CN110500207B - Mechanical fuel steam recovery device based on air bag gas storage and working method thereof - Google Patents
Mechanical fuel steam recovery device based on air bag gas storage and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110500207B CN110500207B CN201910875383.XA CN201910875383A CN110500207B CN 110500207 B CN110500207 B CN 110500207B CN 201910875383 A CN201910875383 A CN 201910875383A CN 110500207 B CN110500207 B CN 110500207B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
- F02M25/0836—Arrangement of valves controlling the admission of fuel vapour to an engine, e.g. valve being disposed between fuel tank or absorption canister and intake manifold
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
- F02M25/0854—Details of the absorption canister
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanical fuel vapor recovery device based on air bag gas storage, which comprises an engine gasoline tank, a vapor delivery pipe, a mechanical fuel vapor adsorption carbon tank, a vapor recovery pipe and an engine intake manifold, wherein the engine gasoline tank is connected with the vapor delivery pipe; the fuel vapor leading-out end at the top of the engine gasoline tank is communicated with the vapor leading-in end of the mechanical fuel vapor adsorption carbon tank through the vapor leading-out pipe; the invention can timely store fuel vapor in the fuel tank, can timely release the pressure of the fuel tank when the pressure is increased to the pressure release critical value, can recover the fuel vapor released by adsorption, and can realize that the adsorbed gasoline is re-evaporated by negative pressure to be used for combustion of an engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy comprehensive application.
Background
Outdoor gasoline engine is under idle state, and its inside cooling system does not open, especially under the high temperature environment of insolate, and the temperature in the oil tank can rise, and then causes the fuel steam in the oil tank to increase, and then causes the phenomenon of oil tank atmospheric pressure increase, if the not timely discharge of gasoline steam can cause the unlimited increase of oil tank atmospheric pressure to dangerous critical value, if direct discharge to the environment, still can cause the energy waste when can causing environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a mechanical fuel vapor recovery device capable of recovering gasoline vapor and based on air bag storage and a working method thereof.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the mechanical fuel vapor recovery device based on air bag storage comprises an engine gasoline tank, a vapor delivery pipe, a mechanical fuel vapor adsorption carbon tank, a vapor recovery pipe and an engine intake manifold, wherein the engine gasoline tank is connected with the vapor delivery pipe; the fuel vapor leading-out end at the top of the engine gasoline tank is communicated with the vapor leading-in end of the mechanical fuel vapor adsorption carbon tank through the vapor leading-out pipe; the steam outlet end of the mechanical fuel steam adsorption carbon tank is connected with the engine intake manifold through the steam recovery pipe in a bypass mode; the mechanical fuel steam adsorption carbon tank
The steam recovery pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve; the delivery end of the steam delivery pipe is provided with a one-way valve for preventing gas from flowing backwards.
Furthermore, the mechanical fuel vapor adsorption carbon tank comprises a vertical columnar tank body, a first cylindrical wall body is coaxially arranged inside the tank body, and an activated carbon filling annular cavity is formed between the first cylindrical wall body and the inner wall of the tank body; a breathing annular cavity is coaxially arranged on the upper side of the activated carbon filling annular cavity, a plurality of breathing openings are arranged on the outer annular wall of the breathing annular cavity in a circumferential array in a hollowed-out manner, and the breathing annular cavity is communicated with the external environment through the breathing openings; the breathing ring cavity and the activated carbon filling ring cavity are separated by an upper mesh separating disc, a plurality of upper air guide meshes are uniformly distributed and hollowed on the upper mesh separating disc, and the breathing ring cavity and the activated carbon filling ring cavity are communicated with each other through the upper air guide meshes;
the lower side of the activated carbon filling ring cavity is coaxially provided with a negative pressure ring cavity; the negative pressure ring cavity and the activated carbon filling ring cavity are separated by a lower mesh separating disc, a plurality of lower air guide meshes are hollowed out on the lower mesh separating disc, and the activated carbon filling ring cavity and the negative pressure ring cavity are communicated with each other through the lower air guide meshes; and the air inlet of the steam recovery pipe is communicated with the negative pressure ring cavity.
Further, a second cylindrical wall body is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the first cylindrical wall body, and a gas distribution annular cavity is formed between the second cylindrical wall body and the first cylindrical wall body; a plurality of steam overflow meshes are uniformly distributed on the lower half wall body of the first cylindrical wall body, and the steam overflow meshes are used for communicating the gas distribution annular cavity with the activated carbon filling annular cavity.
Further, a third cylindrical wall body is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the second cylindrical wall body, and a piston ring cavity is formed between the third cylindrical wall body and the second cylindrical wall body; a plurality of air distribution holes are distributed on the lower part wall body of the second cylindrical wall body in an equidistant array along the longitudinal direction; an annular piston is coaxially arranged in the piston ring cavity, and a rubber outer ring of the annular piston is in sliding sealing fit with the inner wall of the second cylindrical wall body; the rubber inner ring of the annular piston is in sliding sealing fit with the outer wall of the third cylindrical wall body; the upper side of the annular piston is provided with an upper piston ring cavity, and the lower side of the annular piston is provided with a lower piston ring cavity; and a pressure control spring is coaxially arranged in the lower piston ring cavity, and the upper end of the pressure control spring elastically pushes the annular piston upwards.
