CN110493856B - Data frame retransmission method, device, equipment and storage medium for wireless network dormancy - Google Patents
Data frame retransmission method, device, equipment and storage medium for wireless network dormancy Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
- H04W52/0248—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal dependent on the time of the day, e.g. according to expected transmission activity
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The application discloses a data frame retransmission method for wireless network dormancy, which comprises the steps of judging whether a gateway node starts a dormancy mode, if so, setting the window length to be equal to the dormancy duration, carrying out the next step, and if not, setting the window length to be a default value and ending the process; sending a data frame to a gateway node, and entering a first receiving window period; judging whether a frame or information is received, if so, executing a fifth step; judging whether the first receiving window is finished, if so, finishing the process, and if not, executing a third step; judging whether a reply frame sent by the gateway node is received, if so, ending the first receiving window and ending the process; judging whether frames sent to other nodes by the gateway node are received and no subsequent frames exist, if so, not setting a second receiving window to end the process; and setting a second receiving window, and waiting for a window time, wherein the method can shorten the working time of the terminal node and reduce the energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of data transmission of the Internet of things, and particularly relates to a data frame retransmission method, a data frame retransmission device, data frame retransmission equipment and a storage medium for wireless network dormancy.
Background
In recent years, the internet of things has gained wide attention and great development, but the internet of things still lacks of a special network protocol. Aiming at the connection requirements of low power consumption, wide range and the like required by the internet of things, the industry provides the concept of LPWAN (low power consumption wide area network), and a plurality of network technologies suitable for LPWAN exist, including LoRa, Sigfox, LTM-M, NWave and the like.
The LoRa technology is relatively mature at present, and reaches the state of large-scale networking and application, and the LoRa is the abbreviation of 'Long Range', meaning Long-distance transmission. LoRa is a radio modem technology suitable for long distance, low power consumption and low data transmission rate applications. The LoRa is communicated by adopting a channel of 125kHz, and the data transmission rate range is 0.3-50 kbit/s. Due to the adoption of the spread spectrum modulation technology, the LoRa can realize demodulation when the signal-to-noise ratio is lower than 20dB, so that the network connection has high sensitivity and is more reliable. The overall network structure of LoRa is divided into several functions of terminal, gateway, network service and application service, where data transmission can be performed between the LoRa terminal and the gateway through LoRa wireless technology, and the interaction between the gateway and the core network or the wan can be through TCP/IP protocol, which can be ethernet with wired connection, or 3G/4G type wireless connection, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall network structure of LoRa. The transmission of the LoRaWAN protocol is mainly classified into 3 modes, which are respectively called Class a, Class B and Class C, and all terminal devices in the LoRaWAN protocol must be capable of implementing Class a. Wherein, the terminal equipment of Class A has lowest power consumption and allows bidirectional communication in application, the terminal sends an uplink transmission signal and then carries out downlink communication with the server, the downlink communication with the server can only be carried out after the uplink communication, the parameter setting of the transmission window of the terminal equipment depends on the communication requirement of the equipment, and the window can be fine-tuned, and with each uplink transmission, the terminal device will open two receive windows, receive the content of the downlink transmission, and the start time of the receive window is fixed, as shown in fig. 2, FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the timing of a Class A mode RECEIVE window, wherein a RECEIVE window 1(RX1) is opened after the uplink modulation ends RECEIVE _ DELAY1 (in s, 20 μ s) duration, which uses the same channel frequency as the uplink, and the data rate of the RECEIVE window 1 is adjusted according to the data rate of the uplink; RECEIVE window 2(RX2) opens after RECEIVE _ DELAY2 (units s, + -20 microseconds) duration after the end of uplink modulation, using a set fixed frequency and data rate, which can be modified by MAC commands. Class B is to add a synchronized receiving window to the terminal, and one of the limitations of Class a is the Aloha algorithm used by the terminal to send data, so that the client application or the server cannot contact the terminal within a certain time, and the purpose of Class B is to enable the terminal to start receiving within a foreseeable time outside the receiving window after the terminal of Class a randomly ascends. Class B is a method for the gateway to periodically send beacons to synchronize all terminals in the network so that the terminals can open a short receive window at a certain point in time in the periodic time slot, called a "ping slot". The Class C terminal is generally applied to a scenario with sufficient power supply, so that the reception time does not need to be reduced, the Class C terminal cannot execute Class B, and the Class C terminal uses the RX2 window to listen as much as possible. According to the Class a specification, the terminal does not perform RX2 reception until RX1 receives or receives data, and in order to meet the specification, the terminal opens a short RX2 window between the end of uplink transmission and the opening of an RX1 reception window, and once the RX1 reception window is closed, the terminal immediately switches to an RX2 reception state, and the RX2 reception window continues to be opened unless the terminal needs to transmit other messages.
