CN110500923A - The identification of stable state overload and insurance circuit and control circuit based on dual acceleration switch - Google Patents
The identification of stable state overload and insurance circuit and control circuit based on dual acceleration switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN110500923A CN110500923A CN201910796862.2A CN201910796862A CN110500923A CN 110500923 A CN110500923 A CN 110500923A CN 201910796862 A CN201910796862 A CN 201910796862A CN 110500923 A CN110500923 A CN 110500923A
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- Prior art keywords
- acceleration switch
- circuit
- switch
- open type
- optical relay
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/40—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected electrically
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
- H01H35/14—Switches operated by change of acceleration, e.g. by shock or vibration, inertia switch
- H01H35/141—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
- H01H35/14—Switches operated by change of acceleration, e.g. by shock or vibration, inertia switch
- H01H35/141—Details
- H01H35/142—Damping means to avoid unwanted response
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the identification of the stable state switched based on dual acceleration overload and insurance circuit and control circuits, it is related to inertial sensor applied technical field, it is mainly composed of an open type acceleration switch and a closed type acceleration switch, blocking and by-passing signal can be exported simultaneously.For dual acceleration switch as overload insurance, short-circuit protection and reliable isolation can be carried out to objective circuit before the acceleration signal appearance of defined threshold can release the bypass and blocking of objective circuit after defined threshold and the appearance of the acceleration signal in direction simultaneously.In conjunction with peripheral circuit, moreover it is possible to realize runback bit function after keeping output state to combat mission, it is reusable, it is brought convenience for detection, performance rating, iteration update.Improve the functional reliability and safety in utilization of high reliability product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to inertial sensor applied technical fields, in particular to ammunition fuze, aerospace, automotive safety skill
The identification of stable state overload and insurance circuit and control circuit in art.
Background technique
Inertial acceleration overload measurement and control are the key technologies in the fields such as ammunition fuze, aerospace, automotive electronics
One of.Common inertance element has acceleration transducer, acceleration switch etc., and wherein acceleration switch (be used to by also known as g switch
Property switch etc.) be used for sense accelerations signal, when the acceleration signal for being more than threshold value occurs, internal inertial conductive
Movement occurs for body thereby executing switch motion.Acceleration switch is considered as threshold acceleration sensor, compares acceleration transducer
Fast response time, signal processing is simple, at low cost；After closing the switch, switch contact can be by 1A or more high current, can be direct
Main current supply circuit or priming system ignition circuit are accessed, therefore acceleration switch also may be performed as device use.For example, ammunition fuze is sharp
It is solved after identifying rocket engine thrust overload or rotating centrifugal overload of the ammunition during outer ballistic flight with acceleration switch
Except insurance, automotive electronics identifies quick start air bag after vehicle effective collision signal by acceleration switch.
Transient impact overload include move with accidentally fall in transportational process and hit, arming when maloperation lead
The fuse of cause bumps against with breech, collides with, and rammer pushes the straight line set forward of ammunition and stops suddenly, and bullet is in emission process
In the radial alignment recoil that is subjected in gun tube, bullet and the side impacts of gun tube etc., transient error is there is a possibility that inertia
Switch, with regard to advancement, causes security risk before scheduled arming program starts；Stable state acceleration overload includes bullet
Linear inertia power caused by rocket thrust when in flight course due to centrifugal force caused by itself rotation, rocket engine work
Etc., it is clear that stable state acceleration overload is corresponding with projectile flight state and outer trajectory environment, if based on dual acceleration switch
Overload identification circuit can recognize that stable state acceleration overload of bullet during outer ballistic flight reoperates, while to transient state
Impact acceleration is insensitive, then the movement of bullet arming can only occur in outside outer trajectory safe distance, then ammumtion safety is big
It is big to improve.
Current stable state overload identification and arming circuit often rely on single acceleration switch and provide signal, and accelerate
Inertial conductive body (float electrode) in degree switch also has frequently with mechanical structures such as spring and mass blocks using conductions such as mercurys
Drop, but all sprung back after coasting body collides fixed electrode during the work time in the presence of switch, the switch electrical contact such as closure repeatedly
Unstable problem, the acceleration switch of universal triggering are difficult to differentiate between the dry of overload from sensitive direction and non-sensitive direction
It disturbs, part acceleration switch contains closed-lock mechanism, can only disposably trigger unidirectional, and it is disposable, for detection and matter
Amount assessment brings difficulty.In addition single acceleration switch cannot export blocking and by-passing signal simultaneously, and it is more not to be able to satisfy user
The needs of sample signal output are such as applied to since acceleration switch is vulnerable to interference, the especially acceleration switch of omnidirectional's conducting
Ammunition fuze, the then possible proximity switch movement when being interfered and being worked normally, causes security risk.And contain closure lock
The unidirectional disposable trigger switch for determining mechanism, cannot restPose on triggering, as with homographic solution if on ammunition fuze
Except arm-to-arm is constantly in after insurance, not detonating can not restore to insure, and form duds.
