CN110499437A - A kind of nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material and preparation method - Google Patents

A kind of nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material and preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110499437A
CN110499437A CN201910910773.6A CN201910910773A CN110499437A CN 110499437 A CN110499437 A CN 110499437A CN 201910910773 A CN201910910773 A CN 201910910773A CN 110499437 A CN110499437 A CN 110499437A
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particle
carbon
nickel manganese
composite material
manganese gallium
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田兵
高萍
王俊淞
佟运祥
李莉
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Harbin Engineering University
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Harbin Engineering University
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    • B22F1/0007
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/06Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
    • B22F1/065Spherical particles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/105Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0425Copper-based alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/06Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/105Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • B22F2003/1051Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by electric discharge
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • B22F2009/043Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material, is prepared from the following steps: (1) selecting nickel manganese gallium particle and copper particle of the particle size less than 100 μm;(2) by nickel manganese gallium particle, 1:0.67~4 are mixed by volume with copper powder particle, and the corresponding volume content of nickel manganese gallium particle is 20~60%;(3) by mixed-powder mechanical mixture 30~90 minutes in the ball mill;(4) uniformly mixed powder is placed in mold sinter molding in discharge plasma sintering furnace, sintering pressure is 20~80MPa, and sintering temperature is 700~900 DEG C, and sintering time is 5~10min, obtains nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material.Composite material prepared by the present invention has both good intensity and ductility, can be substantially reduced the sintering defect in composite material using discharge plasma sintering process, and this method sintering temperature is low, preparation efficiency is high, is suitble to rapid batch production.

Description

A kind of nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material and preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal-base composites and preparation method more particularly to a kind of nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite materials And preparation method.
Background technique
Magnetic shape memory alloy has both the advantages that large magneto-strain and high response frequency, is a kind of with before broad based growth The intellectual material of scape.Nickel manganese gallium (NiMnGa) alloy is a kind of typical magnetic shape memory alloy, has both ferromagnetism and thermoelastic Property martensitic traoformation characteristic.It is novel to become production up to 6~10% for the magneto-strain reported in NiMnGa single crystal alloy The excellent candidate material of energy converter, driver, micro-displacement sensor, micro- quick element and damper etc..But single crystal alloy exists The disadvantages of preparation process is complicated, preparation is difficult, with high costs, is easy to happen component segregation during the preparation process, causes alloy properties The repeatability and stability of energy are poor.NiMnGa polycrystalline alloy preparation process is simple, low in cost, favorable repeatability, but its is crisp Property is larger, is unfavorable for practical application.For the These characteristics of NiMnGa alloy, there is researcher to propose NiMnGa alloying pellet Tough matrix are compound prepares composite material with resin etc., improve the processing performance and mechanical property of material, while benefit by matrix Functional characteristic is provided with NiMnGa particle.Studies have shown that martensitic twin circle using NiMnGa alloy slides, NiMnGa Grain/resin composite materials show good damping characteristic.But due to selecting resin as matrix, the entirety of composite material Mechanical strength is not high.In consideration of it, replacing resin as matrix using metal and NiMnGa is compound can effectively improve composite material Mechanical strength, at present about NiMnGa alloy and the compound report for preparing composite material of magnesium metal, the study found that logical Control NiMnGa particle size is crossed, it can be with the mechanical strength and phase transition performance of Effective Regulation composite material.
Copper (Cu) has good ductility, high conductivity and thermal conductivity, but the hardness of copper and yield strength are lower, resist compacted Denaturation can be poor, seriously constrains its development and application.Therefore, NiMnGa particle and the compound composite material for preparing of Cu will be expected to In conjunction with the advantages of two kinds of materials, while avoiding respective disadvantage.Powder metallurgic method is to prepare metal material, composite material and each The effective ways of kind complicated type metal product, have the advantages that energy saving material saving, Product Precision are high, stability is good.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material and system with favorable comprehensive mechanical property Preparation Method.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material, is prepared from the following steps:
(1) nickel manganese gallium particle and copper particle of the particle size less than 100 μm are selected;
(2) by nickel manganese gallium particle, 1:0.67~4 are mixed by volume with copper powder particle, and the corresponding volume of nickel manganese gallium particle contains Amount is 20~60%;
(3) by mixed-powder mechanical mixture 30~90 minutes in the ball mill;
(4) uniformly mixed powder is placed in mold sinter molding in discharge plasma sintering furnace, sintering pressure 20 ~80MPa, sintering temperature are 700~900 DEG C, and sintering time is 5~10min, obtains nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material.
The invention also includes features some in this way:
1. the nickel manganese gallium particle selected in the step (1) is prepared by mechanical attrition method, copper powder particle passes through gas mist The preparation of change method;
2. the nickel manganese gallium particle selected in the step (1) is irregular shape particle, copper powder particle is spheric granules.
