CN110504692B - Unified power flow control system and method for photovoltaic energy storage traction power supply in urban rail transit - Google Patents
Unified power flow control system and method for photovoltaic energy storage traction power supply in urban rail transit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开城轨交通光伏储能牵引供电的统一潮流控制系统及方法包括具有光伏储能供电的城轨交通牵引供电系统直流牵引供电网络中的功率不可调节装置和功率可调节装置，参与一次调节的各牵引变电所功率可调装置控制器，参与二次调节的统一潮流控制器，参与三次调节的经济调度计划控制器，牵引变电所综合自动化子系统，中央综合监控系统，以及通信网络。实现本地控制器对牵引变电所直流母线电压的调节；实现直流牵引网的最优潮流分配，使得牵引网功率损耗最小、电压波动最小，改善牵引网电压水平，使得每一处列车取流尽可能由两侧牵引变电所提供；经济调度计划，确定不同时段可调功率装置的功率输出计划，储能装置的预充放电计划，高效利用光伏储能。
The invention discloses a unified power flow control system and method for urban rail transit photovoltaic energy storage traction power supply, including a power non-adjustable device and a power adjustable device in the DC traction power supply network of the urban rail transit traction power supply system with photovoltaic energy storage power supply, and participates in one-time adjustment Each traction substation power adjustable device controller, the unified power flow controller participating in the secondary regulation, the economic dispatch plan controller participating in the tertiary regulation, the integrated automation subsystem of the traction substation, the central integrated monitoring system, and the communication network . Realize the adjustment of the DC bus voltage of the traction substation by the local controller; realize the optimal power flow distribution of the DC traction network, so that the power loss and voltage fluctuation of the traction network are minimized, and the voltage level of the traction network is improved, so that each train can draw as much current as possible. It may be provided by the traction substations on both sides; the economic dispatch plan determines the power output plan of the adjustable power device at different time periods, the pre-charge and discharge plan of the energy storage device, and the efficient use of photovoltaic energy storage.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于城市轨道交通供电系统技术领域，特别是涉及城轨交通光伏储能牵引供电的统一潮流控制系统及方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of urban rail transit power supply systems, and in particular relates to a unified power flow control system and method for urban rail transit photovoltaic energy storage traction power supply.
背景技术Background technique
现有城轨直流牵引供电系统各牵引变电所整流机组功率不可调、不可控，全线列车取流的大小和位置按照电路的约束条件在全线范围内进行功率的自然分配，当列车发车间隔比较大时，全线各牵引变电所整流机组均为取流列车提供功率，造成了功率的远距离传输，带来额外的功率损耗，列车取流的远距离回流也造成杂散电流的路径更远更复杂，出现钢轨电位偏高等问题。The power of the rectifier units of each traction substation in the existing urban rail DC traction power supply system is not adjustable and controllable. The size and position of the trains on the entire line are naturally distributed within the entire line according to the constraints of the circuit. When the train departure interval is compared When the power is large, the rectifier units of all traction substations on the whole line provide power for the current-taking trains, resulting in long-distance power transmission and additional power loss. More complicated, there are problems such as high rail potential.
目前城轨直流牵引供电系统，列车频繁启动、制动，制动时带来的再生制动能量在直流牵引网各牵引列车进行分配，如果仍有剩余，将通过制动列车的制动电阻消耗。再生制动能量在牵引网中的流动将会引起牵引网电压升高，多余再生能量通过制动电阻消耗造成能量的浪费。为了充分利用再生制动能量，城轨牵引变电所开始采用逆变回馈装置，但只能根据该牵引变电所直流侧电压和功率控制本逆变回馈装置的输出，不能实现全网功率潮流的优化，造成节能效果有限。At present, in the urban rail DC traction power supply system, the train starts and brakes frequently, and the regenerative braking energy brought by braking is distributed among the traction trains in the DC traction network. If there is any surplus, it will be consumed by the braking resistance of the braking train. . The flow of regenerative braking energy in the traction network will cause the voltage of the traction network to rise, and the excess regenerative energy will be consumed by the braking resistor, resulting in energy waste. In order to make full use of the regenerative braking energy, the urban rail traction substation began to use the inverter feedback device, but the output of the inverter feedback device can only be controlled according to the DC side voltage and power of the traction substation, and the power flow of the whole network cannot be realized. optimization, resulting in limited energy saving effect.
