CN110502809B - Design method of overhead transmission line engineering tree felling map - Google Patents
Design method of overhead transmission line engineering tree felling map Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method of an overhead transmission line engineering tree felling map, which comprises the following steps: acquiring an original table of tree cutting width data and a tower detail table; calculating the cutting width of the trees outside the edge wire based on the original table of the tree cutting width data and the tower detail table; calculating the cross arm length of each tower position based on the tower detail table and the cross arm lengths of different tower types; adding the length of the cross arm by tower positions and the cutting width of the trees outside the side wires to obtain the cutting width of the trees outside the center line by gear of all the trees; drawing a plan view of the stepped tree cutting width interval of the needed tree species based on the step-by-step central line external cutting width data; the tree cutting construction drawing is completed according to the tree information of the plan, the coordinate drawing of the tree cutting width interval can be drawn, and the efficiency and the precision of field work are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a design method of an overhead transmission line engineering tree felling map, and belongs to the technical field of transmission engineering design.
Background
The large overhead transmission line engineering line path is long, the routing related area is wide, forest zones, street trees, sporadic trees and the like are often required to be crossed on line edges, if all trees along the line are designed according to cutting channels, a large number of trees are cut down, ecological environment damage is caused, if the whole line is designed according to high-span trees, the height of a tower is greatly increased, the engineering cost is greatly increased, therefore, a design scheme combining cutting and crossing is often adopted through technical and economic comparison during the engineering design of the overhead transmission line, a tree cutting diagram is generally required to be designed according to the design scheme, and the tree cutting diagram is used for guiding an engineering construction unit to cut trees which do not meet the requirements of crossing or windage yaw clearance. The traditional tree felling graph design generally adopts a method of drawing a windage yaw section graph step by step and then manually drawing a step-shaped tree felling interval graph step by step according to the vertical distance and the clearance distance between a conducting wire and a tree in the windage yaw section.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a design method of an overhead transmission line engineering tree felling map, which aims to overcome the defects that in the prior art, the efficiency is extremely low, multiple designers are required to participate in design at the same time, a large amount of labor and time are consumed, and the design standards of the whole construction map are not uniform due to different scales grasped by different designers during manual drawing.
A design method of an engineering tree felling map of an overhead transmission line comprises the following steps:
1) acquiring an original table of tree cutting width data and a tower detail table;
2) calculating the cutting width of the trees outside the edge wire based on the original table of the tree cutting width data and the tower detail table;
3) calculating the cross arm length of each tower position based on the tower detail table and the cross arm lengths of different tower types;
4) adding the length of the cross arm by tower positions and the cutting width of the trees outside the side wires to obtain the cutting width of the trees outside the center line by gear of all the trees;
5) drawing a plan view of the stepped tree cutting width interval of the needed tree species based on the step-by-step central line external cutting width data;
6) and finishing the tree felling construction drawing according to the tree information of the plan.
Preferably, the establishment of the tree felling width data original table comprises the following steps:
101) converting the calculation formula of the tree cutting width outside the edge wire for wire crossing, wire windage yaw and tree dumping control into a calculation formula of the tree cutting width outside the edge wire in EXCEL;
102) calculating the maximum tree felling width outside the edge wire for wire crossing, wire windage yaw and tree toppling control through a maximum function in the EXCEL;
103) and obtaining the original table of the tree felling width data outside the edge conductor of different conductor suspension point heights and different conductor sags through 'dragging' in the EXCEL.
Preferably, the method for calculating the original table of the felling width data of the trees outside the edge line comprises the following steps:
setting the natural growth height of an input data tree as h, setting the vertical distance required by a circuit to cross the tree as s1, the clearance distance required by a circuit windage yaw to the tree as s2, the power frequency overvoltage distance required by the tree to topple over to a wire as s3, and the cutting width required by the wire to cross the tree as L0;
setting the height of a suspension point of a variable data wire as y and the sag of the wire as f; setting the tree cutting width controlled by crossing of the lead wire in the middle calculation result to be L1, the tree cutting width controlled by windage yaw of the lead wire to be L2 and the tree cutting width controlled by toppling of the tree to be L3;
The maximum tree felling width outside the edge wire for wire crossing, wire windage yaw and tree dumping control is L, and the calculation formula in EXCEL is as follows:
L1＝IF(y-f-h-s1＝>0,0,L0)
L2＝IF(((f+s2)^2-(y-h)^2)>0,((f+s2)^2-(y-h)^2))^0.5,0)
L3＝IF((h+s3)^2-(y-f)^2>0,((h+s3)^2-(y-f)^2)^0.5,0)
L＝MAX(L1,L2,L3)；
and acquiring a tree felling width data original table outside the edge conductor with different conductor suspension point heights and different conductor sag through 'dragging' operation in the EXCEL.
