CN110496227A - 一种基于燕麦β-葡聚糖的澄清型疏水性多酚运载体系及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种基于燕麦β-葡聚糖的澄清型疏水性多酚运载体系及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110496227A CN110496227A CN201910957463.XA CN201910957463A CN110496227A CN 110496227 A CN110496227 A CN 110496227A CN 201910957463 A CN201910957463 A CN 201910957463A CN 110496227 A CN110496227 A CN 110496227A
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- polyphenol
- avenabeta glucosan
- lactoferrin
- hydrophobicity
- curcumin
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于燕麦β‑葡聚糖的澄清型疏水性多酚运载体系及其制备方法。本发明以燕麦β‑葡聚糖‑乳铁蛋白复合物为壁材,以姜黄素为疏水性多酚模型,通过调控自组装、喷雾干燥、乙醇水溶液中敞口加热溶解,成功制备得到澄清的三元复合物溶液。该方法制备工艺简单、易于操作。澄清型三元复合物溶液经冷冻干燥后,得到了呈“棉花状”的三元复合物颗粒,粒度分布均匀,可以作为新型的功能性配料或运载体系,用于包埋、传递和运载如姜黄素等疏水性多酚物质,包埋率高,极大提高了姜黄素的稳定性。本发明得到了稳定的澄清透明β‑葡聚糖‑乳铁蛋白‑疏水性多酚三元复合物水溶液体系,可广泛应用于食品、药品和化妆品体系中。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物制品加工技术领域,涉及一种基于燕麦β-葡聚糖、乳铁蛋白和疏水性多酚的澄清型三元复合物的制备方法。
背景技术
许多从植物界提取的多酚类物质具有多种生物活性功能,然而,疏水性多酚的水溶性较低,生物利用率较差,严重限制了其在食品、药品和化妆品体系中的应用。姜黄素是从姜黄根茎中提取分离的一种多酚类物质,是植物界稀有的具有β-二酮结构的色素,具有抗菌,抗炎,抗氧化和抗癌等多种生物活性功能,作为功能性食品添加剂引起了广泛关注。有研究表明,通过构建传递体系能够提高姜黄素的水溶性和生物利用率,如,纳米颗粒,纳米乳液,聚合物胶束等。蛋白质在食品传递体系中可以作为壁材,用于包埋、传递食品功能因子。多种天然蛋白质与姜黄素之间的相互作用已被广泛研究,如,β-酪蛋白,αS1-酪蛋白,乳清蛋白以及β-乳球蛋白。尽管有许多关于蛋白质和姜黄素相互作用的研究,但大多数蛋白质仅起载体的作用。乳铁蛋白是一种单链的球状糖蛋白,存在于许多哺乳动物的分泌液中。与其他蛋白质不同,LF具有多种生物活性功能,如抗菌,抗病毒,抗炎和免疫调节等。研究基于LF为载体的传递体系,对于开发新型多功能食品添加剂和配料具有重要意义。燕麦β-葡聚糖是一种中性多糖,由与(1→3)和(1→4)键相连的β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基单元的线性链组成。它具有独特的增稠能力和健康益处,如促进脂质代谢、减弱餐后血糖反应和降低血液胆固醇水平等。此外,许多研究选择蛋白质、淀粉和脂质作为壁材,用于构建生物活性化合物的各种食品级传递系统。然而,由于它们的可消化性,所构建的输送系统在通过胃和小肠时容易分解,因此无法将生物活性化合物输送到结肠中。许多研究已经提供了证据,证明燕麦β-葡聚糖是一种可用于构建食品级、结肠特异性的生物活性化合物传递壁材的完美候选聚合物,。另外,燕麦β-葡聚糖还具有许多其它突出特点,如在不同温度和pH水平下的高稳定性、生物相容性和在生理温度下的耐酸水解性。因此,燕麦β-葡聚糖可作为一种有效的微胶囊壁材,用于生物活性化合物的靶向释放和控释。但是,在水溶液中,由于燕麦β-葡聚糖分子间容易通过氢键聚集,得到的溶液通常具有很高的浊度。特别是当燕麦β-葡聚糖与蛋白质和多酚相混合时,聚集程度更强,溶液浊度更大,严重限制了复合物在澄清食品、药品和化妆品体系中的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于以燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白复合物为载体,运载疏水性多酚类物质,提高疏水性多酚的包埋率,热稳定性和光稳定性,改善其生物利用率,为功能因子稳态化提供新途径。
