CN110492139B - Gas mixing device for hydrogen fuel cell - Google Patents

Gas mixing device for hydrogen fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110492139B
CN110492139B CN201910713990.6A CN201910713990A CN110492139B CN 110492139 B CN110492139 B CN 110492139B CN 201910713990 A CN201910713990 A CN 201910713990A CN 110492139 B CN110492139 B CN 110492139B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
end cover
gas
fuel cell
liquid
hydrogen fuel
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CN201910713990.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110492139A (en
Inventor
张选高
高勇
陈斌
徐增师
杜爱勋
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Wuhan Institute of Marine Electric Propulsion China Shipbuilding Industry Corp No 712 Institute CSIC
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Wuhan Institute of Marine Electric Propulsion China Shipbuilding Industry Corp No 712 Institute CSIC
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Publication of CN110492139A publication Critical patent/CN110492139A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/10Mixing by creating a vortex flow, e.g. by tangential introduction of flow components
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04097Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04126Humidifying
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04156Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gas mixing device for a hydrogen fuel cell, which comprises a cylindrical mixing tank formed by an upper end cover, a tank body and a lower end cover, wherein a filter for filtering mixed gas is arranged at the inner side of the upper end cover, a pressure sensor, an oxygen concentration sensor and an overpressure exhaust valve are sequentially arranged at the outer side of the upper end cover, an air inlet channel and an oxygen inlet channel are arranged on one side wall of the tank body along the tangential direction, a fuel cell stack tail gas inlet channel is arranged on the other side wall along the tangential direction, a liquid collector is arranged on the lower end cover, and a liquid level switch and an electromagnetic valve are arranged on the liquid collector. The utility model adopts a multifunctional integrated design and gas rotation mixing technology, effectively realizes the pressure and concentration monitoring, gas humidification, gas-liquid separation and gas filtration of mixed gas, and has the advantages of simple structure, low technical difficulty, convenient installation and transportation, low manufacturing and maintenance cost, suitability for large-scale production and the like.