The communication process of the LoRa is mainly divided into three parts of terminal activation, OTAA networking and data transmission. The terminal activation specifically comprises the following steps: in order to join The LoRaWAN network, each terminal needs to be initialized and activated, and The terminal Activation has two modes, one mode is Over The Air Activation (OTAA), and The other mode is independent Activation By Personalisation (ABP). Through air activation, a terminal must perform data interaction with a network server according to a network access flow, if the terminal loses a session message, the network access flow must be performed again each time, and the terminal needs to prepare three parameters of EUI, APPUI and APPkey in the network access process. In some cases, the terminal device may be activated independently, and the independent activation is to allow the terminal to bypass the networking process of the join request and the join accept and directly join the join request and the join accept in the specified network. The OTAA specifically accesses the network as follows: the various servers and gateway equipment are considered as a whole and are collectively called as gateway equipment, so that the specific process of accessing the network in the OTAA mode is that a terminal node sends a network access request, namely the MAC message type is join-request; the gateway equipment receives the network access request, agrees to network access, registers the equipment, establishes the relation between the long address and the short address, generates a communication key, packs the parameters of the communication key and sends the parameters to the terminal, and the MAC message type is join-accept; and the terminal equipment obtains three parameters of Addr, APPSKKEY and NWKSKEY according to the issued MAC message. The data transmission method specifically comprises the following steps: the data transmission can be carried out after the network connection is successful, in the data transmission process, the working period can be set through a specific MAC command according to the communication requirement, the data transmission rate can be adaptively controlled, the channel frequency can be modified, the receiving window can be set, and the like, and if the sent data information needs to be confirmed, the receiver sends back one data information as a response. The LoRaWAN data frame structure comprises a PHY frame format and an MAC frame format, wherein LoRa is provided with an uplink message and a downlink message, the uplink message is sent by a terminal and is forwarded to a network server through one or more gateways. The uplink message contains PHDR and PHDR _ CRC fields, the integrity of the load is ensured by CRC check, the PHDR, PHDR _ CRC and load CRC fields are added through a radio frequency transceiver, and the format of the uplink PHY frame is Preamble | PHDR | PHDR _ CRC | PHYPayload | CRC. The downstream message is generated by the network server and forwarded to the single terminal via the single gateway. The downlink message comprises PHDR and PHDR _ CRC fields, and the format of the downlink PHY frame is Preamble | PHDR | PHDR _ CRC | PHYPpayload. For the MAC frame format, all uplink and downlink messages of LoRa carry a PHY load, where the PHY load starts with a 1-byte MAC frame header (MHDR), and then is followed by a MAC load (MAC payload) and finally a 4-byte MAC check code (MIC), and the MAC frame format is shown in fig. 3, where fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a MAC frame.
In the prior art, an uplink timing chart of terminal equipment sending acknowledgement data in the standard specification of the LoRa alliance is shown in fig. 4, and fig. 4 is an uplink timing chart of terminal equipment sending acknowledgement data in the standard specification of the LoRa alliance. The terminal equipment can firstly send the Confirmed Data0 at any rate in any channel, then the counter Cu adds 1, after the LoRa channel transmission, the gateway RECEIVEs the Data frame, generates a downlink Data frame with ACK after the RECEIVE _ DELAY (unit: s) time length, and transmits the ACK Data frame to the terminal equipment in the receiving window 1 of the Class A mode, and the channel and the Data rate of the downlink and the uplink used by the receiving window 1 are the same. After that, the counter Cd is added with 1, if the communication process is smooth, the terminal equipment receives the reply information with ACK in the specified time range, the terminal equipment continues to send the next frame Data Confirmed Data 1; if the ACK-accompanied reply message is not successfully received, the last transmission message needs to be retransmitted, assuming that the ACK reply message is lost in the downlink, the terminal device retransmits the Confirmed Data0 after an ACK _ TIMEOUT (unit: s) duration, the retransmission must use another channel and follow the duty cycle limitation in the normal transmission process, and once the ACK-accompanied Data frame is correctly demodulated by the terminal device, the terminal device can transmit a new frame of Data using the new channel.
