CN110501227B - Expansion wedge type drawing device and drawing method - Google Patents
Expansion wedge type drawing device and drawing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110501227B CN110501227B CN201910898524.XA CN201910898524A CN110501227B CN 110501227 B CN110501227 B CN 110501227B CN 201910898524 A CN201910898524 A CN 201910898524A CN 110501227 B CN110501227 B CN 110501227B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0026—Combination of several types of applied forces
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Abstract
The invention discloses an expanding wedge type drawing device and a drawing method, which belong to the technical field of buildings and are used for testing the compressive strength of a concrete part, wherein a precast hole is arranged on the concrete part, and the expanding wedge type drawing device comprises: a reaction sleeve which is supported by the concrete portion in the circumferential direction of the preformed hole and which applies pressure to the concrete portion in contact with the reaction sleeve; the expandable structure body can extend into the prefabricated hole, the outer side surface is a conical surface, and an accommodating cavity penetrating along the length direction of the expandable structure body is formed in the expandable structure body; the small end face of the conical part is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the large end face of the conical part can be positioned in the prefabricated hole; the expansion wedge type drawing device can draw out an inverted cone-shaped concrete block from the concrete part. The drawing method uses the expanding wedge type drawing device. The invention can be used for detecting the compressive strength of the concrete more easily, and the detection result is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of buildings, in particular to an expanding wedge type drawing device and a drawing method.
Background
In the building construction process, after concrete pouring is completed and concrete is solidified to form a concrete part, the strength of the concrete part is required to be detected to detect whether construction is qualified or not.
In the prior art, a nondestructive testing method or a micro-damage detection technology is generally adopted for the strength detection of concrete. Nondestructive testing methods, such as rebound method, ultrasonic rebound synthesis method, etc., utilize indirectly obtained parameters such as rebound value, sound velocity value or carbonization depth to convert concrete strength. And micro-damage detection technology such as a core drilling method, a pull-out method, a post-mounting pull-out method, a post-anchoring method and the like.
However, the correlation between the nondestructive parameters obtained by the nondestructive testing method and the compressive strength of the concrete is poor, and larger systematic errors are often generated when the concrete strength is converted. The micro-breakage detection method has obvious correlation due to the self-stress of the collected concrete, but has various problems due to the method and the process, such as: both the core drilling method and the pull-out method need to drill a concrete core sample test piece on the structure, but the drilling process, the cutting process, the polishing process and the like obviously influence the strength value of the concrete test, and the smaller the diameter of the core sample is, the more obvious the influence of the factors is, so that the test result data is scattered, the larger the standard deviation is, and the strength evaluation of the structural concrete is influenced. The method for detecting micro damage of the mounting and pulling out method, the post anchoring method and the like is characterized in that a miniature T-shaped grinding head is arranged on the surface of concrete by using a grinding machine, a T-shaped groove is ground at the bottom of the hole, the size of the T-shaped groove is identical to the shape and the size of an embedded T-shaped pulling bolt, the grinding groove is laborious, time-consuming and complex and has pollution, the width, the depth and the flatness of a stressed end face of the T-shaped groove cannot be effectively ensured due to the fact that the T-shaped groove works in an invisible environment, the popularization and the application of the test result and the method are influenced, the self anchoring is to drill holes on the concrete structure, the pulling bolt is bonded with the concrete by adopting epoxy resin, the bonding failure and other working conditions can occur due to the influences of the temperature, the humidity and the dust on the surface of the concrete, the bonding failure is caused, the repeated use of the pulling bolt is limited due to the bonding technology, and certain pollution can be caused if the epoxy resin is removed by heating, and the defects are challenging to the existing micro damage detection technology.
