step 3 adjusts the transimission power and transmission range of node.Firstly, the available dump energy of every node layer is whole
For improving the transmission range and transmission quality of node, method is to improve the transimission power of node, finds out node using following formula (5)
The power being adjustable to:
Wherein, ElimitFor the hardware upper limit of sensor node adjustable transmission power.
Then the transmission range being adjustable to is determined, (6) can determine before guaranteeing certain packet reception rate according to the following formula
It puts, the maximum transmitted range that may be adjusted to.
Wherein,N is path loss index, PL (r0) on the basis of away from
Loss value under, r0On the basis of distance.
The distance that formula (6) acquires is the maximum transmission distance that the node layer can tune to, and is but not necessarily most suitable
Transmission range.Shown according to Fig. 3, it is fewer closer to the node layer number for collecting node, so, if the node-node transmission of outer layer away from
These nodes can be directly reached from too big, energy consumption is caused to sharply increase, this will lead to network life shortening.So at this
The principle of example interior joint distance adjustment is that the communication distance that node can tune to will meet the length no more than 3d and this layer saves
The condition that the smallest father node number of point is 2.
Step 4, level number where the father node of node is determined according to transmission range rebuild sensor network data receipts
Collect path.Fig. 5 compared the data collection of the method for transmission range control in method and the present invention using identical traffic distance
Path.From figure 5 it can be seen that the path of the data collection in this method has two, compared to the side using identical traffic distance
Method, under this method, node can be transferred data to less hop count collects node.
In conclusion the method for the invention for controlling optimization wireless sensor network based on transmission range has energy by improving
The transimission power of remaining node is measured to improve transmission range.The method for comparing traditional same transmission range, of the invention is excellent
Point is:
(1) there is higher data collection reliability using the network of the method for the present invention.Data collection reliability refers to respectively
Node layer delivers a packet to the reliability for collecting node.Fig. 6 illustrates each node layer in implementation network and sends the packet within
To the reliability for collecting node it will be seen from figure 6 that under the method for the present invention, the reliability of each layer is above conventional method.
Compared to conventional method, the data collection reliability highest of the method for the present invention has 7.3% promotion.
(2) there is shorter data collection time using the network of the method for the present invention.The time of data collection is each layer section
The total time of point transmission data.As shown in figure 5, the method that transmission range of the invention controls can be formed together in implementing network
When the two data collecting paths transmitted, the hop count that the arrival of each path collects node is less, also, two paths can be same
Shi Jinhang data collection.By the calculating to this implementation network data collection time, data collection time used in conventional method
For 18.282766s, data collection time used in method of the invention is 14.056223.Compared to conventional method, the present invention
Method reduces 23% data collection time.
(3) there is longer network life using the network of the method for the present invention.Wireless sensor network life typically refers to
The service life of first dead node in network, that is, refer to the maximum node lifetime of total power consumption.Fig. 6 gives using biography
Total power consumption comparison of the node of system method and the method for the present invention in a cycle data collection, it can be seen that tradition side
Under method, the energy consumption of each node layer is widely different, wherein the energy consumption of the first-level nodes is maximum, is 4.56623E-5J.
And under the method for the present invention, the energy consumption relative equilibrium of each node layer, difference is smaller, and the energy consumption of the 6th node layer is maximum, is
4.1568E-5J.Compared to conventional method, the ceiling capacity consumption of the method for the present invention reduces 9%, this has also meaned the network longevity
Life improves 9%.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of topology control method for controlling optimization wireless sensor network based on transmission range, it is characterised in that: comprising following
Step:
Step 1: sensor network is layered, each layer of same size, shape is annulus, since center to every layer according to
Serial number 0,1,2,3 ... from small to large collects node and is located at network center, its level number is set as 0；
Step 2: calculating the average energy consumption of each node layer, finds out ceiling capacity and consume and each node layer is analyzed with this
Energy residual；
Step 3: increasing the transmission power of node according to the dump energy of node, and according to guarantee node communication quality and communication
The smallest principle of data volume adjusts transmission range；
Step 4: level number where determining the father node of node according to transmission range, rebuilds sensor network data and collects road
Diameter.
2. the topology control method according to claim 1 that optimization wireless sensor network is controlled based on transmission range,
It is characterized in that, the specific steps for being layered sensor network in step 1 are as follows: firstly, the 0th layer in network only includes to collect section,
0th layer is considered as a point in network topological diagram；Then, the selection for selecting distance a d, d meets the condition of 0 < d < r,
Middle r is the initial transmission radius of node.Finally, whole network to be divided into wide layer, can divide altogetherLayer is (no
Meter collects node), each layer is then numbered 0,1,2 from network center ...,
3. the topology control method according to claim 1 that optimization wireless sensor network is controlled based on transmission range,
It is characterized in that, the average energy consumption of each node layer is calculated in step 2 method particularly includes:
Firstly, the average amount of each node layer sent and received is calculated, such as following formula:
WhereinIndicate the child node number of the i-th node layer,Indicate being averaged for each child node transmission positioned at j layers
Data volume, p indicate that the packet reception rate in transmission process, δ represent the number of retransmissions for reaching reliability requirement needs, and f is indicated
In the aggregate function that node uses, data volume that input needs to polymerize is it can be concluded that data volume after polymerization；
Then, according to the average energy consumption for sending and receiving average amount and calculating each node layer of each node layer, such as following formula:
Wherein,Indicate that node sends power used in data, VsendIndicate that node sends the speed of data,It indicates
Node receives power used in data, VsendIndicate that node receives the speed of data；
The method such as following formula of the dump energy of each node layer is calculated in step 2:
Wherein, EmaxFor ceiling capacity consumption.
4. the topology control method according to claim 1 that optimization wireless sensor network is controlled based on transmission range,
It is characterized in that, increases the specific method of the transmission power of node in step 3 according to the dump energy of node, such as following formula:
Wherein, ElimitFor the hardware upper limit of sensor node adjustable transmission power.
The adjustment of transmission node transmission range in step 3 method particularly includes: first according to adjustable transimission power and requirement
The packet reception rate (probability that the data packet of sending node completely reaches destination node) of guarantee calculates transmission range, such as following formula:
rmax=(10[PL(r)-PL(r0)]/10n)/r0
Wherein,N is path loss index, PL (r0) on the basis of under distance
Loss value, r0On the basis of distance.
5. the topology control method according to claim 1 that optimization wireless sensor network is controlled based on transmission range,
It is characterized in that, level number the specific method is as follows formula where the father node of node is determined in step 4:
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Application publication date: 20191126 |