Furthermore, activated carbon adsorption particles are filled in the activated carbon filling ring cavity.
Further, a transition annular cavity is coaxially arranged on the upper side of the upper piston annular cavity, a plurality of first air guide holes are hollowed in the wall body at the top end of the upper piston annular cavity, and the transition annular cavity is communicated with the top end of the upper piston annular cavity through the first air guide holes; the inner side of the third cylindrical wall body is provided with an air inlet column cavity; the lower end of the air inlet column cavity is communicated with the leading-out end of the steam leading-out pipe;
a telescopic air bag is arranged above the tank body, the telescopic air bag is of a flexible rubber cylinder structure which is coaxial with the tank body, the longitudinal section of the cylinder structure of the telescopic air bag is in a sawtooth shape, and the telescopic air bag can stretch along the axial direction of the cylinder structure of the telescopic air bag; the lower end of the telescopic air bag cylinder structure is fixedly and hermetically connected with the outline edge of the upper end wall body of the tank body; the upper end of the telescopic air bag cylinder structure is fixedly and hermetically connected with a hard disc body coaxially; the inner cavity of the telescopic air bag is a telescopic air storage inner cavity; the upper end of the air inlet column cavity is coaxially communicated with the telescopic air storage inner cavity through a central hole; a movable ring body is arranged in the air inlet column cavity in a sliding manner coaxially with the axis, a through hole which is communicated up and down is formed in the inner side of the movable ring body, an air bag return spring is coaxially arranged between the movable ring body and the central hole, and the lower end of the air bag return spring elastically pushes the movable ring body downwards; transition holes are hollowed in the inner annular wall of the transition annular cavity and communicate the transition annular cavity with the air inlet column cavity; a linkage rod extending downwards is fixedly connected to the axis of the lower side surface of the hard disc body, the linkage rod penetrates through the central hole downwards, and the lower end of the linkage rod is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the movable ring body through a connecting bent rod; the vertical displacement of the movable ring body can drive the hard disc body to vertically displace through the linkage rod.
Furthermore, a plurality of vertical air bag restraint upright posts are arranged on the periphery of the telescopic air bag in a circumferential array; the lower end of each air bag restraint upright post is fixedly connected with the contour edge of the upper end wall body, a limiting disc is coaxially and horizontally arranged above the hard disc body, and the contour edge of the lower side of the limiting disc is fixedly connected with the upper end of each air bag restraint upright post; the air bag restraining stand columns and the limiting disc form a cage body structure, and the telescopic air bag is located on the inner side of the cage body structure.
Further, the working method of the mechanical fuel vapor recovery device based on air bag storage comprises the following steps:
in the initial state, the electromagnetic valve is in a closed state, the steam recovery pipe is in a blocked state, no gas exists in the telescopic air bag, the movable ring body is positioned at the lower end of the air inlet column cavity under the elastic jacking action of the air bag reset spring, and the telescopic air bag is in a contracted state; meanwhile, the annular piston is positioned at the upper end of the piston annular cavity under the elastic jacking action of the pressure control spring in the initial state, and the upper piston annular cavity is not communicated with any air distribution hole in the state, so that the upper piston annular cavity is not communicated with the outside;
when the engine does not run and the gasoline tank of the engine is in the condition of sunshine, gasoline vapor can be continuously generated in the sealed gasoline tank of the engine at the moment, so that the air pressure in the gasoline tank of the engine can be increased, the fuel vapor generated in the gasoline tank of the engine is gradually led into the air inlet column cavity through the vapor leading-out pipe at the moment, then the gasoline vapor in the air inlet column cavity is gradually led into the flexible gas storage inner cavity through the central hole under the action of the air pressure, the air pressure in the flexible gas storage inner cavity is gradually increased along with the continuous generation of the vapor in the gasoline tank of the engine, the air pressure in the flexible gas storage inner cavity generates upward thrust to the hard disk body, so that the hard disk body gradually starts to move upward, the flexible air bag gradually starts to stretch along the axial direction from the contraction state, and the volume of the flexible gas storage inner cavity is gradually increased, at the moment, the telescopic gas storage inner cavity gradually stores gasoline steam; the hard disc body can drive the movable ring body to gradually move upwards through the linkage rod in the process of gradually moving upwards, the upward movement of the movable ring body enables the air bag reset spring to gradually contract, the spring restoring force of the air bag reset spring is gradually increased, the downward pulling force of the linkage rod on the hard disc body is further gradually increased, and then the positive correlation effect between the volume in the telescopic air storage cavity and the air pressure in the telescopic air storage cavity is generated, so that the more gasoline steam is stored in the telescopic air storage cavity, the larger the internal air pressure is, and the larger the air pressure is, and the effect of inhibiting the evaporation speed in the gasoline tank of the engine can be achieved in turn; if the oil tank cover of the engine gasoline tank is suddenly opened at the moment, the normal pressure in the engine gasoline tank can be recovered, and gasoline steam stored in the telescopic gas storage inner cavity cannot flow back to the engine gasoline tank through the steam delivery pipe due to the existence of the one-way valve, so that the effect of preventing excessive steam from escaping is achieved;