Description

Gas mixing device for hydrogen fuel cell
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a gas mixing device for a hydrogen fuel cell.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell is a power generation device for directly converting chemical energy existing in fuel and oxidant into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, and has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, high energy density, low vibration noise, zero emission and the like. Therefore, the hydrogen fuel cell is regarded as an ideal power device with cleanness and high efficiency in the 21 st century, is an important way for solving two problems of resource shortage and pollution deterioration, and has wide development and application prospect in the fields of new energy automobiles and green ships.
As a core component of a fuel cell power plant, a fuel cell stack has been demanded as an index of high power generation efficiency. At present, the main technical approach adopted by expert scholars at home and abroad is to improve a fuel cell stack body, such as bipolar plate structure optimization, membrane electrode material optimization and the like, but the requirements on professional quality, process equipment precision and material advancement of designers are higher, and the technical difficulty is higher. Based on the above, the utility model proposes to adopt a gas mixing and air supplying technology, namely, the concentration of oxygen in cathode gas supplied to the fuel cell stack is increased by mixing oxygen and air, so that the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell stack is improved.
The Chinese patent with publication number of CN109316987A, named as "gas mixing method and gas mixing system", discloses a gas mixing method and a gas mixing system, wherein a gas mixing device comprises a mixing tank and a vacuum pump, and a pressure controller is arranged on the mixing tank to realize gas receiving, mixing and pressure real-time monitoring. The Chinese patent with publication number of CN202921183U and name of automatic mixing equipment for oxygen and argon discloses automatic mixing equipment for gases, wherein a gas mixing device is a gas mixer, and an oxygen analyzer is arranged on a gas outlet pipeline of the automatic mixing equipment for monitoring the concentration of oxygen.
The gas mixing device can monitor the pressure and the concentration of the mixed gas and meet the use requirements of general users, but for the fuel cell stack with strict performance requirements of the mixed gas, the use requirements cannot be met: the fuel cell stack requires not only pressure and concentration monitoring of the cathode gas, but also strict requirements on cathode gas humidity, moisture and quality.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the utility model designs a gas mixing device for a hydrogen fuel cell, which can realize the monitoring of the pressure and concentration of air/oxygen mixed gas, the gas humidification, the gas-liquid separation and the gas filtration, and effectively improve the power generation efficiency of a fuel cell stack.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a gaseous blending device for hydrogen fuel cell, includes by upper end cover, jar body and lower extreme cover through the cylindrical blending jar that the bolt connects gradually formation, the upper end cover inboard be provided with and be used for mixing gas filterable filter, upper end cover outside has set gradually pressure sensor, oxygen concentration sensor and superpressure exhaust valve, jar body one side lateral wall be provided with air inlet duct and oxygen inlet duct along tangential direction, one side lateral wall be provided with fuel cell stack tail gas intake duct along tangential direction, the lower extreme cover on be provided with the liquid trap, the liquid trap on be provided with liquid level switch and solenoid valve.
The material of the mixing tank of the gas mixing device for the hydrogen fuel cell is 316 stainless steel.
The filter material of the gas mixing device for the hydrogen fuel cell is 316 stainless steel, the pore diameter of the filter layer is 2um, and the filter layer is connected with the mixing upper end cover through bolts.
The pressure sensor and the oxygen concentration sensor of the gas mixing device for the hydrogen fuel cell are connected with the upper end cover through threads and are arranged in the drift diameter of the filter for monitoring the pressure and the concentration of mixed gas; the overpressure emptying valve is a mechanical valve and is connected with the upper end cover through threads and used for automatically emptying the mixed gas under overpressure.
The liquid collector of the gas mixing device for the hydrogen fuel cell is made of 316 stainless steel and is connected with the lower end cover through bolts.
The liquid level switch and the electromagnetic valve of the gas mixing device for the hydrogen fuel cell are connected with the liquid collector through threads, the liquid level switch is conducted when the liquid water deposited by the liquid collector is excessive, and the electromagnetic valve is opened to discharge the liquid water.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1, the utility model adopts a multifunctional integrated design, and effectively integrates the functions of mixed gas pressure and concentration monitoring, gas humidification, gas filtration and gas-liquid separation into a movable mixed tank;
2, the utility model adopts a gas rotation mixing technology to lead air, oxygen and tail gas of the fuel cell stack to enter the gas along the tangential direction of the mixing body, thereby realizing humidification, gas-liquid separation and uniform mixing of the gas in the tank;
the system has the advantages of simple structure, low technical difficulty, convenient installation and transportation, low manufacturing and maintenance cost and suitability for large-scale production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principles of the present utility model.
The reference numerals are as follows: 3-1-mixing tank, 1-1-upper end cover, 1-2-tank body, 1-2-1-air inlet, 1-2-2-oxygen inlet, 1-2-3-tail gas inlet, 1-3-lower end cover, 3-2-filter, 3-pressure sensor, 3-4-oxygen concentration sensor, 3-5-overpressure emptying valve, 3-6-liquid collector, 3-7-liquid level switch and 3-8-electromagnetic valve.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which follow.
As shown in FIG. 1, the utility model discloses a gas mixing device for a hydrogen fuel cell, which comprises a mixing tank 3-1, a filter 3-2, a pressure sensor 3-3, an oxygen concentration sensor 3-4, an overpressure evacuation valve 3-5, a liquid collector 3-6, a liquid level switch 3-7 and an electromagnetic valve 3-8. The material of the mixing tank 3-1 is 316 stainless steel, and the mixing tank comprises an upper end cover 1-1, a tank body 1-2 and a lower end cover 1-3 which are sequentially connected through bolts, and is used for gas humidification, gas-liquid separation and uniform mixing. The side wall of one side of the tank body 1-2 is provided with an air inlet channel 1-2-1 and an oxygen inlet channel 1-2-2 along the tangential direction, the side wall of one side is provided with a fuel cell stack tail gas inlet channel 1-2-3 along the tangential direction, the filter 3-2 is made of 316 stainless steel, the micropore diameter of the filter layer is 2um, and the filter layer is connected with the upper end cover 1-1 through bolts and used for filtering mixed gas. The pressure sensor 3-3 and the oxygen concentration sensor 3-4 are connected with the upper end cover 1-1 of the mixing and filling device through threads, are arranged in the path of the filter 3-2 and are used for monitoring the pressure and concentration of the mixed gas. The overpressure evacuation valve 3-5 is a mechanical valve and is connected with the upper end cover 1-1 of the mixing tank through threads for automatically evacuating the mixed gas under overpressure. The liquid collector 3-6 is made of 316 stainless steel and is connected with the lower end cover 1-3 of the mixing tank through bolts. The liquid level switch 3-7 and the electromagnetic valve 3-8 are connected with the liquid collector 3-6 through threads, and the liquid level switch 3-7 feeds back collected signals to the electromagnetic valve 8 to drain liquid water in the liquid collector 3-6.
As shown in fig. 2, the technical principle of the present utility model will be described with reference to the structure of the present utility model as follows:
under the working condition, tail gas, air and oxygen of electrochemical reaction of a cathode of a galvanic pile enter from an air inlet channel in the tangential direction of the mixing tank 3-1, and form a cyclone under the guidance of the inner wall of the tank body 1-2, so that on one hand, the tail gas, the air and the oxygen are uniformly mixed, on the other hand, liquid water in the mixed gas generates centrifugal motion, falls on the inner wall of the tank body 1-2, flows to the bottom of the mixing tank 3-1 under the action of gravity, and gas-water separation is realized.
After the liquid water deposited on the liquid collector 3-6 at the bottom of the mixing tank 3-1 is evaporated and vaporized, the mixed gas is humidified, when the liquid water deposited on the liquid collector 3-6 is excessive, the liquid level switch 3-7 is turned on, the electromagnetic valve 3-8 is opened, and the liquid water is discharged out of the liquid collector 3-6.
The oxygen concentration sensor 3-4 arranged on the upper end cover 1-1 of the mixing and filling is used for monitoring the concentration of the mixed gas, and can feed back a collection signal to the electric valve group on the air and oxygen supply pipeline, when the oxygen concentration is high, the air inflow of the air is increased, the air inflow of the oxygen is reduced, and when the oxygen concentration is low, the air inflow is opposite.
The pressure sensor 3-3 arranged on the upper end cover 1-1 of the mixing tank is used for monitoring the pressure of the mixed gas, the overpressure evacuation valve 3-5 is used for automatically evacuating the mixed gas under overpressure, the filter 3-2 filters out impurities in the mixed gas on one hand, and the liquid water in the mixed gas is subjected to secondary water diversion on the other hand.
Finally, the high-quality mixed gas with certain pressure, humidity, moisture and oxygen concentration is supplied to the cathode of the fuel cell stack.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present utility model and its effectiveness, and some practical embodiments, and variations and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept, which are all within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (4)