目前的城轨直流牵引供电系统各牵引变电所双边供电，直流牵引网的功率分布和牵引变电所母线电压不可调节，随着列车运行分布、运行状态的变化而变化。实际运行中，当列车再生制动时，再生能量通过附近牵引状态列车吸收，若网压高于再生制动电阻启动电压时，剩余能量通过再生制动电阻消耗。牵引变电所若安装有逆变回馈装置，则再生制动能量回馈到交流侧。逆变回馈装置控制器根据母线电压控制回馈功率，有一定调节电压的能力，但仅限于再生回馈状态。In the current urban rail DC traction power supply system, each traction substation supplies power on both sides, and the power distribution of the DC traction network and the bus voltage of the traction substation are not adjustable, and change with the change of train operation distribution and operation status. In actual operation, when the train regenerative braking, the regenerative energy is absorbed by the nearby train in the traction state. If the grid voltage is higher than the starting voltage of the regenerative braking resistor, the remaining energy is consumed by the regenerative braking resistor. If the traction substation is installed with an inverter feedback device, the regenerative braking energy is fed back to the AC side. The inverter feedback device controller controls the feedback power according to the bus voltage, and has a certain ability to adjust the voltage, but only in the regenerative feedback state.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
为了解决上述问题，本发明提出了城轨交通光伏储能牵引供电的统一潮流控制系统及方法，实现本地控制器对牵引变电所直流母线电压的调节；统一潮流控制器对全网功率分配和电压的协调控制，实现直流牵引网的最优潮流分配，使得牵引网功率损耗最小、电压波动最小，改善牵引网电压水平，使得每一处列车取流尽可能由两侧牵引变电所提供，避免跨所供电带来额外的功率损失和杂散电流路径的增长，减小牵引网电压的波动和钢轨电位；经济调度计划，确定不同时段可调功率装置的功率输出计划，储能装置的预充放电计划，高效利用光伏发电系统，避免弃光，同时有计划地到削峰填谷、稳定网压作用，实现经济和环保调度。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a unified power flow control system and method for urban rail transit photovoltaic energy storage traction power supply, which realizes the adjustment of the DC bus voltage of the traction substation by the local controller; The coordinated control of voltage realizes the optimal power flow distribution of the DC traction network, so that the power loss and voltage fluctuation of the traction network are minimized, and the voltage level of the traction network is improved, so that the current drawn by each train is provided by the traction substations on both sides as much as possible. Avoid extra power loss and stray current path growth across the power supply, reduce the voltage fluctuation of the traction network and rail potential; The charging and discharging plan makes efficient use of the photovoltaic power generation system to avoid abandonment of light, and at the same time, it is planned to cut peaks and fill valleys, stabilize the grid voltage, and realize economical and environmentally friendly scheduling.
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：城轨交通光伏储能牵引供电的统一潮流控制系统，包括具有光伏储能供电的城轨交通牵引供电系统直流牵引供电网络中的功率不可调节装置和功率可调节装置，参与一次调节的各牵引变电所功率可调装置控制器，参与二次调节的统一潮流控制器，参与三次调节的经济调度计划控制器，牵引变电所综合自动化子系统，中央综合监控系统，以及通信网络；所述直流牵引供电网络与牵引变电所综合自动化子系统通信连接，所述牵引变电所综合自动化子系统连接至通信网络；所述通信网络向参与一次调节的各牵引变电所功率可调装置控制器传递信号，所述参与一次调节的各牵引变电所功率可调装置控制器向直流牵引供电网络中的功率不可调节装置和功率可调节装置传递信号；在所述通信网络上还连接有中央综合监控中心，所述中央综合监控中心包括中央综合监控系统，参与二次调节的统一潮流控制器，以及在所述参与二次调节的统一潮流控制器的上连接有参与三次调节的经济调度计划控制器；In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a unified power flow control system for urban rail transit photovoltaic energy storage traction power supply, including a power non-adjustable device in the DC traction power supply network of the urban rail transit traction power supply system with photovoltaic energy storage power supply and power adjustable device, the power adjustable device controller of each traction substation participating in the primary adjustment, the unified power flow controller participating in the secondary adjustment, the economic dispatch plan controller participating in the tertiary adjustment, the integrated automation subsystem of the traction substation , a central integrated monitoring system, and a communication network; the DC traction power supply network is communicatively connected to the integrated automation subsystem of the traction substation, and the integrated automation subsystem of the traction substation is connected to the communication network; The power adjustable device controller of each traction substation that is adjusted transmits a signal, and the power adjustable device controller of each traction substation participating in the primary adjustment transmits the signal to the power non-adjustable device and the power adjustable device in the DC traction power supply network A central comprehensive monitoring center is also connected to the communication network, and the central comprehensive monitoring center includes a central comprehensive monitoring system, a unified power flow controller participating in the secondary adjustment, and a unified power flow control participating in the secondary adjustment. The upper part of the controller is connected with an economic dispatch plan controller that participates in three adjustments;
一次调节通过各牵引变电所功率可调装置的本地控制器完成，调节范围在本节点的电压波动在正常运行范围之内；The one-time adjustment is completed by the local controller of the power adjustable device of each traction substation, and the adjustment range is within the normal operating range of the voltage fluctuation of this node;
二次调节通过城轨交通线路各牵引变电所综合自动化子系统对牵引变电所各功率不可调装置和功率可调装置的运行参数进行采集潮流控制信息，将所述潮流控制信息通过通信网络上传至中央综合监控中心的统一潮流控制器，对各牵引变电所功率可调装置进行统一的功率潮流分配管理控制，调整一次调节的参考值，减小直流电压偏差，实现直流牵引网最优潮流；The secondary regulation collects the power flow control information from the operation parameters of the power non-adjustable devices and power adjustable devices of the traction substations through the integrated automation subsystem of each traction substation of the urban rail transit line, and transmits the power flow control information through the communication network. The unified power flow controller uploaded to the central comprehensive monitoring center performs unified power flow distribution management and control for the power adjustable devices of each traction substation, adjusts the reference value of the primary adjustment, reduces the DC voltage deviation, and realizes the optimal DC traction network. trend;
三次调节是根据每日列车运行计划进行牵引供电计算获取日负荷曲线，根据天气历史数据预测和新能源发电历史数据预测新能源日发电量曲线，优化潮流计算，确定不同时段可调功率装置的功率输出计划，通过统一潮流控制器调节，实现经济和环保调度。The third adjustment is to calculate the daily load curve according to the daily train operation plan, predict the daily power generation curve of new energy according to the historical weather data forecast and the historical data of new energy power generation, optimize the power flow calculation, and determine the power of the adjustable power device at different time periods. The output plan is regulated by a unified power flow controller to achieve economical and environmentally friendly scheduling.
