CN110501678A - A kind of frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver - Google Patents
A kind of frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver Download PDFInfo
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- CN110501678A CN110501678A CN201910934262.8A CN201910934262A CN110501678A CN 110501678 A CN110501678 A CN 110501678A CN 201910934262 A CN201910934262 A CN 201910934262A CN 110501678 A CN110501678 A CN 110501678A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver, comprising: phaselocked loop, for providing local oscillation signal；Radio frequency input unit is connected with the first output end of phaselocked loop, exports intermediate-freuqncy signal for receiving the first radiofrequency signal, and after being mixed based on local oscillation signal to the first radiofrequency signal；And radio frequency output unit, it is connected with phaselocked loop second output terminal, for exporting the second radiofrequency signal based on local oscillation signal；Wherein, the working frequency of phaselocked loop is the 1/2 of rf frequency.Frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver of the invention can effectively filter out the interference at image frequency using the frequency modulated continuous wave radar of orthogonal frequency conversion, compare single-phase conversion architecture, and anti-interference ability is stronger.In addition, circuit structure is simple, area is small, at low cost, function admirable, high integration can be realized, the problem of the electrical specifications difference to occur in radar system more than silicon substrate millimetre-wave radar especially 77GHz frequency provides solution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to frequency modulated continuous wave radar technical fields.It is received and dispatched more particularly, to a kind of frequency modulated continuous wave radar
Device.
Background technique
Frequency modulated continuous wave radar (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave Rader, fmcw radar) is
Refer to the continuous wave radar that tranmitting frequency is modulated by signal specific, such as weather radar.Frequency modulated continuous wave radar can be applied to all kinds of vehicles
Load and airborne miniaturization radar, major function is can be with the distance and speed of quantitative measurment target.Frequency modulated continuous wave radar is logical
The difference for crossing the frequency for comparing any time echo-signal frequency and this moment transmitting signal obtains the range information of target, away from
From the difference on the frequency for being proportional to the two.The radial velocity and distance of target obtain after being handled by the two difference on the frequency measured.
Compared with other ranging and range rate radars, the structure of frequency modulated continuous wave radar is simpler, technical experience is relatively abundant, institute
The transmission power peak needed is lower, be easy modulation, at low cost, signal processing is simple, therefore has extensively in dual-use field
General application.
There are many kinds of frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceivers, and working frequency is from more than 20 GHz frequencies to several hundred GHz frequencies, frequency
Rate is higher, and distance resolution is higher, but signal decaying is bigger, and circuit is more difficult to design.
For the down coversion of CW with frequency modulation, frequency is monotonic increase or monotone decreasing, and single-phase down coversion knot can be used
Structure so that aliasing will not be generated, but the disadvantage is that is easy the interference by image signal.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide the frequency modulated continuous wave radar that the interference at a kind of pair of image frequency can be filtered out effectively is received
Send out device.
Summary of the invention
The frequency modulation that can be effectively filtered out the purpose of the present invention is to provide the interference at a kind of pair of image frequency is continuous
Wave radar transceiver.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
A kind of frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver, comprising:
Phaselocked loop, for providing local oscillation signal；
Radio frequency input unit is connected with the first output end of phaselocked loop, for receiving the first radiofrequency signal, and is based on local oscillator
Signal exports intermediate-freuqncy signal after being mixed to the first radiofrequency signal；And
Radio frequency output unit is connected with phaselocked loop second output terminal, for exporting the second radio frequency letter based on local oscillation signal
Number；
Wherein, the working frequency of phaselocked loop is the 1/2 of rf frequency.
One of the application frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver, using the frequency modulated continuous wave radar of orthogonal frequency conversion, to mirror
Interference at picture frequency rate can be filtered out effectively, and single-phase conversion architecture is compared, and anti-interference ability is stronger.In addition, in the application
Phase-locked loop operation is at 1/2 rf frequency, rather than directly work reduces the design difficulty of phaselocked loop in rf frequency.