meanwhile, as the telescopic gas storage inner cavity, the transition ring cavity, the gas inlet column cavity and the upper piston ring cavity are communicated with each other, the air pressure in the upper piston ring cavity and the telescopic gas storage inner cavity is always synchronous, after the air pressure in the upper piston ring cavity is increased along with the air pressure in the telescopic gas storage inner cavity, the increased air pressure in the upper piston ring cavity can push the annular piston to move downwards, when the air pressure in the telescopic air storage inner cavity is increased to a threshold value needing pressure relief, the annular piston moves downwards for a preset distance under the action of the air pressure to enable the upper piston ring cavity to be communicated with the uppermost air distribution hole, at the moment, gasoline steam in the upper piston ring cavity is led into the air distribution ring cavity through the uppermost air distribution hole, if the air pressure in the telescopic air storage inner cavity is continuously increased, the annular piston can continuously move downwards under the action of the air pressure, so that more air distribution holes are communicated with the upper piston annular cavity, and the air leakage speed in the telescopic air storage inner cavity is increased; gasoline vapor entering the air distribution ring cavity slowly overflows to the lower part of the activated carbon filled ring cavity through a plurality of vapor overflow meshes, most of the gasoline vapor entering the activated carbon filled ring cavity is adsorbed by activated carbon particles in the activated carbon filled ring cavity, and a small part of gasoline vapor which is not completely adsorbed is guided into the breathing ring cavity through a plurality of upper air guide meshes, and finally the gasoline vapor which is not completely adsorbed is diffused into the air; along with the continuous exhaust of gasoline vapor through the air distribution holes, the air pressure in the telescopic air storage inner cavity is gradually reduced, the telescopic air bag is also gradually and slowly contracted along the axis direction, at the moment, the annular piston can gradually move upwards under the elastic action of the pressure control spring, when the air pressure in the telescopic air bag is reduced to a threshold value needing pressure relief, the annular piston is already moved upwards to a position higher than all the air distribution holes, at the moment, the annular cavity of the upper piston is not communicated with any air distribution hole, so that the telescopic air storage inner cavity is restored to a state isolated from the external environment again, and the fuel vapor is continuously stored;
when the engine is started, the cooling system of the engine is started, the temperature of a gasoline tank of the engine is reduced, the air pressure in the telescopic gas storage inner cavity is not increased, the telescopic gas storage inner cavity is in a closed state and does not leak fuel oil, when the engine runs, the control electromagnetic valve is opened, the steam recovery pipe is in a smooth state, when the engine runs, an air inlet manifold of the engine automatically generates continuous negative pressure due to an air suction stroke, so that negative pressure is generated in the steam recovery pipe, the negative pressure is generated in the negative pressure annular cavity, negative pressure is finally formed in the activated carbon filling annular cavity, gasoline steam adsorbed by activated carbon in the activated carbon filling annular cavity is re-evaporated under the negative pressure environment, meanwhile, external air is timely supplemented into the activated carbon filling annular cavity through the upper gas guide meshes, and the re-evaporated gasoline steam is sucked into the negative pressure annular cavity through the lower gas guide meshes, finally, fuel steam is sucked into an engine intake manifold through a steam recovery pipe, so that the fuel steam is led into an engine combustion chamber along with the engine intake manifold for combustion; thereby realizing the recycling of the fuel steam.
Has the advantages that: the invention can timely store fuel vapor in the fuel tank, can timely release the pressure of the fuel tank when the pressure is increased to the pressure release critical value, can recover the fuel vapor released by adsorption, and can realize that the adsorbed gasoline is re-evaporated by negative pressure to be used for combustion of an engine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mechanical fuel vapor adsorption carbon canister;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first cut-away configuration of a mechanical fuel vapor adsorption canister;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic sectional view of a mechanical fuel vapor adsorption canister;
FIG. 5 is a third schematic sectional view of a mechanical fuel vapor adsorption canister;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the central aperture of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic front sectional view of a mechanical fuel vapor adsorption canister;
fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view at 47 of fig. 7.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The mechanical fuel vapor recovery device based on air bag storage as shown in fig. 1 to 8 comprises an engine gasoline tank 2, a vapor delivery pipe 11, a mechanical fuel vapor adsorption carbon tank 3, a vapor recovery pipe 15 and an engine intake manifold 4; the fuel vapor leading-out end at the top of the gasoline tank 2 of the engine is communicated with the vapor leading-in end of the mechanical fuel vapor adsorption carbon tank 3 through the vapor leading-out pipe 11; the steam outlet end of the mechanical fuel steam adsorption carbon tank 3 is connected with the engine intake manifold 4 in a bypass mode through the steam recovery pipe 15; the mechanical fuel steam adsorption carbon tank 3
The steam recovery pipe 15 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 5; the outlet end of the steam outlet pipe 11 is provided with a check valve 46 for preventing gas from flowing back.