进一步的是，所述牵引变电所综合自动化子系统包括采集模块和RTU模块，采集沿线各牵引变电所的包括功率不可调装置和功率可调装置实时运行电压、功率和各种状态参数，并经通信网络上传至中央综合监控中心的统一潮流控制系统；所述采集的潮流控制信息包括全线牵引变电所整流机组直流侧实时输出功率、电压，在直流牵引侧并网的光伏发电系统输出功率、电压，储能装置的放电功率、充电功率、电压与荷电状态等，逆变装置的电压、逆变回馈的功率、电压，以及双向逆变机组的整流输出功率或逆变回馈功率以及电压。Further, the integrated automation subsystem of the traction substation includes a collection module and an RTU module, and collects the real-time operating voltage, power and various state parameters of each traction substation along the line, including the power non-adjustable device and the power adjustable device, And uploaded to the unified power flow control system of the central comprehensive monitoring center through the communication network; the collected power flow control information includes the real-time output power and voltage of the DC side of the rectifier unit of the traction substation across the line, and the output of the photovoltaic power generation system connected to the grid on the DC traction side. power, voltage, discharge power, charging power, voltage and state of charge of the energy storage device, voltage of the inverter device, power and voltage of the inverter feedback, and the rectified output power or inverter feedback power of the bidirectional inverter unit and Voltage.
进一步的是，所述功率不可调节装置包括各牵引变电所的整流机组、在牵引变电所直流牵引侧并网的车辆段或停车场的光伏储能发电系统；所述功率可调节装置包括储能装置、逆变回馈装置、以及双向逆变机组。Further, the power non-adjustable device includes the rectifier unit of each traction substation, the photovoltaic energy storage power generation system of the vehicle depot or parking lot connected to the grid on the DC traction side of the traction substation; the power adjustable device includes Energy storage device, inverter feedback device, and bidirectional inverter unit.
进一步的是，所述功率可调节装置包括本地控制器，通过各自牵引变电所的功率可调节装置的本地控制器根据功率-电压特性曲线实现一次调节，调整直流母线电压波动，使其在正常运行范围内；Further, the power adjustable device includes a local controller, and the local controller of the power adjustable device of the respective traction substation realizes one-time adjustment according to the power-voltage characteristic curve, and adjusts the DC bus voltage fluctuation so that it is in a normal state. within the operating range;
所述功率可调节装置的本地控制器，在一次调节的基础上，为统一潮流控制器二次调节的执行者；统一潮流控制器最优潮流计算输出的目标功率通过中央综合监控中心通信网络下传至该功率可调节装置的本地控制器，将目标功率作为本地控制器的参考功率，调整该功率调节装置的输出功率使其达到目标值，实现全线直流牵引网功率可调装置的统一调整，达到全线直流牵引网损耗最小、电压波动最小的目标，最终实现直流牵引供电系统全线统一潮流控制管理。The local controller of the power adjustable device is the executor of the secondary adjustment of the unified power flow controller on the basis of the primary adjustment; the target power output by the optimal power flow calculation of the unified power flow controller passes through the communication network of the central comprehensive monitoring center. It is transmitted to the local controller of the power adjustment device, and the target power is used as the reference power of the local controller, and the output power of the power adjustment device is adjusted to reach the target value, so as to realize the unified adjustment of the power adjustment devices of the entire DC traction network. To achieve the goal of minimum loss and minimum voltage fluctuation of the DC traction network across the line, and finally realize the unified power flow control and management of the entire DC traction power supply system.
进一步的是，所述统一潮流控制器，实现直流牵引网潮流的二次调节；各牵引变电所综合自动化子系统通过RTU模块将全线各牵引变电所直流侧功率输出装置的实时运行电压、功率上传统一潮流控制器，统一潮流控制器以直流牵引网功率损耗最小、电压波动最小为目标，施加各功率可调装置输出容量限值、工作电压限值、储能装置荷电限值作为约束条件，制定能量分配策略，进行最优潮流计算，确定各牵引变电所功率可调节装置的目标功率输出；实现整流机组的最优功率输出，达到全线牵引变电所直流输出电压波动最小，功率潮流按最短路径分配，使全线直流牵引供电网络线路压损和功率损耗最小，经济技术指标最优。Further, the unified power flow controller realizes the secondary regulation of the power flow of the DC traction network; the integrated automation subsystem of each traction substation uses the RTU module to convert the real-time operating voltage, Power upload unified power flow controller. The unified power flow controller aims to minimize the power loss and voltage fluctuation of the DC traction network, and imposes the output capacity limit, working voltage limit, and energy storage device charge limit of each power adjustable device as constraints. conditions, formulate an energy distribution strategy, perform optimal power flow calculation, and determine the target power output of the power adjustable devices of each traction substation; realize the optimal power output of the rectifier unit, and achieve the minimum DC output voltage fluctuation of the traction substation across the line, and the power The power flow is distributed according to the shortest path, so that the line pressure loss and power loss of the entire DC traction power supply network are minimized, and the economic and technical indicators are optimized.
进一步的是，所述经济调度计划控制器，根据每日列车运行计划进行牵引供电计算获取日负荷曲线，根据天气历史数据预测和新能源发电历史数据预测新能源日发电量曲线，优化潮流计算，确定不同时段可调功率装置的功率输出计划，储能装置的预充放电计划，按照一定的计划时间强制输入统一潮流控制器进行调节，高效利用光伏发电系统，避免弃光，通过全线功率可调装置的功率控制，起到削峰填谷、稳定网压作用，实现经济和环保调度。Further, the economic dispatch plan controller performs traction power supply calculation according to the daily train operation plan to obtain the daily load curve, predicts the new energy daily power generation curve according to the weather historical data forecast and the new energy power generation historical data, and optimizes the power flow calculation, Determine the power output plan of the adjustable power device at different time periods, the pre-charge and discharge plan of the energy storage device, and force the input into the unified power flow controller for adjustment according to a certain planned time, make efficient use of the photovoltaic power generation system, avoid the abandonment of light, and adjust the power through the whole line. The power control of the device plays the role of shaving peaks and filling valleys, stabilizing network pressure, and realizing economical and environmentally friendly dispatching.
