CN110493837B - Method for realizing efficient switching in VLC/RF heterogeneous network - Google Patents
Method for realizing efficient switching in VLC/RF heterogeneous network Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
- H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
- H04B10/116—Visible light communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/14—Reselecting a network or an air interface
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
- H04W36/26—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by agreed or negotiated communication parameters
- H04W36/28—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by agreed or negotiated communication parameters involving a plurality of connections, e.g. multi-call or multi-bearer connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
- H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for realizing efficient switching in a VLC/RF heterogeneous network, which is based on the required rate gamma of a user when a single user uses the methoduWith a set rate threshold ΓqPerforming network handover in accordance with the relationship (2); for multi-user use, based on the user's desired rate ΓuChannel rate gamma of VLCvTo perform a network handover. The method for realizing efficient switching in the VLC/RF heterogeneous network simplifies hardware facilities, reduces interruption probability and time complexity, and improves QoE of users and efficient switching.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of indoor visible light communication, and relates to a method for realizing efficient switching in a VLC/RF heterogeneous network.
Background
At present, wireless communication has great development in data transmission rate, mobility, coverage and spectrum efficiency, but in the face of access of hundreds of billions of devices in the future, the increasing traffic demand obviously cannot be met by limited Radio Frequency (RF) spectrum resources. The contradiction between limited network transmission capacity and unlimited traffic flow demand has prompted people to explore new technological approaches to cope with the ever-increasing traffic demand. Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a Communication mode in which Light in a 380nm-780nm Visible Light band is used as an information carrier, and optical signals are directly transmitted in the air without transmission media of wired channels such as optical fibers, can provide an available bandwidth of nearly 400THz, has the advantages of safety, confidentiality, no harm to human eyes, difficulty in interference of electromagnetic radiation and the like, and simultaneously meets the requirements of users on the aspects of safety, rapidness, environmental protection and the like of Communication channels. The existing equipment based on indoor Light Emitting Diode (LED) basic illumination is used as a wireless access point, and another high-speed, safe and flexible access mode can be provided for indoor short-distance wireless communication. The VLC/RF heterogeneous network can reduce the interruption probability of a receiving end, improve the transmission rate of the receiving end, provide the optimal Quality of user Experience (QoE), and is suitable for application scenes such as hospitals and the like with small electromagnetic radiation and strong security of military bases. In the future, the VLC/RF heterogeneous network still needs to continuously improve the QoE of the user, provide higher user rate for places with large people flow, such as hospitals, airports and the like, and achieve high-quality and high-speed communication between people, people and objects and between objects by combining with 5G and 6G.
At present, the selection and switching of VLC/RF heterogeneous network access points mostly use the throughput of users and the signal-to-noise ratio of receiving ends as criteria, and the cumulative distribution function of the signal-to-noise ratio is deduced, so that the interruption probability of the receiving ends of the system is reduced, and the transmission rate of the users is improved. In the algorithm of the user experience quality, whether the user performs switching is determined according to the QoE level of the user side, and although the algorithm considers the reduction of the switching times of the user, higher time complexity is introduced, so that the hardware facility is higher when the user switches. In the algorithm, the standard of user switching is to Access to the optimal quantization level, and when the requirement on the user service rate is high, whether the signal-to-noise ratio of the Access Point (AP) enables the user to reach the optimal quantization level is calculated, so that the time for the user to request data is increased in the process, and the interruption probability of a receiving end is correspondingly improved. In the algorithm of priority VLCAPs access, VLC APs are main communication access points, and RF APs are auxiliary communication access points, and the algorithm fully utilizes the advantages of Visible Light Communication (VLC) channels (low electromagnetic radiation interference, high safety, wide bandwidth and the like) and provides higher transmission rate for users. However, no matter the service rate requirement of the user is high or low, the user accesses the VLC channel preferentially, so that the load of accessing the VLC channel is high, and therefore, the occupation of the frequency spectrum resource of the VLC channel by the user requiring low rate is introduced. The users access the network according to the sequence, and as the number of users increases, the rate provided by the channel decreases gradually, which affects the access of the high-rate users. Therefore, not only is higher interruption probability and time complexity introduced, but also the QoE of the user is greatly reduced. In the algorithm of equal signal-to-noise ratio, firstly, the