Accordingly, there is a need for an apparatus and method for detecting the compressive strength of a concrete part to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an expanding wedge type drawing device and a drawing method, which can rapidly and simply detect the compressive strength of concrete.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
An expanding wedge type drawing device for testing compressive strength of a concrete part, wherein a precast hole is arranged on the concrete part, and the expanding wedge type drawing device comprises:
A reaction sleeve which is supported by the concrete portion in the circumferential direction of the precast hole and which is capable of applying pressure to the concrete portion in contact with the reaction sleeve;
The expandable structure body can extend into the prefabricated hole, the outer side surface of the expandable structure body is a conical surface, and an accommodating cavity penetrating along the length direction of the expandable structure body is formed in the expandable structure body;
The small end face of the conical part is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the large end face of the conical part can be positioned in the prefabricated hole;
The conical member is configured to: the conical member can move in the accommodating cavity along a first direction and expand the accommodating cavity, so that the included angle between the outer side surface of the expandable structure body and the first direction is gradually increased, the conical member can apply a tensile force opposite to the compressive force to the concrete part and can apply an expansion extrusion force perpendicular to the outer side surface of the expandable structure body to the concrete contacted with the outer side surface of the expandable structure body when moving, the expansion extrusion force, the compression force and the tension force form a shearing force on the concrete part, and under the action of the shearing force, the expansion wedge type drawing device can draw out an inverted cone-shaped concrete block from the concrete part.
Wherein, still include pulling force collection system, pulling force collection system is configured as: the pulling force of the conical part in the first direction when the reverse conical concrete block is pulled out can be collected.
The inflatable structure body comprises a plurality of inflatable bodies, and the inflatable bodies are arranged around the axis of the accommodating cavity in a surrounding mode to form the inflatable structure body; and as the accommodating cavity is enlarged, the included angle between the outer side surface of the expansion body and the first direction can be gradually increased.
The expansion device further comprises an annular positioning disc, positioning grooves are formed in the positioning disc and are in one-to-one correspondence with the expansion bodies, and one ends of the expansion bodies, which are far away from the positioning grooves, can be opened outwards along with the expansion of the accommodating cavity.
The expansion body is internally provided with a reset elastic piece, one end of the reset elastic piece is abutted with the expansion body, and the other end of the reset elastic piece is abutted with the inner wall of the positioning groove.
The lifting device comprises a lifting rod, one end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected with the conical part and can drive the conical part to move along the first direction, and the counter-force sleeve and the expandable structure are sleeved on the lifting rod.
The lifting rod is provided with a threaded section and can do spiral movement, and then the conical part is driven to move along the first direction.
The drawing method is used for detecting the strength of concrete, and the expansion wedge type drawing device is used for carrying out drawing experiments on the concrete part, and comprises the following steps:
S1, judging whether the concrete part is of an existing structure or a building structure, and if the concrete part is of the existing structure, executing a step S2; if the concrete part is in the construction structure, executing a step S3;
S2, removing a plastering layer on the surface of the concrete part by adopting a drilling grinding head, and forming a circular groove on the surface of the concrete part;
S3, drilling a prefabricated hole on the concrete part by adopting a drill hammer, and ensuring the verticality between the axis of the prefabricated hole and the surface of the concrete part provided with the prefabricated hole by adopting a vertical ensuring device when the drill hammer is used;
S4, extending the assembled expandable structure and the conical part into the prefabricated hole, and enabling the conical part to move along the first direction;
S5, pulling out the reverse taper concrete block, and recording the pulling force of the taper component along the first direction when the reverse taper concrete block is pulled out.
Wherein, the one end that the drill bistrique was equipped with the drill bit is equipped with the mill.
The vertical guaranteeing device comprises a guide rod and a first positioning ring, wherein the first positioning ring is arranged on the guide rod and can fix the drill hammer.
According to the expansion wedge type drawing device and the drawing method, the conical part moves along the first direction, the accommodating cavity of the expandable structure body is enlarged, the outer side of the expandable structure body applies expansion extrusion force perpendicular to the outer side face to the concrete, the conical part applies tension to the concrete part, the counter-force sleeve can apply pressure to the concrete, the tension, the pressure and the expansion extrusion force cooperate to generate shearing force to the concrete, the expansion wedge type drawing device can draw out an inverted cone-shaped concrete block from the concrete part under the action of the shearing force, and the compressive strength of the concrete can be calculated by testing the force of the conical part along the first direction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an external structure of an expanding wedge type drawing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the expanding wedge pulling device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of an inflatable structure, a puck and a conical member provided in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an expansion body according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a concrete portion of an expanding wedge type drawing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an external structure of an expanding wedge type drawing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 7 with the housing omitted;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the housing of FIG. 7;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an expanding wedge type drawing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a grinding disc according to a third embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a vertical assurance device according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 13 is an exploded view of the vertical assurance device of fig. 12.