另一方面，本发明还提供了城轨交通光伏储能牵引供电的统一潮流控制方法，包括步骤：On the other hand, the present invention also provides a unified power flow control method for urban rail transit photovoltaic energy storage traction power supply, comprising the steps of:
S100，数据的采集与传输：在牵引变电所综合自动化子系统内完成实时数据的采集采集潮流控制信息，通过远程终端系统RTU经通信网络传输至中央综合监控中心的统一潮流控制器；S100, data collection and transmission: complete real-time data collection and collection of power flow control information in the integrated automation subsystem of the traction substation, and transmit it to the unified power flow controller of the central comprehensive monitoring center through the remote terminal system RTU through the communication network;
S200，二次调节中统一潮流控制：根据所采集潮流控制信息，在统一潮流控制器中以直流牵引网功率损耗最小、电压波动最小为目标，施加各功率可调装置输出容量限值、工作电压限值、储能装置荷电限值约束条件，制定能量分配策略，进行最优潮流计算，对各牵引变电所功率可调装置进行统一的功率潮流分配管理控制，确定各牵引变电所功率可调节装置的目标功率输出，通过通信网络下传至功率可调装置本地控制器，目标功率作为一次调节的参考值，减小直流电压偏差；实现整流机组的最优功率输出，达到全线牵引变电所直流输出电压波动最小，功率潮流按最短路径分配，使全线直流牵引供电网络线路压损和功率损耗最小，经济技术指标最优；S200, unified power flow control in secondary regulation: According to the collected power flow control information, in the unified power flow controller, aiming at the minimum power loss and minimum voltage fluctuation of the DC traction network, the output capacity limit and working voltage of each power adjustable device are applied. Limits, energy storage device charge limit constraints, formulate energy distribution strategies, perform optimal power flow calculations, carry out unified power flow distribution management and control for power adjustable devices of each traction substation, and determine the power of each traction substation The target power output of the adjustable device is downloaded to the local controller of the power adjustable device through the communication network, and the target power is used as the reference value of the primary adjustment to reduce the DC voltage deviation; to achieve the optimal power output of the rectifier unit, and achieve the full line of traction transformers. The DC output voltage fluctuation of the power station is the smallest, and the power flow is distributed according to the shortest path, so that the line pressure loss and power loss of the entire DC traction power supply network are minimized, and the economic and technical indicators are optimal;
S300，三次调节中经济调度计划：根据每日列车运行计划进行牵引供电计算获取日负荷曲线，根据天气历史数据预测和新能源发电历史数据预测新能源日发电量曲线，优化潮流计算，确定不同时段可调功率装置的功率输出计划，储能装置的预充放电计划，按照一定的计划时间强制输入统一潮流控制器进行调节；高效利用光伏发电系统，避免弃光，通过全线功率可调装置的功率控制，起到削峰填谷、稳定网压作用，实现经济和环保调度；S300, economic dispatch plan in the third adjustment: according to the daily train operation plan, the traction power supply is calculated to obtain the daily load curve, the new energy daily power generation curve is predicted according to the weather historical data forecast and the new energy power generation historical data, the power flow calculation is optimized, and different time periods are determined The power output plan of the adjustable power device and the pre-charge and discharge plan of the energy storage device are forced to enter the unified power flow controller for adjustment according to a certain planned time; the photovoltaic power generation system is efficiently used to avoid the abandonment of light, and the power of the entire line of power adjustable devices can be adjusted. Control, play the role of shaving peaks and filling valleys, stabilizing network pressure, and realizing economic and environmental protection scheduling;
S400，一次调节中功率可调装置控制：通过各自本地控制器根据功率-电压特性曲线实现一次调节，调整直流母线电压波动，使其在正常运行范围内；同时，统一潮流控制器优化后得到的目标功率作为参考功率分别传输至各功率可调装置控制器，控制器调整输出，使其达到目标功率，完成二次调节，最终实现全线功率可调，完成线路损耗最小、电压波动最小的控制目标，若两牵引变电所间电压差值为零，则可保证负荷仅由该相邻变电所供电，避免跨所供电造成电流通路流经路径增长，线路损耗增大，杂散电流的路径增长带来钢轨电位升高以及对周围金属管线的电腐蚀。S400, power adjustable device control in one-time adjustment: realize one-time adjustment according to the power-voltage characteristic curve through the respective local controllers, adjust the DC bus voltage fluctuation to make it within the normal operating range; at the same time, the unified power flow controller is optimized to obtain The target power is transmitted as the reference power to the controllers of each power adjustable device respectively. The controller adjusts the output to make it reach the target power, completes the secondary adjustment, and finally realizes the power adjustment of the whole line, and achieves the control goals of minimum line loss and minimum voltage fluctuation. , if the voltage difference between the two traction substations is zero, it can ensure that the load is only powered by the adjacent substation, avoiding the increase of the current path flowing through the power supply, the increase of line loss, and the path of stray current. The growth brings about a rise in rail potential and galvanic corrosion to surrounding metal lines.