However, when the load of the gateway node is light, it may be considered that the gateway node sleeps, and due to the introduction of the sleep requirement of the gateway device, the gateway device needs to perform continuous switching between the doze state and the sleep state according to the period T, in the existing LoRaWAN technical standard, the terminal device cannot adjust the number of downlink receiving windows according to whether the gateway is in the sleep state, and if the terminal device does not receive a reply frame (i.e., an ACK frame, the same below) in the receiving window 1 and does not receive any other information, it indicates that the gateway device is in the sleep state or does not normally receive a data frame at this time, then the terminal device does not receive the reply frame in the receiving window 2. In this case, that is, after the requirement for gateway device dormancy is introduced, how the terminal device reduces the downlink receiving window waste is an urgent problem to be solved, so that the life cycle of the gateway node can be prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method, an apparatus, a device and a storage medium for retransmitting a data frame of a wireless network dormancy, which can shorten the operating time of a terminal node, reduce energy consumption, and retransmit a data frame that has failed in transmission as soon as possible, thereby being beneficial to reducing the transmission delay of the data frame.
The method for retransmitting the data frame of the wireless network dormancy provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: judging whether the gateway node starts a sleep mode, if so, setting the lengths of the first receiving window and the second receiving window to be equal to the sleep time length, and carrying out the next step, otherwise, setting the lengths to be default values and finishing the process;
the second step is that: sending a data frame to the gateway node and entering a time period of the first receiving window;
the third step: judging whether a frame or information is received or not in the time period of the first receiving window, if so, executing the fifth step, and if not, executing the next step;
the fourth step: judging whether the first receiving window is finished or not, if so, finishing the process, and if not, executing a third step;
the fifth step: judging whether a reply frame sent by the gateway node is received, if so, ending the first receiving window and ending the process, and if not, executing the next step;
and a sixth step: judging whether frames sent to other nodes by the gateway node are received or not and no subsequent frames exist, if so, no second receiving window is set, the process is ended, and if not, the next step is executed;
the seventh step: and setting the second receiving window, waiting for the time of one window again, and then ending the process.
Preferably, in the above dormant data frame retransmission method for a wireless network, after determining that the gateway node activates the dormant mode, the method further includes: and setting the overtime retransmission threshold of the terminal node to be equal to the dormancy duration of the gateway node.
Preferably, in the above method for retransmitting a data frame of a wireless network dormancy, after determining that a frame sent by the gateway node to another node is received and there is no subsequent frame, the method further includes:
prolonging the retransmission waiting time of the residual data frame to 2Tr-TpWherein, TrRetransmission threshold for terminal node timeout, TpThe time required to transmit one ACK frame.
Preferably, in the above method for retransmitting a data frame of a wireless network dormancy, after it is determined that a frame sent by the gateway node to another node is not received and there is no subsequent frame, the method further includes:
adding T to the retransmission latency of the remaining data framer。
The dormant data frame retransmission device of the wireless network provided by the invention comprises:
the first judging component is used for judging whether the gateway node starts the sleep mode, if so, the lengths of the first receiving window and the second receiving window are set to be equal to the sleep duration, the function of the sending component is executed, and if not, the lengths are set to be default values and the flow is ended;
the sending component is used for sending a data frame to the gateway node and entering the time period of the first receiving window;
a second judging unit configured to judge whether a frame or information is received or not at a time period of the first receiving window, if so, perform a function of a fourth judging unit, and if not, perform a function of a third judging unit;
the third judging component is configured to judge whether the first receiving window is ended, if yes, end the process, and if not, execute the function of the second judging component;
the fourth judging component is configured to judge whether a reply frame sent by the gateway node is received, if yes, end the first receiving window and end the process, and if not, execute a function of a fifth judging component;
the fifth judging component is used for judging whether frames sent to other nodes by the gateway node are received or not and no subsequent frames exist, if so, the second receiving window is not set, the process is ended, and if not, the function of the setting component is executed;
and the setting component is used for setting the second receiving window, waiting for the time of one window again and then ending the process.
Preferably, in the dormant data frame retransmission apparatus of the wireless network, the first determining unit is further configured to set the terminal node timeout retransmission threshold equal to the dormant duration of the gateway node after determining that the gateway node enables the dormant mode.
