CN110500206B

CN110500206B - Automobile fuel volatile recycling system and working method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110500206B
Application number: CN201910831949.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许志鹏
Original assignee: Yancheng Institute of Industry Technology
Current assignee: Hefei Wisdom Dragon Machinery Design Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-04
Filing date: 2019-09-04
Publication date: 2020-09-11
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-04
Also published as: CN110500206A

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile fuel volatile matter recycling system, which comprises a closed gasoline tank and a fuel steam recoverer on an automobile, wherein the gasoline tank also comprises a fuel steam outlet pipe, a fuel steam overflow end at the top of the gasoline tank is communicated with a gas inlet end of the fuel steam outlet pipe, and a gas outlet end of the fuel steam outlet pipe is communicated with a fuel steam gas inlet end of the fuel steam recoverer; the invention has simple structure, can continuously store fuel steam of the fuel tank, can relieve the pressure of the fuel tank, can timely release the pressure of the fuel tank when the pressure is increased to a pressure release critical value, can recover and adsorb the released fuel steam, and can realize that the adsorbed gasoline is re-evaporated by negative pressure to be used for combustion of an engine.

Description

Automobile fuel volatile recycling system and working method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of automobiles.

Background

Gasoline is a volatile liquid, and the fuel tank is often full of fuel vapor at normal atmospheric temperature, and under the car idle state, especially under the high temperature environment of insolation, the temperature in the oil tank can rise, and then causes the fuel vapor in the oil tank to increase, and then causes the phenomenon of oil tank atmospheric pressure increase, if the not timely discharge of gasoline vapor can cause the unlimited critical value that increases to danger of oil tank atmospheric pressure, if direct discharge to the environment, still can cause the energy waste when can causing environmental pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an automobile fuel volatile recycling system and a working method thereof.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the volatile automobile fuel oil recycling system comprises a sealed gasoline tank and a fuel oil steam recoverer on an automobile, wherein the gasoline tank further comprises a fuel oil steam delivery pipe, a fuel oil steam overflow end at the top of the gasoline tank is communicated with an air inlet end of the fuel oil steam delivery pipe, and an air outlet end of the fuel oil steam delivery pipe is communicated with a fuel oil steam air inlet end of the fuel oil steam recoverer; the upper end of the fuel steam recoverer is provided with a plurality of breathing pipes, and each breathing pipe is communicated with external environment gas; the lower end of the fuel steam recoverer is connected with a fuel steam recovery pipe, and the air outlet end of the fuel steam recovery pipe is communicated with an air inlet manifold of the engine.

Further, the fuel steam recoverer comprises a closed square outer shell, a square inner shell is arranged in an inner cavity of the square outer shell, and a square annular cavity is formed between the outer side walls of the four sides of the square inner shell and the inner side walls of the four sides of the square outer shell; four vertical gas distribution box bodies are distributed in the square annular cavity in a circumferential array manner, a gas distribution cavity is formed inside each gas distribution box body, one side, close to the center of the square outer shell, of each gas distribution box body is integrally connected with the outer side wall of the square inner shell, and one side, far away from the center of the square outer shell, of each gas distribution box body is integrally connected with the inner side wall of the square outer shell; one side wall of each air distribution box body, which is close to the center of the square shell, is provided with air guide holes in a hollowed manner, and each air distribution cavity is communicated with the inner cavity of the square inner shell through the air guide holes;

a square ring cavity is formed between the outer side walls of the four sides of the square inner shell and the inner side walls of the four sides of the square outer shell, an activated carbon filling cavity is formed between two adjacent gas distribution box bodies, and activated carbon is filled in all the four activated carbon filling cavities; the activated carbon filling cavities are uniformly distributed in a circumferential array; the overlooking structure of each activated carbon filling cavity is of an L-shaped vertical structure;

a plurality of air guide meshes are uniformly and hollowly arranged on the outer side wall of the square inner shell in the active carbon filling cavity, and the inner side parts of the four active carbon filling cavities are communicated with the inner cavity of the square inner shell through the plurality of air guide meshes;

the lower ends of the four breathing tubes are respectively communicated with the upper ends of the four activated carbon filling cavities; the upper ends of the four negative pressure pipes are respectively communicated with the lower ends of the activated carbon filling cavities; a negative pressure box body is further arranged below the square shell, a negative pressure cavity is formed inside the negative pressure box body, the lower ends of the four negative pressure pipes are communicated with the negative pressure cavity, and the air inlet end of the fuel steam recovery pipe is communicated with the negative pressure cavity;