In the figure:
1. A reaction sleeve;
2. An inflatable structure; 21. an expansion body; 211. positioning the flange; 212. an auxiliary flange; 22. a return elastic member;
3. a conical member; 31. a vertebral body; 32. a connecting shaft; 33. a clamping cap;
4. a positioning plate; 41. a positioning groove;
5. a lifting device; 51. a lifting rod; 52. a nut; 53. rotating the handle portion; 531. rotating the handle; 54. rotating the lifting part; 541. a worm wheel; 542. a worm; 543. a housing; 544. a rotating handle;
6. A tension acquisition device; 61. a sensor mount; 62. a gland;
71. Grinding disc;
8. A vertical assurance device; 81. a guide rod; 811. pressing the cap; 812. a pressure spring; 813. a guide bar body; 814. a guide screw; 82. a first positioning ring; 83. an adjusting rod; 831. a key slot; 84. a second positioning ring; 85. a hand-held part;
91. a first sleeve; 92. a second sleeve; 93. an auxiliary lifting member;
10. pre-tightening the nut; 11. a pre-tightening ring.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical scheme adopted and the technical effects achieved by the invention more clear, the technical scheme of the invention is further described below by a specific embodiment in combination with the attached drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the drawings related to the present invention are shown.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixed or removable, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-6, a first embodiment provides an expanding wedge type drawing device for detecting the strength of a concrete portion, and a prefabricated hole is formed in the concrete portion for cooperation with the expanding wedge type drawing device.
An expanding wedge type drawing device comprises a counter-force sleeve 1, an expandable structure body 2, a conical part 3 and a tension collecting device 6.
The reaction sleeve 1 has a hollow structure, and is supported by the concrete portion in the circumferential direction of the preformed hole, and is capable of applying pressure to the concrete portion in contact with the reaction sleeve 1.
The expandable structure 2 can extend into the preformed hole, the outer side surface is a conical surface, and a containing cavity penetrating along the length direction is arranged in the expandable structure.
The small end face of the conical part 3 is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the large end face of the conical part 3 can be positioned in the prefabricated hole.
The conical member 3 is configured to: can follow the first direction and hold the intracavity motion and prop big holding chamber, and then make the contained angle of the lateral surface of expandable structure body 2 with first direction increase gradually, and can exert with the perpendicular inflation extrusion force of the lateral surface of expandable structure body 2 to the concrete that contacts with the lateral surface of expandable structure body 2, inflation extrusion force and pressure form the shearing force to the concrete part, under the shearing force effect, the wedge-expanding drawing device that expands can pull out an inverted cone concrete piece from the concrete part.
The tension acquisition device 6 is configured to: the pulling force of the conical part 3 in the first direction when the inverted conical concrete block is pulled out can be collected.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the first direction is a vertical direction.
Specifically, the expandable structure 2 includes a plurality of expansion bodies 21, and the plurality of expansion bodies 21 are enclosed around the axis of the accommodating chamber to form the expandable structure 2; when the conical member 3 moves in the first direction, as the accommodating chamber is enlarged, the plurality of expansion bodies 21 are also expanded by the conical member 3, and the angle between the outer side surfaces of the expansion bodies 21 and the first direction is also gradually increased.
Further, in order to ensure that the expansion bodies 21 are stably expanded, the expansion wedge type drawing device further comprises an annular positioning disc 4, positioning grooves 41 are formed in the positioning disc 4, the positioning grooves 41 are in one-to-one correspondence with the expansion bodies 21, and one end, away from the positioning grooves 41, of the expansion bodies 21 can be expanded outwards along with the expansion of the accommodating cavity.