1. A gas mixing device for a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized by: including by upper end cover (1-1), jar body (1-2) and lower end cover (1-3) through the cylindrical blending jar (3-1) that the bolt formed of connecting gradually, upper end cover (1-1) inboard be provided with be used for mixing gaseous filterable filter (3-2), upper end cover (1-1) outside has set gradually pressure sensor (3-3), oxygen concentration sensor (3-4) and superpressure evacuation valve (3-5), jar body (1-2) one side wall be provided with air inlet duct (1-2-1) and oxygen inlet duct (1-2-2) along tangential direction, one side wall be provided with tail gas inlet duct (1-2-3) along tangential direction, lower end cover (1-3) on be provided with liquid collector (3-6), liquid collector (3-6) on be provided with liquid level switch (3-7) and solenoid valve (3-8), blending jar (3-1) material be 316 stainless steel, filter (3-2) material be 316 micropore diameter, be that the micropore diameter is 316 is steel, mix end cover (1-1) through being connected with bolt.
2. The gas mixing device for the hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor (3-3) and the oxygen concentration sensor (3-4) are connected with the upper end cover (1-1) through threads and are arranged in the path of the filter (3-2) for monitoring the pressure and concentration of the mixed gas; the overpressure evacuation valve (3-5) is a mechanical valve and is connected with the upper end cover (1-1) through threads for automatically evacuating the mixed gas under overpressure.
3. The gas mixing device for the hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the liquid collector (3-6) is made of 316 stainless steel and is connected with the lower end cover (1-3) through bolts.
4. A gas mixing device for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the liquid level switch (3-7) and the electromagnetic valve (3-8) are connected with the liquid collector (3-6) by screw threads, the liquid level switch (3-7) is turned on when the liquid water deposited in the liquid collector (3-6) is excessive, and the electromagnetic valve (3-8) is opened to discharge the liquid water.
CN201910713990.6A 2019-08-02 2019-08-02 Gas mixing device for hydrogen fuel cell Active CN110492139B (en)