Preferably, in the step 1), each gear is equally divided into n sections by the tower detail table, and the equivalent suspension point height and sag of the lowest point of each section are calculated gear by gear; setting the height of the tower position of a certain gear rear tower derived from the finished plane section positioning diagram as h11, the height of a wire suspension point as h12 and the string length as l 1; the height of the tower position of the front tower is h21, the height of the wire suspension point is h22, and the string length is l 2; the span between the rear tower and the front tower is L, the sag coefficient value of the gear is K, the gear is segmented into n sections, wherein the height of the equivalent wire suspension point of the mth section is hm, the sag of the wire is fm, and the adopted EXCEL calculation formula is as follows:
hm＝INT(h12+(h22-h12)*(m/n)-(h11+(h21-h11)*(m/n)))
fm＝ROUND((L-L*(m/n))*(L*(m/n))*K+l1*(1-(m/n))+l2*((m/n)),0)。
preferably, the obtained equivalent wire suspension point height hm and the obtained wire sag are fm, and a tree cutting width value of the mth section of each file is obtained by querying a tree cutting width data original table by using a row query function in EXCEL.
Preferably, the tree cutting width of the mth section of each gear is added to the length of the longest wire cross arm of the gear to obtain a tree cutting width value outside the central line, and tree cutting width data of each section of each gear of the whole line is obtained through dragging operation in EXCEL, wherein the tree cutting width data of each section corresponds to the mileage starting point of the section in the gear one to one.
Preferably, the tree information of the plan comprises tree distribution positions, tree species and density, the range of the trees to be actually felled is drawn by levels according to the information of the tree distribution positions, the tree species and the density, the number of the trees to be felled is counted and input into any tower, an 'n' section tree felling width table determined by a certain level is obtained, and the tree felling construction diagram is formed by levels.
Preferably, the method further comprises the steps of calculating the azimuth angle tower by tower according to the coordinates of the tower position of each base, drawing a coordinate graph of the tree cutting interval by rotating and translating the graph of the tree cutting interval according to the coordinates and the azimuth angle of the tower position of each base, and importing the graph into a GPS positioning instrument or a mobile phone positioning program for site confirmation and generation of tree cutting.
Preferably, the azimuth angle is calculated tower by tower according to the tower position coordinates, the knee point coordinates of the tree cutting width step interval obtained by rotating and translating the data of the cutting width outside the central line of the gear are set as (x1, y1) after a certain gear, as (x2, y2) before a certain gear, as alpha, as (xm1, ym1) the knee point coordinates of a tree cutting width step interval to be rotated and translated from the rear tower to the front gear, as (xm2, ym2) the knee point coordinates of the tree cutting width step interval after the rotation translation are (xm2, ym2), and the calculation formula adopted in the EXCEL is as follows:
α＝atan((y2-y1)/(x2-x1))
xm2＝xm1*cos(α)-ym1*sin(α)+x1
ym2＝ym1*cos(α)+xm1*sin(α)+y1。
Preferably, the obtained inflection point coordinates (xm2, ym2) are used for drawing a tree felling width interval coordinate graph through drawing software.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the geometric relation, the calculation of the cutting width of trees outside the edge wire for wire crossing, wire windage yaw and tree dumping control is formulated, the batch calculation of the off-center line cutting width of each tree of the whole line can be realized by using design data derived from a formula and a plane positioning diagram, and the steps of drawing windage yaw section diagrams and manually drawing tree cutting interval diagrams by designers in a gear-by-gear manner are omitted. Drawing a stepped tree cutting width interval diagram of a needed tree species in batches in a gear-by-gear manner in the AUTOCAD by using a drawing command of the AUTOCAD and gear-by-gear off-center cutting width data in the EXCEL, greatly improving the diagram forming efficiency, saving the number of designers invested in the tree cutting diagram, shortening the design period and improving the drawing accuracy of the tree cutting diagram; the invention can also draw the coordinate graph of the tree cutting interval by rotating and translating the tree cutting interval graph according to the coordinate and the azimuth angle of each base tower position, and the graph is imported into a GPS positioning instrument or a mobile phone positioning program and can be used for site confirmation and generation of tree cutting, thereby improving the efficiency and the precision of site work.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a table of the original cut width of a tree according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is data of the step-by-step off-centerline tree felling width of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial screenshot of character data for AUTOCAD batch drawing calculated in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial screenshot of a full-line step-by-step tree felling interval plot according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a first file map of a tree fell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial screenshot of a graph of a full-line tree felling interval plot according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for designing a tree felling map for overhead transmission line engineering, the method comprises the following steps:
and 7, finishing the tree felling construction drawing according to the tree information of the plan.