a separate cavity is formed between the upper end wall body of the inner shell of the square inner shell and the upper end wall body of the outer shell of the square outer shell, and the upper ends of the four air distribution cavities are communicated with the separate cavity; a vertical lower hard air pipe is integrally arranged at the central position of the lower end wall body of the square inner shell, and the lower end of the lower hard air pipe is communicated with an air outlet end of the fuel steam outlet pipe; a vertical upper hard air pipe is integrally arranged at the central position of the upper end wall body of the inner shell, the upper end of the upper hard air pipe is integrally connected with the upper end wall body of the outer shell, and an air guide channel with the upper end blocked is arranged inside the upper hard air pipe; the upper hard air pipe and the lower hard air pipe are coaxially arranged;

an elastic air bag which is in a vertical column shape in a free state is arranged in the center of the inner cavity of the square inner shell, an air tap at the upper end of the elastic air bag is communicated with the lower end of the air guide channel, and an air tap at the lower end of the elastic air bag is communicated with the upper end of the lower hard air pipe; a fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity is arranged inside the elastic air bag, and a fuel steam transition cavity is formed between the elastic air bag and the inner wall of the square inner shell; four vertical hard sheet bodies are fixedly distributed on the outer wall of the elastic air bag in a circumferential array manner, and each hard sheet body is tangent to the outer wall surface of the elastic air bag;

one side wall of each air distribution box body, which is close to the center of the square shell, is hollowed with two guide pillar holes which are distributed up and down, guide pillars slide through the guide pillar holes, and one end of each guide pillar, which is close to the elastic air bag, is vertically and fixedly connected with the corresponding hard sheet body; the expansion and contraction of the elastic air bag can drive each guide pillar to slide along the direction of the guide pillar hole through the hard sheet body;

a normally closed type press valve is arranged in each gas distribution cavity, a button is arranged on each normally closed type press valve, the normally closed type press valve is in a blocking state when the button is not pressed, the button is in a smooth state when the normally closed type press valve is pressed, and an outlet of each normally closed type press valve is communicated with the gas distribution cavity; each button on the normally closed type press valve corresponds to one guide pillar, and the tail end of the guide pillar corresponding to the button presses the corresponding button in the expansion state of the elastic air bag;

the air inlet end of the normally closed type pressing valve is communicated with the air guide channel through the four communicating air guide bent pipes.

Furthermore, one side surface of the hard sheet body close to the elastic air bag is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the elastic air bag in an adhesive manner through a structural adhesive; the fuel vapor delivery pipe is provided with a one-way valve which can prevent gas in the fuel vapor recoverer from flowing back to the gasoline tank; and the fuel steam recovery pipe is also provided with an electromagnetic valve.

Further, the working method of the device comprises the following steps:

the gasoline has certain normal-temperature volatilization characteristic, and fuel vapor is filled above the liquid level in a closed gasoline tank when the automobile is in an idle state; when the automobile is in a flameout state, the automobile cooling system is not started at the moment, when the automobile is in a high-temperature environment exposed in the open air, the temperature of the gasoline tank can rise, gasoline in the gasoline tank can evaporate in an accelerated manner, and the pressure in the gasoline tank is gradually increased;

if the automobile is started at the moment, the cooling system is started in time; or the condition that the automobile is exposed to the sun is relieved in time, the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity can not further supplement the fuel steam, so that the elastic air bag can not be enlarged continuously, and meanwhile, the elastic air bag stores certain gasoline steam to avoid the fuel steam from leaking into the air;

if the automobile is still in the insolation environment and the cooling system is not started, the evaporation process in the gasoline tank is still continuous, although the elastic air bag can gradually store gasoline steam, the air pressure in the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity can also be increased along with the expansion of the elastic air bag; when the air pressure in the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity is gradually increased to a critical value needing pressure relief, the expansion of the elastic air bag can enable the four hard sheet bodies to drive each guide post to slide outwards along the direction of the guide post hole, and at the moment, the tail end of each guide post just moves to press the corresponding button; at the moment, the four normally closed pressing valves are rapidly converted into a smooth state from a blocked state, so that gas in the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity sequentially passes through the gas guide channel, the four gas guide bent pipes and the four normally closed pressing valves, and is finally rapidly led out to the four gas distribution cavities through outlets of the four normally closed pressing valves, so that the four gas distribution cavities are filled with the fuel steam, and positive pressure is generated in the four gas distribution cavities; at the moment, because the pressure of the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity is released, and because the pressure of the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity is released, the elastic air bag starts to become small, the pressure in the gasoline tank correspondingly becomes small, and the risk of overlarge pressure of the gasoline tank in the gasoline tank is eliminated; the tail ends of the four guide posts can start to be separated from the buttons corresponding to the four guide posts due to the fact that the elastic air bag is reduced, and the four normally-closed pressing valves are restored to the blocking state again at the moment; at the moment, the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity is restored to a closed state, and the fuel steam is continuously accumulated;