Optionally, radio frequency input unit includes the one 2 frequency multiplier, the first power divider and four-way receiver, wherein
First output end of phaselocked loop is connected to the input terminal of the one 2 frequency multiplier；
The output end of one 2 frequency multiplier is connected to the input terminal of the first power divider；
Each output end of first power divider is respectively connected to the corresponding local oscillator input terminal of four-way receiver；And
First radiofrequency signal is respectively connected to the corresponding rf inputs of four-way receiver；
Wherein, the correspondence output end after radio frequency input unit is mixed the first radiofrequency signal through four-way receiver is defeated
Intermediate-freuqncy signal is corresponded to out.
Optionally, radio frequency output unit includes the 2nd 2 frequency multiplier, the second power divider and triple channel transmitter, wherein
The second output terminal of phaselocked loop is connected to the input terminal of the 2nd 2 frequency multiplier；
The output end of 2nd 2 frequency multiplier is connected to the input terminal of the second power divider；
Each output end of second power divider is respectively connected to the correspondence input terminal of triple channel transmitter；And
Each output end of triple channel output machine is for exporting corresponding second radiofrequency signal；
Optionally, phaselocked loop includes:
The first input end of phase discriminator, phase discriminator is connected to reference frequency；
The input terminal of charge pump, charge pump is connected to the output end of phase discriminator；
The input terminal of loop filter, loop filter is connected to the output end of charge pump；
Voltage controlled oscillator, the input terminal of voltage controlled oscillator are connected to the output end of loop filter, voltage controlled oscillator it is defeated
Outlet is for exporting the second radiofrequency signal；
The input terminal of 16 pre-dividers, 16 pre-dividers is connected to the output end of voltage controlled oscillator；
4/5 dual-mode frequency divider, the first input end of 4/5 dual-mode frequency divider are connected to the output end of 16 pre-dividers；
Programmable counter, the input terminal of programmable counter are connected to the output end of 4/5 dual-mode frequency divider, may be programmed meter
The output end of number device is connected to the second input terminal of phase discriminator；And
Linear frequency modulation generator, including waveform generator and Deltasigma modulator, the input terminal of waveform generator is connected to can
The output end of program counter, the output end of waveform generator are connected to the input terminal of Deltasigma modulator, Deltasigma modulator it is defeated
Outlet is connected to the second input terminal of 4/5 dual-mode frequency divider.
Optionally, four-way receiver includes four receiving channels, and each receiving channel in four receiving channels is positive
Hand over conversion architecture, comprising:
Low-noise amplifier, the input terminal of low-noise amplifier are connected to the first radiofrequency signal；
Frequency mixer, the first input end of frequency mixer are connected to the output end of low-noise amplifier, and the output end of frequency mixer is used
In output intermediate-freuqncy signal；
Driving amplifier, the input terminal of driving amplifier is for inputting local oscillation signal, the first output end of driving amplifier
It is connected to the second input terminal of frequency mixer；
90 ° of phase shifters, the input terminal of 90 ° of phase shifters are connected to the second output terminal of driving amplifier, 90 ° of phase shifters it is defeated
Outlet is connected to the third input terminal of frequency mixer.
Optionally, transceiver further includes the first power detector, and the first power detector is connected to low-noise amplifier
Output end, for detecting the size of the first radiofrequency signal.
Optionally, transceiver further includes the second power detector, and the second power detector is connected to the second power divider
Output end, for detecting the size of the second radiofrequency signal.
Optionally, transceiver further includes temperature detector, and temperature detector is used to detect the temperature of radio frequency output unit.
In the application, the temperature detector is placed near the power amplifier in transmitter, and power amplifier is to receive
The highest part of power consumption and the highest part of temperature, such temperature detector can detecte the highest of transmitter in hair system
Temperature.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver of the application, using the frequency modulated continuous wave radar of orthogonal frequency conversion, to image frequency
The interference at place can be filtered out effectively, and single-phase conversion architecture is compared, and anti-interference ability is stronger.In addition, circuit structure is simple, face
Product small, at low cost, function admirable, strong antijamming capability, can be realized high integration, be especially for silicon substrate millimetre-wave radar
The problem of the electrical specifications difference occurred in radar system more than 77GHz frequency provides solution.