The specific establishment of the original table of the data of the felling width of the tree comprises the following steps:
101) converting the calculation formula of the tree cutting width outside the edge wire for wire crossing, wire windage yaw and tree dumping control into a calculation formula of the tree cutting width outside the edge wire in EXCEL;
102) calculating the maximum tree felling width outside the wire under three control factors of wire crossing, wire windage yaw and tree toppling control through a maximum function in the EXCEL;
103) and obtaining the original table of the tree felling width data outside the edge conductor of different conductor suspension point heights and different conductor sags through 'dragging' in the EXCEL.
Specifically, in the step 1, the natural growth height of the input data tree is set to be h, the vertical distance required by a circuit to cross the tree is s1, the clearance distance required by a circuit windage yaw to the tree is s2, the power frequency overvoltage distance required by the tree to topple over to a wire is s3, and the cutting width required by the wire to cross the tree is L0; setting the height of a suspension point of a variable data wire as y and the sag of the wire as f; setting the tree cutting width controlled by crossing of the lead wire in the middle calculation result to be L1, the tree cutting width controlled by windage yaw of the lead wire to be L2 and the tree cutting width controlled by toppling of the tree to be L3; the felling width of trees outside the largest edge wire under three control factors of wire crossing, wire windage yaw and tree toppling control is L, and the calculation formula in the EXCEL is as follows:
L1＝IF(y-f-h-s1＝>0,0,L0)
L2＝IF(((f+s2)^2-(y-h)^2)>0,((f+s2)^2-(y-h)^2))^0.5,0)
L3＝IF((h+s3)^2-(y-f)^2>0,((h+s3)^2-(y-f)^2)^0.5,0)
L＝MAX(L1,L2,L3)
By utilizing the formula, furthermore, the original table of the tree felling width data outside the side wires with different wire suspension point heights and different wire sag can be quickly obtained through the 'dragging' operation in the EXCEL. Partial screenshots of the tree cutting width data original table are shown in fig. 2, wherein the first column of data is the hanging point height value of the conducting wire, the first row of data is the sag value of the conducting wire, and the rest of data is the maximum tree cutting width outside the edge conducting wire under three control factors.
Specifically, in step 2, the tower height of a certain tower gear, which is derived from the finished plane section positioning diagram, is set to be h11, the height of a wire suspension point is set to be h12, and the string length is set to be l 1; the elevation of the tower position of the front tower is h21, the elevation of the suspension point of the lead is h22, and the string length is l 2; the span between the rear tower and the front tower is L, the sag coefficient value of the gear is K, the gear is segmented into n sections, wherein the height of the equivalent wire suspension point of the mth section is hm, the sag of the wire is fm, and the adopted EXCEL calculation formula is as follows:
hm＝INT(h12+(h22-h12)*(m/n)-(h11+(h21-h11)*(m/n)))
fm＝ROUND((L-L*(m/n))*(L*(m/n))*K+l1*(1-(m/n))+l2*((m/n)),0)
specifically, hm and fm calculated by the formula in step 3 are used, and the original table of the tree cutting width data obtained in step 1 is queried by using a row query function in EXCEL, so that the value of the cutting width of the mth section of each tree can be obtained.
Specifically, in the steps 4 and 5, the tree cutting width of the mth section of each section is added to the length of the longest wire cross arm of the section, so that a tree cutting width value outside the central line can be obtained, and the tree cutting width data of each section of the whole line can be quickly obtained through the 'dragging' operation in the EXCEL, wherein the tree cutting width data of each section corresponds to the mileage starting point of the section in the section one to one, as shown in fig. 3.
Specifically, in step 6, using a character processing function in EXCEL, the inflection points of the step intervals formed by different mileage and different tree felling width data are processed into a coordinate form, where the data before comma in each set of coordinates is a mileage value, and the data after comma is a tree felling width value. The character data for AUTOCAD batch drawing of each full line can be quickly obtained through the 'dragging' operation in the EXCEL, and a partial screenshot of the character data is shown in FIG. 4; further, the character data are entirely copied into the AUTOCAD command bar, and step-shaped tree cutting width interval diagrams at various tree natural growth heights required by the whole line are drawn in batch, and the result is shown in FIG. 5.