meanwhile, fuel steam entering the four air distribution cavities is guided into a fuel steam transition cavity formed between the elastic air bag and the inner wall of the square inner shell through a plurality of air guide holes under the action of air pressure, so that the gasoline steam in the fuel steam transition cavity slowly and uniformly overflows into the four activated carbon filling cavities through a plurality of air guide meshes, and most of the gasoline steam entering the activated carbon filling cavities can be temporarily adsorbed by activated carbon; a small part of gasoline vapor which can not be completely adsorbed overflows to the external environment through the four breathing pipes; at the moment, the four activated carbon filling cavities play a role in absorbing gasoline vapor, and the gasoline vapor is reduced to be discharged into the environment;

when the automobile is started, the automobile cooling system is started, the temperature of the gasoline tank is reduced, gasoline in the gasoline tank is continuously pumped away by the gasoline pump of the engine for running of the engine, the elastic airbag does not continuously expand, the engine is in a running state at the moment, when the automobile engine runs in a high-speed state, the electromagnetic valve is controlled to be opened, the fuel vapor recovery pipe is in a smooth state at the moment, the air inlet manifold of the engine automatically generates continuous negative pressure when the engine runs, so that negative pressure is generated in the fuel vapor recovery pipe, the negative pressure is generated in the negative pressure cavity, negative pressure is generated in the four negative pressure pipes, and finally negative pressure is formed in the activated carbon filling cavity, gasoline vapor adsorbed by activated carbon in the activated carbon filling cavity is re-evaporated under the negative pressure environment, and meanwhile, the four breathing pipes timely supplement external air to the activated carbon filling cavity, then the gasoline vapor re-evaporated is sucked into the negative pressure cavity through the four negative pressure pipes, and finally the fuel vapor is sucked into an air inlet manifold of the engine through the fuel vapor recovery pipe, so that the fuel vapor is guided into a combustion chamber of the engine along with the air inlet manifold for combustion; thereby realizing the recycling of the fuel steam.

Has the advantages that: the invention has simple structure, can continuously store fuel steam of the fuel tank, can relieve the pressure of the fuel tank, can timely release the pressure of the fuel tank when the pressure is increased to a pressure release critical value, can recover and adsorb the released fuel steam, and can realize that the adsorbed gasoline is re-evaporated by negative pressure to be used for combustion of an engine.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the fuel vapor recovery device;

FIG. 3 is a first perspective cross-sectional view of the fuel vapor recycler;

FIG. 4 is a second perspective cut-away view of the fuel vapor recycler;

FIG. 5 is a third perspective cut-away view of the fuel vapor recycler;

FIG. 6 is a schematic front sectional view of the fuel vapor recovery unit;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary view at 28 of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the elastic air bag.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The system for recycling the volatile fuel oil of the automobile shown in fig. 1 to 8 comprises a sealed gasoline tank 33 and a fuel vapor recoverer 34 on the automobile, wherein the gasoline tank 33 further comprises a fuel vapor delivery pipe 4, a fuel vapor overflow end at the top of the gasoline tank 33 is communicated with an air inlet end of the fuel vapor delivery pipe 4, and an air outlet end of the fuel vapor delivery pipe 4 is communicated with an air inlet end of the fuel vapor recoverer 34; the upper end of the fuel vapor recoverer 34 is provided with a plurality of breathing tubes 1, and each breathing tube 1 is communicated with external environment gas; the lower end of the fuel vapor recovery device 34 is connected with a fuel vapor recovery pipe 7, and the air outlet end of the fuel vapor recovery pipe 7 is communicated with an air inlet manifold 90 of the engine.

