CN110499404A - A kind of 12Cr2Ni4Steel grade smelting process - Google Patents
A kind of 12Cr2Ni4Steel grade smelting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN110499404A CN110499404A CN201910947779.0A CN201910947779A CN110499404A CN 110499404 A CN110499404 A CN 110499404A CN 201910947779 A CN201910947779 A CN 201910947779A CN 110499404 A CN110499404 A CN 110499404A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of 12Cr2Ni4Steel grade smelting process, is related to metal smelt technology field, and step includes: ingredient, C:1.5~2.0%, Si:1.0~1.2%, P :≤0.032%, other elements are controlled according to steel grade lower limit, arc furnace melts waste material, 1600~1630 DEG C of tapping temperature, AOD furnace decarburization, desulfurization adjust alloying component, the weak stirring 15min-25min of LF refining furnace, molding casting after temperature, ingredient are qualified.Smelting process of the present invention makes full use of the decarburization and cr yield of AOD furnace to act on, reduce the loss of chromium in raw material, molten steel being vigorously stirred by AOD furnace simultaneously, sulfur content can be taken off to 0.010% or less, it is refined using LF furnace, the cleanliness factor of molten steel is improved, the method can control A, B, C type impurity within 1.5 grades, reach the requirement of superfine high-quality steel in GB/T3077-2015 standard.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal smelt technology fields, disclose a kind of 12Cr2Ni4 steel grade smelting process.
Background technique
12Cr2Ni4 belongs to structural alloy steel, and intensity height, good toughness, harden ability are good, and carburizing and quenching rear surface layer is hard
Degree and wearability are all good, and plasticity is good when cold deformation, and machinability is fair, but has susceptibility of flake formation and temper brittleness, and weldability is poor.
As the large-scale carburizing part to work under high load capacity, alternate stress, such as by the various gears of high load capacity, worm gear, worm screw, axis machinery
Structural member.Conventional electric arc furnaces → LF furnace → casting process smelting cycle is long, and de- S is ineffective, and LF furnace needs to be added a large amount of close
The degree of purity of gold, molten steel is difficult to control, and molten steel residence time in ladle is long, and the resistance to material of ladle also will form the suspension in molten steel
Object.AOD furnace has good decarburization and cr yield ability, and the oxidation of chromium is reduced during decarburization, thus can be by alloy
It is incorporated when ingredient, the additional amount in less later period；AOD is smelted using double slag process, and stirring acutely, substantially increases de- in furnace
Sulphur efficiency；After molten steel to LF furnace, addition alloy is not had to, molten steel is short in the ladle residence time, cooperates the clinker of high alkalinity, can
It is further ensured that the degree of purity of molten steel.
Summary of the invention
The present invention discloses a kind of 12Cr2Ni4 steel grade smelting process, takes off the technologies such as S is ineffective in the prior art to overcome
Problem.
To achieve the above object, a kind of 12Cr2Ni4 steel grade smelting process, comprising the following steps:
1) when, preparing ingredient, chemical element component meter by weight includes in ingredient
1.5~2.0% C, 1.0~1.2% Si ,≤0.032% P, the Cr of 1.15~1..45%, 3.00~
3.25% Ni, lime 50kg/t are divided in 3 batch cans, and lime is added in batch can bottom, and 1/3 amount is added in each batch can；
2), arc melting
It is powered and smelts after electric arc furnaces charging, oxygen blast is fluxing after the 3~5min that is powered, under load melting 80% or more is added
One tank material, furnace charge all melt, temperature reach 1600~1630 DEG C, Si ingredient in 0.3~0.6% range after, be added 100
~150kg silicon carbide deacidizing 10min, steel slag is mixed to go out steel；
3), AOD smelts
Electric arc furnaces molten steel does not need to remove clinker, is directly blended into AOD furnace with converting ladle, converts AOD sample examination ingredient after steel,
According to ingredient with addition of alloy, AOD furnace heating by O2 blowing, decarburization, auxiliary gas whole process uses argon gas, after carbon content reaches steel grade requirement,
10~15kg/t ferrosilicon prereduction 5min is added, removes prereduction slag, lime, fluorite, aluminium block is added, and slag making restores again, reduction
It taps after 5min；
4), LF furnace refines
LF whole process uses the weak stirring of argon gas, forbids molten steel exposed, and at 80~90 DEG C, temperature component closes the control tapping degree of superheat
After lattice, tapping molding casting.