Specifically, in step 7, the range of the trees to be actually felled is drawn by stages according to information such as the tree distribution position, the tree species and the density of the plan, the number of the trees to be felled is counted, a designer can input the number of the tower at will, a certain stage is immediately obtained according to the 'n' section tree felling width table determined in step 2, and the tree felling construction diagram is formed by stages, as shown in fig. 6.
Specifically, the method also comprises the steps of calculating the azimuth angle tower by tower according to the coordinates of the tower position of each base, drawing a coordinate graph of the tree cutting interval by rotating and translating the tree cutting interval graph according to the tower position coordinates and the azimuth angle of each base, the map is imported with a GPS positioning instrument or a mobile phone positioning program for site confirmation and generation of tree felling, calculating azimuth angles tower by tower according to tower position coordinates, setting the coordinate of the inflection point of the tree cutting width step interval obtained in the rotating and translating step 5 as (x1, y1) after a certain tower is set, the coordinate of the tower position of the front tower is (x2, y2), the azimuth angle of the rear tower is alpha, the coordinate of the inflection point of the tree cutting width step interval to be rotated and translated in the rear tower to the front tower is (xm1, ym1), the coordinate of the inflection point of the tree cutting width step interval after the rotating and translating is (xm2, ym2), and the calculation formula adopted in EXCEL is as follows:
α＝atan((y2-y1)/(x2-x1))
xm2＝xm1*cos(α)-ym1*sin(α)+x1
ym2 ═ ym1 ═ cos (α) + xm1 × sin (α) + y 1; further, a graph of the tree felling width interval coordinate is drawn in AUTOCAD through the inflection point coordinate (xm1, ym1), as shown in FIG. 7; furthermore, the graph is imported into a GPS positioning instrument or a mobile phone positioning program and can be used for site confirmation and work of tree felling, the coordinate graph is imported into the GPS positioning instrument, and whether the site trees are located in the tree felling width interval graph or not can be accurately judged on site according to the positioning condition.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A design method of an engineering tree felling map of an overhead transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) acquiring an original table of tree cutting width data and a tower detail table;
2) calculating the cutting width of the trees outside the edge wire based on the original table of the tree cutting width data and the tower detail table;
3) calculating the cross arm length of each tower position based on the tower detail table and the cross arm lengths of different tower types;
4) Adding the length of the cross arm by tower positions and the cutting width of the trees outside the side wires to obtain the cutting width of the trees outside the center line by gear of all the trees;
5) drawing a plan view of the stepped tree cutting width interval of the needed tree species based on the step-by-step central line external cutting width data;
6) completing a tree felling construction drawing according to the tree information of the plan;
in the step 1), each gear in the tower detail list is equally divided into n sections, and the equivalent suspension point height and sag of the lowest point of each section are calculated gear by gear; setting the height of the tower position of a certain tower from the positioning diagram of the flat section as h11, the height of the suspension point of the lead as h12 and the string length as l 1; the tower height of the front tower is h 21; the height of a wire suspension point is h22, and the length of the wire is l 2; the span from the rear tower to the front tower is L, the sag coefficient value of the gear is K, the gear is segmented into n sections, wherein the height of the equivalent wire suspension point of the mth section is hm, the sag of the wire is fm, and the EXCEL calculation formula is utilized as follows:
hm=INT(h12+(h22-h12)*（m/n）-(h11+(h21-h11)*（m/n）))
fm=ROUND((L-L*（m/n）)*(L*（m/n）)*K+l1*(1-（m/n）)+l2*(（m/n）),0)。
2. the method for designing the tree felling map for the overhead transmission line project according to claim 1, wherein the establishing of the original table of the tree felling width data comprises the following steps:
101) formulating the calculation formula of the tree cutting width outside the edge wire under the control of wire crossing, wire windage yaw and tree toppling, and obtaining the calculation formula of the tree cutting width outside the edge wire in EXCEL;
102) Calculating the maximum tree felling width outside the wire by the maximum function in the EXCEL, wire wind deflection and side wire of tree dumping control;
103) and obtaining the original data table of the felling width of the trees outside the edge conductors with different conductor hanging point heights and different conductor sags through 'dragging' in the EXCEL.