The fuel steam recoverer 34 comprises a closed square outer shell 2, a square inner shell 9 is arranged in the inner cavity of the square outer shell 2, and a square annular cavity is formed between the four outer side walls of the square inner shell 9 and the four inner side walls of the square outer shell 2; four vertical gas distribution box bodies 25 are distributed in the square annular cavity in a circumferential array manner, a gas distribution cavity 21 is formed inside each gas distribution box body 25, one side, close to the center of the square outer shell 2, of each gas distribution box body 25 is integrally connected with the outer side wall of the square inner shell 9, and one side, far away from the center of the square outer shell 2, of each gas distribution box body 25 is integrally connected with the inner side wall of the square outer shell 2; one side wall of each air distribution box body 25 close to the center of the square shell 2 is provided with an air guide hole 17 in a hollow way, and each air distribution cavity 21 is communicated with the inner cavity of the square inner shell 9 through the air guide hole 17;

in a square ring cavity formed between the outer side walls of the four sides of the square inner shell 9 and the inner side walls of the four sides of the square outer shell 2, an activated carbon filling cavity 26 is formed between two adjacent air distribution box bodies 25, and activated carbon is filled in all the four activated carbon filling cavities 26; the activated carbon filling cavities 26 are uniformly distributed in a circumferential array; the overlooking structure of each activated carbon filling cavity 26 is an L-shaped vertical structure;

a plurality of air guide meshes 22 are uniformly and hollowly arranged on the outer side wall of the square inner shell 9 in the activated carbon filling cavity 26, and the inner side parts of the four activated carbon filling cavities 26 are communicated with the inner cavity of the square inner shell 9 through the plurality of air guide meshes 22;

the number of the breathing tubes 1 is four, and the lower ends of the four breathing tubes 1 are respectively communicated with the upper ends of the four activated carbon filling cavities 26; the device also comprises four negative pressure pipes 3, wherein the upper ends of the four negative pressure pipes 3 are respectively communicated with the lower end of the activated carbon filling cavity 26; a negative pressure box body 6 is further arranged below the square shell 2, a negative pressure cavity 30 is formed inside the negative pressure box body 6, the lower ends of the four negative pressure pipes 3 are communicated with the negative pressure cavity 30, and the air inlet end of the fuel steam recovery pipe 7 is communicated with the negative pressure cavity 30;

a separation cavity 8 is formed between the inner shell upper end wall body 14 of the square inner shell 9 and the outer shell upper end wall body 71 of the square outer shell 2, and the upper ends of the four air distribution cavities 21 are communicated with the separation cavity 8; a vertical lower hard air pipe 29 is integrally arranged at the central position of a lower end wall body 93 of the square inner shell 9, and the lower end of the lower hard air pipe 29 is communicated with an air outlet end of the fuel steam outlet pipe 4; a vertical upper hard air pipe 12 is integrally arranged at the central position of the upper end wall body 14 of the inner shell, the upper end of the upper hard air pipe 12 is integrally connected with the upper end wall body 71 of the outer shell, and an air guide channel 13 with the upper end blocked is arranged inside the upper hard air pipe 12; the upper hard air pipe 12 and the lower hard air pipe 29 are coaxially arranged;

an elastic air bag 10 which is in a vertical column shape in a free state is arranged at the center position of the inner cavity of the square inner shell 9, an upper end air nozzle of the elastic air bag 10 is communicated with the lower end of the air guide channel 13, and a lower end air nozzle of the elastic air bag 10 is communicated with the upper end of the lower hard air pipe 29; the interior of the elastic air bag 10 is a fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity 11, and a fuel steam transition cavity 15 is formed between the elastic air bag 10 and the inner wall of the square inner shell 9; four vertical hard sheet bodies 23 are fixedly distributed on the outer wall of the elastic air bag 10 in a circumferential array, and each hard sheet body 23 is tangent to the outer wall surface of the elastic air bag 10;

one side wall of each air distribution box body 25 close to the center of the square shell 2 is provided with two guide post holes 31 which are distributed up and down in a hollow way, a guide post 27 penetrates through each guide post hole 31 in a sliding way, and one end of each guide post 27 close to the elastic air bag 10 is vertically and fixedly connected with the corresponding hard sheet body 23; the expansion and contraction of the elastic airbag 10 can drive each guide post 27 to slide along the direction of the guide post hole 31 through the hard sheet body 23;

a normally closed type pressing valve 19 is arranged in each of the four air distribution chambers 21, a button 18 is arranged on each normally closed type pressing valve 19, each normally closed type pressing valve 19 is in a blocking state when the button 18 is not pressed, each normally closed type pressing valve 19 is in a unblocked state when the button 18 is pressed, and an outlet 20 of each normally closed type pressing valve 19 is communicated with the air distribution chamber 21; each button 18 on each normally closed type pressing valve 19 corresponds to one guide pillar 27, and the tail end of the guide pillar 27 corresponding to the button 18 presses the corresponding button 18 when the elastic air bag 10 is in an expanded state;

the air guide device further comprises four communicating air guide bent pipes 16, and the air inlet ends of the four normally-closed type pressing valves 19 are respectively communicated with the air guide channel 13 through the four communicating air guide bent pipes 16.