Further, it being calculated by 35 tons of capacity of electric arc furnace, lime is added in 32~33t in the control of step (1) furnace charge total weight,
Control basicity of slag 1.0~1.5.
Further, step (2) electric arc furnaces does not need de- C, de- P, de- S, using the mixed punching of steel slag, does not need that steel is stayed to stay slag, also
Chromium in former part clinker.
Further, step (3) AOD furnace pair gas whole process uses argon gas, using the violent decarburizing reaction of AOD and stirring, tentatively
Molten steel is purified, AOD furnace slag making again controls basicity of slag 2.5 or more, and the quantity of slag is in 1.2~1.5t.
Further, in the heating of step (4) LF refining furnace and whipping process, refining time 15min~25min.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
1, using AOD furnace decarburization and cr yield the characteristics of will contain chromium furnace charge supplying in electric furnace ingredient link, and chromium closes after reducing reduction
The additional amount of gold improves Molten Steel Cleanliness, reduces cost of alloy；
2, using the efficient dynamic conditions of AOD furnace and deaeration capacity, slugging efficiency is improved, makes high alkalinity clinker, efficiently
The desulfurization of rate, removes removing and harmful gas and field trash；
3, LF reduction link is eliminated, liquid steel temperature is reduced, shortens molten steel in the ladle residence time, molten steel is in LF furnace
Only need to carry out soft blow, the high alkalinity clinker that cooperation AOD makes further increases Molten Steel Cleanliness.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clearly and completely
Description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this hair
Embodiment in bright, every other implementation obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is right below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present application in order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand application scheme
The technical solution of the application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only the reality of the application a part
Example is applied, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creation
Property labour under the premise of every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the term " includes " in the description and claims of this application, it is intended that covering is not
Exclusive includes, for example, the method for containing series of steps those of is not necessarily limited to be clearly listed step, but may include
Other steps being not clearly listed or intrinsic for these methods.In the absence of conflict, the implementation in the application
Feature in example and embodiment can be combined with each other.The application is described in detail below with reference to embodiment.
The present invention needs 12Cr2Ni4 steel grade chemical component weight percentage to be prepared specifically:
Carbon C:0.10~0.16
Silicon Si:0.17~0.37
Manganese Mn:0.30~0.60
Sulphur S: allow residual content≤0.035
Phosphorus P: allow residual content≤0.035
Chromium Cr:1.25~1.65
Nickel: 3.25~3.65
Copper Cu: allow residual content≤0.030
Remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Embodiment 1
Ingredient: food ingredient is as shown in table 1:
Table 1: food ingredient
| C% | Si% | Mn% | P% | S% | Cr% | Ni% |
| 1.9 | 1.2 | - | 0.031 | - | 1.2 | 3.1 |
Ingredient total weight 31t, lime adding amount 1500kg
Arc melting: oxygen blast is fluxing after electric arc furnaces energization 4min, and next tank material is added in 80% or more fusing, and furnace charge is complete
Portion's fusing, temperature reach 1620 DEG C, and steel slag is mixed after 100kg silicon carbide deacidizing 10min is added from fire door goes out steel.
AOD smelts: 80kg high carbon ferro-chrome, 10kg ferronickel, heating by O2 blowing, decarburization, main gas use is added according to composition of steel is converted in AOD
Oxygen and argon gas, auxiliary gas argon gas.The prereduction of 280kg ferrosilicon is added after reaching 0.11% in sampling carbon content, and prereduction 5min takes off
Except prereduction slag, 400kg lime is added, 260kg fluorite, slag making restores 26kg aluminium block again, restores 5min, S content
0.008%, tapping to ladle.