Ammunition fuze security system often utilizes the inertance elements such as acceleration switch identification trajectory environment and non-trajectory environment, and
Fuse insurance is released under trajectory environmental activity.Usually regulation is greater than a certain threshold value brief acceleration switch action message, small Mr. Yu
One threshold value akinesia, but acceleration switch only cannot distinguish between transient impact overload or stable state acceleration overload by threshold value, and
Generally have the shortcomings that easily oscillation, interference resistance is poor, contact resistance is big, and the signal exported is more single.Universal triggering adds
Speed switch is difficult to differentiate between the interference of overload and non-sensitive direction from sensitive direction, and an acceleration switch is used alone not
The needs of user's high reliability and diversified signal output are able to satisfy, so just needing a kind of stable state based on dual acceleration switch
Overload identification and arming circuit.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides the stable states switched based on dual acceleration to overload identification and insurance circuit and control circuit,
To solve problems of the prior art.
The identification of stable state overload and insurance circuit based on dual acceleration switch, including open type acceleration switch S1 and normally closed
Type acceleration switch S2, input terminal Vin are grounded after being connected by the open type acceleration switch S1 with objective circuit, while institute
State objective circuit it is in parallel with the closed type acceleration switch S2 after be grounded, mesh is led in open type acceleration switch S1 blocking
Circuit power supply is marked, the closed type acceleration switch S2 is by objective circuit grounding shunt.
Preferably, the open type acceleration switch S1 and closed type acceleration switch S2 includes transparent insulation top
Lid, molten drop and conductive substrate, the molten drop is located at the transparent insulation top cover and the conductive substrate is engaged combination
In enclosure space afterwards；
The transparent insulation top cover includes lid, and the lid portion inside is hollow chamber, and meets b > d > 2c, wherein b
For the width of the chamber, c is the height of the chamber, and d is diameter of the molten drop before being packed into the chamber；It is described
Chamber is divided into lug boss chamber along segmentation dotted line along the figure that the section of switch sensitive direction is that rectangular upper portion lacks one jiao, the chamber
Room and wedge type portion chamber；
The conductive substrate include insulating substrate and the insulating substrate upper surface setting conductive metal layer, it is described to lead
Metal layer includes being oppositely arranged electrode and the second inner electrode in first along switch sensitive direction, electrode and described in described first
Equal adhering and sealing ring, electrode, the second inner electrode and the adhering and sealing ring in described first are set on the outside of the second inner electrode
Between be insulated trench；
It is that open type molten drop acceleration is opened that the area of electrode, which is greater than the area of the second inner electrode, in described first
Close, the open type molten drop acceleration switch described first in electrode be located at the lug boss chamber and the wedge type portion
The second inner electrode of the lower section of chamber, the open type molten drop acceleration switch is located under wedge type portion chamber
Side；It is closed type molten drop acceleration switch, institute that the area of electrode, which is less than the area of the second inner electrode, in described first
State the lower section that electrode in described the first of closed type molten drop acceleration switch is located at the lug boss chamber, the closed type
The second inner electrode of molten drop acceleration switch is located at the lower section of the lug boss chamber and wedge type portion chamber.
It is highly preferred that the material of the transparent insulation top cover is glass or transparent epoxy resin.
It is highly preferred that the molten drop is mercury or the liquid amalgam containing 8.5% thallium.
It is highly preferred that electrode far from described the second inner electrode one end connects the first pin in described first, in described second
Electrode connects second pin far from electrode one end in described first, and the switch sensitive direction is the first pin direction second pin
Direction.
It is highly preferred that the open type acceleration switch S1 and closed type acceleration switch S2 are placed side by side, make sensitivity side
To in the same direction, it is packaged into a double acceleration switch, totally 4 pins.
It is highly preferred that the dual acceleration switch includes that fixed side by side closed type transparent insulation top cover and open type are transparent
Insulating top cover, the closed type conductive substrate fixed side by side and open type conductive substrate and molten drop one and molten drop two,
The molten drop one is fastened on internal cavities by the closed type transparent insulation top cover and the closed type conductive substrate, described
The molten drop two is fastened on internal cavities by open type transparent insulation top cover and the open type conductive substrate.
It is highly preferred that being marked with UV glue in the insulated trench, the insulated trench is filled and led up after the UV adhesive curing, and with
The height of electrode, the height of the second inner electrode are consistent with the height of the adhering and sealing ring in described first.
A kind of band filtering and output based on the stable state overload identification based on dual acceleration switch and insurance circuit
The identification of stable state overload and control circuit of function are kept, including open type acceleration switch S3 and closed type acceleration switch S4 are simultaneously
Row is packaged into a sensitive direction entirety in the same direction, is sequentially connected in series after the input terminal Vin connection open type acceleration switch S3
It is grounded after resistance R1 and capacitor C1, the closed type acceleration switch S4 is grounded close to one end of the input terminal Vin, the other end
Shunt regulator diode V1 and capacitor C1, the zener diode V1 other end ground connection, wherein resistance R1, zener diode V1 and
Capacitor C1 constitutes low-pass filter circuit；
The positive power source terminal of input terminal Vin connection operational amplifier U1, the negative power end ground connection of the operational amplifier U1, institute
The noninverting input that capacitor C1 connects the operational amplifier U1 far from ground connection one end is stated, the reverse phase of the operational amplifier U1 is defeated
Enter and hold the output end for connecting the operational amplifier U1, after the output end series connection light emitting diode V2 of the operational amplifier U1 simultaneously
Connection capacitor C2, resistance R2 and resistance R3, the other end of the capacitor C2 and the other end of resistance R2 are grounded, and wherein capacitor shines
Diode V2, capacitor C2 and resistance R3 constitute output holding circuit；The other end connection optical relay J1 input of the resistance R2
The pin 2 of the pin 1 of side, the optical relay J1 input side is grounded, 3 linking objective of the optical relay J1 outlet side pin electricity
It is grounded behind road, the pin 4 of the optical relay J1 outlet side connects the end Vcc of main current supply circuit, wherein capacitor C2, resistance R2 and light
Relay J1 input side constitutes optical relay driving circuit.