Preferably, in the data frame retransmission apparatus for wireless network dormancy, the fifth determining unit is further configured to, after determining that a frame sent by the gateway node to another node is received and no subsequent frame exists, prolong the retransmission waiting time of the remaining data frame to 2Tr-TpWherein, TrRetransmission threshold for terminal node timeout, TpThe time required to transmit one ACK frame.
Preferably, in the data frame retransmission apparatus for wireless network dormancy, the fifth determining unit is further configured to add T to the retransmission waiting time of the remaining data frame after determining that no frame sent by the gateway node to another node is received and no subsequent frame existsr。
The dormant data frame retransmission equipment of the wireless network provided by the invention comprises:
a memory to store instructions; wherein the instruction comprises an instruction of each action in the data frame retransmission method of the wireless network dormancy;
a processor to execute the instructions in the memory.
The present invention provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for retransmitting data frames for wireless network hibernation as in any one of the above.
As can be seen from the above description, the method for retransmitting the data frame of the wireless network dormancy provided by the present invention includes: the first step is as follows: judging whether the gateway node starts a sleep mode, if so, setting the lengths of the first receiving window and the second receiving window to be equal to the sleep time length, and carrying out the next step, otherwise, setting the lengths to be default values and finishing the process; the second step is that: sending a data frame to the gateway node and entering a time period of the first receiving window; the third step: judging whether a frame or information is received or not in the time period of the first receiving window, if so, executing the fifth step, and if not, executing the next step; the fourth step: judging whether the first receiving window is finished or not, if so, finishing the process, and if not, executing a third step; the fifth step: judging whether a reply frame sent by the gateway node is received, if so, ending the first receiving window and ending the process, and if not, executing the next step; and a sixth step: judging whether frames sent to other nodes by the gateway node are received or not and no subsequent frames exist, if so, no second receiving window is set, the process is ended, and if not, the next step is executed; the seventh step: setting the second receiving window, waiting for the time of one window again, and then ending the process, so that under the condition that the first receiving window of the terminal equipment does not receive the reply frame and does not receive any information, the gateway equipment is in a dormant state at this time, and the terminal equipment does not set and open the second receiving window any more, thereby shortening the working time of the terminal node, reducing the energy consumption, and retransmitting the data frame which fails to be transmitted as soon as possible, thereby being beneficial to reducing the transmission delay of the data frame.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall network structure of LoRa;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the timing of the Class A mode receive window;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a MAC frame;
fig. 4 is an uplink timing chart of the terminal device sending the acknowledgment data in the standard specification of the LoRa alliance;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a data frame retransmission method for wireless network dormancy provided in the present application;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method for retransmitting a dormant data frame of a wireless network;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a preferred example of a data frame retransmission method for wireless network dormancy;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a data frame retransmission apparatus for wireless network dormancy provided in the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a data frame retransmission device for wireless network dormancy provided in the present application.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for retransmitting a dormant data frame of a wireless network, which can shorten the working time of a terminal node, reduce the energy consumption and retransmit the data frame which fails to be transmitted as soon as possible, thereby being beneficial to reducing the transmission delay of the data frame.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a data frame retransmission method for wireless network dormancy provided by the present application, where fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the data frame retransmission method for wireless network dormancy provided by the present application, and the method includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: judging whether the gateway node starts a sleep mode, if so, setting the lengths of the first receiving window and the second receiving window to be equal to the sleep time length, and carrying out the next step, otherwise, setting the lengths to be default values and finishing the process;
specifically, the terminal node distinguishes the sleeping and non-sleeping working modes of the gateway node, adaptively determines the number and length of the receiving windows, when the gateway node is not in sleep, the terminal node maintains the number (the number is not less than 1 and not more than 2) and the length of the existing receiving windows unchanged, and when the gateway node is in sleep, the terminal node sets the lengths of the first receiving window and the second receiving window after the data frame is sent to be equal to the sleeping time T of the gateway nodesWherein T iss＝Tw，TwSetting the first receiving window and the second receiving window to be the sleeping time T for the working time length, namely the sleeping time length and the working time length of the gateway node are equalsThen, the first receiving window and the second receiving window do not fall into the dormant period of the gateway node, and the terminal node has a chance to receive the information sent by the gateway node.