进一步的是，实时采集的潮流控制信息包括整流机组AC-DC输出电压和电流，光伏发电系统总辐射光照强度Sref，表面温度Tref，DC-DC输出电压和功率，逆变回馈装置直流侧电压和功率，双向逆变机组直流侧电压和功率，以及储能装置DC-DC输出电压、功率及荷电状态；各牵引变电所综合自动化子系统所采集的潮流控制信息通过RTU模块将全线各牵引变电所直流侧功率输出装置的实时运行电压、功率上传统一潮流控制器。Further, the power flow control information collected in real time includes the AC-DC output voltage and current of the rectifier unit, the total radiant light intensity Sref of the photovoltaic power generation system, the surface temperature Tref, the DC-DC output voltage and power, the DC side voltage and power, the DC side voltage and power of the bidirectional inverter unit, and the DC-DC output voltage, power and state of charge of the energy storage device; the power flow control information collected by the integrated automation subsystem of each traction substation Unified power flow controller for real-time operating voltage and power upload of DC side power output devices of substations.
采用本技术方案的有益效果：The beneficial effects of adopting this technical solution:
本发明在现有中央综合监控中心实施，在牵引变电所设置的各功率可调装置本地控制器完成直流母线电压的一次调节，减小电压波动，使其在正常运行范围内。在传统的中央综合监控中心现有功能基础之上，通过城轨交通线路各牵引变电所综合自动化子系统将各牵引变电所整流机组、逆变回馈装置、直流牵引侧的光伏发电系统、储能装置、及取代整流机组和逆变回馈装置的双向逆变机组的运行参数进行采集，通过RTU经通信网络上传至中央综合监控中心的统一潮流控制器，在满足全线牵引变电所各能量输出装置正常运行功率、电压、荷电限值等各约束条件下，以全线线路损耗和电压波动最小为目标，通过统一潮流控制器对系统中各功率可调装置的功率输出进行优化，并将其作为参考功率输入到各功率可调装置的底层控制器，实现直流牵引供电系统全线统一潮流控制管理，完成直流牵引网各节点功率、电压的二次调节。根据每日列车运行计划进行牵引供电计算获取日负荷曲线，根据天气历史数据预测和新能源发电历史数据预测新能源日发电量曲线，优化潮流计算，确定不同时段可调功率装置的功率输出计划，储能装置的预充放电计划，按照一定的计划时间强制输入统一潮流控制器完成三次调节。改变了现有城轨直流牵引网的功率分布和牵引变电所母线电压不可调、不可控的现状。通过分层调节，实现本地控制器对牵引变电所直流母线电压的调节；统一潮流控制器对全网功率分配和电压的协调控制，实现直流牵引网的最优潮流分配，使得牵引网功率损耗最小、电压波动最小，改善牵引网电压水平，使得每一处列车取流尽可能由两侧牵引变电所提供，避免跨所供电带来额外的功率损失和杂散电流路径的增长，减小牵引网电压的波动和钢轨电位；经济调度计划，确定不同时段可调功率装置的功率输出计划，储能装置的预充放电计划，高效利用光伏发电系统，避免弃光，同时有计划地到削峰填谷、稳定网压作用，实现经济和环保调度。The invention is implemented in the existing central comprehensive monitoring center, and the local controller of each power adjustable device set in the traction substation completes the primary adjustment of the DC bus voltage, reduces the voltage fluctuation, and makes it within the normal operation range. On the basis of the existing functions of the traditional central comprehensive monitoring center, the rectifier units, inverter feedback devices, photovoltaic power generation systems on the DC traction side of each traction substation, The operation parameters of the energy storage device and the bidirectional inverter unit that replace the rectifier unit and the inverter feedback device are collected, and uploaded to the unified power flow controller of the central comprehensive monitoring center through the RTU through the communication network. Under the constraints of the normal operating power, voltage, and charge limit of the output device, with the goal of minimizing line loss and voltage fluctuation across the line, the power output of each power adjustable device in the system is optimized through a unified power flow controller, and the It is used as a reference power input to the bottom controller of each power adjustable device to realize the unified power flow control and management of the entire DC traction power supply system, and complete the secondary regulation of the power and voltage of each node of the DC traction network. According to the daily train operation plan, the traction power supply is calculated to obtain the daily load curve, the new energy daily power generation curve is predicted according to the weather historical data forecast and the new energy power generation historical data, the power flow calculation is optimized, and the power output plan of the adjustable power device in different periods is determined. The pre-charge and discharge plan of the energy storage device is forced to enter the unified power flow controller according to a certain planned time to complete three adjustments. The power distribution of the existing urban rail DC traction network and the current situation that the bus voltage of the traction substation is not adjustable and controllable are changed. Through layered adjustment, the local controller can adjust the DC bus voltage of the traction substation; the unified power flow controller can coordinate the power distribution and voltage control of the whole network to realize the optimal power flow distribution of the DC traction network, so that the power loss of the traction network is reduced. Minimize voltage fluctuations, improve the voltage level of the traction network, make the current of each train provided by the traction substations on both sides as much as possible, avoid additional power loss and stray current path growth caused by power supply across the train, reduce The fluctuation of the traction network voltage and the rail potential; the economic dispatch plan, determine the power output plan of the adjustable power device at different time periods, the pre-charge and discharge plan of the energy storage device, the efficient use of the photovoltaic power generation system, avoid the abandonment of light, and at the same time plan to cut Peak filling and valley filling, stabilizing network pressure, and realizing economical and environmentally friendly scheduling.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的城轨交通光伏储能牵引供电的统一潮流控制系统的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of a unified power flow control system for urban rail transit photovoltaic energy storage traction power supply of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例中城轨交通光伏储能牵引供电的统一潮流控制系统的结构示意图的控制拓扑图；2 is a control topology diagram of a schematic structural diagram of a unified power flow control system for urban rail transit photovoltaic energy storage traction power supply in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例中城轨交通光伏储能牵引供电的统一潮流控制方法的流程示意图。3 is a schematic flowchart of a unified power flow control method for photovoltaic energy storage traction power supply for urban rail transit in an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面结合附图对本发明作进一步阐述。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