It is highly preferred that the optical relay J1 includes the open type optical relay used for open circuit insurance and is used for short circuit
Insure the closed type optical relay used, the pin 1 of the open type optical relay connects one end of the resistance R2, described normal
The pin 2 of open form optical relay is grounded, the 3 linking objective circuit of pin of the open type optical relay, the open type light after
The pin 4 of electric appliance connects power supply；
The pin 1 of the closed type optical relay connects one end of the resistance R2, and the closed type optical relay draws
Foot 2 is grounded, and the pin 4 and pin 3 of the closed type optical relay outlet side are connected to the both ends of objective circuit current supply circuit, i.e.,
The closed type optical relay outlet side is in parallel with objective circuit.
The invention has the advantages that: the present invention to realize dual drop acceleration switch using patch encapsulation, by an open type liquid
Rate of addition switch and a closed type acceleration switch are composed, and can export blocking and by-passing signal simultaneously.Dual acceleration
Switch as overload insurance, defined threshold acceleration signal occur before can to objective circuit carry out short-circuit protection and reliably every
From the bypass and blocking of objective circuit can be released simultaneously after defined threshold and the acceleration signal in direction occur.
The insurance of dual acceleration switch over-loading increases filter circuit, voltage hold circuit and optical relay is driven to act, with filter
Except bullet is in early takeoff acceleration switch perseveration as caused by transient impact, guarantee acceleration switch only to bullet
The centrifugal force of stable state acceleration signal such as Rotary Projectile of the ball in flight course, rocket engine thrust are sensitive, in outer trajectory
Upper control optical relay delay switching on the ignition circuit or fuse main circuit, realize the requirement of the remote arming of ammunition, simultaneously
Optical relay, which is able to maintain output state to combat mission, to be terminated just to reset, and is realized self-sustaining and is restored insurance.
It cannot voluntarily be released after the locking of conventional belt blocking function acceleration switch, can only be disposable, to use, examining
Survey, performance rating are made troubles, and circuit proposed by the present invention has the function of output signal holding, after optical relay can be made to trigger
Output state to combat mission is kept to terminate just to reset, it is reusable, for detection, performance rating, adjusting parameter secondary development
It brings convenience.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure of stable state the overload identification and insurance circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on dual acceleration switch
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 identifies transparent with insurance circuit for the stable state overload provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on dual acceleration switch
The schematic diagram of the section structure of insulating top cover；
Fig. 3 is the conduction of stable state the overload identification and insurance circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on dual acceleration switch
The overlooking structure diagram of substrate；
Fig. 4 identifies normally closed with insurance circuit for the stable state overload provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on dual acceleration switch
The structural schematic diagram of type molten drop acceleration switch；
Fig. 5 is curve of output of the traditional spring-mass block formula acceleration switch under transient impact overload；
Fig. 6 is normal in the stable state overload identification provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on dual acceleration switch and insurance circuit
Curve of output of the open form molten drop acceleration switch under transient impact overload；
Fig. 7 is normal in the stable state overload identification provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on dual acceleration switch and insurance circuit
Curve of output of the open form molten drop acceleration switch under stable state acceleration overload；
Fig. 8 is the biliquid of stable state the overload identification and insurance circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on dual acceleration switch
Rate of addition switch package effect picture；
Fig. 9 identifies normally opened with insurance circuit for the stable state overload provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on dual acceleration switch
Type drop acceleration switch is closed the switch situation during the launch process, by recoil, centrifugal force bicyclic border masterpiece used time；
Figure 10 is the band of stable state the overload identification and insurance circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on dual acceleration switch
Filtering and output keep the identification of stable state overload and control circuit of function.
Description of symbols:
1- transparent insulation top cover, 101- lid, 102- lug boss chamber, 103- wedge type portion chamber, 2- molten drop, 3- are passed
Lead substrate, 301- insulating substrate, electrode in 302- first, 303- the second inner electrode, 304- adhering and sealing ring, 305- isolation trench
Slot, the first pad of 306-, the second pad of 307-, the first pin of 4-, 5- second pin, 601- closed type transparent insulation top cover,
602- molten drop one, 603- closed type conductive substrate, 701- open type transparent insulation top cover, 702- molten drop two, 703-
Open type conductive substrate.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the attached drawing in inventive embodiments, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Description, it is to be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation manner.