One side surface of the hard sheet body 23 close to the elastic air bag 10 is fixedly bonded and connected with the outer wall of the elastic air bag 10 through structural adhesive; the fuel vapor delivery pipe 4 is provided with a one-way valve which can prevent the gas in the fuel vapor recoverer 34 from flowing back to the gasoline tank 33; the fuel vapor recovery pipe 7 is also provided with an electromagnetic valve 91.

The working method of the automobile fuel volatile recycling system and the working principle are as follows:

the gasoline has certain normal-temperature volatilization characteristic, and fuel vapor is filled above the liquid level in the sealed gasoline tank 33 when the automobile is in an idle state; when the automobile is in a flameout state, the automobile cooling system is not started at the moment, when the automobile is in a high-temperature environment exposed to the sun, the temperature of the gasoline tank can rise, gasoline in the gasoline tank 33 can evaporate in an accelerated manner, and the pressure in the gasoline tank 33 is gradually increased, at the moment, fuel steam at the top end in the gasoline tank 33 is guided into the elastic airbag 10 through the fuel steam guide pipe 4, so that the elastic airbag 10 is gradually expanded and enlarged, at the moment, the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity 11 in the elastic airbag 10 can gradually store the gasoline steam, and the trend of relieving the pressure in the gasoline tank 33 to increase is achieved;

if the automobile is started at the moment, the cooling system is started in time; or the condition that the automobile is exposed to the sun is relieved in time, the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity 11 can not be further supplemented with the fuel steam, the elastic air bag 10 can not be enlarged continuously, and meanwhile, the elastic air bag 10 stores certain gasoline steam to avoid the fuel steam from leaking into the air;

if the automobile is still in a insolation environment and the cooling system is not started, the evaporation process in the gasoline tank 33 is still continued, the elastic air bag 10 can gradually store gasoline vapor, but the air pressure in the fuel vapor pressure accumulation expansion cavity 11 can also be increased along with the expansion of the elastic air bag 10; when the air pressure in the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity 11 gradually increases to a critical value requiring pressure relief, the expansion of the elastic air bag 10 can enable the four hard sheet bodies 23 to drive each guide post 27 to slide outwards along the direction of the guide post hole 31, and at the moment, the tail end of each guide post 27 just moves to press the corresponding button 18; at the moment, the four normally closed pressing valves 19 are rapidly converted into a smooth state from a blocked state, so that the gas in the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity 11 sequentially passes through the gas guide channel 13, the four gas guide bent pipes 16 and the four normally closed pressing valves 19 and is finally rapidly led out to the four gas distribution cavities 21 through the outlets 20 of the four normally closed pressing valves 19, so that the four gas distribution cavities are filled with the fuel steam, and positive pressure is generated in the four gas distribution cavities; at the moment, because the pressure in the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity 11 is relieved, and because the pressure in the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity 11 is relieved, the elastic air bag 10 starts to become small, the pressure in the gasoline tank 33 also becomes small correspondingly, and the risk of overlarge pressure of the gasoline tank 33 is eliminated; as the elastic air bag 10 becomes smaller, the tail ends of the four guide posts 27 start to be separated from the corresponding buttons 18, and at the moment, the four normally-closed pressing valves 19 are restored to the blocking state again; at the moment, the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity 11 is restored to a closed state, and the fuel steam is continuously accumulated;

meanwhile, fuel steam entering the four air distribution cavities is guided into a fuel steam transition cavity 15 formed between the elastic air bag 10 and the inner wall of the square inner shell 9 through a plurality of air guide holes 17 under the action of air pressure, further, gasoline steam in the fuel steam transition cavity 15 slowly and uniformly overflows into the four activated carbon filling cavities 26 through a plurality of air guide meshes 22, and most of the gasoline steam entering the activated carbon filling cavities 26 is temporarily adsorbed by activated carbon; a small part of gasoline vapor which can not be completely adsorbed overflows to the external environment through the four breathing pipes 1; at the moment, the four activated carbon filling cavities 26 play a role in absorbing gasoline vapor, so that the gasoline vapor is reduced from being discharged into the environment;