The mechanical fuel vapor adsorption carbon tank 3 comprises a vertical columnar tank body 10, a first cylindrical wall body 21 is coaxially arranged inside the tank body 10, and an activated carbon filling annular cavity 19 is formed between the first cylindrical wall body 21 and the inner wall of the tank body 10; a breathing annular cavity 40 is coaxially arranged on the upper side of the activated carbon filling annular cavity 19, a plurality of breathing openings 14 are arranged on the outer annular wall of the breathing annular cavity 40 in a circumferential array in a hollow manner, and the breathing annular cavity 40 is communicated with the external environment through each breathing opening 14; the breathing ring cavity 40 and the activated carbon filling ring cavity 19 are separated by an upper mesh separating disc 18, a plurality of upper air guide meshes 39 are uniformly distributed and hollowed on the upper mesh separating disc 18, and the breathing ring cavity 40 and the activated carbon filling ring cavity 19 are communicated with each other through the upper air guide meshes 39;
a negative pressure annular cavity 22 is coaxially arranged at the lower side of the activated carbon filling annular cavity 19; the negative pressure ring cavity 22 and the activated carbon filling ring cavity 19 are separated by a lower mesh separating disc 20, a plurality of lower air guide meshes 32 are hollowed out on the lower mesh separating disc 20, and the activated carbon filling ring cavity 19 and the negative pressure ring cavity 22 are communicated with each other through each lower air guide mesh 32; the air inlet of the steam recovery pipe 15 is communicated with the negative pressure annular cavity 22.
A second cylindrical wall body 30 is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the first cylindrical wall body 21, and a gas distribution annular cavity 29 is formed between the second cylindrical wall body 30 and the first cylindrical wall body 21; a plurality of steam overflow meshes 27 are uniformly distributed on the lower half wall body of the first cylindrical wall body 21, and the gas distribution annular cavity 29 and the activated carbon filling annular cavity 19 are communicated with each other through the steam overflow meshes 27.
A third cylindrical wall body 33 is coaxially arranged inside the second cylindrical wall body 30, and a piston ring cavity 36 is formed between the third cylindrical wall body 33 and the second cylindrical wall body 30; a plurality of air distribution holes 37 are distributed on the lower part wall body of the second cylindrical wall body 30 in an equidistant array along the longitudinal direction; an annular piston 50 is coaxially arranged in the piston ring cavity 36, and a rubber outer ring 50.2 of the annular piston 50 is in sliding sealing fit with the inner wall of the second cylindrical wall body 30; the rubber inner ring 50.1 of the annular piston 50 is in sliding sealing fit with the outer wall of the third cylinder wall body 33; the upper side of the annular piston 50 is an upper piston ring cavity 36.1, and the lower side of the annular piston 50 is a lower piston ring cavity 36.2; a pressure control spring 31 is coaxially arranged in the lower piston ring cavity 36.2, and the upper end of the pressure control spring 31 elastically supports and presses the annular piston 50 upwards.
The activated carbon filled ring cavity 19 of this embodiment is filled with activated carbon adsorbent particles 49.
A transition annular cavity 28 is coaxially arranged on the upper side of the upper piston annular cavity 36.1, a plurality of first air guide holes 41 are hollowed in the wall body at the top end of the upper piston annular cavity 36.1, and the transition annular cavity 28 is communicated with the top end of the upper piston annular cavity 36.1 through the first air guide holes 41; the inner side of the third cylindrical wall body 33 is provided with an air inlet cylinder cavity 35; the lower end of the air inlet column cavity 35 is communicated with the leading-out end of the steam leading-out pipe 11;
a telescopic air bag 12 is arranged above the tank body 10, the telescopic air bag 12 is a flexible rubber cylinder structure coaxial with the tank body 10, the longitudinal section of the cylinder structure of the telescopic air bag 12 is in a sawtooth shape, and the telescopic air bag 12 can stretch along the axial direction of the cylinder structure; the lower end of the cylindrical structure of the telescopic air bag 12 is fixedly and hermetically connected with the outline edge of the upper end wall body 48 of the tank body 10; the upper end of the cylinder structure of the telescopic air bag 12 is fixedly and hermetically connected with a hard disc body 8 coaxially; the inner cavity of the telescopic air bag 12 is a telescopic air storage inner cavity 16; the upper end of the air inlet column cavity 35 is coaxially communicated with the telescopic air storage inner cavity 16 through a central hole 17; a movable ring body 45 is coaxially and slidably arranged in the air inlet column cavity 35, a through hole 44 which is vertically communicated is formed in the inner side of the movable ring body 45, an air bag return spring 42 is coaxially arranged between the movable ring body 45 and the central hole 17, and the lower end of the air bag return spring 42 elastically pushes the movable ring body 45 downwards; transition holes 24 are hollowed in the inner annular wall 25 of the transition annular cavity 28, and the transition holes 24 communicate the transition annular cavity 28 with the air inlet column cavity 35; a linkage rod 23 extending downwards is fixedly connected to the axis of the lower side surface of the hard disc body 8, the linkage rod 23 penetrates through the central hole 17 downwards, and the lower end of the linkage rod 23 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the movable ring body 45 through a connecting bent rod 43; the up-and-down displacement of the movable ring body 45 can drive the hard disc body 8 to move up and down through the linkage rod 23.