Further, in order to enable the expansion body 21 to generate friction with the concrete of the prefabricated hole side wall, the outer side surface of the expansion body 21 is provided with threads or knurling; preferably, the outer side surface of the expansion body 21 is provided with fine-toothed threads having a pitch of 1.5. Preferably, in this embodiment, three expansion bodies 21 are provided, the expansion bodies 21 are in a wedge shape with circular arcs, the three expansion bodies 21 form a three-petal expansion wedge structure, small end faces of the wedge-shaped expansion bodies 21 are mounted on the positioning disk 4, along with the movement of the conical part 3 into the accommodating cavity, large end faces of the three expansion bodies 21 are gradually spread, and the contact surface of the three expansion bodies with concrete of the inner wall of the prefabricated hole can be maximized.
In the present embodiment, the small end face refers to an end of the expansion body 21 having a relatively small cross-sectional area, and the large end face refers to an end of the expansion body 21 having a relatively large cross-sectional area.
In this embodiment, the larger the diameter of the reaction sleeve 1, the longer the length of the tapered member 3 in its own axis direction, and the stronger the expansion capability of the expandable structure 2.
Further, in order to ensure that when the expandable structure 2 is expanded, one end of the expansion body 21, which is provided in the positioning groove 41, can be stably abutted against the side wall of the positioning groove 41, so that the expansion body 21 can provide an effective internal expansion force for the concrete of the side wall of the prefabricated hole, a reset elastic member 22 is provided in the expansion body 21, one end of the reset elastic member 22 is abutted against the expansion body 21, and the other end is abutted against the inner wall of the positioning groove 41.
Specifically, the expansion body 21 is provided with a reset elastic member mounting hole, a part of the reset elastic member 22 is positioned in the reset elastic member mounting hole, one end of the reset elastic member 22 is abutted with the hole bottom of the reset elastic member mounting hole, and the other end is abutted with the inner wall of the positioning groove 41.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the tapered member 3 includes a tapered body 31 having a tapered surface in shape, a connecting shaft 32 provided at a small end face end of the tapered body 31, and a click cap 33 provided at an end of the connecting shaft 32. The cross-sectional area of the connecting shaft 32 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the small end face of the cone 31 and smaller than the cross-sectional area of the click cap 33.
One end of the expansion body 21 is provided with a positioning flange 211 matched with the positioning groove 41, and a reset elastic piece mounting hole is formed in the positioning flange 211; the other end of the expansion body 21 is provided with an auxiliary flange 212, specifically, in this embodiment, the main body radius of the expansion body 21 is 10mm, the outer diameter of the positioning flange 211 is 20mm, and the outer diameter of the auxiliary flange 212 is 10.5mm. After the expansion body 21 is mounted in the positioning groove 41, the expansion body 21 and the positioning disk 4 are assembled to form a circular through groove, the large end face of the cone 31 passes through the circular through groove until the clamping cap 33 is clamped in the circular through groove, and the conical part 3, the expansion body 21 and the positioning disk 4 are mounted together.
Further, in order to enable the conical part 3 to move along the first direction, in this embodiment, the expanding wedge type drawing device further includes a lifting device 5, the lifting device 5 includes a lifting rod 51, one end of the lifting rod 51 is fixedly connected with the conical part 3 and can drive the conical part 3 to move along the first direction, and the counter force sleeve 1 and the expandable structure 2 are both sleeved on the lifting rod 51.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, a first sleeve 91 with an opening at two ends and a hollow structure is arranged in a cavity of the reaction sleeve 1, the lower end of the first sleeve 91 is in interference fit with the inner side wall of the positioning disk 4, a second sleeve 92 with an opening at two ends and a hollow structure is sleeved on the first sleeve 91, the lower end of the second sleeve 92 is in interference fit with the clamping cap 33, an auxiliary lifting member 93 is arranged at the upper end of the second sleeve 92, the lower end of the auxiliary lifting member 93 is in interference fit with the upper end of the second sleeve 92, the upper end of the auxiliary lifting member 93 is in interference fit with the lower end of the lifting rod 51, when the lifting rod 51 moves upwards, the lifting rod 51 drives the auxiliary lifting member 93 to move upwards, the auxiliary lifting member 93 drives the second sleeve 92 to move upwards, and the second sleeve 92 drives the conical member 3 to move upwards.