difference value between the signal-to-noise ratio of the network channel to be connected by the user and the signal-to-noise ratio of the current network channel is calculated, secondly, the calculated difference value is compared with a set threshold value, if the calculated difference value is larger than the set threshold value, switching is selected, and otherwise, switching is not performed. Although the algorithm reaches the maximum signal-to-noise ratio of the channel, higher switching times and time complexity are introduced, the signal-to-noise ratio required by user services is ignored, and the difficulty in building hardware facilities is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for realizing efficient switching in a VLC/RF heterogeneous network, which simplifies hardware facilities, reduces interruption probability and time complexity, and improves QoE (quality of experience) of a user and efficient switching.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the method for realizing the high-efficiency switching in the VLC/RF heterogeneous network is based on the required rate gamma of the user when the method is used by a single useruWith a set rate threshold ΓqPerforming network handover in accordance with the relationship (2); for multi-user use, based on the user's desired rate ΓuChannel rate gamma of VLCvTo perform a network handover.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
user-based desired rate Γ for single user useuWith a set rate threshold ΓqThe specific steps of performing network handover according to the relationship (2) are as follows:
after the data request of the user is transmitted to the central controller, the central controller analyzes the required speed gammauAnd is in conjunction with a set rate threshold ΓqCompare, issue the following commands:
if gamma isu＞ΓqDirectly accessing into the VLC network;
if gamma isu＜ΓqDirectly accessing into the RF network;
if gamma isu＝ΓqVLC networks with low access load orAn RF network.
User-based desired rate Γ for multi-user useuRate of VLC network and current VLC networkvThe specific steps of performing network handover according to the relationship (2) are as follows:
after the data request of the user is transmitted to the central controller, the central controller analyzes the required speed gammauAnd with the channel rate Γ of the current VLC networkvCompare, issue the following commands:
if gamma isv＜ΓuAnd if not, not performing horizontal switching.
The data requests of single users and multiple users are all realized by the RF network as an uplink to the information transmission between the users and the central controller.
When the RF network is used as a link, the modulation scheme is OFDM, and when the VLC network is used as a link, the modulation scheme is OOK.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the method for realizing efficient switching in the VLC/RF heterogeneous network reduces time complexity and improves user service experience quality, when a user selects a downlink, the user only needs to calculate the rate required by the current state of the user and compares the rate with a set threshold value, and as long as the channel of the current network meets the rate required by the current user service, the corresponding network can be selected as the downlink for accessing; (2) the method for realizing efficient switching in the VLC/RF heterogeneous network simplifies hardware facilities, the switching only takes the rate required by user service as a measurement standard, if a network channel meets the rate requirement of a user, the user performs horizontal or vertical switching, otherwise, the connection of the current network is kept; (3) the method for realizing efficient switching in the VLC/RF heterogeneous network reduces the interruption probability of the user, the user switching is only related to the rate required by the user service, and although the user has the requirements of large throughput, high signal-to-noise ratio, low error rate and the like on a communication link, the user only needs to meet the rate required by the user service.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a method for realizing efficient switching in a VLC/RF heterogeneous network, which specifically comprises the following steps:
when the user requests data for a single user, the central controller analyzes the required rate gammauAnd is in conjunction with a set rate threshold ΓqCompare, issue the following commands:
if gamma isu＞ΓqDirectly accessing into the VLC network;
if gamma isu＜ΓqDirectly accessing into the RF network;
if gamma isu＝ΓqA VLC network or RF network with a small access load.
When multiple users are in use, after data request of users is transmitted to central controller, the central controller analyzes needed speed gammauAnd with the channel rate Γ of the current VLC networkvCompare, issue the following commands:
if gamma isv＜ΓuAnd if not, not performing horizontal switching.
When a single user is used, the user must first enter into a VLC/RF hybrid heterogeneous network, the antenna of the user gives a probe signal through an uplink of an RF channel, the request of user data is known, the uplink of the RF channel is selected because the VLC channel is difficult to realize full-duplex communication, the uplink of the VLC channel is interfered by downlink light, the dynamic reference range of the visible light communication uplink rate is only [80kbps, 120kbps ], and the dynamic range of the uplink peak rate of the RF channel can reach [3000kbps, 9000kbps ]. When the downlink of the RF channel receives the data request of the user, the data request of the user is sent to the central controller, and according to the set threshold value stored in the central controller and the required speed of the user service, the central controller judges which type of network meets the speed requirement, and the user accesses the downlink of the network.