The second step is that: sending a data frame to a gateway node and entering a time period of a first receiving window;
the third step: and judging whether a frame or information is received or not in the period of the first receiving window, if so, executing the fifth step, and if not, executing the next step, namely, if no information is received in the first receiving window, indicating that the data frame is not normally received by the gateway node, which may be because the gateway node is sleeping or has collided, and the like, then no second receiving window is set, and returning is carried out after the first receiving window is ended so as to retransmit the data frame in time.
The fourth step: judging whether the first receiving window is finished, if so, finishing the process, and if not, executing a third step;
that is, if no frame or information is received, the third step is continued to be returned to execute the judgment process until the first receiving window is finished, and after the first receiving window is finished, the whole process is finished without opening the second receiving window, so that the energy of the node can be saved.
The fifth step: judging whether a reply frame sent by the gateway node is received, if so, ending the first receiving window and ending the process, and if not, executing the next step;
that is, the reply frame sent by the gateway node is directly returned, because it proves that the gateway node is in the working state at the moment, so that the gateway node does not need to wait until the first receiving window is finished, and the energy of the node can be saved.
And a sixth step: judging whether frames sent to other nodes by the gateway node are received or not and no subsequent frames exist, if so, no second receiving window is set, the process is ended, and if not, the next step is executed;
in this step, on the basis that the reply frame of the gateway node is not received, whether a frame sent by the gateway node to other nodes is received and no subsequent frame is available is continuously judged, wherein when the flag bit of the subsequent frame is 0, it is judged that no subsequent frame is available at this time, and the second receiving window is not set any more, because the gateway node cannot send a frame even if the second receiving window is set.
The seventh step: and setting a second receiving window, waiting for the time of one window again, and then ending the process.
That is, if information is received in the first receive window but it cannot be confirmed that it was sent by the gateway node, possibly a frame or a bad frame sent by another end node), the second receive window is set and the time of one window is waited, that is, until the end of the second receive window.
As can be seen from the above description, in the embodiment of the foregoing method for retransmitting a dormant data frame in a wireless network provided in the present application, when a first receiving window of a terminal device does not receive a reply frame and does not receive any information, it indicates that a gateway device is in a dormant state at this time, and then the terminal device does not set and open a second receiving window, so that the working time of a terminal node can be shortened, energy consumption can be reduced, and a data frame that has failed to be transmitted can be retransmitted as soon as possible, which is beneficial to reducing data frame transmission delay.
To make the above embodiments more clear, referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a data frame retransmission method for wireless network dormancy, including the following steps:
1. the terminal node judges whether the gateway node starts the sleep mode, if so, the length T of the first receiving window and the length T of the second receiving window are determinedhSet equal to gateway node dormancy duration Ts(Ts＝Tw，TwWorking time length) and then executing the next step; if not, the number and length of the receiving windows are set as the default values recommended in the LoRaWAN technical document, and then the flow is ended.
2. And the terminal node enters the time period of the first receiving window after sending the data frame to the gateway node.
3. In the time period of a first receiving window, the terminal node judges whether a frame or information is received; if yes, executing the step 5; if not, the next step is performed.
4. The terminal node judges whether the first receiving window is finished; if yes, no second receiving window is set, and the process is ended; if not, executing step 3.
5. The terminal node judges whether a reply frame sent by the gateway node is received; if yes, ending the first receiving window and ending the process; if not, the next step is performed.
6. The terminal node judges whether the frame sent to other nodes by the gateway node is received and no subsequent frame is available (the flag bit of the subsequent frame is 0); if yes, no second receiving window is set, and the process is ended; if not, the next step is performed.
7. When the terminal node receives the frame or information (for example, the frame or bad frame sent by other terminal node) except the two frames in steps 5 and 6, it sets the second receiving window, waits for the time of one window, and then ends the process. It should be noted that, the frame or the information at this time may be a frame, a bad frame, or a frame with incomplete defect sent by another end node, and thus it cannot be determined that the gateway node is in a sleep state, because the gateway node may need to reply the frame to another end node, and also a frame with bad frame or incomplete defect is sent by the gateway node, so that the gateway node may also send the frame in the following second receiving window, in which case, a second receiving window needs to be set for receiving when the gateway sends the frame.