The lifting rod 51 is provided with a threaded section and can perform a spiral movement, thereby driving the conical part 3 to move in a first direction. The threaded section of the lifting rod 51 is in threaded connection with a nut 52, the nut 52 is fixedly arranged at the opening of the upper end of the first sleeve 91, and the lifting rod 51 and the nut 52 form a screw-nut pair and can drive the conical part 3 to move along the first direction.
Further, in order to facilitate lifting of the lifting lever 51, a rotation handle portion 53 is provided at one end of the lifting lever 51 away from the taper member 3, a plurality of rotation handles 531 are provided around the first direction in the circumferential direction of the rotation handle portion 53, the rotation handle portion 53 is facilitated for an operator, and the operator can rotate and lift the lifting lever 51 by rotating the rotation handles 531.
Further, the expanding wedge pulling device further comprises a pretensioning nut 10. Specifically, the lift rod 51 is sleeved with a pre-tightening ring 11, the pre-tightening ring 11 is located above the reaction sleeve 1, and the pre-tightening nut 10 is selectively abutted against the lift rod 51 through the pre-tightening ring 11. The pretension nut 10 can provide a pretension force to the lift lever 51 when it abuts the lift lever 51.
In this embodiment, the tension collecting device 6 includes a pressure sensor, optionally, the pressure sensor is an F10C type sensor, and the measuring range of the pressure sensor is 1 ton to 5 tons, which can meet the use requirement of this embodiment. Specifically, the pressure sensor is mounted on a sensor mounting member 61, the sensor mounting member 61 is an annular member, and a sensor fixing hole is formed in a side wall thereof. The sensor mount 61 is sleeved on the lift rod 51 and above the pre-tension ring 11.
Specifically, referring to fig. 6, during operation of the expanding wedge pulling device, the lifting rod 51 exerts an upward pulling force on the concrete portion, indicated by arrow F1 in fig. 6, the reaction force sleeve 1 exerts a downward pressing force on the concrete portion, indicated by arrow F2 in fig. 6, and the expandable structure 2 exerts an expansion pressing force on the concrete perpendicular to the outer side surface of the expandable structure 2, indicated by arrow F3 in fig. 6.
Under the combined action of the pulling force, the pressing force and the expansion pressing force, the expanding wedge type drawing device applies an oblique shearing force to the concrete part, and the shearing force is represented by an arrow F4 in fig. 6. The provision of the auxiliary flange 212 further ensures that in this embodiment a shearing force of 45 ° is created with respect to the horizontal. Under the action of shearing force, the expansion wedge type drawing device pulls out an inverted cone-shaped concrete block from the concrete part, and the compressive strength of concrete can be converted by testing the lifting force of the lifting rod when the inverted cone-shaped concrete block is pulled out.
In this embodiment, the expansion wedge type drawing device provided in this embodiment is adopted to perform a test for testing the compressive strength of concrete for a plurality of times, a regression equation is established through data in the test, a fitting curve is obtained, and the compressive strength of concrete can be converted through the established regression equation and the tensile force measured by the tensile force acquisition device 6.
The expansion wedge type drawing device provided by the embodiment is adopted for multiple tests, a regression equation is established, and finally a linear regression equation is obtained. Multiple trial data enables the determination of a linear regression equation.
In the test process, a concrete test piece with known compressive strength is selected for testing, and a linear regression equation can be determined according to the measured tensile force and the known compressive strength of the concrete.