The refining of LF furnace: the weak stirring of LF whole process argon gas, 1560 DEG C of temperature of LF furnace seat packet, be powered heating, and temperature reaches 1590
Have a power failure after DEG C, weak stirring 15min, temperature reaches 1578 DEG C, and 78 DEG C of molten steel overheat, tapping molding is poured.
Product field trash grading: 0.5 grade of A class, 1.5 grades of B class, 1.0 grades of C class, 0.5 grade of D class, 0.5 grade of Ds class.
Embodiment 2
Ingredient: food ingredient is as shown in table 2:
Table 2: food ingredient
| C% | Si% | Mn% | P% | S% | Cr% | Ni% |
| 2.0 | 1.12 | - | 0.032 | - | 1.13 | 3.14 |
Ingredient total weight 32.4t, lime adding amount 1500kg
Arc melting: oxygen blast is fluxing after electric arc furnaces energization 5min, and next tank material is added in 80% or more fusing, and furnace charge is complete
Portion's fusing, temperature reach 1630 DEG C, and steel slag is mixed after 120kg silicon carbide deacidizing 10min is added from fire door goes out steel.
AOD smelts: 75kg high carbon ferro-chrome, heating by O2 blowing, decarburization, main gas oxygen and argon is added according to composition of steel is converted in AOD
Gas, auxiliary gas argon gas.The prereduction of 300kg ferrosilicon is added after reaching 0.15% in sampling carbon content, and prereduction 5min removes prereduction
400kg lime is added in slag, and 200kg fluorite, slag making restores 26kg aluminium block again, restores 5min, S content 0.005%, tapping is extremely
Ladle.
The refining of LF furnace: the weak stirring of LF whole process argon gas, 1550 DEG C of temperature of LF furnace seat packet, be powered heating, and temperature reaches 1594
Have a power failure after DEG C, weak stirring 17min, temperature reaches 1580 DEG C, and 80 DEG C of molten steel overheat, tapping molding is poured.
Product field trash grading: 0.5 grade of A class, 1.5 grades of B class, 0.5 grade of C class, 1 grade of D class, 0.5 grade of Ds class.
Embodiment 3
Ingredient: food ingredient is as shown in table 3:
Table 3: food ingredient
| C% | Si% | Mn% | P% | S% | Cr% | Ni% |
| 1.86 | 1.04 | - | 0.032 | - | 1.2 | 3.05 |
Ingredient total weight 32.5t, lime adding amount 1500kg
Arc melting: oxygen blast is fluxing after electric arc furnaces energization 5min, and next tank material is added in 80% or more fusing, and furnace charge is complete
Portion's fusing, temperature reach 1615 DEG C, and steel slag is mixed after 120kg silicon carbide deacidizing 10min is added from fire door goes out steel.
AOD smelts: 60kg high carbon ferro-chrome, 14kg ferronickel, heating by O2 blowing, decarburization, main gas use is added according to composition of steel is converted in AOD
Oxygen and argon gas, auxiliary gas argon gas.The prereduction of 280kg ferrosilicon is added after reaching 0.12% in sampling carbon content, and prereduction 5min takes off
Except prereduction slag, 380kg lime is added, 190kg fluorite, slag making restores 26kg aluminium block again, restores 5min, S content
0.009%, tapping to ladle.
The refining of LF furnace: the weak stirring of LF whole process argon gas, 1570 DEG C of temperature of LF furnace seat packet, be powered heating, and temperature reaches 1605
Have a power failure after DEG C, weak stirring 20min, temperature reaches 1583 DEG C, and 83 DEG C of molten steel overheat, tapping molding is poured.