Referring to Fig.1-10, the present invention provides the identification of the stable state switched based on dual acceleration overload and insurance circuit and controls
Circuit,
Embodiment,
Referring to Fig.1, including open type acceleration switch S1 and closed type acceleration switch S2, input terminal Vin pass through it is described
Open type acceleration switch S1 is grounded after connecting with objective circuit, while the objective circuit and the closed type acceleration switch
It is grounded after S2 is in parallel, objective circuit power supply, the closed type acceleration switch are led in the open type acceleration switch S1 blocking
Objective circuit is switched to ground by S2, and two acceleration switch are unidirectional sensitive trigger and reusable acceleration switch,
Two switch sensitive directions it is identical, need acceleration switch to use as passive device suitable for certain, and require structure simply, can
It leans on, jamproof occasion.
Usually, open type acceleration switch S1 connects with objective circuit, exports disabling signal, is equivalent in circuit disconnected
Road insurance.Closed type acceleration switch S2 and objective circuit parallel output bypass (short circuit) signal, are equivalent to short circuit in circuit
Insurance.Objective circuit can be reliably isolated and short-circuit protection before the acceleration signal of defined threshold occurs, make target electricity
Road becomes the double insurance with open circuit insurance, short circuit insurance.After defined threshold and the acceleration signal in direction occur, two are opened
Simultaneously operation is closed, then can release the blocking and bypass of objective circuit simultaneously；When defined threshold and the acceleration signal in direction disappear,
The blocking and bypass of energy self- recoverage objective circuit again.
Dual acceleration switch due to using different action forms protects same objective circuit, as long as having normally opened
Type acceleration switch S1, closed type acceleration switch S2 either switch do not act, objective circuit cannot complete arming,
Only open type acceleration switch S1, closed type acceleration switch S2 are synchronous, could release blocking and bypass, objective circuit simultaneously
It can just work on power, the insurance to objective circuit could be released completely, therefore substantially increase the safety of insurance circuit and resist dry
Immunity, the acceleration switch for being typically different action form have different response speed and frequency of oscillation, meet with instantaneous acceleration
After impact, two switches may all vibrate, but the probability of synchronization action is smaller, therefore biswitch can be effectively reduced due to accelerating
Spend the malfunction that switch oscillating generates.
Vin is objective circuit initial firing current input terminal, open type acceleration switch S1, closed type acceleration switch S2 composition
Biswitch mounting area 4mm × 4mm, sensitive direction radial, the threshold value 40g that is directed toward bullet when installation, during projectile flight by
It is 50~200g in rotating the centrifugal force generated, thus usually, S1 is disconnected, and S2 closure, S1 has blocked objective circuit to power on, and S2 pairs
Objective circuit forms short-circuit protection.
Only when bullet is in state of flight, centrifugation overload is closed S1, while S2 is disconnected, and could release target electricity at this time
The insurance on road, objective circuit is in running order, and when objective circuit is electric cap, missile-borne computer exports ignition order, Vin
Export initial firing current, objective circuit detonation.If ammunition is not hit target, after bullet falls ground, S1 and S2 can be from extensive
Again to original state, restore the double insurance to objective circuit.
It include transparent insulation referring to Fig. 2, the open type acceleration switch S1 and the closed type acceleration switch S2
Top cover 1, molten drop 2 and conductive substrate 3, the molten drop 2 are located at the transparent insulation top cover 1 and the conductive substrate 3
It is engaged in the enclosure space after combining；
The transparent insulation top cover 1 includes lid 101, is hollow chamber inside the lid 101, and meet b > d >
2c, wherein b is the width of the chamber, and c is the height of the chamber, and d is the molten drop 2 before being packed into the chamber
Diameter；The chamber is along the figure that the section of switch sensitive direction is that rectangular upper portion lacks one jiao, and the chamber is along segmentation dotted line
It is divided into lug boss chamber 102 and wedge type portion chamber 103；The material of the transparent insulation top cover 1 is glass or transparent asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin
Molten drop location and shape can be observed through insulating top cover 1 in rouge, development phase can be to switch using high-speed camera
Dynamic detection and analysis assessment are carried out, more can accurately determine that the acceleration rate threshold of switch can be to switch in service stage
Carry out range estimation and accident analysis.
The molten drop 2 is mercury or the liquid amalgam containing 8.5% thallium.The freezing point of thallium amalgam is -60 DEG C, can be met
Requirement of the high authenticity product such as ammunition to operating temperature range.2 volume of molten drop accounts for 50% or more cavity volume, due to gold
It is big to belong to 2 surface tension of drop, has the tendency that autohemagglutination is one spherical and occupy in lug boss chamber 102 when static, works as sensitivity
When direction occurs more than the acceleration overload of threshold value, molten drop is whole to be slided to wedge type portion chamber 103, is squeezed by wedge type cavity
It deforms while switch on and off state being made to change, after acceleration overload, molten drop 2 recoils to lug boss chamber
102, Simultaneous Switching restores to original state.Since cavity space is limited, molten drop 2 occupies chamber major part space no matter
Molten drop how deformation, total energy keeps viscous and holds together.