when the automobile is started, the automobile cooling system is already started, the temperature of the gasoline tank 33 is reduced, gasoline in the gasoline tank 33 is continuously pumped away by an engine gasoline pump for running of the engine, the elastic airbag 10 cannot be expanded continuously, the engine is in a running state at the moment, when the automobile engine runs in a high-speed state, the control electromagnetic valve 91 is opened, the fuel vapor recovery pipe 7 is in a smooth state at the moment, the air inlet manifold 90 of the engine automatically generates continuous negative pressure when the engine runs, the negative pressure is generated in the fuel vapor recovery pipe 7, the negative pressure is generated in the negative pressure cavity 30, the negative pressure is generated in the four negative pressure pipes 3, the negative pressure is finally formed in the activated carbon filling cavity 26, the gasoline vapor adsorbed by the activated carbon in the activated carbon filling cavity 26 is re-evaporated under the negative pressure environment, and meanwhile, the external air is timely supplemented into the activated carbon filling cavity 26 by the four breathing pipes 1, the re-evaporated gasoline vapor is sucked into the negative pressure cavity 30 through the four negative pressure pipes 3, and finally the fuel vapor is sucked into an air inlet manifold 90 of the engine through a fuel vapor recovery pipe 7, so that the fuel vapor is guided into the combustion chamber of the engine along with the air inlet manifold 90 for combustion; thereby realizing the recycling of the fuel steam.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The automobile fuel volatile matter recycling system is characterized by comprising a sealed gasoline tank (33) and a fuel vapor recoverer (34) on an automobile, wherein the gasoline tank (33) further comprises a fuel vapor delivery pipe (4), a fuel vapor overflow end at the top of the gasoline tank (33) is communicated with an air inlet end of the fuel vapor delivery pipe (4), and an air outlet end of the fuel vapor delivery pipe (4) is communicated with a fuel vapor inlet end of the fuel vapor recoverer (34); a plurality of breathing tubes (1) are arranged at the upper end of the fuel steam recoverer (34), and each breathing tube (1) is communicated with external environment gas; the lower end of the fuel vapor recoverer (34) is connected with a fuel vapor recovery pipe (7), and the air outlet end of the fuel vapor recovery pipe (7) is communicated with an air inlet manifold (90) of the engine;

the fuel steam recoverer (34) comprises a closed square outer shell (2), a square inner shell (9) is arranged in an inner cavity of the square outer shell (2), and a square annular cavity is formed between the outer side walls of four sides of the square inner shell (9) and the inner side walls of four sides of the square outer shell (2); four vertical gas distribution box bodies (25) are distributed in the square annular cavity in a circumferential array manner, a gas distribution cavity (21) is formed inside each gas distribution box body (25), one side, close to the center of the square outer shell (2), of each gas distribution box body (25) is integrally connected with the outer side wall of the square inner shell (9), and one side, far away from the center of the square outer shell (2), of each gas distribution box body (25) is integrally connected with the inner side wall of the square outer shell (2); one side wall of each air distribution box body (25) close to the center of the square outer shell (2) is provided with an air guide hole (17) in a hollow way, and each air distribution cavity (21) is communicated with the inner cavity of the square inner shell (9) through the air guide hole (17);

in a square annular cavity formed between the outer side walls of the four sides of the square inner shell (9) and the inner side walls of the four sides of the square outer shell (2), an activated carbon filling cavity (26) is formed between two adjacent air distribution box bodies (25), and activated carbon is filled in all the four activated carbon filling cavities (26); the activated carbon filling cavities (26) are uniformly distributed in a circumferential array; the overlooking structure of each activated carbon filling cavity (26) is an L-shaped vertical structure;

a plurality of air guide meshes (22) are uniformly and hollowly arranged on the outer side wall of the square inner shell (9) in the active carbon filling cavity (26), and the inner side parts of the four active carbon filling cavities (26) are communicated with the inner cavity of the square inner shell (9) through the plurality of air guide meshes (22);