Product field trash grading: 0.5 grade of A class, 1.5 grades of B class, 0.5 grade of C class, 1 grade of D class, 0.5 grade of Ds class.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
The present invention is not limited to above to the description of embodiment, the content that those skilled in the art disclose according to the present invention, In
The improvement and modification that need not be carried out by creative work on the basis of the present invention, all should protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of 12Cr2Ni4Steel grade smelting process, which comprises the following steps:
1) when, preparing ingredient, chemical element component meter by weight includes in material
1.5~2.0% C, 1.0~1.2% Si ,≤0.032% P, the Cr of 1.15~1..45%, 3.00~3.25%
Ni, lime 50kg/t, be divided in 3 batch cans, lime is added in batch can bottom, and 1/3 amount is added in each batch can；
2), arc melting
It is powered and smelts after electric arc furnaces charging, oxygen blast is fluxing after the 3~5min that is powered, and load melting 80% or more is added next tank
Material, furnace charge all melt, temperature reach 1600~1630 DEG C, Si ingredient in 0.3~0.6% range after, be added 100~
150kg silicon carbide deacidizing 10min, steel slag is mixed to go out steel；
3), AOD smelts
Electric arc furnaces molten steel does not need to remove clinker, is directly blended into AOD furnace with converting ladle, converts AOD sample examination ingredient after steel, according to
Ingredient is with addition of alloy, and AOD furnace heating by O2 blowing, decarburization, auxiliary gas whole process uses argon gas, after carbon content reaches steel grade requirement, is added
10~15kg/t ferrosilicon prereduction 5min removes prereduction slag, and lime, fluorite, aluminium block is added, and slag making restores again, restores 5min
It taps later；
4), LF furnace refines
LF whole process use the weak stirring of argon gas, forbid molten steel exposed, control tapping the degree of superheat at 80~90 DEG C, temperature component qualification
Afterwards, tapping molding casting.
2. a kind of 12Cr2Ni4 steel grade smelting process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that press 35 tons of capacity of electric arc furnace
It calculates, lime is added in 32~33t in the control of step (1) furnace charge total weight, controls basicity of slag 1.0~1.5.
3. a kind of 12Cr2Ni4 steel grade smelting process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step (2) electric arc furnaces is not
De- C, de- P, de- S are needed, using the mixed punching of steel slag, does not need that steel is stayed to stay slag, restores the chromium in the clinker of part.
4. a kind of 12Cr2Ni4 steel grade smelting process according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step (3) AOD furnace pair gas
Whole process uses argon gas, and using the violent decarburizing reaction of AOD and stirring, preliminary purification molten steel, AOD furnace slag making again controls clinker
Basicity is 2.5 or more, and the quantity of slag is in 1.2~1.5t.
5. a kind of 12Cr2Ni4 steel grade smelting process according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step (4) LF refining furnace
In heating and whipping process, refining time 15min~25min.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112593046A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-02 | 安徽富凯特材有限公司 | Smelting method for improving recovery rate of niobium in niobium-containing waste |
| CN113073269A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-06 | 安徽富凯特材有限公司 | Smelting process of high-carbon chromium stainless bearing steel parent metal |
| CN113088716A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 安徽富凯特材有限公司 | Ultralow-oxygen slag system for electroslag remelting and preparation method thereof |
| CN115261730A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-01 | 安徽富凯特材有限公司 | Heat-resistant stainless steel for magnesium smelting reduction tank and preparation method thereof |
| CN115449599A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2022-12-09 | 安徽富凯特材有限公司 | Molten steel calcium deoxidation method |
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| CN109457169A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-12 | 烟台台海玛努尔核电设备有限公司 | A kind of smelting process of P91 steel |
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| CN112593046A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-02 | 安徽富凯特材有限公司 | Smelting method for improving recovery rate of niobium in niobium-containing waste |
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| CN113088716A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 安徽富凯特材有限公司 | Ultralow-oxygen slag system for electroslag remelting and preparation method thereof |
| CN115261730A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-01 | 安徽富凯特材有限公司 | Heat-resistant stainless steel for magnesium smelting reduction tank and preparation method thereof |
| CN115261730B (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2023-10-20 | 安徽富凯特材有限公司 | Heat-resistant stainless steel for magnesium smelting reduction tank and preparation method thereof |
| CN115449599A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2022-12-09 | 安徽富凯特材有限公司 | Molten steel calcium deoxidation method |
| CN115449599B (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-09-19 | 安徽富凯特材有限公司 | Molten steel calcium deoxidization method |
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| CN110499404B (en) | 2021-03-19 |
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