Open type and closed type molten drop acceleration switch are all made of flat chamber and place molten drop, i.e. chamber interior
It is less than horizontal direction width along sensitive direction depth of section, after molten drop 2 is packed into chamber, during the bonding process, molten drop 2
It is flattened by chamber, is contacted with chamber top, bottom, drop is flowed to the direction vertical with sensitive direction during flattening, while band
There is certain prestressing force, increases and first electrode, the contact area of second electrode band.By the A-A view of Fig. 2 as it can be seen that metal
Drop 2 is a kind of sliding with chamber top, bottom contact when sensitive direction moves, while there are enough for two sides
Exhaust space, without special design exhaust passage.
Because using flat chamber structure, flatten molten drop naturally in encapsulation process in chamber, flattens
Drop is flowed to the direction vertical with sensitive direction in the process, and simultaneous with certain prestressing force, drop cannot be free after encapsulation
Flowing, improves anti-interference, initial prestressing force ensure that the anti-interference of molten drop, can inhibit self-oscillation, in gold
During belonging to liquid drop movement, molten drop two sides can be vented naturally, be not necessarily to special exhaust passage.Overall structure is simple, is easy
Guarantee the consistency and yield rate of processing technology.
Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the conductive substrate 3 includes insulating substrate 301 and is arranged in 1 upper surface of insulating substrate
Conductive metal layer, the conductive metal layer include be oppositely arranged in first in electrode 302 and second along switch sensitive direction it is electric
Pole 303, is arranged equal adhering and sealing ring 304 in described first on the outside of electrode 302 and the second inner electrode 303, in described first
It is insulated trench 305 between electrode 302, the second inner electrode 303 and the adhering and sealing ring 304；The insulated trench 305
Inside be marked with UV glue, fill and lead up the insulated trench 305 after the UV adhesive curing, and with described first in the height of electrode 302, institute
The height for stating the second inner electrode 303 is consistent with the height of the adhering and sealing ring 304.Electrode 302 is far from described in described first
303 one end of the second inner electrode connects the first pin 4, and the second inner electrode 303 is far from 302 one end of electrode connection in described first
Second pin 5, the switch sensitive direction are that the first pin is directed toward second pin direction.
The area of electrode 302 is greater than the area of the second inner electrode 303 for the dropwise addition of open type molten metal in described first
Speed switch, the open type molten drop acceleration switch described first in electrode 302 be located at the lug boss chamber 102
It is located at the second inner electrode 303 of the lower section of wedge type portion chamber 103, the open type molten drop acceleration switch
The lower section of wedge type portion chamber 103；The area of electrode 302 is less than the area of the second inner electrode 303 in described first
Closed type molten drop acceleration switch, the closed type molten drop acceleration switch described first in electrode 302 be located at
The second inner electrode 303 of the lower section of the lug boss chamber 102, the closed type molten drop acceleration switch is located at institute
State the lower section of lug boss chamber 102 and wedge type portion chamber 103.
It is curve of output of the traditional spring-mass block formula acceleration switch under transient impact overload referring to Fig. 5, it can
Find out, the acceleration switch that tradition " solid solid-" contacts, with the rebound of mass block, is detached from and connects between mass block and fixation electrode
Touching, switch-closed time is extremely short, and closing time shows as of short duration time " point ".
It is curve of output of the open type molten drop acceleration switch under transient impact overload referring to Fig. 6, by pressing in figure
Electric acceleration transducer measures impact acceleration peak value about 2000g, acceleration pulsewidth 2.6ms, due to the viscosity of molten drop, often
Open form molten drop acceleration switch continues closing time about 30ms after acceleration overload appearance, and closing time shows as longer
Time " section ".
It is curve of output of the open type molten drop acceleration switch under stable state acceleration overload referring to Fig. 7, test exists
Centrifugation overload test machine on carry out, when be centrifuged overload test machine starting after, switch state switchs to be closed by disconnecting, signal stabilization without
Spring.
It is placed side by side referring to Fig. 8, the open type acceleration switch S1 and closed type acceleration switch S2, makes sensitive direction
In the same direction, it is packaged into a double acceleration switch, totally 4 pins.The dual acceleration switch includes that closed type fixed side by side is transparent
Insulating top cover 601 and open type transparent insulation top cover 701, fixed side by side closed type conductive substrate 603 and open type conduct base
Plate 703 and molten drop 1 and molten drop 2 702, the closed type transparent insulation top cover 601 and the closed type
The molten drop 1 is fastened on internal cavities by conductive substrate 603, the open type transparent insulation top cover 701 and described
The molten drop 2 702 is fastened on internal cavities by open type conductive substrate 703.