基于燕麦β-葡聚糖的澄清型疏水性多酚运载体系,包括疏水性多酚和以燕麦β-葡聚糖为“壳”,以乳铁蛋白为“核”的载体。
基于燕麦β-葡聚糖的澄清型疏水性多酚运载体系的制备方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
(1) 溶解:将燕麦β-葡聚糖溶解于90℃超纯水中,乳铁蛋白常温溶解于超纯水中,疏水性多酚溶解于无水乙醇中,磁力搅拌至完全溶解;
(2) 自组装:将燕麦β-葡聚糖水溶液、乳铁蛋白水溶液和疏水性多酚醇溶液按一定顺序混合组装;
(3) 喷雾干燥:将上述(2)得到的三元复合物溶液进行喷雾干燥,得到喷雾干燥固体颗粒;
(4) 再溶解:将上述(3)得到的喷雾干燥固体颗粒在乙醇水溶液中加热溶解,蒸发乙醇和部分水,得到澄清溶液。
优选的,疏水性多酚为姜黄素。
优选的,步骤(1)中所述的燕麦β-葡聚糖质量分数为0.1%~5%,燕麦β-葡聚糖与乳铁蛋白的质量比为40:1~1:10,姜黄素与乳铁蛋白的质量比为100:1~50:1,使用的乙醇水溶液体积分数为5%~30% (v/v)。
优选的,步骤(2)中所述的自组装顺序是先两两混合,自组装1-10 h后,再与第三种溶液进行混合自组装1-10 h,得到三种不同结构的三元复合物。燕麦β-葡聚糖和乳铁蛋白先混合组装(记做:LF-OG,简写为:GL),然后与姜黄素组装记为三元复合物Ⅰ(简写为:GLCⅠ);乳铁蛋白和姜黄素先混合组装,然后与燕麦β-葡聚糖组装记为三元复合物Ⅱ(简写为:GLC Ⅱ);燕麦β-葡聚糖和姜黄素先混合组装,然后与乳铁蛋白组装记为三元复合物Ⅲ(简写为:GLC Ⅲ)。
优选的,步骤(3)中所述喷雾干燥特征在于进料温度为100-150 oC,出料温度为60-80 oC,进样速度为1-10 mL/min。
优选的,步骤(4)中所述的溶解时所需溶剂为含乙醇浓度为5-50%的乙醇水溶液,溶解温度为30-100℃,非密闭容器,溶解时间1-3 min。
本发明的方法有益效果:本发明以燕麦β-葡聚糖、乳铁蛋白和疏水性多酚如姜黄素为原料,通过调控自组装顺序构建得到三种不同结构的三元复合物,经喷雾干燥后得到固体颗粒,并在乙醇水溶液中敞口加热溶解,成功制备得到澄清的三元复合物溶液。该方法制备工艺简单、易于操作。三元复合物澄清溶液经冷冻干燥后,得到了呈“棉花状”的三元复合物颗粒,粒度分布均匀。这些燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白-疏水性多酚三元复合物可以作为新型的功能性配料或运载体系,用于包埋、传递和运载如姜黄素等疏水性多酚物质。在燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白-姜黄素三元复合物中,姜黄素包埋率可高达92%以上,极大提高了姜黄素的稳定性。本发明利用乙醇水溶液加热溶解,在加热过程中,乙醇会因热的作用而挥发,因此,得到了澄清透明的三元复合物水溶液,该水溶液稳定性特别好,可广泛应用于食品药品和化妆品体系中。
附图说明
图1为本发明各实施例与对比实施例溶解状态的表观对照图;
图2为本发明部分实施例与对比实施例冷冻干燥或喷雾干燥后的表观对照图;
图3为本发明实施例的粒径、PDI、浊度和ζ-电位;
图4为本发明实施例的光学显微镜图片;
图5为本发明实施例的红外光谱图(FTIR);
图6为本发明实施例的XRD衍射图;
图7为本发明实施例的荧光光谱图;
图8为本发明自组装复合物直接冷冻干燥后得到颗粒的SEM(GL);
图9为本发明自组装复合物直接冷冻干燥后得到的颗粒SEM(GLC Ⅰ);
图10为本发明自组装复合物直接冷冻干燥后得到的颗粒SEM(GLC Ⅱ);
图11为本发明自组装复合物直接冷冻干燥后得到的颗粒SEM(GLC Ⅲ);
图12为本发明自组装复合物经喷雾干燥后得到的颗粒SEM(GL);
图13为本发明自组装复合物经喷雾干燥后得到的颗粒SEM(GLC Ⅰ);
图14为本发明自组装复合物经喷雾干燥后得到的颗粒SEM(GLC Ⅱ);