3. The design method of the overhead transmission line engineering tree felling map according to claim 2, characterized in that the original table of the calculated tree felling width data outside the edge conductor is obtained by the following steps:
setting the natural growth height of an input data tree as h, setting the vertical distance required by a circuit to cross the tree as s1, the clearance distance required by a circuit windage yaw to the tree as s2, the power frequency overvoltage distance required by the tree to topple over to a wire as s3, and the cutting width required by the wire to cross the tree as L0;
setting the height of a suspension point of a variable data wire as y and the sag of the wire as f;
setting the tree cutting width controlled by crossing of the lead wire in the middle calculation result to be L1, the tree cutting width controlled by windage yaw of the lead wire to be L2 and the tree cutting width controlled by toppling of the tree to be L3;
the maximum tree cutting width outside the edge wire for wire crossing, wire windage yaw and tree dumping control is L, and the calculation formula in EXCEL is as follows:
L1= IF(y-f-h-s1=>0,0,L0)
L2=IF(((f+s2)^2-(y-h)^2)>0,((f+s2)^2-(y-h)^2))^0.5,0)
L3=IF((h+s3)^2-(y-f)^2>0,((h+s3)^2-(y-f)^2)^0.5,0)
L=MAX(L1,L2,L3)；
And acquiring an original data table of tree felling widths outside the edge conductors with different conductor suspension point heights and different conductor sags through 'dragging' operation in the EXCEL.
4. The method for designing the tree felling map for the overhead transmission line project according to claim 1, wherein the obtained equivalent conductor suspension point height hm and conductor sag fm are used for obtaining the tree felling width value of the mth segment of each file by querying a tree felling width data original table through a row query function in EXCEL.
5. The method for designing the tree felling map for the overhead transmission line project according to claim 4, wherein the tree felling width of the mth section of each section is added to the length of the longest wire cross arm of the section, so as to obtain the tree felling width value outside the central line, and the tree felling width data of each section of the whole line is obtained through the dragging operation in the EXCEL, wherein the tree felling width data of each section corresponds to the mileage starting point of the section in a one-to-one manner.
6. The method for designing the tree felling map for the overhead transmission line engineering according to claim 1, wherein the tree information of the plan includes tree distribution positions, tree species and density, the information of the tree distribution positions, the tree species and the density is drawn into the range of the trees to be actually felled step by step, the number of the trees to be felled is counted and input into any tower, a 'n' section tree felling width table determined by a certain step is obtained, and the tree felling construction map is formed step by step.
7. The method for designing the tree felling map for the overhead transmission line engineering according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises calculating an azimuth angle tower by tower according to the coordinates of each base tower position, drawing a tree felling interval coordinate map by rotating and translating the tree felling interval map according to the tower position coordinates and the azimuth angle of each base, and importing the map into a GPS positioning instrument or a mobile phone positioning program for field confirmation and generation of tree felling.
8. The method for designing the tree felling map for the overhead transmission line project according to claim 7, wherein the azimuth angle is calculated tower by tower according to the tower position coordinates, the inflection point coordinates of the tree felling width step interval obtained by rotating and translating the data of the cutting width outside the central line are set as (x 1, y 1) after a certain gear, the front tower position coordinates are (x 2, y 2), the rear tower azimuth angle is α, the inflection point coordinates of one tree felling width step interval to be rotated and translated in the rear tower to the front tower gear are (xm 1, ym 1), the inflection point coordinates of the tree felling width step interval after rotating and translating are (xm 2, ym 2), and the calculation formula adopted in the EXCEL is as follows:
α=atan(（y2-y1）/(x2-x1))
xm2=xm1*cos(α)-ym1*sin(α)+x1
ym2=ym1*cos(α)+xm1*sin(α)+y1。
9. the design method of the overhead transmission line engineering tree felling map as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the obtained inflection point coordinates (xm 2, ym 2) are used for drawing a tree felling width interval coordinate map through drawing software.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102129484A (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2011-07-20 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Method and device for generating digitalized flat cross-section diagram of transmission line |
| CN103839112A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-06-04 | 北京电研华源电力技术有限公司 | Optimizing method and system of power distribution network overhead line overhaul scheme |
| CN105449586A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-03-30 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司锦州供电公司 | Corridor tree span design method of electric transmission line |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102129484A (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2011-07-20 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Method and device for generating digitalized flat cross-section diagram of transmission line |
| CN103839112A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-06-04 | 北京电研华源电力技术有限公司 | Optimizing method and system of power distribution network overhead line overhaul scheme |
| CN105449586A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-03-30 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司锦州供电公司 | Corridor tree span design method of electric transmission line |
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