The establishment of linear regression equations is a technique well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
Example two
Referring to fig. 7 to 10, the expanding wedge type drawing device provided in the second embodiment is different from that in the first embodiment in that a rotation lifting portion 54 is provided at an end of the lifting rod 51 away from the taper member 3 in order to facilitate lifting of the lifting rod 51. Specifically, the rotation lifting portion 54 is a worm gear mechanism, a worm gear 541 is fixedly sleeved on the lifting rod 51, the rotation lifting portion 54 further includes a worm 542 capable of being matched with the worm gear 541, and the worm gear 541 and the worm 542 are packaged in a housing 543.
To facilitate the rotation of the worm 542, one end of the worm 542 is provided with a stem 544. Specifically, the rotating handle 544 includes a first portion vertically connected to the worm 542 and a handle portion vertically disposed at one end of the first portion far from the worm 542, and the rotation of the worm 542 can be achieved by the operator rotating the handle portion circumferentially.
Further, the expanding wedge type drawing device further comprises a limiting device 9, and the limiting device 9 can limit the deformation degree of the expandable structure 2. Specifically, in this embodiment, the limiting device 9 is a rotating sleeve sleeved on the lifting rod 51, and the rotating sleeve can rotate relative to the lifting rod 51; the lower end of the rotating sleeve is fixed on the positioning disc 4 and is in threaded connection with the conical part, the rotating sleeve can prevent the lifting rod 51 from being deformed due to overhanging force after misplacement of the expansion body 21 and the conical part 3 in the lifting process, and the expansion body 21 can be kept unchanged all the time.
In the present embodiment, when the sensor mount 61 is fitted over the lift rod 51, the gland 62 is fitted over the lift rod 51 to locate the sensor mount 61. Other technical features in the present embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and will not be described here again.
Example III
The third embodiment provides a drawing method, which uses the expansion wedge type drawing device to detect the strength of the concrete part.
The drawing method comprises the following steps:
S1, judging whether the concrete part is of an existing structure or a built structure, and if the concrete part is of the existing structure, executing the step S2; if the concrete part is in the construction structure, executing the step S3;
During specific operation, firstly selecting a concrete part, detecting the distribution of the steel bars in the concrete part by using a magnetic induction instrument, and drawing the distribution of the steel bars on the surface of the concrete part;
s2, removing a plastering layer on the surface of the concrete part by adopting a drilling grinding head 7, and forming a circular groove on the concrete part without the plastering layer;
S3, drilling a precast hole on the concrete part by adopting a drill hammer, and ensuring the verticality between the axis of the precast hole and the surface of the concrete part provided with the precast hole by adopting a vertical ensuring device 7 when the drill hammer is used; preferably, dust in the prefabricated holes is removed after the prefabricated holes are drilled;
Preferably, the position of the pre-drilled holes is selected to be at least 35mm from the reinforcing steel bar and at least 50mm from the edge of the member; drilling holes at positions without reinforcing steel bars, wherein the drilling depth is not less than 65mm;
s4, extending the assembled expandable structure 2 and the conical part 3 into the prefabricated hole, and enabling the conical part 3 to move along a first direction;
Specifically, when the expandable structure 2 and the tapered member 3 are inserted into the pre-fabricated hole, a pre-tightening force of 30 n.m. to 50 n.m. is applied to the lift rod 51 by the pre-tightening nut 10;
s5, pulling out the reverse taper concrete block, and recording the pulling force of the taper part 3 along the first direction when the reverse taper concrete block is pulled out.
Specifically, when the drawing method provided in this embodiment is adopted, the following operation manner may be adopted:
Further, referring to fig. 11, in order to remove the plastering layer on the surface of the concrete part in step S2, one end of the drilling head 7 provided with the drill bit is provided with a grinding disc 71, the grinding disc 71 is provided with a convex rib 72 toward the drill bit, and the convex rib 72 can remove the plastering layer on the surface of the concrete part with the progressive penetration and rotation of the drill bit to form a circular groove.
Referring to fig. 12 and 13, the vertical protector 8 includes a guide bar 81 and a first positioning ring 82, and the first positioning ring 82 is provided at an upper end of the guide bar 81 and is capable of fixing a drill hammer. Specifically, the bit mounting portion of the hammer is extended into the first positioning ring 82, and the drill bit is ensured to be screwed in the vertical direction by the vertical ensuring device 8.