在本实施例中，参见图1和图2所示，本发明提出了城轨交通光伏储能牵引供电的统一潮流控制系统，包括具有光伏储能供电的城轨交通牵引供电系统直流牵引供电网络中的功率不可调节装置和功率可调节装置，参与一次调节的各牵引变电所功率可调装置控制器，参与二次调节的统一潮流控制器，参与三次调节的经济调度计划控制器，牵引变电所综合自动化子系统，中央综合监控系统，以及通信网络；所述直流牵引供电网络与牵引变电所综合自动化子系统通信连接，所述牵引变电所综合自动化子系统连接至通信网络；所述通信网络向参与一次调节的各牵引变电所功率可调装置控制器传递信号，所述参与一次调节的各牵引变电所功率可调装置控制器向直流牵引供电网络中的功率不可调节装置和功率可调节装置传递信号；在所述通信网络上还连接有中央综合监控中心，所述中央综合监控中心包括中央综合监控系统，参与二次调节的统一潮流控制器，以及在所述参与二次调节的统一潮流控制器的上连接有参与三次调节的经济调度计划控制器；In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the present invention proposes a unified power flow control system for urban rail transit photovoltaic energy storage traction power supply, including a DC traction power supply network for urban rail transit traction power supply system with photovoltaic energy storage power supply The power non-adjustable device and the power adjustable device in the medium, the power adjustable device controller of each traction substation participating in the primary adjustment, the unified power flow controller participating in the secondary adjustment, the economic dispatch plan controller participating in the tertiary adjustment, and the traction transformer. The integrated automation subsystem of the power station, the central integrated monitoring system, and the communication network; the DC traction power supply network is communicatively connected to the integrated automation subsystem of the traction substation, and the integrated automation subsystem of the traction substation is connected to the communication network; The communication network transmits signals to the controllers of the power adjustable devices of each traction substation participating in the one-time adjustment, and the controllers of the power adjustable devices of each traction substation participating in the one-time adjustment send signals to the non-adjustable power devices in the DC traction power supply network. and the power adjustable device to transmit signals; a central comprehensive monitoring center is also connected to the communication network, and the central comprehensive monitoring center includes a central comprehensive monitoring system, a unified power flow controller that participates in secondary regulation, and The upper part of the unified power flow controller of the secondary regulation is connected with the economic dispatch planning controller that participates in the third regulation;
一次调节通过各牵引变电所功率可调装置的本地控制器完成，调节范围在本节点的电压波动在正常运行范围之内；The one-time adjustment is completed by the local controller of the power adjustable device of each traction substation, and the adjustment range is within the normal operating range of the voltage fluctuation of this node;
二次调节通过城轨交通线路各牵引变电所综合自动化子系统对牵引变电所各功率不可调装置和功率可调装置的运行参数进行采集潮流控制信息，将所述潮流控制信息通过通信网络上传至中央综合监控中心的统一潮流控制器，对各牵引变电所功率可调装置进行统一的功率潮流分配管理控制，调整一次调节的参考值，减小直流电压偏差，实现直流牵引网最优潮流；The secondary regulation collects the power flow control information from the operation parameters of the power non-adjustable devices and power adjustable devices of the traction substations through the integrated automation subsystem of each traction substation of the urban rail transit line, and transmits the power flow control information through the communication network. The unified power flow controller uploaded to the central comprehensive monitoring center performs unified power flow distribution management and control for the power adjustable devices of each traction substation, adjusts the reference value of the primary adjustment, reduces the DC voltage deviation, and realizes the optimal DC traction network. trend;
三次调节是根据每日列车运行计划进行牵引供电计算获取日负荷曲线，根据天气历史数据预测和新能源发电历史数据预测新能源日发电量曲线，优化潮流计算，确定不同时段可调功率装置的功率输出计划，通过统一潮流控制器调节，实现经济和环保调度。The third adjustment is to calculate the daily load curve according to the daily train operation plan, predict the daily power generation curve of new energy according to the historical weather data forecast and the historical data of new energy power generation, optimize the power flow calculation, and determine the power of the adjustable power device at different time periods. The output plan is regulated by a unified power flow controller to achieve economical and environmentally friendly scheduling.
作为上述实施例的优化方案，所述牵引变电所综合自动化子系统包括采集模块和RTU模块，采集沿线各牵引变电所的包括功率不可调装置和功率可调装置实时运行电压、功率和各种状态参数，并经通信网络上传至中央综合监控中心的统一潮流控制系统；所述采集的潮流控制信息包括全线牵引变电所整流机组直流侧实时输出功率、电压，在直流牵引侧并网的光伏发电系统输出功率、电压，储能装置的放电功率、充电功率、电压与荷电状态等，逆变装置的电压、逆变回馈的功率、电压，以及双向逆变机组的整流输出功率或逆变回馈功率以及电压。As an optimization scheme of the above-mentioned embodiment, the integrated automation subsystem of the traction substation includes a collection module and an RTU module, and collects the real-time operating voltage, power and various parameters of each traction substation along the line, including the power non-adjustable device and the power adjustable device. state parameters, and uploaded to the unified power flow control system of the central comprehensive monitoring center through the communication network; the collected power flow control information includes the real-time output power and voltage of the DC side of the rectifier units of the traction substations of the whole line, and the grid-connected power flow at the DC traction side. The output power and voltage of the photovoltaic power generation system, the discharge power, charging power, voltage and state of charge of the energy storage device, the voltage of the inverter device, the power and voltage of the inverter feedback, and the rectified output power or reverse power of the bidirectional inverter unit Variable feedback power and voltage.