图15为本发明自组装复合物经喷雾干燥后得到的颗粒SEM(GLC Ⅲ);
图16为图12颗粒溶解于10%乙醇中再冷冻干燥后得到颗粒的SEM(GL);
图17为图13颗粒溶解于10%乙醇中再冷冻干燥后得到颗粒的SEM(GLC Ⅰ);
图18为图14颗粒溶解于10%乙醇中再冷冻干燥后得到颗粒的SEM(GLC Ⅱ);
图19为图15颗粒溶解于10%乙醇中再冷冻干燥后得到颗粒的SEM(GLC Ⅲ)。
实施方式
实施例1
(1)溶解:将10g燕麦β-葡聚糖在90℃条件下溶解于超纯水中配置成2.0%质量分数浓度溶液,10g乳铁蛋白于常温条件下溶解于超纯水中配置成0.2 mM浓度溶液,搅拌至完全溶解。配置50 mL20mg/mL的姜黄素乙醇溶液;
(2) 自组装:分别取上述三种溶液500 mL、500 mL和50 mL,按照顺序Ⅰ组装。涡旋振荡2min,静置组装2h,制备得到燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白-姜黄素三元复合物Ⅰ;
(3)喷雾干燥:将上述三元复合物喷雾干燥,喷雾干燥条件为:进料温度为130℃,出料温度为60 ℃,进样速度为2 mL/min,得到三元复合物固体颗粒;
(4)再溶解:取上述固体颗粒1g,溶于100mL20%的乙醇水溶液中,边搅拌边加热,2min后即可得到较为澄清的溶液。
结果如下:
图1中本实施例燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白-姜黄素三元复合物Ⅰ(M1)的表观图显示:与燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白复合物对照组(LF-OG)相比,本实施例三元复合物Ⅰ溶液为较为澄清的黄色溶液,复合物完全溶液,无姜黄素晶体析;
图3中本实施例燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白-姜黄素三元复合物Ⅰ的粒径、浊度和电位图显示:三元复合物粒径为1050 nm,浊度为79 NTU,ζ-电位为3.42 mV;
图4中本实施例三元复合物的光学显微镜图显示:与燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白复合物对照组相比,三元复合物Ⅰ的粒径减小,分散系数(PDI)减小到0.59,分散性改善;
图5中本实施例三元复合物Ⅰ的FTIR图显示:燕麦β-葡聚糖、乳铁蛋白和姜黄素存在相互作用;
图6中本实施例三元复合物的ⅠXRD衍射图显示:姜黄素是以无定形分散在三元复合物中;
图7中本实施例三元复合物Ⅰ的荧光光谱图显示:与燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白复合物对照组相比,三元复合物的荧光强度下降,且最高峰发生明显蓝移,证实存在氢键作用;
图13中本实施例三元复合物Ⅰ喷雾干燥后的颗粒的SEM显示:经喷雾干燥后的颗粒,表面很细腻;
图2和17显示,本实施例制得了“棉花状”颗粒。
实例2
(1)溶解:将9g燕麦β-葡聚糖在90℃条件下溶解于超纯水中配置成1.0%质量分数浓度溶液,7g乳铁蛋白于常温条件下溶解于超纯水中配置成0.3 mM浓度溶液,搅拌至完全溶解。配置50mL 40mg/mL的姜黄素乙醇溶液;
(2) 自组装:分别取上述三种溶液500 mL、500 mL和10 mL,按照顺序Ⅱ组装。涡旋振荡2min,静置组装2h,制备得到燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白-姜黄素三元复合物Ⅱ;
(3)喷雾干燥:将上述三元复合物喷雾干燥,喷雾干燥条件为:进料温度为130℃,出料温度为60 oC,进样速度为2 mL/min,得到三元复合物固体颗粒;
(4)再溶解:取上述固体颗粒1g,溶于100mL15%的乙醇水溶液中,边搅拌边加热,2min后即可得到澄清溶液。
结果如下:
图1中本实施例燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白-姜黄素三元复合物Ⅱ(M2)的表观现象图显示:与燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白复合物对照组相比,三元复合物Ⅱ溶液为澄清的黄色溶液,复合物完全溶液,无姜黄素晶体析;