On the basis of open type drop acceleration switch, it is further added by a closed type acceleration switch and is composed double acceleration
Degree switch.Two switches are unidirectional sensitive trigger and reusable acceleration switch, are impacted to the long pulse of sensitive direction
Overload and constant acceleration overload sensitive.Anti-interference ability is better than universal triggering type acceleration switch.Acceleration sensitive direction is
The first pin of switch 4 is directed toward 5 direction of second pin.Can by two switch side by side place, keep sensitive direction in the same direction, be packaged into one it is whole
Body, totally 4 pins, constitute dual acceleration switch, and the compatible SMA encapsulation of the switch is small in size, can anti-Large diameter convenient for integrated
Setback-impact overload when howitzer emits.After occurring more than the unidirectional stable state acceleration overload signal of threshold value, 2 switch states
It changes simultaneously and can stablize holding, after acceleration signal disappearance, switch can restPose, and on-state when closure is electric
Hinder about 0~20 Ω, off-state resistance > 1M Ω
The present invention can be set to open type or normally closed by adjusting the area ratio of electrode and the second inner electrode in first
Type belongs to unidirectional sensitive trigger and reusable acceleration switch, long pulse impact acceleration to sensitive direction and it is constant plus
Speed overload sensitive.Anti-interference ability is better than universal triggering type acceleration switch.Acceleration sensitive direction is the first pin of switch 4
It is directed toward 5 direction of second pin.The compatible SMA encapsulation of the switch, it is small in size, convenient for integrated, can the transmitting of anti-Large diameter howitzer when
Setback-impact overload.After occurring more than the unidirectional stable state acceleration overload signal of threshold value, switch state changes (closed type
Conducting, open type closure) and holding can be stablized, after acceleration signal disappears, switch can restPose.
Referring to Fig. 9, switch uses drop as coasting body in S1, S2 acceleration switch, there is preferable buffering shock resistance,
Drop itself concussion deformation after an impact, is still able to maintain electrical contact.Its switch motion time is longer than with spring --- mass block
For the acceleration switch of structure.
On the basis of Fig. 1, increase filter circuit, the driving optical relay movement of voltage sample holding circuit, to filter out bullet
It is vibrated in early takeoff acceleration switch as caused by transient impact, guarantees that acceleration switch was only flying to bullet
The centrifugal force of stable state acceleration signal such as Rotary Projectile in journey, rocket engine thrust are sensitive, controlled on outer trajectory light after
Objective circuit such as firing circuit or fuse main circuit etc. are connected in electric appliance delay, realize the requirement of the remote arming of ammunition.
Referring to Fig.1 0, a kind of band filter based on the stable state overload identification based on dual acceleration switch and insurance circuit
Wave and output keep the identification of stable state overload and control circuit of function, including open type acceleration switch S3 and closed type acceleration
Switch S4 is packaged into a sensitive direction entirety in the same direction side by side, after the input terminal Vin connection open type acceleration switch S3
It is grounded after being sequentially connected in series resistance R1 and capacitor C1, a termination of the closed type acceleration switch S4 close to the input terminal Vin
Ground, other end shunt regulator diode V1 and capacitor C1, the zener diode V1 other end are grounded, wherein resistance R1, pressure stabilizing
Diode V1 and capacitor C1 constitutes low-pass filter circuit；
Operational amplifier U1 is voltage sampling circuit, the positive power source terminal of input terminal Vin connection operational amplifier U1, the fortune
The negative power end ground connection of amplifier U1 is calculated, the capacitor C1 connects the input in the same direction of the operational amplifier U1 far from ground connection one end
End, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 connect the output end of the operational amplifier U1, the operational amplifier U1
Output end series connection light emitting diode V2 after shunt capacitance C2, resistance R2 and resistance R3, the other end and resistance of the capacitor C2
The other end of R2 is grounded, and wherein capacitor light emitting diode V2, capacitor C2 and resistance R3 constitute output holding circuit, adjustment R3 and
The value of C2 can adjust the output signal retention time.
The pin 1 of the other end connection optical relay J1 input side of the resistance R2, the optical relay J1 input side
Pin 2 is grounded, and is grounded after the 3 linking objective circuit of optical relay J1 outlet side pin, the optical relay J1 outlet side
Pin 4 connects the end Vcc of main current supply circuit, and wherein capacitor C2, resistance R2 and optical relay J1 outlet side constitute optical relay driving
Circuit, wherein optical relay J1 can be with selecting open type optical relay or closed type optical relay according to user demand, wherein often
Open form optical relay can be used as open circuit insurance and use, and closed type optical relay can be used as short circuit insurance and use.
The pin 1 of the open type optical relay connects one end of the resistance R2, and the open type optical relay draws
Foot 2 is grounded, and the 3 linking objective circuit of pin of the open type optical relay, the pin 4 of the open type optical relay connects main electricity
Source, such as Figure 10.
The pin 1 of the closed type optical relay connects one end of the resistance R2, and the closed type optical relay draws
Foot 2 is grounded, and the pin 3 and pin 4 of the closed type optical relay are in parallel with objective circuit.
Usually C1 is opened a way by S1, while C1 guarantees that the end C1 voltage is 0 by S2 short circuit, interferes when encountering transient impact overload
When, S1 cannot stablize holding by being closed into open circuit by open circuit to closure, S2, then C1 is during intermittent charge with S2's
Intermittent discharge, can since transient impact overload typically lasts for the time within 30ms since C1 charge constant is R1*C1
Make R1*C1 >=100 millisecond, short circuit dischange is substantially at when C1 is discharged by S2, charge constant is much larger than discharge time
Constant, the velocity of discharge is far faster than charging rate, therefore the charging of C1 cannot be completed, and optical relay J1 cannot be driven to act, therefore
Low-pass filtering is realized, the interference of transient impact initiation has been filtered out.