the number of the breathing tubes (1) is four, and the lower ends of the four breathing tubes (1) are respectively communicated with the upper ends of the four activated carbon filling cavities (26); the device also comprises four negative pressure pipes (3), wherein the upper ends of the four negative pressure pipes (3) are respectively communicated with the lower end of the activated carbon filling cavity (26); a negative pressure box body (6) is further arranged below the square shell (2), a negative pressure cavity (30) is formed inside the negative pressure box body (6), the lower ends of the four negative pressure pipes (3) are communicated with the negative pressure cavity (30), and the air inlet end of the fuel steam recovery pipe (7) is communicated with the negative pressure cavity (30);

a separation cavity (8) is formed between an inner shell upper end wall body (14) of the square inner shell (9) and an outer shell upper end wall body (71) of the square outer shell (2), and the upper ends of the four air distribution cavities (21) are communicated with the separation cavity (8); a vertical lower hard air pipe (29) is integrally arranged at the central position of a lower end wall body (93) of the square inner shell (9), and the lower end of the lower hard air pipe (29) is communicated with an air outlet end of the fuel steam outlet pipe (4); a vertical upper hard air pipe (12) is integrally arranged at the central position of the upper end wall body (14) of the inner shell, the upper end of the upper hard air pipe (12) is integrally connected with the upper end wall body (71) of the outer shell, and an air guide channel (13) with the upper end blocked is arranged in the upper hard air pipe (12); the upper hard air pipe (12) and the lower hard air pipe (29) are coaxially arranged;

an elastic air bag (10) which is in a vertical column shape in a free state is arranged in the center of the inner cavity of the square inner shell (9), an upper end air tap of the elastic air bag (10) is communicated with the lower end of the air guide channel (13), and a lower end air tap of the elastic air bag (10) is communicated with the upper end of the lower hard air pipe (29); a fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity (11) is arranged inside the elastic air bag (10), and a fuel steam transition cavity (15) is formed between the elastic air bag (10) and the inner wall of the square inner shell (9); four vertical hard sheet bodies (23) are fixedly distributed on the outer wall of the elastic air bag (10) in a circumferential array manner, and each hard sheet body (23) is tangent to the outer wall surface of the elastic air bag (10);

one side wall of each air distribution box body (25) close to the center of the square shell (2) is provided with two guide post holes (31) which are distributed up and down in a hollow way, guide posts (27) penetrate through the guide post holes (31) in a sliding way, and one end of each guide post (27) close to the elastic air bag (10) is vertically and fixedly connected with the corresponding hard sheet body (23); the expansion and contraction of the elastic air bag (10) can drive each guide post (27) to slide along the direction of the guide post hole (31) through the hard sheet body (23);

a normally closed type press valve (19) is arranged in each air distribution cavity (21), a button (18) is arranged on each normally closed type press valve (19), each normally closed type press valve (19) is in a blocking state when the button (18) is not pressed, each normally closed type press valve (19) is in a unblocked state when the button (18) is pressed, and an outlet (20) of each normally closed type press valve (19) is communicated with the air distribution cavity (21); each button (18) on each normally closed pressing valve (19) corresponds to one guide post (27), and the tail end of the guide post (27) corresponding to the button (18) presses the corresponding button (18) when the elastic air bag (10) is in an expanded state;

the air guide device is characterized by further comprising four communicated air guide bent pipes (16), wherein the air inlet ends of the normally closed type pressing valves (19) are respectively communicated with the air guide channel (13) through the four communicated air guide bent pipes (16).

2. The automobile fuel volatile recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: one side surface of the hard sheet body (23) close to the elastic air bag (10) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the elastic air bag (10) in an adhesive manner through structural adhesive; the fuel vapor delivery pipe (4) is provided with a one-way valve which can prevent gas in the fuel vapor recoverer (34) from flowing back to the gasoline tank (33); and the fuel steam recovery pipe (7) is also provided with an electromagnetic valve (91).

3. The working method of the automobile fuel volatile recycling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the gasoline has certain normal-temperature volatilization characteristic, and fuel vapor is filled above the liquid level in a sealed gasoline tank (33) when the automobile is in an idle state; when the automobile is in a flameout state, the automobile cooling system is not started at the moment, when the automobile is in a high-temperature environment exposed to the sun, the temperature of the gasoline tank can rise, the gasoline in the gasoline tank (33) can be evaporated in an accelerated manner, and the phenomenon that the pressure in the gasoline tank (33) is gradually increased is further caused, at the moment, the fuel steam at the top end in the gasoline tank (33) is guided into the elastic air bag (10) through the fuel steam guide pipe (4), so that the elastic air bag (10) is gradually expanded and enlarged, at the moment, the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity (11) in the elastic air bag (10) can gradually store the gasoline steam, and the trend of relieving the pressure in the gasoline tank (33) to increase is further achieved;