图3中本实施例燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白-姜黄素三元复合物Ⅱ的粒径、浊度和电位图显示:三元复合物Ⅱ的粒径为632 nm,浊度为32 NTU,ζ-电位为1.36 mV;
图4中本实施例三元复合物Ⅱ的光学显微镜图显示:与燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白复合物对照组相比,三元复合物的粒径减小,分散系数(PDI)减小到0.32,分散性进一步改善;
图5中本实施例三元复合物Ⅱ的FTIR图显示:燕麦β-葡聚糖、乳铁蛋白和姜黄素存在相互作用;
图6中本实施例三元复合物Ⅱ的XRD衍射图显示:姜黄素是以无定形分散在三元复合物中;
图7中本实施例三元复合物Ⅱ的荧光光谱图显示:与燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白复合物对照组相比,三元复合物的荧光强度下降,且最高峰发生明显蓝移,证实存在氢键作用;
图14中本实施例三元复合物Ⅱ喷雾干燥后的颗粒的SEM显示:经喷雾干燥后的颗粒,表面很细腻;
图2和18显示,本实施例制得了“棉花状”颗粒。
实施例3
(1)溶解:将10g燕麦β-葡聚糖在90℃条件下溶解于超纯水中配置成0.5%质量分数浓度溶液,5g乳铁蛋白于常温条件下溶解于超纯水中配置成0.4 mM浓度溶液,搅拌至完全溶解。配置50mL 40mg/mL的姜黄素乙醇溶液;
(2) 自组装:分别取上述三种溶液500 mL、500 mL和50 mL,按照顺序Ⅲ组装。涡旋振荡2min,静置组装2h,制备得到燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白-姜黄素三元复合物Ⅲ;
(3)喷雾干燥:将上述三元复合物喷雾干燥,喷雾干燥条件为:进料温度为150℃,出料温度为70 oC,进样速度为10 mL/min,得到三元复合物固体颗粒;
(4)再溶解:取上述固体颗粒1g,溶于100mL30%的乙醇水溶液中,边搅拌边加热,5min后即可得到澄清溶液。
结果如下:
图1中本实施例燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白-姜黄素三元复合物Ⅲ(M3)的表观现象图显示:与燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白复合物对照组相比,三元复合物Ⅲ溶液为澄清的黄色溶液,复合物完全溶液,无姜黄素晶体析;
图3中本实施例燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白-姜黄素三元复合物Ⅲ的粒径、浊度和电位图显示:三元复合物Ⅱ的粒径为522 nm,浊度为20 NTU,ζ-电位为1.1 mV;
图4中本实施例三元复合物Ⅲ的光学显微镜图显示:与燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白复合物对照组相比,三元复合物的粒径减小,分散系数(PDI)减小到0.28,分散性较好;
图5中本实施例三元复合物Ⅲ的FTIR图显示:燕麦β-葡聚糖、乳铁蛋白和姜黄素存在相互作用;
图6中本实施例三元复合物Ⅲ的XRD衍射图显示:姜黄素是以无定形分散在三元复合物中;
图7中本实施例三元复合物Ⅲ的荧光光谱图显示:与燕麦β-葡聚糖-乳铁蛋白复合物对照组相比,三元复合物的荧光强度下降,且最高峰发生明显蓝移,证实存在氢键作用;
图15中本实施例三元复合物Ⅲ喷雾干燥后的颗粒的SEM显示:经喷雾干燥后的颗粒,表面很细腻;
图2和19显示,本实施例制得了“棉花状”颗粒。
对比实施例1-3
对比实施例1-3分别对应实施例1-3,区别在于步骤(3)采取冷冻干燥,其他条件不变;
结果如下:
图1、8-11显示:自组装复合物经过冷冻干燥得到的粉体颗粒表面较为粗糙,溶解性差,溶液浑浊。
对比实施例4-6
对比实施例4-6分别对应实施例1-3,区别在于步骤(4)用超纯水进行溶解,其他条件不变;
结果如下:
图1显示:自组装复合物步骤(4)用超纯水进行溶解,溶解性差,溶液浑浊。
对比实施例7-9
对比实施例7-9分别对应实施例1-3,区别在于步骤(4)使用密闭容器进行密闭溶解,其他条件不变;
结果如下:
图1显示:自组装复合物步骤(4)用超纯水进行溶解,溶解性差,溶液浑浊。
基于蛋白质与燕麦β-葡聚糖热力学不相溶性。当乳铁蛋白与燕麦β-葡聚糖自组装后,在2h内还是稳定的。但当放置24h后,溶液出现明显的沉淀。说明:尽管乳铁蛋白能够与燕麦β-葡聚糖自组装形成复合物,但是,复合物很不稳定。当复合物运载姜黄素时,沉淀更加明显,我们意外发现通过喷雾干燥,将复合物在80℃条件下,溶于乙醇水溶液中后,溶液变澄清,尤其是对于产物Ⅱ和产物Ⅲ,溶液几乎是透明的,在制备澄清溶液的过程中,其中一个关键点是:敞口加热溶解喷雾干燥粉末,才能得到澄清溶液。如果密闭加热喷雾干燥粉末,所得溶液是浑浊的,得不到澄清溶液;同时,在加热过程中,乙醇会因热的作用而挥发,因此,溶液中几乎不含乙醇,不影响在食品中的应用。有趣的是,将澄清溶液样品经冷冻干燥后,如图2所示,得到“棉花状”颗粒,完全不同于自组装浑浊溶液冷冻干燥样品,这种“棉花状”颗粒可以作为新型的功能性配料或运载体系,利用燕麦β-葡聚糖作为“核壳结构”的“壳”,利用乳铁蛋白和姜黄素作为“核壳结构”的“核”,用于包埋、传递和运载如姜黄素等疏水性多酚物质,同时所形成的复合物可广泛应用于澄清型溶液体系。
Claims (10)
1.一种基于燕麦β-葡聚糖的澄清型疏水性多酚运载体系,其特征在于,所述运载体系包括疏水性多酚和载体,所述载体包括燕麦β-葡聚糖和乳铁蛋白。
2.一种基于燕麦β-葡聚糖的澄清型疏水性多酚运载体系的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)溶解:将燕麦β-葡聚糖和乳铁蛋白分别溶解于水中,疏水性多酚溶解于乙醇中,磁力搅拌至完全溶解;
(2)自组装:将燕麦β-葡聚糖水溶液、乳铁蛋白水溶液和疏水性多酚醇溶液进行混合组装;
(3)喷雾干燥:将步骤(2)得到的三元复合物溶液进行喷雾干燥,得到喷雾干燥固体颗粒;
(4)再溶解:将步骤(3)得到的喷雾干燥固体颗粒在非密闭容器中用乙醇水溶液加热溶解,得到澄清溶液。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的疏水性多酚为姜黄素。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤(1)中燕麦β-葡聚糖质量分数为0.1%~5%,燕麦β-葡聚糖与乳铁蛋白的质量比为40:1~1:10,姜黄素与乳铁蛋白的质量比为100:1~50:1,使用的乙醇水溶液体积分数为5%~30% (v/v)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤(2)的组装方法是先两两混合,自组装1-10 h后,再与第三种溶液进行混合自组装1-10 h。
6.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤(2)组装方法是先将乳铁蛋白和姜黄素混合组装,自组装1-10 h后,再与燕麦β-葡聚糖进行混合自组装1-10 h。
7.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤(2)组装方法是先将燕麦β-葡聚糖和姜黄素先混合组装,自组装1-10 h后,再与燕麦β-葡聚糖进行混合自组装1-10 h。
8.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤(3)中喷雾干燥特征在于进料温度为100-150 oC,出料温度为60-80 oC,进样速度为1-10 mL/min。
9.根据权利要求4中所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤(4)中溶解时所需溶剂为含乙醇浓度为5-50%的乙醇水溶液,溶解温度为30-100℃,溶解时间1-3 min。
10.根据权利要求1-9任一权利要求制备方法制备的运载体系在食品、药品和化妆品中的应用。
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CN115336760B (zh) * | 2022-08-16 | 2024-04-30 | 河南科技学院 | 一种基于交叉水凝胶构建的超稳定混合型高内相乳液体系及其制备方法 |
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