When meeting the stable state acceleration overload of sensitive direction, when such as rotating centrifugal overload, engine linear thrust overload, S1
Holding can be stablized by being closed into open circuit by open circuit to closure, S2, C1 persistently charges at this time, while U1 uses voltage follower
Connection will export after the sampling of C1 side pressure to V2 and C2, and C2 voltage is enable to follow the C1 voltage change (end C2 ratio C1 voltage only low two
The conduction voltage drop of pole pipe V2), when the end C1 voltage increases, C2 and the electric current also synchronous raising for flowing into J1 pin 1, when J1 pin 1
Input current when being more than 1.4mA (the average motion LED current IFON=1.4mA for setting J1), J1 is acted, and driving 3,4 is drawn
Foot state change (conducting turns to block, or blocks transduction logical) is to realize arming.
When stable state acceleration overload continues for some time, then C1 voltage can be increased to the pressure stabilizing value of V1 voltage-stabiliser tube, at this time C2
Voltage also synchronizes further raising, while when the input current of J1 pin 1 is far more than 1.4mA.Meet interference overload or steady again at this time
State acceleration overload disappears, and it is constant that optical relay J1 is also able to maintain output state, keeps to realize output.
When combat mission terminates, if bullet is not ignited at this time, with the decline of the end C2 voltage, optical relay J1 pin 1
Input current also synchronous decline, when being down to 1.3mA or less (the average reset LED current IFOff=1.3mA for setting J1), light after
Electric appliance resets, to realize recovery insurance.
When VCC is 20V, voltage-stabiliser tube V1 is 12V, and C2 takes 6800uF, R2 that 2K Ω, R3 is taken to take 100K Ω, R1 and C1 value is protected
Demonstrate,prove R1*C1 >=100ms, then can be self-sustaining output state constant 10 seconds or more after optical relay movement, when if you need to extend self-sustaining
Between, it is possible to increase C2 turns R3 down.
In conclusion the present invention realizes dual drop acceleration switch using patch encapsulation, accelerated by an open type drop
Degree switch and a closed type acceleration switch are composed, and can export blocking and by-passing signal simultaneously.Dual acceleration switch is made
For overload insurance, short-circuit protection and reliable isolation can be carried out to objective circuit before the acceleration signal of defined threshold occurs, when
After defined threshold and the acceleration signal in direction occur, the bypass and blocking of objective circuit can be released simultaneously.
The insurance of dual acceleration switch over-loading increases filter circuit, voltage hold circuit and optical relay is driven to act, with filter
Except bullet is in early takeoff acceleration switch perseveration as caused by transient impact, guarantee acceleration switch only to bullet
The centrifugal force of stable state acceleration signal such as Rotary Projectile of the ball in flight course, rocket engine thrust are sensitive, in outer trajectory
Upper control optical relay delay switching on the ignition circuit or fuse main circuit, realize the requirement of the remote arming of ammunition, simultaneously
Optical relay, which is able to maintain output state to combat mission, to be terminated just to reset, and is realized self-sustaining and is restored insurance.
It cannot voluntarily be released after the locking of conventional belt blocking function acceleration switch, can only be disposable, to use, examining
Survey, performance rating are made troubles, and circuit proposed by the present invention has the function of output signal holding, after optical relay can be made to trigger
Output state to combat mission is kept to terminate just to reset, it is reusable, for detection, performance rating, adjusting parameter secondary development
It brings convenience.
Disclosed above is only a specific embodiment of the invention, and still, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, is appointed
What what those skilled in the art can think variation should all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the identification of stable state overload and insurance circuit based on dual acceleration switch, which is characterized in that opened including open type acceleration
After pass S1 and closed type acceleration switch S2, input terminal Vin are connected by the open type acceleration switch S1 with objective circuit
Ground connection, at the same the objective circuit it is in parallel with the closed type acceleration switch S2 after be grounded, the open type acceleration switch
For blocking the power supply for leading to objective circuit, the closed type acceleration switch S2 is used for objective circuit grounding shunt S1.
2. the stable state overload identification based on dual acceleration switch and insurance circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states open type acceleration switch S1 and the closed type acceleration switch S2 includes transparent insulation top cover (1), molten drop (2)
With conductive substrate (3), the molten drop (2) is located at the transparent insulation top cover (1) and the conductive substrate (3) is engaged combination
In enclosure space afterwards；
The transparent insulation top cover (1) includes lid (101), is hollow chamber inside the lid (101), and meet b > d >
2c, wherein b is the width of the chamber, and c is the height of the chamber, and d is that the molten drop (2) are being packed into the chamber
Preceding diameter；The chamber is along the pentagon that the section of switch sensitive direction is that rectangular upper portion lacks one jiao, and the chamber is along segmentation
Dotted line is divided into lug boss chamber (102) and wedge type portion chamber (103)；
The conductive substrate (3) includes insulating substrate (301) and the conductive metal in the setting of the insulating substrate (301) upper surface
Layer, the conductive metal layer include being oppositely arranged electrode in first (302) and the second inner electrode (303) along switch sensitive direction,
Equal adhering and sealing ring (304) is set on the outside of electrode (302) and the second inner electrode (303) in described first, in described first
It is between electrode (302), the second inner electrode (303) and the adhering and sealing ring (304) insulated trench (305)；
The area of electrode (302) is greater than the area of the second inner electrode (303) for the dropwise addition of open type molten metal in described first
Speed switch, the open type molten drop acceleration switch described first in electrode (302) be located at the lug boss chamber
(102) and the lower section of wedge type portion chamber (103), the second inner electrode of the open type molten drop acceleration switch
(303) it is located at the lower section of wedge type portion chamber (103)；The area of electrode (302) is less than electricity in described second in described first
The area of pole (303) is closed type molten drop acceleration switch, described the of the closed type molten drop acceleration switch
Electrode (302) is located at the lower section of the lug boss chamber (102) in one, the closed type molten drop acceleration switch it is described
The second inner electrode (303) is located at the lower section of the lug boss chamber (102) and wedge type portion chamber (103).