In a preferred embodiment of the method for retransmitting a dormant data frame in a wireless network, after determining that the gateway node enables a dormant mode, the method further includes: and setting the overtime retransmission threshold of the terminal node to be equal to the dormancy duration of the gateway node. In particular, the data frame is retransmitted over a time threshold TrSet equal to sleep duration TsAfter the terminal node sends the data frame, it enters the first receiving windowWaiting for receiving ACK frame, if not receiving ACK frame, but receiving frame sent by gateway node and having no following frame, then judging that current gateway node is working, then gateway node will sleep TsAnd then works again.
In a further embodiment, after determining that a frame sent by the gateway node to the other node is received and there is no subsequent frame, the method further includes:
prolonging the retransmission waiting time of the residual data frame to 2Tr-TpWherein, TrRetransmission threshold for terminal node timeout, TpThe time required to send an ACK frame can avoid the sleeping period of the gateway node (in the prior art, the retransmission latency is not adjusted, so that the gateway node can retransmit 1 time during sleeping, which wastes the retransmission times).
In a further embodiment, after determining that no frame sent by the gateway node to the other node is received and no subsequent frame exists, the method further includes: adding T to the retransmission latency of the remaining data framer. That is, if the end node receives the information in the first receive window but cannot confirm that it was sent by the gateway node (either a frame sent by another end node or a bad frame), then the current remaining retransmission latency is added to TrAnd waiting for a sleep duration to wait for receiving the frame sent by the gateway node.
The advantages of the above embodiment are: the terminal node adaptively adjusts the data frame retransmission waiting time, and can avoid unnecessarily sending frames to the gateway node during the gateway node dormancy period on the premise of keeping the performances such as success rate, time delay and the like unchanged, thereby reducing the retransmission times of the data frame and reducing the data frame transmission overhead. The method can be applied to other types of wireless networks using node dormancy and data frame acknowledgement retransmission besides the LoRa network.
For better clarity of the above description of the preferred embodiments, referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a preferred example of a data frame retransmission method for wireless network dormancy, including the following steps:
10. the terminal node starts to operate and starts to operate in the networkIn the process of initialization, judging whether a gateway node starts a sleep mode or not; if yes, setting the lengths Th of the first receiving window and the second receiving window to be equal to the dormancy duration T of the gateway nodes(Ts＝Tw，TwWorking time length) and then executing the next step; if not, the number and length of the receiving windows are set as the default values recommended in the LoRaWAN technical document, and then the flow is ended.
20. And the terminal node enters the time period of the first receiving window after sending the data frame to the gateway node.
30. In the time period of a first receiving window, the terminal node judges whether a frame or information is received; if yes, executing step 50; if not, the next step is performed.
40. The terminal node judges whether the first receiving window is finished; if yes, no second receiving window is set, and the process is ended; if not, step 30 is executed.
50. The terminal node judges whether a reply frame sent by the gateway node is received; if yes, ending the first receiving window and ending the process; if not, the next step is performed.
60. The terminal node judges whether the frame sent to other nodes by the gateway node is received and no subsequent frame is available (the flag bit of the subsequent frame is 0); if yes, prolonging the retransmission waiting time of the current residual data frame to 2Tr-Tp(wherein T ispTime required for sending an ACK frame) to avoid the sleep period of the gateway node, and directly ending the process without setting a second receiving window; if not, the next step is performed.