所述功率不可调节装置包括各牵引变电所的整流机组、在牵引变电所直流牵引侧并网的车辆段或停车场的光伏储能发电系统；所述功率可调节装置包括储能装置、逆变回馈装置、以及双向逆变机组。The power non-adjustable device includes a rectifier unit of each traction substation, a vehicle depot or a parking lot connected to the grid on the DC traction side of the traction substation; the power adjustable device includes an energy storage device, Inverter feedback device, and bidirectional inverter unit.
所述功率可调节装置包括本地控制器，通过各自牵引变电所的功率可调节装置的本地控制器根据功率-电压特性曲线实现一次调节，调整直流母线电压波动，使其在正常运行范围内；The power adjustable device includes a local controller, and the local controller of the power adjustable device of the respective traction substation realizes one-time adjustment according to the power-voltage characteristic curve, and adjusts the DC bus voltage fluctuation so that it is within the normal operating range;
所述功率可调节装置的本地控制器，在一次调节的基础上，为统一潮流控制器二次调节的执行者；统一潮流控制器最优潮流计算输出的目标功率通过中央综合监控中心通信网络下传至该功率可调节装置的本地控制器，将目标功率作为本地控制器的参考功率，调整该功率调节装置的输出功率使其达到目标值，实现全线直流牵引网功率可调装置的统一调整，达到全线直流牵引网损耗最小、电压波动最小的目标，最终实现直流牵引供电系统全线统一潮流控制管理。The local controller of the power adjustable device is the executor of the secondary adjustment of the unified power flow controller on the basis of the primary adjustment; the target power output by the optimal power flow calculation of the unified power flow controller passes through the communication network of the central comprehensive monitoring center. It is transmitted to the local controller of the power adjustment device, and the target power is used as the reference power of the local controller, and the output power of the power adjustment device is adjusted to reach the target value, so as to realize the unified adjustment of the power adjustment devices of the entire DC traction network. To achieve the goal of minimum loss and minimum voltage fluctuation of the DC traction network across the line, and finally realize the unified power flow control and management of the entire DC traction power supply system.
作为上述实施例的优化方案，所述统一潮流控制器，实现直流牵引网潮流的二次调节；各牵引变电所综合自动化子系统通过RTU模块将全线各牵引变电所直流侧功率输出装置的实时运行电压、功率上传统一潮流控制器，统一潮流控制器以直流牵引网功率损耗最小、电压波动最小为目标，施加各功率可调装置输出容量限值、工作电压限值、储能装置荷电限值作为约束条件，制定能量分配策略，进行最优潮流计算，确定各牵引变电所功率可调节装置的目标功率输出；实现整流机组的最优功率输出，达到全线牵引变电所直流输出电压波动最小，功率潮流按最短路径分配，使全线直流牵引供电网络线路压损和功率损耗最小，经济技术指标最优。As an optimization scheme of the above embodiment, the unified power flow controller realizes the secondary regulation of the power flow of the DC traction network; the integrated automation subsystem of each traction substation uses the RTU module to adjust the power flow of the DC side power output devices of the traction substations across the line. Real-time operating voltage and power are uploaded to the unified power flow controller. The unified power flow controller aims to minimize the power loss and voltage fluctuation of the DC traction network, and imposes the output capacity limit, working voltage limit, and charge of the energy storage device of each power adjustable device. The limit value is used as a constraint condition to formulate an energy distribution strategy, calculate the optimal power flow, and determine the target power output of the power adjustable devices of each traction substation; realize the optimal power output of the rectifier unit, and achieve the DC output voltage of the traction substation across the line. The fluctuation is the smallest, and the power flow is distributed according to the shortest path, so that the line pressure loss and power loss of the entire DC traction power supply network are minimized, and the economic and technical indicators are optimal.
作为上述实施例的优化方案，所述经济调度计划控制器，根据每日列车运行计划进行牵引供电计算获取日负荷曲线，根据天气历史数据预测和新能源发电历史数据预测新能源日发电量曲线，优化潮流计算，确定不同时段可调功率装置的功率输出计划，储能装置的预充放电计划，按照一定的计划时间强制输入统一潮流控制器进行调节，高效利用光伏发电系统，避免弃光，通过全线功率可调装置的功率控制，起到削峰填谷、稳定网压作用，实现经济和环保调度。As an optimization scheme of the above-mentioned embodiment, the economic dispatch plan controller performs traction power supply calculation according to the daily train operation plan to obtain the daily load curve, and predicts the new energy daily power generation curve according to the historical weather data forecast and the historical data of new energy power generation, Optimize the power flow calculation, determine the power output plan of the adjustable power device at different time periods, the pre-charge and discharge plan of the energy storage device, and force the input into the unified power flow controller for adjustment according to a certain planned time. The power control of the power adjustable device on the whole line plays the role of shaving peaks and filling valleys, stabilizing the grid pressure, and realizing economical and environmentally friendly dispatching.