A kind of preparation method of nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material, includes the following steps:
(1) nickel manganese gallium particle and copper particle of the particle size less than 100 μm are selected;
(2) by nickel manganese gallium particle, 1:0.67~4 are mixed by volume with copper powder particle, and the corresponding volume of nickel manganese gallium particle contains Amount is 20~60%;
(3) by mixed-powder mechanical mixture 30~90 minutes in the ball mill;
(4) uniformly mixed powder is placed in mold sinter molding in discharge plasma sintering furnace, sintering pressure 20 ~80MPa, sintering temperature are 700~900 DEG C, and sintering time is 5~10min, obtains nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material.
The nickel manganese gallium particle selected in the step (1) is prepared by mechanical attrition method, and copper powder particle passes through gas atomization Method preparation.
The nickel manganese gallium particle selected in the step (1) is irregular shape particle, and copper powder particle is spheric granules.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material mechanical property parameters of the invention can achieve: compressive strength > 850MPa, together When compression strain > 30%, with pressureless sintering method preparation composite material compared with, plasticity dramatically increases, and shows good synthesis Mechanical property.
(2) present invention prepares nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material using discharge plasma sintering process, with traditional hot pressed sintering Method is compared with pressureless sintering method, and discharge plasma sintering process is few with sintering defect, sintering temperature is low, sintering time is short and raw High-efficient advantage is produced, can be used for the preparation of high quality nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material batch and production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is NiMnGa particle/Cu composite material preparation and representation schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 a is the stereoscan photograph for being sintered pure Cu;
Fig. 2 b is to be sintered the stereoscan photograph that NiMnGa particle/Cu ratio is 20% composite material;
Fig. 2 c is to be sintered the stereoscan photograph that NiMnGa particle/Cu ratio is 30% composite material;
Fig. 2 d is to be sintered the stereoscan photograph that NiMnGa particle/Cu ratio is 40% composite material;
Fig. 3 is the room temperature XRD of different volumes content NiMnGa particle/Cu composite material, NiMnGa particle and the pure Cu of sintering Diffracting spectrum;
Fig. 4 is the ac magnetization of different volumes content NiMnGa particle/Cu composite material, NiMnGa particle and the pure Cu of sintering Rate-temperature test curve;
Fig. 5 is different volumes content NiMnGa particle/Cu composite material and the compressive stress strain curve for being sintered pure Cu.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
It illustrates below and the present invention is described in more detail:
(1) Ni is prepared using high-energy mechanical ball milling method disclosed in patent (ZL200710071687.8)49.8Mn28.5Ga21.7 Alloying pellet obtains NiMnGa particle of the particle size less than 100 microns;
(2) atomization spherical shape Cu powder particles of the particle size less than 100 microns are selected;
(3) by NiMnGa particle and Cu powder particles, 1:4,3:7 and 1:1.5 carry out ingredient by volume, NiMnGa particle It is 20%, 30% and 40% that volume content, which respectively corresponds, then using high speed vibration ball mill (abrading-ball is not added) by NiMnGa Grain obtains mixed-powder with Cu powder particles mixing 30min;
(4) uniformly mixed powder is placed in mold, the sinter molding in discharge plasma sintering furnace, sintering pressure For 40MPa, sintering temperature is 800 DEG C, and the sintered heat insulating time is that 5min takes sample after temperature drops to room temperature from mold Out, NiMnGa particle/Cu composite material is obtained.Pure Cu bulk is prepared using identical sintering process parameter simultaneously.Composite material Preparation flow is as shown in Figure 1.
(5) scanning electron microscopic observation NiMnGa particle/Cu composite material microscopic structure is utilized, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 (a), (b), (c), (d) are respectively the microstructure picture of the composite material of pure Cu, 20%, 30%, 40%.It can be seen from the figure that sharp The pure surface Cu with SPS sintering preparation is finer and close, basic without sintering hole.After adding NiMnGa particle, composite material table Face is mainly by dark and light two kinds of organizational compositions, and as NiMnGa granule content increases, dark color tissue gradually increases.EDS energy Spectrum test result shows that dark tissue is mainly the phase of reacting of NiMnGa and Cu, and light color tissue is Cu or NiMnGa, such as arrow in figure Shown in head, therefore as the reaction product content that NiMnGa granule content increases NiMnGa and Cu gradually increases.In addition, from figure As can be seen that compared with the composite material of pressureless sintering method preparation, NiMnGa particle/Cu of discharge plasma sintering process preparation Quantity significantly reduces the defects of hole caused by sintering process in composite material.
(6) material phase analysis is carried out to NiMnGa particle/Cu composite material using X-ray diffractometer, as shown in figure 3, with NiMnGa granule content increases, and the diffraction maximum of Cu matrix gradually weakens in composite material, only detects in 40% composite material A small amount of NiMnGa diffraction maximum, this result side light, the crystal structure and Cu matrix phase of NiMnGa particle and Cu reaction product Seemingly, when granule content is 40%, the single NiMnGa content in composite material is higher, thus it is observed that the diffraction of NiMnGa Peak.
(7) bent using multi-parameter magnetics test system and test NiMnGa particle/Cu composite material ac magnetic susceptibility-temperature Line, as shown in figure 4, apparent martensitic traoformation and Curie transition is not detected in 20% and 30% composite material, 40% The Curie transition that NiMnGa is detected in composite material illustrates that the single NiMnGa content in 40% composite material is higher, This is consistent with above-mentioned X-ray diffraction result.