70. The terminal node (which receives the frame or information (for example, the frame or the bad frame sent by other terminal nodes) except the two frames in steps 50 and 60) adds Tr to the retransmission waiting time of the currently remaining data frame, sets a second receiving window, waits for the time of one window, and then ends the process.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a data frame retransmission apparatus for wireless network dormancy provided in the present application, where fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the data frame retransmission apparatus for wireless network dormancy provided in the present application, and the apparatus includes:
a first determining unit 801, configured to determine whether the gateway node starts a sleep mode, if so, set the lengths of the first receiving window and the second receiving window to be equal to a sleep duration, and execute the function of the sending unit, otherwise, set the lengths to be default values and end the process, specifically, the terminal node first distinguishes the sleep and non-sleep working modes of the gateway node, adaptively determines the number and length of the receiving windows, when the gateway node is not in sleep, the terminal node maintains the number (the number is not less than 1 and not greater than 2) and the length of the existing receiving windows unchanged, and when the gateway node is in sleep, the terminal node sets the lengths of the first receiving window and the second receiving window after sending the data frame to be equal to the sleep duration T of the gateway nodesWherein T iss＝Tw，TwSetting the first receiving window and the second receiving window to be the sleeping time T for the working time length, namely the sleeping time length and the working time length of the gateway node are equalsThen, the first receiving window and the second receiving window can not fall into the dormant period of the gateway, and the terminal node has an opportunity to receive the information sent by the gateway;
a transmitting section 802 for transmitting a data frame to a gateway node and entering a period of a first reception window;
a second judging unit 803, configured to judge whether a frame or information is received or not in the first receiving window period, if so, execute the function of the fourth judging unit, and if not, execute the function of the third judging unit, that is, if no information is received in the first receiving window, it indicates that the data frame is not normally received by the gateway node, which may be because the gateway node is sleeping or a collision occurs, and so on, the second receiving window is no longer set at this time, and after the first receiving window ends, the process returns to retransmit the data frame in time;
a third judging component 804, configured to judge whether the first receiving window is finished, if yes, finish the process, and if not, execute the function of the second judging component, that is, if no frame or information is received, continue to return to the third step to execute the judging process until the first receiving window is finished, and when the first receiving window is finished, finish the whole process without opening the second receiving window, so that node energy can be saved;
a fourth judging component 805, configured to judge whether a reply frame sent by the gateway node is received, if yes, end the first receiving window and end the process, and if not, execute the function of the fifth judging component, that is, the reply frame sent by the gateway node is directly returned, which proves that the gateway node is in a working state at this time, and thus the gateway node does not need to wait until the first receiving window is ended, thereby saving the energy of the node;
a fifth judging component, configured to judge whether a frame sent by the gateway node to another node is received and there is no subsequent frame, if yes, no second receiving window is set, and the process is ended, and if no, the function of the setting component is executed, that is, on the basis that no gateway node reply frame is received, it is continuously judged whether a frame sent by the gateway node to another node is received and there is no subsequent frame, where, when the flag bit of "there is a subsequent frame" is 0, it is judged that there is no subsequent frame at this time, there is no second receiving window set, and even if the second receiving window is set, the gateway node will not send a frame again;
setting means for setting a second receiving window and waiting for the time of one window again, and then ending the process, that is, if the information is received in the first receiving window but it cannot be confirmed that the information is sent by the gateway node, and may be a frame or a bad frame sent by another terminal node), setting the second receiving window and waiting for the time of one window again, that is, until the second receiving window ends.
The device can shorten the working time of the terminal node, reduce the energy consumption, and can retransmit the data frame which fails to be transmitted as soon as possible, thereby being beneficial to reducing the transmission delay of the data frame.
In a preferred embodiment of the dormant data frame retransmission apparatus of the wireless network, the first judging unit 801 is further configured to set the terminal node after judging that the gateway node enables the dormant modeThe overtime retransmission threshold is equal to the dormancy duration of the gateway node, specifically, the data frame overtime retransmission threshold TrSet equal to sleep duration TsAfter the terminal node sends the data frame, the terminal node enters a first receiving window to wait for receiving the ACK frame, if the terminal node does not receive the ACK frame, but receives the frame sent by the gateway node and has no subsequent frame, the terminal node can judge that the current gateway node works, and then the gateway node can sleep TsAnd then works again.
In a further embodiment, the fifth determining unit 806 is further configured to prolong the retransmission waiting time of the remaining data frame to 2T after determining that the frame sent by the gateway node to the other node is received and there is no subsequent framer-TpWherein, TrRetransmission threshold for terminal node timeout, TpThe time required to send an ACK frame can avoid the sleeping period of the gateway node (in the prior art, the retransmission latency is not adjusted, so that the gateway node can retransmit 1 time during sleeping, which wastes the retransmission times).
In a further embodiment, the fifth determining unit 806 is further configured to add T to the retransmission waiting time of the remaining data frame after determining that the frame sent by the gateway node to the other node is not received and there is no subsequent framer. That is, if the end node receives the information in the first receive window but cannot confirm that it was sent by the gateway node (either a frame sent by another end node or a bad frame), then the current remaining retransmission latency is added to ThAnd waiting for a sleep duration to wait for receiving the frame sent by the gateway node.
The advantages of the above embodiment are: the terminal node adaptively adjusts the data frame retransmission waiting time, and can avoid unnecessarily sending frames to the gateway node during the gateway node dormancy period on the premise of keeping the performances such as success rate, time delay and the like unchanged, thereby reducing the retransmission times of the data frame and reducing the data frame transmission overhead. The device can be applied to other types of wireless networks using node dormancy and data frame acknowledgement retransmission besides the LoRa network.