if the automobile is started at the moment, the cooling system is started in time; or the condition that the automobile is exposed to the sun is relieved in time, the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity (11) can not be further supplemented with the fuel steam, and then the elastic air bag (10) can not be enlarged continuously, and meanwhile, the elastic air bag (10) stores certain gasoline steam to avoid the fuel steam from leaking into the air;

if the automobile is still in a insolation environment and the cooling system is not started, the evaporation process in the gasoline tank (33) is still continuous, the elastic air bag (10) can gradually store gasoline steam, but the air pressure in the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity (11) can also be increased along with the expansion of the elastic air bag (10); when the air pressure in the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity (11) gradually increases to a critical value needing pressure relief, the expansion of the elastic air bag (10) can enable the four hard sheet bodies (23) to drive each guide post (27) to slide outwards along the direction of the guide post hole (31), and at the moment, the tail end of each guide post (27) just moves to press the corresponding button (18); at the moment, the four normally-closed pressing valves (19) are rapidly converted into a smooth state from a blocked state, so that gas in the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity (11) sequentially passes through the gas guide channel (13), the four gas guide bent pipes (16) and the four normally-closed pressing valves (19), and is finally rapidly led out to the four gas distribution cavities (21) through outlets (20) of the four normally-closed pressing valves (19), so that the four gas distribution cavities are filled with the fuel steam, and positive pressure is generated in the four gas distribution cavities; at the moment, because the pressure in the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity (11) is released, and because the pressure in the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity (11) is released, the elastic air bag (10) begins to become small, the pressure in the gasoline tank (33) correspondingly becomes small, and the risk of overlarge pressure of the gasoline tank in the gasoline tank (33) is eliminated; as the elastic air bag (10) becomes smaller, the tail ends of the four guide posts (27) can be separated from the corresponding buttons (18), and at the moment, the four normally-closed pressing valves (19) are restored to the blocking state again; at the moment, the fuel steam pressure accumulation expansion cavity (11) is restored to a closed state, and the fuel steam is continuously stored;

meanwhile, fuel steam entering the four air distribution cavities is guided into a fuel steam transition cavity (15) formed between the elastic air bag (10) and the inner wall of the square inner shell (9) through a plurality of air guide holes (17) under the action of air pressure, further, the gasoline steam in the fuel steam transition cavity (15) slowly and uniformly overflows into the four activated carbon filling cavities (26) through a plurality of air guide meshes (22), and most of the gasoline steam entering the activated carbon filling cavities (26) can be temporarily adsorbed by activated carbon; a small part of gasoline vapor which can not be completely adsorbed overflows to the external environment through the four breathing pipes (1); at the moment, the four activated carbon filling cavities (26) play a role in absorbing gasoline vapor, so that the gasoline vapor is reduced to be discharged into the environment;

when an automobile is started, an automobile cooling system is started, the temperature of a gasoline tank (33) is reduced, gasoline in the gasoline tank (33) is continuously pumped by an engine gasoline pump to be used for running of the engine, an elastic air bag (10) is not expanded continuously, the engine is in a running state at the moment, when the automobile engine runs in a high-speed state, a control electromagnetic valve (91) is opened, a fuel steam recovery pipe (7) is in a smooth state at the moment, an air inlet manifold (90) of the engine can automatically generate continuous negative pressure when the engine runs, negative pressure is generated in the fuel steam recovery pipe (7), and then negative pressure is generated in a negative pressure cavity (30), so that negative pressure is generated in four negative pressure pipes (3), and finally negative pressure is formed in an activated carbon filling cavity (26), and gasoline steam adsorbed by activated carbon in the activated carbon filling cavity (26) can be re-evaporated under the negative pressure environment, meanwhile, the four breathing pipes (1) supplement external air to the activated carbon filling cavity (26) in time, further the re-evaporated gasoline vapor is sucked into the negative pressure cavity (30) through the four negative pressure pipes (3), finally the fuel vapor is sucked into an air inlet manifold (90) of the engine through the fuel vapor recovery pipe (7), and further the fuel vapor is led into the combustion chamber of the engine along with the air inlet manifold (90) for combustion; thereby realizing the recycling of the fuel steam.