A plurality of vertical air bag restraint upright posts 9 are arranged on the periphery of the telescopic air bag 12 in a circumferential array; the lower end of each air bag restraint upright post 9 is fixedly connected with the contour edge of the upper end wall body 48, a limiting disc 13 is coaxially and horizontally arranged above the hard disc body 8, and the contour edge at the lower side of the limiting disc 13 is fixedly connected with the upper end of each air bag restraint upright post 9; the air bag restraint upright posts 9 and the limiting disc 13 form a cage body structure, and the telescopic air bag 12 is positioned on the inner side of the cage body structure.
The working method and the technical principle of the scheme are as follows:
in the initial state, the electromagnetic valve 5 is in a closed state, the steam recovery pipe 15 is in a blocked state, no gas exists in the telescopic air bag 12, the movable ring body 45 is positioned at the lower end position of the air inlet column cavity 35 under the elastic jacking action of the air bag return spring 42, and the telescopic air bag 12 is further in a contracted state; meanwhile, the annular piston 50 is located at the upper end of the piston annular cavity 36 under the elastic jacking action of the pressure control spring 31 in the initial state, and the upper piston annular cavity 36.1 is not communicated with any air distribution hole 37 in the initial state, so that the upper piston annular cavity 36.1 is not communicated with the outside;
when the engine does not operate and the gasoline tank 2 of the engine is under the condition of sunshine, gasoline vapor is continuously generated in the sealed gasoline tank 2 of the engine at the moment, so that the air pressure in the gasoline tank 2 of the engine is increased, at the moment, the fuel vapor generated in the gasoline tank 2 of the engine is gradually led into the air inlet column cavity 35 through the vapor leading-out pipe 11, then the gasoline vapor in the air inlet column cavity 35 is gradually led into the flexible gas storage inner cavity 16 through the central hole 17 upwards under the action of the air pressure, the air pressure in the flexible gas storage inner cavity 16 is gradually increased along with the continuous generation of the vapor in the gasoline tank 2 of the engine, the air pressure in the flexible gas storage inner cavity 16 generates an upward thrust to the hard disk body 8, so that the hard disk body 8 gradually starts to move upwards, and the flexible air bag 12 gradually starts to stretch along the axial direction from the contraction state, so that the volume of the flexible gas storage inner cavity 16 is gradually increased, at the moment, the telescopic gas storage inner cavity 16 gradually stores gasoline steam; the hard disc body 8 can drive the movable ring body 45 to gradually move upwards through the linkage rod 23 in the process of gradually moving upwards, the upward movement of the movable ring body 45 enables the air bag return spring 42 to gradually contract, the spring restoring force of the air bag return spring 42 is gradually increased, and further the downward pulling force of the linkage rod 23 on the hard disc body 8 is gradually increased, so that the positive correlation effect between the volume in the telescopic air storage inner cavity 16 and the air pressure in the telescopic air storage inner cavity 16 is generated, therefore, the more gasoline steam is stored in the telescopic air storage inner cavity 16, the larger the internal air pressure is, and the larger the air pressure is, and the effect of inhibiting the evaporation speed in the engine gasoline tank 2 can be achieved in turn; if the fuel tank cover of the engine gasoline tank 2 is suddenly opened at this time, the normal pressure in the engine gasoline tank 2 can be recovered, and the gasoline vapor stored in the telescopic gas storage inner cavity 16 cannot flow back to the engine gasoline tank 2 through the vapor delivery pipe 11 due to the existence of the one-way valve 46, so that the effect of preventing the excessive vapor from escaping is achieved;
meanwhile, as the telescopic gas storage inner cavity 16, the transition ring cavity 28, the gas inlet column cavity 35 and the upper piston ring cavity 36.1 are communicated with each other, the air pressure in the upper piston ring cavity 36.1 and the telescopic gas storage inner cavity 16 is always synchronous, after the air pressure in the upper piston ring cavity 36.1 is increased along with the air pressure in the telescopic gas storage inner cavity 16, the increased air pressure in the upper piston ring cavity 36.1 can push the annular piston 50 to move downwards, when the air pressure in the telescopic gas storage inner cavity 16 is increased to a threshold value needing pressure relief, the annular piston 50 can move downwards for a preset distance under the action of the air pressure, so that the upper piston ring cavity 36.1 starts to be communicated with the gas distribution hole 37 at the uppermost end, at the moment, gasoline steam in the upper piston ring cavity 36.1 is led into the gas distribution ring cavity 29 through the gas distribution hole 37 at the uppermost end, and if the air pressure in the telescopic gas storage inner cavity 16 is continuously increased, the annular piston 50 can continuously move downwards under the action of the air pressure, more air distribution holes 37 are communicated with the upper piston ring cavity 36.1, so that the air leakage speed in the telescopic air storage inner cavity 16 is increased; gasoline vapor entering the air distribution annular cavity 29 slowly overflows to the lower part of the activated carbon filled annular cavity 19 through the plurality of vapor overflow meshes 27, most of the gasoline vapor entering the activated carbon filled annular cavity 19 is adsorbed by activated carbon particles 49 in the activated carbon filled annular cavity 19, and a small part of gasoline vapor which is not completely adsorbed is guided into the breathing annular cavity 40 through the plurality of upper air guide meshes 39, and finally the gasoline vapor which is not completely adsorbed is diffused into the air; along with the continuous exhaust of gasoline vapor through the air distribution holes 37, the air pressure in the telescopic air storage inner cavity 16 gradually decreases, the telescopic air bag 12 also gradually shrinks slowly along the axis direction, at the moment, the annular piston 50 can gradually move upwards under the elastic action of the pressure control spring 31, when the air pressure in the telescopic air bag 12 is reduced to a threshold value needing pressure relief, the annular piston 50 already moves upwards to be higher than all the air distribution holes 37, at the moment, the upper piston ring cavity 36.1 is not communicated with any air distribution hole 37, so that the telescopic air storage inner cavity 16 is restored to a state isolated from the external environment again, and the fuel vapor is continuously stored;