The present application further provides a data frame retransmission device for wireless network dormancy, as shown in fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the data frame retransmission device for wireless network dormancy provided by the present application, and the device includes:
a memory 901 for storing instructions; the instruction comprises an instruction of each action in the dormant data frame retransmission method of the wireless network;
a processor 902 for executing instructions in memory.
The present application further provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of a method for retransmission of data frames for wireless network hibernation as in any one of the above.
The above-described apparatus and storage medium have the same advantages as the above-described apparatus and method, and are not described in detail herein.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A method for retransmitting a dormant data frame of a wireless network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: judging whether the gateway node starts a sleep mode, if so, setting the lengths of the first receiving window and the second receiving window to be equal to the sleep time length, and carrying out the next step, otherwise, setting the lengths to be default values and finishing the process;
the second step is that: sending a data frame to the gateway node and entering a time period of the first receiving window;
the third step: judging whether a frame or information is received or not in the time period of the first receiving window, if so, executing the fifth step, and if not, executing the next step;
the fourth step: judging whether the first receiving window is finished or not, if so, finishing the process, and if not, executing a third step;
the fifth step: judging whether a reply frame sent by the gateway node is received, if so, ending the first receiving window and ending the process, and if not, executing the next step;
and a sixth step: judging whether frames sent to other nodes by the gateway node are received or not and no subsequent frames exist, if so, no second receiving window is set, the process is ended, and if not, the next step is executed;
the seventh step: setting the second receiving window, waiting for the time of one window again, and then ending the process;
after determining that the gateway node enables the sleep mode, the method further includes: setting an overtime retransmission threshold of a terminal node to be equal to the dormancy duration of the gateway node;
when it is judged that the frame sent to other nodes by the gateway node is received and no subsequent frame exists, the method further comprises the following steps:
prolonging the retransmission waiting time of the residual data frame to 2Tr-TpWherein, TrRetransmission threshold for terminal node timeout, TpThe time required to transmit one ACK frame.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein after determining that no frame sent by the gateway node to other nodes is received and no subsequent frame is available, the method further comprises:
adding T to the retransmission latency of the remaining data framer。
3. An apparatus for retransmitting a dormant data frame of a wireless network, comprising:
the first judging component is used for judging whether the gateway node starts the sleep mode, if so, the lengths of the first receiving window and the second receiving window are set to be equal to the sleep duration, the function of the sending component is executed, and if not, the lengths are set to be default values and the flow is ended;
the sending component is used for sending a data frame to the gateway node and entering the time period of the first receiving window;
a second judging unit configured to judge whether a frame or information is received or not at a time period of the first receiving window, if so, perform a function of a fourth judging unit, and if not, perform a function of a third judging unit;
the third judging component is configured to judge whether the first receiving window is ended, if yes, end the process, and if not, execute the function of the second judging component;
the fourth judging component is configured to judge whether a reply frame sent by the gateway node is received, if yes, end the first receiving window and end the process, and if not, execute a function of a fifth judging component;
the fifth judging component is used for judging whether frames sent to other nodes by the gateway node are received or not and no subsequent frames exist, if so, the second receiving window is not set, the process is ended, and if not, the function of the setting component is executed;
the setting component is used for setting the second receiving window, waiting for the time of one window again and then ending the process;
the first judging component is also used for setting an overtime retransmission threshold of a terminal node to be equal to the dormancy duration of the gateway node after judging that the gateway node starts the dormancy mode;
the fifth judging component is further configured to prolong the retransmission waiting time of the remaining data frame to 2T after judging that the frame sent by the gateway node to the other node is received and no subsequent frame existsr-TpWherein, TrRetransmission threshold for terminal node timeout, TpThe time required to transmit one ACK frame.
4. The apparatus for retransmitting data frames during dormancy of a wireless network as claimed in claim 3, wherein the fifth determining unit is further configured to determine that the gateway node is not sending data to other nodes when determining that the gateway node has not received dataAfter the frame(s) of (1) and no subsequent frame(s), adding T to the retransmission latency of the remaining data framer。
5. A dormant data frame retransmission device for a wireless network, comprising:
a memory to store instructions; wherein the instructions comprise instructions for each of the acts of any of claims 1-2;
a processor to execute the instructions in the memory.
6. A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of a method for retransmission of data frames for wireless network hibernation according to any one of claims 1-2.
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