If gamma isv＜ΓuHowever, when the corresponding network load reaches a certain number, the receiving end will perform vertical handover (vertical handover refers to inter-cell handover)And switching among different access networks in a wireless network) effectively reduces the interruption probability of users and realizes high-efficiency switching of the users.
In actual life, there is not only one user but also two or more users in one VLC/RF heterogeneous network, so the invention also provides a method for multi-user access in combination with actual situations. To reduce the complexity of the problem, the RF channel is only used for uplink information transmission, and the selection of the user downlink is switched horizontally between VLC APs.
The step of the plurality of users considering access of the VLC channel only:
firstly, two or more users enter a VLC/RF heterogeneous network, and as with a single user, the RF channel is used to complete uplink information transmission and send a data request to the user, the modulation mode of the RF channel as a link is OFDM, and the modulation mode of the VLC channel as a link is OOK.
When the RF channel receives the data request of the user, the RF channel sends the data request of the user to the central controller, and calculates the highest rate which can be provided for the user by the current VCL channel. The rate of user traffic (watching video, playing games, browsing web pages, strolling through a treasure, downloading files or videos, etc.) that is about to access the VLC channel is calculated. By comparing the rate of the user's traffic demand with the maximum rate that can be provided to the user by the current VLC channel. If the channel rate is greater than the rate requested by the user, the user performs horizontal switching, otherwise, the user keeps the connection of the current network.
When a user enters the overlapping coverage range of two adjacent VLC APs, the central controller can detect the light signal, but the ID sequence information of which VLC AP cannot be decoded due to the problem of light interference between the access points of visible light communication. At the same time, the user sends specific information to the central controller through the uplink of the RF channel, the central controller knows that the user is located in the overlapping area of VLC APs, and the data transmission of the user is completed through the downlink of the RF channel.
And (3) system model: the indoor environment includes N VLC APs and a single Wi-Fi AP, and is both placed on the ceiling and connected to the same CU by power lines. Since visible light has both lighting and communication functions, a reasonable layout of VLC APs first satisfies lighting. The visible light communication realizes that the downlink has larger interference to the light of the uplink when the full duplex communication is realized, and the uplink of the VLC channel is difficult to realize the transmission of information, so the uplink of the user of the invention carries out data transmission by an RF channel, and only the horizontal or vertical switching of the downlink of the user is researched. But to facilitate the CU in determining which VLC AP the user is located in, different ID sequences are assigned to the VLC APs and stored in the central controller, which detects the different ID sequences to determine which VLC AP the user is located in.
Claims (3)
1. A method for realizing high-efficiency switching in VLC/RF heterogeneous network is characterized in that when a single user uses the method, the required speed gamma is based on the useruWith a set rate threshold ΓqPerforming network handover in accordance with the relationship (2); for multi-user use, based on the user's desired rate ΓuChannel rate gamma of VLCvPerforming network handover in accordance with the relationship (2);
user-based desired rate Γ for single user useuWith a set rate threshold ΓqThe specific steps of performing network handover according to the relationship (2) are as follows:
after the data request of the user is transmitted to the central controller, the central controller analyzes the required speed gammauAnd is in conjunction with a set rate threshold ΓqCompare, issue the following commands:
if gamma isu>ΓqDirectly accessing into the VLC network;
if gamma isu<ΓqDirectly accessing into the RF network;
if gamma isu＝ΓqAccess to a VLC network or RF network with a small load;
user-based desired rate Γ for multi-user useuRate of VLC network and current VLC networkvThe specific steps of performing network handover according to the relationship (2) are as follows:
after the data request of the user is transmitted to the central controller, the central controller analyzes the required speed gammauAnd with the channel rate Γ of the current VLC networkvCompare, issue the following commands:
if gamma isv<ΓuAnd if not, not performing horizontal switching.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the single-user and multi-user data requests are transmitted to the user and the central controller via the uplink of the RF network.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the modulation scheme of the RF network is OFDM when the signal is used as the link, and the modulation scheme of the VLC network is OOK when the signal is used as the link.
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Effective date of registration: 20231130 Address after: Room 858, 8th Floor, SEG Computer City, No.8 Yanta Road Middle Section, Beilin District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710054 Patentee after: Shaanxi Qibang Ruili Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710048 Shaanxi province Xi'an Beilin District Jinhua Road No. 5 Patentee before: XI'AN University OF TECHNOLOGY |