3. the stable state overload identification based on dual acceleration switch and insurance circuit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
The material for stating transparent insulation top cover (1) is glass or transparent epoxy resin.
4. the stable state overload identification based on dual acceleration switch and insurance circuit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
Stating molten drop (2) is mercury or the liquid amalgam containing 8.5% thallium.
5. the stable state overload identification based on dual acceleration switch and insurance circuit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
Electrode in first (302) are stated far from the second inner electrode (303) one end connection the first pin (4), the second inner electrode
(303) far from electrode (302) one end connection second pin (5) in described first, the switch sensitive direction refers to for the first pin
To second pin direction.
6. the stable state overload identification based on dual acceleration switch and insurance circuit as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that institute
It states open type acceleration switch S1 and closed type acceleration switch S2 is placed side by side, keep sensitive direction in the same direction, be packaged into one pair
Acceleration switch, totally 4 pins.
7. the stable state overload identification based on dual acceleration switch and insurance circuit as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
State dual acceleration switch include fixed side by side closed type transparent insulation top cover (601) and open type transparent insulation top cover (701),
Fixed closed type conductive substrate (603) and open type conductive substrate (703) and molten drop one (602) and metal side by side
Drop two (702), the closed type transparent insulation top cover (601) and the closed type conductive substrate (603) are by the molten metal
One (602) of drop are fastened on internal cavities, the open type transparent insulation top cover (701) and the open type conductive substrate (703)
The molten drop two (702) is fastened on internal cavities.
8. the stable state overload identification based on dual acceleration switch and insurance circuit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
It states and is marked with UV glue in insulated trench (305), fill and lead up the insulated trench (305) after the UV adhesive curing, and with described first
Height, the height of the second inner electrode (303) of interior electrode (302) are consistent with the height of the adhering and sealing ring (304).
9. a kind of band filtering based on the stable state overload identification based on dual acceleration switch and insurance circuit described in claim 1
The identification of stable state overload and control circuit of function are kept with output, which is characterized in that including open type acceleration switch S3 and often
Closed form acceleration switch S4 is packaged into a sensitive direction entirety in the same direction side by side, and the input terminal Vin connection open type accelerates
It is grounded after being sequentially connected in series resistance R1 and capacitor C1 after degree switch S3, the closed type acceleration switch S4 is close to the input terminal
One end of Vin is grounded, other end shunt regulator diode V1 and capacitor C1, the zener diode V1 other end ground connection, wherein
Resistance R1, zener diode V1 and capacitor C1 constitute low-pass filter circuit；
The positive power source terminal of input terminal Vin connection operational amplifier U1, the negative power end ground connection of the operational amplifier U1, the electricity
Hold the noninverting input that C1 connects the operational amplifier U1 far from ground connection one end, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1
Connect the output end of the operational amplifier U1, electricity in parallel after the output end series connection light emitting diode V2 of the operational amplifier U1
Hold C2, resistance R2 and resistance R3, the other end of the capacitor C2 and the other end of resistance R2 to be grounded, wherein capacitor light-emitting diodes
Pipe V2, capacitor C2 and resistance R3 constitute output holding circuit；The other end of the resistance R2 connects optical relay J1 input side, institute
It is grounded after stating optical relay J1 outlet side linking objective circuit, wherein capacitor C2, resistance R2 and optical relay J1 input side are constituted
Optical relay driving circuit.
10. as claimed in claim 9 keep the stable state overload identification of function and control circuit, feature to exist with filtering and output
In the optical relay J1 includes the open type optical relay used for open circuit insurance and uses for short circuit insurance normally closed
Type optical relay, the pin 1 of the open type optical relay connect one end of the resistance R2, the open type optical relay
Pin 2 is grounded, and the 3 linking objective circuit of pin of the open type optical relay, the pin 4 of the open type optical relay connects electricity
Source；
The pin 1 of the closed type optical relay connects one end of the resistance R2, and the pin 2 of the closed type optical relay connects
Ground, the pin 4 and pin 3 of the closed type optical relay outlet side are connected to the both ends of objective circuit current supply circuit, described normal
Closed form optical relay outlet side is in parallel with objective circuit.
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| CN201910796862.2A CN110500923B (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Steady-state overload recognition and safety circuit based on double acceleration switches and control circuit |
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| CN201910796862.2A CN110500923B (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Steady-state overload recognition and safety circuit based on double acceleration switches and control circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114336504A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-12 | 贵州航天电子科技有限公司 | Electromechanical safety actuating mechanism overload identification control system |
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| CN110500923B (en) | 2021-09-21 |
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