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CN110492139B true CN110492139B (en) 2024-03-12

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113719460B (en) * 2021-08-28 2023-12-26 深圳市深信创联智能科技有限责任公司 Special direct-driven high-speed centrifugal air compression device for low-energy-consumption hydrogen fuel cell

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2536892Y (en) * 2002-02-10 2003-02-19 华东船舶工业学院 Gas mixing feeder
JP2005310557A (en) * 2004-04-21 2005-11-04 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Mixer and fuel cell using it
CN101146598A (en) * 2003-11-07 2008-03-19 丰田自动车株式会社 Gas processing device
KR20110007843A (en) * 2009-07-17 2011-01-25 (주)퓨얼셀 파워 Fuel cull power generation system
CN102035008A (en) * 2010-11-16 2011-04-27 上海恒劲动力科技有限公司 Fuel battery system using vessel-contained oxygen gas as oxidizer and control system thereof
CN203196578U (en) * 2013-04-01 2013-09-18 广州市上腾电子科技有限公司 Mixed gas preparation device
CN203955061U (en) * 2014-07-11 2014-11-26 天津市鹏翔科技有限公司 A kind of efficient mixture buffer system
CN204746001U (en) * 2015-06-24 2015-11-11 杭州翔盛气体设备有限公司 Deareator
CN106642127A (en) * 2016-11-24 2017-05-10 兴化市紫邦燃器具科技有限公司 Mandatory all-over three-dimensional gas mixing chamber
CN210349982U (en) * 2019-08-02 2020-04-17 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所) Gas blending device for hydrogen fuel cell

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2536892Y (en) * 2002-02-10 2003-02-19 华东船舶工业学院 Gas mixing feeder
CN101146598A (en) * 2003-11-07 2008-03-19 丰田自动车株式会社 Gas processing device
JP2005310557A (en) * 2004-04-21 2005-11-04 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Mixer and fuel cell using it
KR20110007843A (en) * 2009-07-17 2011-01-25 (주)퓨얼셀 파워 Fuel cull power generation system
CN102035008A (en) * 2010-11-16 2011-04-27 上海恒劲动力科技有限公司 Fuel battery system using vessel-contained oxygen gas as oxidizer and control system thereof
CN203196578U (en) * 2013-04-01 2013-09-18 广州市上腾电子科技有限公司 Mixed gas preparation device
CN203955061U (en) * 2014-07-11 2014-11-26 天津市鹏翔科技有限公司 A kind of efficient mixture buffer system
CN204746001U (en) * 2015-06-24 2015-11-11 杭州翔盛气体设备有限公司 Deareator
CN106642127A (en) * 2016-11-24 2017-05-10 兴化市紫邦燃器具科技有限公司 Mandatory all-over three-dimensional gas mixing chamber
CN210349982U (en) * 2019-08-02 2020-04-17 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所) Gas blending device for hydrogen fuel cell

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