Detailed description of the invention
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver configuration block diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver internal structure block diagrams a kind of in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows a kind of phase-locked loop structures block diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows a kind of receiving channel structural block diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, the present invention is done further below with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings
It is bright.Similar component is indicated in attached drawing with identical appended drawing reference.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that institute is specific below
The content of description is illustrative and be not restrictive, and should not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
Belong to " first ", " second " etc. in description and claims of this specification and above-mentioned attached drawing are for distinguishing
Different objects, is not use to describe a particular order.In addition, term " includes " and " having " and their any deformations, meaning
Figure, which is to cover, non-exclusive includes.Such as contain the process, method, system, product or equipment of a series of steps or units
It is not limited to listed step or unit, but optionally further comprising the step of not listing or unit, or optionally also
Including the gas step intrinsic for these process, methods or equipment or unit.
The application provides a kind of frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver, comprising: phaselocked loop, for providing local oscillation signal；Radio frequency
Input unit is connected with the first output end of phaselocked loop, penetrates for receiving the first radiofrequency signal, and based on local oscillation signal to first
Frequency signal exports intermediate-freuqncy signal after being mixed；And radio frequency output unit, it is connected with phaselocked loop second output terminal, for being based on
Local oscillation signal exports the second radiofrequency signal；Wherein, the working frequency of phaselocked loop is the 1/2 of rf frequency.
Specific structure is as follows:
Radio frequency input unit includes the one 2 frequency multiplier, the first power divider and four-way receiver, radio frequency input unit
Including the one 2 frequency multiplier, the first power divider and four-way receiver.First output end of phaselocked loop is connected to the one 2 times
The input terminal of frequency device；The output end of one 2 frequency multiplier is connected to the input terminal of the first power divider；First power divider
Each output end is respectively connected to the corresponding local oscillator input terminal of four-way receiver；And first radiofrequency signal be respectively connected to four-way
The corresponding rf inputs of road receiver；Wherein, through four-way after radio frequency input unit is mixed the first radiofrequency signal
The correspondence output end of receiver exports corresponding intermediate-freuqncy signal.
Radio frequency output unit includes the 2nd 2 frequency multiplier, the second power divider and triple channel transmitter, wherein phaselocked loop
Second output terminal be connected to the input terminal of the 2nd 2 frequency multiplier；The output end of 2nd 2 frequency multiplier is connected to the second power divider
Input terminal；Each output end of second power divider is respectively connected to the correspondence input terminal of triple channel transmitter；And triple channel
Each output end of output machine is for exporting corresponding second radiofrequency signal.
Frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver provided by the present application, using the frequency modulated continuous wave radar of orthogonal frequency conversion, to mirror image
Interference at frequency can be filtered out effectively, and single-phase conversion architecture is compared, and anti-interference ability is stronger.Circuit structure is simple, face
Product small, at low cost, function admirable, strong antijamming capability, can be realized high integration, be especially for silicon substrate millimetre-wave radar
The problem of the electrical specifications difference occurred in radar system more than 77GHz frequency provides solution.
It is introduced With reference to embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a kind of frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver is logical comprising four receiving channels, three transmittings
Road, phaselocked loop, power detector and temperature detector.The output end of phaselocked loop is connected to the output end of two frequency multipliers, and two
The output end of frequency multiplier is respectively connected to the input terminal of two power dividers.Four output ends of one power divider are distinguished
It is connected to the local oscillator input terminal of four receiving channels；Three output ends of another power divider are respectively connected to three transmittings
The rf inputs in channel, an output end are connected to the input terminal of power detector.
During the application is implemented, power divider is made of three Wilkinson power dividers, is designed using top-level metallic, is reduced
Impedance；Power splitter interior cabling uses CPW form, further decreases loss.