(8) bent using universal electrical Material Testing Machine test NiMnGa particle/Cu composite material compression stress-strain Line is not broken in compression process as shown in figure 5, the plasticity of fine copper is good, finally compresses flakiness.With NiMnGa The addition of grain and content increase, and the compressive strength of composite material is gradually increased, but plasticity declines to a certain extent.In Can be obtained in 40% composite material > compressive strength of 850MPa and > 30% breaking strain, show good comprehensive mechanics Performance.
Recently, we are prepared for NiMnGa/Cu composite material using pressureless sintering method, and result of study shows NiMnGa Grain can effectively strengthen Cu matrix, but due to not applying pressure in sintering process, lead to the sintering hole etc. in composite material Defect is more, to reduce the plasticity of composite material.NiTi particle and Cu Particles dispersed are utilized into discharge plasma legal system The result of study of standby composite material finds that discharge plasma is sintered (heating rate is fast, sintering time is short) can be sintered Apply different pressures in journey, the deformation of Cu can be effectively facilitated, thus the defects of reducing the hole in sintered combined material.Cause This, the present invention proposes to prepare NiMnGa particle/Cu composite material using discharge plasma sintering process, passes through Fast Sintering of pressurizeing Method preparation consistency is high and Cu-base composites with preferable comprehensive mechanical property.
The present invention is to provide nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material and preparation methods.Nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material preparation step It is as follows: (1) to select nickel manganese gallium particle and copper particle of the particle size less than 100 μm;(2) nickel manganese gallium particle is pressed with copper powder particle Volume ratio 1:(0.67~4) mixing, the corresponding volume content of nickel manganese gallium particle is 20~60%;(3) by mixed-powder in ball milling Mechanical mixture 30~90 minutes in machine;(4) uniformly mixed powder mold is placed in discharge plasma sintering furnace to sinter into Type, sintering pressure are 20~80MPa, and sintering temperature is 700~900 DEG C, and sintering time is 5~10min, obtains nickel manganese gallium/copper Composite material.Composite material prepared by the present invention has both good intensity and ductility, can using discharge plasma sintering process With the sintering defect being substantially reduced in composite material, this method sintering temperature is low, preparation efficiency is high, is suitble to rapid batch production.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material, characterized in that be prepared from the following steps:
(1) nickel manganese gallium particle and copper particle of the particle size less than 100 μm are selected;
(2) by nickel manganese gallium particle, 1:0.67~4 are mixed by volume with copper powder particle, and the corresponding volume content of nickel manganese gallium particle is 20~60%;
(3) by mixed-powder mechanical mixture 30~90 minutes in the ball mill;
(4) uniformly mixed powder being placed in mold sinter molding in discharge plasma sintering furnace, sintering pressure is 20~ 80MPa, sintering temperature are 700~900 DEG C, and sintering time is 5~10min, obtains nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material.
2. nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the nickel manganese gallium selected in the step (1) Particle is prepared by mechanical attrition method, and copper powder particle is prepared by gas atomization.
3. nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the nickel selected in the step (1) Manganese gallium particle is irregular shape particle, and copper powder particle is spheric granules.
4. a kind of preparation method of nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material, characterized in that include the following steps:
(1) nickel manganese gallium particle and copper particle of the particle size less than 100 μm are selected;
(2) by nickel manganese gallium particle, 1:0.67~4 are mixed by volume with copper powder particle, and the corresponding volume content of nickel manganese gallium particle is 20~60%;
(3) by mixed-powder mechanical mixture 30~90 minutes in the ball mill;
(4) uniformly mixed powder being placed in mold sinter molding in discharge plasma sintering furnace, sintering pressure is 20~ 80MPa, sintering temperature are 700~900 DEG C, and sintering time is 5~10min, obtains nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material.
5. nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that the nickel manganese gallium selected in the step (1) Particle is prepared by mechanical attrition method, and copper powder particle is prepared by gas atomization.
6. nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the nickel selected in the step (1) Manganese gallium particle is irregular shape particle, and copper powder particle is spheric granules.
CN201910910773.6A 2019-09-25 2019-09-25 A kind of nickel manganese gallium/carbon/carbon-copper composite material and preparation method Pending CN110499437A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080276623A1 (en) * 2007-05-11 2008-11-13 Naushad Ali Magnetic refrigerant material
CN108620582A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-10-09 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of composite material and preparation method of magnetic memorial alloy and copper
CN109822095A (en) * 2019-04-04 2019-05-31 哈尔滨工程大学 Shape memory alloy particles enhance Cu-base composites and preparation method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080276623A1 (en) * 2007-05-11 2008-11-13 Naushad Ali Magnetic refrigerant material
CN108620582A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-10-09 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of composite material and preparation method of magnetic memorial alloy and copper
CN109822095A (en) * 2019-04-04 2019-05-31 哈尔滨工程大学 Shape memory alloy particles enhance Cu-base composites and preparation method

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Application publication date: 20191126