Further, the vertical assurance device 8 is provided with a hand-holding part 85, so that an operator can hold the vertical assurance device 8 conveniently.
If the concrete part is in the construction, when the drill hammer is used to drill the prefabricated hole, the operator holds the vertical assurance device 8 by hand, and stretches the drill bit installation part of the drill hammer into the first positioning ring 82 for drilling.
Further, in order to conveniently control the depth of the drilled prefabricated hole, in this embodiment, the guide rod 81 includes a guide rod main body 813 having openings at both ends and having a hollow structure, a compression spring 812 is disposed in an inner cavity of the guide rod main body 813, a lower end of the compression spring 812 abuts against an upper end of the adjusting rod 83, a compression cap 811 is covered at an opening of an upper end of the guide rod main body 813, the adjusting rod 83 is sleeved at an opening of a lower end of the guide rod 81, a locking hole is provided on a side wall of the guide rod 81, a key slot 831 extending along an extending direction of the adjusting rod 83 is provided, the key slot 831 is aligned with the locking hole during installation, the guide screw 814 passes through the locking hole and abuts against a side wall of the key slot 831 without abutting against a bottom surface of the key slot 831, so that when drilling is performed, the guide rod 81 moves downward along with the guide screw 814 along the key slot 831, the compression spring 812 is compressed, when the compression spring 812 reaches a minimum compression height, the compression spring 812 cannot be compressed again, the drill bit cannot move downward again, and drilling is finished. By controlling the sleeve length of the guide rod 81 and the adjustment rod 83 at the beginning of drilling and matching with the compression spring 812, the depth of the prefabricated hole can be controlled.
The adjusting rod 83 is provided with a second positioning ring 84 at one end far away from the guide rod 81, and if the concrete part is of an existing structure, the second positioning ring 84 is abutted in the circular groove on the concrete part, so that the drilling direction is further ensured not to deviate.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the basic principle and features of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but may be varied and altered without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. An expanding wedge type drawing device for testing compressive strength of a concrete part, wherein a prefabricated hole is formed in the concrete part, and the expanding wedge type drawing device is characterized by comprising:
a reaction sleeve (1) which is supported by the concrete part in the circumferential direction of the prefabricated hole and which applies pressure to the concrete part in contact with the reaction sleeve (1);
The expandable structure body (2) can extend into the prefabricated hole, the outer side surface is a conical surface, and an accommodating cavity penetrating along the length direction of the expandable structure body is formed in the expandable structure body;
The small end face of the conical part (3) is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the large end face of the conical part (3) can be positioned in the prefabricated hole; the inflatable structure (2) comprises a plurality of inflatable bodies (21), a plurality of said inflatable bodies (21) being expandable by the conical part (3); a plurality of expansion bodies (21) are arranged around the axis of the accommodating cavity to form the expandable structure (2); as the accommodating cavity is enlarged, the included angle between the outer side surface of the expansion body (21) and the first direction can be gradually increased; the outer side surfaces of the expansion bodies (21) are provided with threads or knurling;
The conical part (3) is configured to: the expansion wedge type drawing device can move in the accommodating cavity along a first direction and expand the accommodating cavity, so that an included angle between the outer side surface of the expandable structure body (2) and the first direction is gradually increased, the conical part (3) can apply a tensile force opposite to the pressure direction to the concrete part when moving, and can apply an expansion extrusion force perpendicular to the outer side surface of the expandable structure body (2) to the concrete contacted with the outer side surface of the expandable structure body (2), and the expansion extrusion force, the compression force and the tensile force form a shearing force to the concrete part, and under the action of the shearing force, the expansion wedge type drawing device can draw out an inverse conical concrete block from the concrete part;
-an annular positioning disc (4) for ensuring that said plurality of expansion bodies (21) are stably spread; the positioning disc (4) is provided with positioning grooves (41), the positioning grooves (41) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the expansion bodies (21), and one end, far away from the positioning grooves (41), of each expansion body (21) can be opened outwards along with the expansion of the accommodating cavity; a reset elastic piece (22) is arranged in the expansion body (21), one end of the reset elastic piece (22) is abutted with the expansion body (21), and the other end is abutted with the inner wall of the positioning groove (41);
The lifting device (5), the lifting device (5) comprises a lifting rod (51), one end of the lifting rod (51) is fixedly connected with the conical part (3) and can drive the conical part (3) to move along the first direction;
The limiting device (9), the limiting device (9) is a rotating sleeve sleeved on the lifting rod (51), the rotating sleeve can rotate relative to the lifting rod (51), and the lower end of the rotating sleeve is fixed on the positioning disc (4) and is in threaded connection with the conical part (3).