As shown in figure 3, phase-locked loop operation frequency is the 1/2 of rf frequency in the application, it include phase discriminator, charge pump, ring
Path filter, voltage controlled oscillator, 16 pre-dividers, 4/5 dual-mode frequency divider, programmable counter, waveform generator and Δ Σ
Modulator.The output end of phase discriminator is connected to the input terminal of charge pump, and the output end of charge pump is connected to the defeated of loop filter
Enter end, the output end of loop filter is connected to the input terminal of voltage controlled oscillator, and it is pre- that the output end of voltage controlled oscillator is connected to 16
The input terminal of frequency divider, the output end of 16 pre-dividers are connected to an input terminal of 4/5 dual-mode frequency divider, 4/5 bimodulus frequency dividing
The output end of device is connected to the input terminal of programmable counter, and the output end of programmable counter be connected to phase discriminator one is defeated
Enter the input terminal of end and waveform generator, reference frequency is connected to another input terminal of phase discriminator, the output of waveform generator
End is connected to the input terminal of Deltasigma modulator, and the output end of Deltasigma modulator is connected to another input of 4/5 dual-mode frequency divider
End, the output of voltage controlled oscillator are that the radio frequency of phaselocked loop exports.
In the embodiment of the present application, phase-locked loop operation is at 1/2 rf frequency, rather than directly work is in rf frequency, drop
The low design difficulty of phaselocked loop.Phase discriminator is constituted using two d type flip flops and nor gate, while using 6 pipe nor gates, makes electricity
Line structure is more symmetrical, guarantees that two-way output signal can reach reset terminal simultaneously, so as to reduce circuit structure mismatch to circuit
Influence.Voltage controlled oscillator utilizes two capacitors using transistor and capacitor to as feedback control loop using Colpitts oscillator
Proportionate relationship carry out impedance transformation to making circuit starting of oscillation.Since the gain of starting condition for oscillation required voltage is shaken than cross-coupling
High more of device are swung, therefore the starting condition for oscillation of Colpitts oscillator is more harsh.The noise current very little of Colpitts oscillator,
There is splendid phase noise characteristic.16 pre-dividers are divided into two concatenated 4 pre-dividers, simplify circuit structure.It is linear to adjust
It include a waveshape monitor and a three rank MASH structure Deltasigma modulators inside frequency continuous-wave generator.MASH structure is Δ
A kind of most-often used structure of sigma modulator, it can solve stage structure decimal burr as caused by the periodicity of output and asks
Topic, keeps the output of modulator more unordered, and noise shaping performance is more preferable.
Shown in Fig. 4, receiving channel uses orthogonal conversion architecture in the application, by low-noise amplifier, power detector, mixes
Frequency device, 90 ° of phase shifters and driving amplifier composition.Radio frequency inputs the input terminal for being connected to low-noise amplifier, low noise amplification
The output end of device is connected to the rf inputs of frequency mixer and the input terminal of power detector, and local oscillation signal is connected to drive amplification
The input terminal of device, the output end of driving amplifier are connected to the local oscillator input terminal of frequency mixer, and the output end of driving amplifier passes through
The local oscillator input terminal of frequency mixer is also connected to after 90 ° of phase shifters.The detectable size for receiving signal of the reception scheme, and to low noise
The gain of acoustic amplifier is adjusted, and prevents the saturation of receiver, effectively increases the dynamic range of receiver.
In the embodiment of the present application, the power detector in receiver connects the output in the low-noise amplifier of adjustable gain
End, detection receive the size of power, are adjusted according to testing result to the gain of low-noise amplifier, anti-stop signal saturation,
Increase effectively dynamic range.90 ° of phase shifters are made of inductance capacitance, and inductance is designed by top-level metallic, reduces parasitism
Resistance.Frequency mixer is quadrature frequency conversion, good in anti-interference performance.
Temperature detector is placed near the power amplifier in transmitter in the application, and power amplifier is receive-transmit system
The highest part of middle power consumption and the highest part of temperature, such temperature detector can detecte the maximum temperature of transmitter.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention may be used also on the basis of the above description for those of ordinary skill in the art
To make other variations or changes in different ways, all embodiments can not be exhaustive here, it is all to belong to this hair
The obvious changes or variations that bright technical solution is extended out are still in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver, which is characterized in that the transceiver includes:
Phaselocked loop, for providing local oscillation signal；
Radio frequency input unit is connected with first output end of phaselocked loop, for receiving the first radiofrequency signal, and based on described
Local oscillation signal exports intermediate-freuqncy signal after being mixed to first radiofrequency signal；And
Radio frequency output unit is connected with the phaselocked loop second output terminal, for being penetrated based on local oscillation signal output second
Frequency signal；
Wherein, the working frequency of the phaselocked loop is the 1/2 of rf frequency.
2. frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the radio frequency input unit includes
One 2 frequency multiplier, the first power divider and four-way receiver, wherein
First output end of the phaselocked loop is connected to the input terminal of the one 2 frequency multiplier；
The output end of one 2 frequency multiplier is connected to the input terminal of first power divider；
Each output end of first power divider is respectively connected to the corresponding local oscillator input terminal of the four-way receiver；
And
First radiofrequency signal is respectively connected to the corresponding rf inputs of the four-way receiver；
Wherein, the correspondence through the four-way receiver after the radio frequency input unit is mixed first radiofrequency signal
Output end exports corresponding intermediate-freuqncy signal.
3. frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the radio frequency output unit includes
2nd 2 frequency multiplier, the second power divider and triple channel transmitter, wherein
The second output terminal of the phaselocked loop is connected to the input terminal of the 2nd 2 frequency multiplier；
The output end of 2nd 2 frequency multiplier is connected to the input terminal of second power divider；
Each output end of second power divider is respectively connected to the correspondence input terminal of the triple channel transmitter；And
Each output end of the triple channel output machine is for exporting corresponding second radiofrequency signal.
4. frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the phaselocked loop packet
It includes:
The first input end of phase discriminator, the phase discriminator is connected to reference frequency；
Charge pump, the input terminal of the charge pump are connected to the output end of the phase discriminator；
Loop filter, the input terminal of loop filter are connected to the output end of the charge pump；
Voltage controlled oscillator, the input terminal of the voltage controlled oscillator are connected to the output end of the loop filter, the voltage-controlled vibration
The output end of device is swung for exporting the second radiofrequency signal；
The input terminal of 16 pre-dividers, 16 pre-divider is connected to the output end of the voltage controlled oscillator；
4/5 dual-mode frequency divider, the first input end of 4/5 dual-mode frequency divider are connected to the output end of 16 pre-divider；
Programmable counter, the input terminal of the programmable counter is connected to the output end of 4/5 dual-mode frequency divider, described
The output end of programmable counter is connected to the second input terminal of the phase discriminator；And
Linear frequency modulation generator, including waveform generator and Deltasigma modulator, the input terminal of the waveform generator are connected to institute
The output end of programmable counter is stated, the output end of the waveform generator is connected to the input terminal of the Deltasigma modulator, institute
The output end for stating Deltasigma modulator is connected to the second input terminal of 4/5 dual-mode frequency divider.
5. frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the four-way connects
Receipts machine includes four receiving channels, and each receiving channel in four receiving channels, which is positive, hands over conversion architecture, comprising:
Low-noise amplifier, the input terminal of the low-noise amplifier are connected to first radiofrequency signal；
Frequency mixer, the first input end of the frequency mixer are connected to the output end of the low-noise amplifier, the frequency mixer
Output end is for exporting the intermediate-freuqncy signal；
Driving amplifier, the input terminal of the driving amplifier is for inputting the local oscillation signal, and the of the driving amplifier
One output end is connected to the second input terminal of the frequency mixer；
90 ° of phase shifters, the input terminal of 90 ° of phase shifters are connected to the second output terminal of the driving amplifier, 90 ° of shiftings
The output end of phase device is connected to the third input terminal of the frequency mixer.
6. frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the transceiver further includes first
Power detector, first power detector are connected to the output end of the low-noise amplifier, for detecting first
The size of radiofrequency signal.
7. frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the transceiver further includes second
Power detector, second power detector is connected to the output end of second power divider, for detecting
State the size of the second radiofrequency signal.
8. frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the transceiver is also
Including temperature detector, the temperature detector is used to detect the temperature of the radio frequency output unit.
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| CN112379370A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-19 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | SAR system based on full silicon-based chip |
| CN113777570A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2021-12-10 | 南京隼眼电子科技有限公司 | Millimeter wave radar interference testing device and electronic equipment |
| CN117060857A (en) * | 2023-10-13 | 2023-11-14 | 四川益丰电子科技有限公司 | High-linearity low-insertion-loss mixer |
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