when the engine is started, the cooling system of the engine is started, the temperature of the gasoline tank 2 of the engine is reduced, the air pressure in the telescopic gas storage inner cavity 16 is not increased, the telescopic gas storage inner cavity 16 is in a closed state, fuel oil is not leaked, when the engine runs, the control electromagnetic valve 5 is opened, the steam recovery pipe 15 is in a smooth state, when the engine runs, the air inlet manifold 4 of the engine automatically generates continuous negative pressure due to an air suction stroke, so that the steam recovery pipe 15 generates negative pressure, the negative pressure in the negative pressure annular cavity 22 generates negative pressure, finally the negative pressure is formed in the activated carbon filling annular cavity 19, under the negative pressure environment, gasoline steam adsorbed by activated carbon in the activated carbon filling annular cavity 19 is re-evaporated, meanwhile, external air is timely supplemented into the activated carbon filling annular cavity 19 through the plurality of upper air guide meshes 39, and the re-evaporated gasoline steam is sucked into the negative pressure annular cavity 22 through the plurality of lower air guide meshes 32, finally, fuel steam is sucked into the engine intake manifold 4 through the steam recovery pipe 15, so that the fuel steam is led into the engine combustion chamber along with the engine intake manifold 4 for combustion; thereby realizing the recycling of the fuel steam.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The mechanical fuel vapor recovery device based on air bag storage comprises an engine gasoline tank (2), a vapor delivery pipe (11), a mechanical fuel vapor adsorption carbon tank (3), a vapor recovery pipe (15) and an engine intake manifold (4); the fuel vapor leading-out end at the top of the engine gasoline tank (2) is communicated with the vapor leading-in end of the mechanical fuel vapor adsorption carbon tank (3) through the vapor leading-out pipe (11); the steam outlet end of the mechanical fuel steam adsorption carbon tank (3) is connected with the engine intake manifold (4) in a bypass mode through the steam recovery pipe (15); the mechanical fuel vapor adsorption carbon tank (3);
the method is characterized in that: the steam recovery pipe (15) is provided with an electromagnetic valve (5); the outlet end of the steam outlet pipe (11) is provided with a one-way valve (46) for preventing gas from flowing backwards;
the mechanical fuel vapor adsorption carbon tank (3) comprises a vertical columnar tank body (10), a first cylindrical wall body (21) is coaxially arranged in the tank body (10), and an activated carbon filling annular cavity (19) is formed between the first cylindrical wall body (21) and the inner wall of the tank body (10); a breathing annular cavity (40) is coaxially arranged on the upper side of the activated carbon filling annular cavity (19), a plurality of breathing openings (14) are arranged on the outer annular wall of the breathing annular cavity (40) in a circumferential array in a hollowed-out manner, and the breathing annular cavity (40) is communicated with the external environment through the breathing openings (14); the breathing annular cavity (40) and the activated carbon filling annular cavity (19) are separated by an upper net hole separating disc (18), a plurality of upper air guide meshes (39) are uniformly distributed and hollowed on the upper net hole separating disc (18), and the breathing annular cavity (40) and the activated carbon filling annular cavity (19) are communicated with each other through the upper air guide meshes (39);
a negative pressure annular cavity (22) is coaxially arranged at the lower side of the activated carbon filling annular cavity (19); the negative pressure ring cavity (22) and the activated carbon filling ring cavity (19) are separated by a lower mesh separating disc (20), a plurality of lower air guide meshes (32) are hollowed out on the lower mesh separating disc (20), and the activated carbon filling ring cavity (19) and the negative pressure ring cavity (22) are communicated with each other through each lower air guide mesh (32); the air inlet of the steam recovery pipe (15) is communicated with the negative pressure annular cavity (22);
a second cylindrical wall body (30) is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the first cylindrical wall body (21), and a gas distribution annular cavity (29) is formed between the second cylindrical wall body (30) and the first cylindrical wall body (21); a plurality of steam overflow meshes (27) are uniformly distributed on the lower half wall body of the first cylindrical wall body (21), and the gas distribution annular cavity (29) and the activated carbon filling annular cavity (19) are communicated with each other through the steam overflow meshes (27);
a third cylindrical wall body (33) is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the second cylindrical wall body (30), and a piston ring cavity (36) is formed between the third cylindrical wall body (33) and the second cylindrical wall body (30); a plurality of air distribution holes (37) are distributed on the lower part wall body of the second cylindrical wall body (30) in an equidistant array along the longitudinal direction; an annular piston (50) is coaxially arranged in the piston ring cavity (36), and a rubber outer ring (50.2) of the annular piston (50) is in sliding sealing fit with the inner wall of the second cylindrical wall body (30); the rubber inner ring (50.1) of the annular piston (50) is in sliding sealing fit with the outer wall of the third cylinder wall body (33); the upper side of the annular piston (50) is an upper piston ring cavity (36.1), and the lower side of the annular piston (50) is a lower piston ring cavity (36.2); a pressure control spring (31) is coaxially arranged in the lower piston ring cavity (36.2), and the upper end of the pressure control spring (31) elastically pushes the annular piston (50) upwards;