2. The expanding wedge pulling device of claim 1, further comprising a tension acquisition device (6), the tension acquisition device (6) being configured to: the pulling force of the conical part (3) in the first direction when the reverse conical concrete block is pulled out can be collected.
3. The expanding wedge pulling device according to any of claims 1 and 2, wherein the counter force sleeve (1) and the expandable structure (2) are both sleeved on the lifting rod (51).
4. A drawing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the lifting rod (51) is provided with a threaded section and is capable of a helical movement, thereby driving the conical part (3) in the first direction.
5. A drawing method for detecting the strength of concrete, characterized in that a drawing experiment is performed on a concrete portion using the expanding wedge type drawing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
S1, judging whether the concrete part is of an existing structure or a building structure, and if the concrete part is of the existing structure, executing a step S2; if the concrete part is in the construction structure, executing a step S3;
S2, removing a plastering layer on the surface of the concrete part by adopting a drilling grinding head, and forming a circular groove on the surface of the concrete part;
s3, drilling a prefabricated hole on the concrete part by adopting a drill hammer, and ensuring the verticality between the axis of the prefabricated hole and the surface of the concrete part provided with the prefabricated hole by adopting a vertical ensuring device (8) when the drill hammer is used;
S4, extending the assembled expandable structure (2) and the conical part (3) into the prefabricated hole, and enabling the conical part (3) to move along the first direction;
s5, pulling out the reverse taper concrete block, and recording the pulling force of the taper component (3) along the first direction when the reverse taper concrete block is pulled out.
6. Drawing method according to claim 5, characterized in that the end of the drill head provided with the drill bit is provided with a grinding disc (71).
7. The drawing method according to claim 5, characterized in that the vertical assurance device (8) comprises a guide bar (81) and a first positioning ring (82), the first positioning ring (82) being provided on the guide bar (81) and being able to fix the drill hammer.
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| CN201910898524.XA CN110501227B (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2019-09-23 | Expansion wedge type drawing device and drawing method |
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| CN110501227B true CN110501227B (en) | 2024-09-06 |
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| JPH11108815A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-04-23 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | Estimation method for strength of concrete |
| CN210863380U (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-06-26 | 朱跃武 | Expanding wedge type drawing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2404619Y (en) * | 1999-12-14 | 2000-11-08 | 武汉巨成加固实业有限公司 | Concrete self-locking inserting-rod and reaming bit therefor |
| WO2010045692A1 (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2010-04-29 | Obelix Holdings Pty Limited | A lifting device and method for concrete elements |
| CN103822826B (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2015-05-20 | 建研科技股份有限公司 | Method and instrument for detecting concrete compression strength with pulling escape method |
| CN105986572A (en) * | 2015-03-01 | 2016-10-05 | 方军 | Self-locking type pull-resisting anchor head |
| CN207946280U (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2018-10-09 | 程彦 | A kind of concrete pullout machine pin-connected panel anchoring piece |
| CN109490082B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2024-06-21 | 廊坊市阳光建设工程质量检测有限公司 | Automatic direct pulling equipment for common bearing platform for detecting concrete strength by pull-out method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11108815A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-04-23 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | Estimation method for strength of concrete |
| CN210863380U (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-06-26 | 朱跃武 | Expanding wedge type drawing device |
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