为配合本发明方法的实现，基于相同的发明构思，如图3所示，本发明还提供了城轨交通光伏储能牵引供电的统一潮流控制方法，包括步骤：In order to cooperate with the realization of the method of the present invention, based on the same inventive concept, as shown in FIG. 3 , the present invention also provides a unified power flow control method for photovoltaic energy storage traction power supply for urban rail transit, including the steps:
S100，数据的采集与传输：在牵引变电所综合自动化子系统内完成实时数据的采集采集潮流控制信息，通过远程终端系统RTU经通信网络传输至中央综合监控中心的统一潮流控制器；S100, data collection and transmission: complete real-time data collection and collection of power flow control information in the integrated automation subsystem of the traction substation, and transmit it to the unified power flow controller of the central comprehensive monitoring center through the remote terminal system RTU through the communication network;
S200，二次调节中统一潮流控制：根据所采集潮流控制信息，在统一潮流控制器中以直流牵引网功率损耗最小、电压波动最小为目标，施加各功率可调装置输出容量限值、工作电压限值、储能装置荷电限值约束条件，制定能量分配策略，进行最优潮流计算，对各牵引变电所功率可调装置进行统一的功率潮流分配管理控制，确定各牵引变电所功率可调节装置的目标功率输出，通过通信网络下传至功率可调装置本地控制器，目标功率作为一次调节的参考值，减小直流电压偏差；实现整流机组的最优功率输出，达到全线牵引变电所直流输出电压波动最小，功率潮流按最短路径分配，使全线直流牵引供电网络线路压损和功率损耗最小，经济技术指标最优；S200, unified power flow control in secondary regulation: According to the collected power flow control information, in the unified power flow controller, aiming at the minimum power loss and minimum voltage fluctuation of the DC traction network, the output capacity limit and working voltage of each power adjustable device are applied. Limits, energy storage device charge limit constraints, formulate energy distribution strategies, perform optimal power flow calculations, carry out unified power flow distribution management and control for power adjustable devices of each traction substation, and determine the power of each traction substation The target power output of the adjustable device is downloaded to the local controller of the power adjustable device through the communication network, and the target power is used as the reference value of the primary adjustment to reduce the DC voltage deviation; to achieve the optimal power output of the rectifier unit, and achieve the full line of traction transformers. The DC output voltage fluctuation of the power station is the smallest, and the power flow is distributed according to the shortest path, so that the line pressure loss and power loss of the entire DC traction power supply network are minimized, and the economic and technical indicators are optimal;
S300，三次调节中经济调度计划：根据每日列车运行计划进行牵引供电计算获取日负荷曲线，根据天气历史数据预测和新能源发电历史数据预测新能源日发电量曲线，优化潮流计算，确定不同时段可调功率装置的功率输出计划，储能装置的预充放电计划，按照一定的计划时间强制输入统一潮流控制器进行调节；高效利用光伏发电系统，避免弃光，通过全线功率可调装置的功率控制，起到削峰填谷、稳定网压作用，实现经济和环保调度；S300, economic dispatch plan in the third adjustment: according to the daily train operation plan, the traction power supply is calculated to obtain the daily load curve, the new energy daily power generation curve is predicted according to the weather historical data forecast and the new energy power generation historical data, the power flow calculation is optimized, and different time periods are determined The power output plan of the adjustable power device and the pre-charge and discharge plan of the energy storage device are forced to enter the unified power flow controller for adjustment according to a certain planned time; the photovoltaic power generation system is efficiently used to avoid the abandonment of light, and the power of the entire line of power adjustable devices can be adjusted. Control, play the role of shaving peaks and filling valleys, stabilizing network pressure, and realizing economic and environmental protection scheduling;
S400，一次调节中功率可调装置控制：通过各自本地控制器根据功率-电压特性曲线实现一次调节，调整直流母线电压波动，使其在正常运行范围内；同时，统一潮流控制器优化后得到的目标功率作为参考功率分别传输至各功率可调装置控制器，控制器调整输出，使其达到目标功率，完成二次调节，最终实现全线功率可调，完成线路损耗最小、电压波动最小的控制目标，若两牵引变电所间电压差值为零，则可保证负荷仅由该相邻变电所供电，避免跨所供电造成电流通路流经路径增长，线路损耗增大，杂散电流的路径增长带来钢轨电位升高以及对周围金属管线的电腐蚀。S400, power adjustable device control in one-time adjustment: realize one-time adjustment according to the power-voltage characteristic curve through the respective local controllers, adjust the DC bus voltage fluctuation to make it within the normal operating range; at the same time, the unified power flow controller is optimized to obtain The target power is transmitted as the reference power to the controllers of each power adjustable device respectively. The controller adjusts the output to make it reach the target power, completes the secondary adjustment, and finally realizes the power adjustment of the whole line, and achieves the control goals of minimum line loss and minimum voltage fluctuation. , if the voltage difference between the two traction substations is zero, it can ensure that the load is only powered by the adjacent substation, avoiding the increase of the current path flowing through the power supply, the increase of line loss, and the path of stray current. The growth brings about a rise in rail potential and galvanic corrosion to surrounding metal lines.
其中，实时采集的潮流控制信息包括整流机组AC-DC输出电压和电流，光伏发电系统总辐射光照强度Sref，表面温度Tref，DC-DC输出电压和功率，逆变回馈装置直流侧电压和功率，双向逆变机组直流侧电压和功率，以及储能装置DC-DC输出电压、功率及荷电状态；各牵引变电所综合自动化子系统所采集的潮流控制信息通过RTU模块将全线各牵引变电所直流侧功率输出装置的实时运行电压、功率上传统一潮流控制器。Among them, the power flow control information collected in real time includes the AC-DC output voltage and current of the rectifier unit, the total radiant light intensity Sref of the photovoltaic power generation system, the surface temperature Tref, the DC-DC output voltage and power, the DC side voltage and power of the inverter feedback device, The DC side voltage and power of the bidirectional inverter unit, as well as the DC-DC output voltage, power and state of charge of the energy storage device; the power flow control information collected by the integrated automation subsystem of each traction substation is transmitted to all traction substations on the entire line through the RTU module. The real-time operating voltage and power of all DC side power output devices are uploaded to the unified power flow controller.
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the descriptions in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description are only to illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have Various changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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