the activated carbon filling ring cavity (19) is filled with activated carbon adsorption particles (49);
a transition annular cavity (28) is coaxially arranged on the upper side of the upper piston annular cavity (36.1), a plurality of first air guide holes (41) are arranged on the top wall body of the upper piston annular cavity (36.1) in a hollow manner, and the transition annular cavity (28) is communicated with the top end of the upper piston annular cavity (36.1) through the first air guide holes (41); the inner side of the third cylindrical wall body (33) is provided with an air inlet cylindrical cavity (35); the lower end of the air inlet column cavity (35) is communicated with the leading-out end of the steam leading-out pipe (11);
a telescopic air bag (12) is arranged above the tank body (10), the telescopic air bag (12) is of a flexible rubber cylinder structure coaxial with the tank body (10), the longitudinal section of the cylinder structure of the telescopic air bag (12) is in a sawtooth shape, and the telescopic air bag (12) can stretch along the axial direction of the cylinder structure of the telescopic air bag; the lower end of the cylindrical structure of the telescopic air bag (12) is fixedly and hermetically connected with the outline edge of the upper end wall body (48) of the tank body (10); the upper end of the cylinder structure of the telescopic air bag (12) is coaxially fixedly and hermetically connected with a hard disc body (8); the inner cavity of the telescopic air bag (12) is a telescopic air storage inner cavity (16); the upper end of the air inlet column cavity (35) is coaxially communicated with the telescopic air storage inner cavity (16) through a central hole (17); a movable ring body (45) is coaxially and slidably arranged in the air inlet column cavity (35), the inner side of the movable ring body (45) is a through hole (44) which is penetrated up and down, an air bag return spring (42) is coaxially arranged between the movable ring body (45) and the central hole (17), and the lower end of the air bag return spring (42) elastically pushes the movable ring body (45) downwards; transition holes (24) are arranged on the inner annular wall (25) of the transition annular cavity (28) in a hollowed-out manner, and the transition holes (24) enable the transition annular cavity (28) and the air inlet column cavity (35) to be communicated with each other; a linkage rod (23) extending downwards is fixedly connected to the axis of the lower side surface of the hard disc body (8), the linkage rod (23) penetrates through the central hole (17) downwards, and the lower end of the linkage rod (23) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the movable ring body (45) through a connecting bent rod (43); the up-and-down displacement of the movable ring body (45) can drive the hard disc body (8) to move up and down through the linkage rod (23).
2. The mechanical fuel vapor recovery device based on air bag storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of vertical air bag restraint upright posts (9) are arranged on the periphery of the telescopic air bag (12) in a circumferential array; the lower end of each air bag restraint upright post (9) is fixedly connected with the contour edge of the upper end wall body (48), a limiting disc (13) is horizontally arranged above the hard disc body (8) coaxially with the axis, and the contour edge of the lower side of the limiting disc (13) is fixedly connected with the upper end of each air bag restraint upright post (9); the air bag restraining columns (9) and the limiting disc (13) form a cage body structure, and the telescopic air bag (12) is located on the inner side of the cage body structure.
3. The operation method of the mechanical fuel vapor recovery device based on air bag storage according to claim 2, characterized in that:
in the initial state, the electromagnetic valve (5) is in a closed state, the steam recovery pipe (15) is in a blocked state, no gas exists in the telescopic air bag (12), and the movable ring body (45) is positioned at the lower end of the air inlet column cavity (35) under the elastic jacking action of the air bag return spring (42), so that the telescopic air bag (12) is in a contracted state; meanwhile, the annular piston (50) is positioned at the upper end of the piston annular cavity (36) under the elastic jacking action of the pressure control spring (31) in the initial state, and the upper piston annular cavity (36.1) is not communicated with any air distribution hole (37) in the initial state, so that the upper piston annular cavity (36.1) is not communicated with the outside;
when the engine does not operate and the gasoline tank (2) of the engine is under the condition of sunshine, gasoline vapor is continuously generated in the sealed gasoline tank (2) of the engine at the moment, so that the air pressure in the gasoline tank (2) of the engine is increased, at the moment, the fuel vapor generated in the gasoline tank (2) of the engine is gradually led into the air inlet column cavity (35) through the vapor leading-out pipe (11), then the gasoline vapor in the air inlet column cavity (35) is gradually led upwards into the telescopic gas storage inner cavity (16) through the central hole (17) under the action of the air pressure, and along with the continuous generation of the vapor in the gasoline tank (2) of the engine, the air pressure in the telescopic gas storage inner cavity (16) is gradually increased, the air pressure in the telescopic gas storage inner cavity (16) generates upward thrust to the hard disc body (8), so that the hard disc body (8) gradually starts to move upwards, further, the telescopic air bag (12) gradually starts to stretch along the axis direction from the contraction state, further the volume of the telescopic air storage cavity (16) is gradually increased, and at the moment, the telescopic air storage cavity (16) gradually stores gasoline steam; the hard disc body (8) can drive the movable ring body (45) to gradually move upwards through the linkage rod (23) in the process of gradually moving upwards, the upward movement of the movable ring body (45) enables the air bag reset spring (42) to gradually contract, the spring restoring force of the air bag reset spring (42) is gradually increased, the downward pulling force of the linkage rod (23) on the hard disc body (8) is gradually increased, and further, the positive correlation effect between the volume in the telescopic air storage inner cavity (16) and the air pressure in the telescopic air storage inner cavity (16) is generated, so that the more gasoline steam is stored in the telescopic air storage inner cavity (16), the larger the internal air pressure is, and the larger the air pressure is, and the effect of inhibiting the evaporation speed in the gasoline tank (2) of the engine is achieved; if the fuel tank cover of the engine gasoline tank (2) is suddenly opened at the moment, the normal pressure in the engine gasoline tank (2) can be recovered, and the gasoline vapor stored in the telescopic gas storage inner cavity (16) cannot flow back to the engine gasoline tank (2) through the vapor delivery pipe (11) due to the existence of the one-way valve (46), so that the effect of preventing the excessive vapor from escaping is achieved;
meanwhile, as the telescopic gas storage inner cavity (16), the transition ring cavity (28), the gas inlet column cavity (35) and the upper piston ring cavity (36.1) are communicated with each other, the air pressure in the upper piston ring cavity (36.1) and the telescopic gas storage inner cavity (16) is synchronous all the time, after the air pressure in the upper piston ring cavity (36.1) is increased along with the air pressure in the telescopic gas storage inner cavity (16), the increased air pressure in the upper piston ring cavity (36.1) can push the annular piston (50) to move downwards, when the air pressure in the telescopic gas storage inner cavity (16) is increased to a threshold value needing pressure relief, the annular piston (50) can move downwards for a preset distance under the action of the air pressure, so that the upper piston ring cavity (36.1) starts to be communicated with the gas distribution hole (37) at the uppermost end, at the moment, gasoline steam in the upper piston ring cavity (36.1) is introduced into the gas distribution ring cavity (29) through the gas distribution hole (37) at the uppermost end, and if the air pressure in the telescopic gas storage inner cavity (16) is continuously increased, the annular piston (50) can continue to move downwards under the action of air pressure, so that more air distribution holes (37) are communicated with the upper piston annular cavity (36.1), and the air leakage speed in the telescopic air storage inner cavity (16) is increased; gasoline vapor entering the air distribution annular cavity (29) slowly overflows to the lower part of the activated carbon filling annular cavity (19) through a plurality of vapor overflow meshes (27), most of the gasoline vapor entering the activated carbon filling annular cavity (19) is adsorbed by activated carbon particles (49) in the activated carbon filling annular cavity (19), a small part of gasoline vapor which is not completely adsorbed is guided into the breathing annular cavity (40) through a plurality of upper air guide meshes (39), and finally the gasoline vapor which is not completely adsorbed is not diffused into the air; along with the continuous discharge of gasoline vapor through the air distribution holes (37), the air pressure in the telescopic air storage inner cavity (16) is gradually reduced, the telescopic air bag (12) is also gradually and slowly contracted along the axis direction, at the moment, the annular piston (50) can gradually move upwards under the elastic action of the pressure control spring (31), when the air pressure in the telescopic air bag (12) is reduced to a threshold value needing pressure relief, the annular piston (50) already moves upwards to be higher than all the air distribution holes (37), at the moment, the upper piston ring cavity (36.1) is not communicated with any air distribution hole (37), so that the telescopic air storage inner cavity (16) is restored to be in a state isolated from the external environment again, and the fuel vapor is continuously stored;
when the engine is started, the cooling system of the engine is opened, the temperature of a gasoline tank (2) of the engine is reduced, the air pressure in the telescopic gas storage inner cavity (16) is not increased, the telescopic gas storage inner cavity (16) is in a closed state at the moment, fuel oil is not leaked, when the engine runs, the control electromagnetic valve (5) is opened, the steam recovery pipe (15) is in a smooth state at the moment, when the engine runs, an air inlet manifold (4) of the engine automatically generates continuous negative pressure due to an air suction stroke, the steam recovery pipe (15) generates negative pressure, the negative pressure in the negative pressure annular cavity (22) is generated, the negative pressure is finally formed in the activated carbon filling annular cavity (19), gasoline steam adsorbed by activated carbon in the activated carbon filling annular cavity (19) is re-evaporated under the negative pressure environment, and meanwhile, external air is timely supplemented into the activated carbon filling annular cavity (19) through the plurality of upper air guide meshes (39), then the re-evaporated gasoline steam is sucked into the negative pressure ring cavity (22) through a plurality of lower gas guide meshes (32), finally the fuel steam is sucked into an engine intake manifold (4) through a steam recovery pipe (15), and further the fuel steam is led into an engine combustion chamber along with the engine intake manifold (4) for combustion; thereby realizing the recycling of the fuel steam.
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