CN110491668B - Method for winding superconducting coil by using delaminating superconducting strip - Google Patents
Method for winding superconducting coil by using delaminating superconducting strip Download PDFInfo
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- CN110491668B CN110491668B CN201910768043.7A CN201910768043A CN110491668B CN 110491668 B CN110491668 B CN 110491668B CN 201910768043 A CN201910768043 A CN 201910768043A CN 110491668 B CN110491668 B CN 110491668B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
- H01F41/048—Superconductive coils
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
- H01F41/06—Coil winding
- H01F41/061—Winding flat conductive wires or sheets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
- H01F6/06—Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for winding a superconducting coil by using a delaminating superconducting strip, belonging to the technical field of superconducting magnet application. Firstly, carrying out delaminating treatment on the superconducting strip to separate the superconducting layer from the transition layer; and winding the delaminated strip with the superconducting layer on a coil framework to form a coil, and finally fixing, waxing and other post-treatments on the wound superconducting coil. The invention uses the superconducting coil wound by delaminating superconducting strip, which can be used for superconducting current limiter, motor, phase modulator and other superconducting strong current equipment. The superconducting coil is light in weight and small in size, and when the superconducting coil is used for application equipment such as a superconducting current limiter, a motor and a phase modulator, the power density can be effectively improved, the weight is reduced, and the equipment cost is saved. The superconducting coil wound by the method has no oxide transition layer interval between layers of the superconducting coil, so that the heat conductivity is higher, the cooling rate and the operation thermal stability of the magnet are better, and the superconducting coil can normally work in the application process at the temperature of 4-80K.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for winding a superconducting coil by using a delaminating superconducting strip, belonging to the technical field of superconducting magnet application.
Background
The high-temperature superconducting tape has higher critical current and good mechanical property, has wide application prospect in electric power energy equipment with high energy density, and thus is widely concerned at home and abroad. Especially in the application of smart grids. Because the high-temperature superconducting strip has high flux density, the high-temperature superconducting strip can replace a conventional copper wire in high-temperature superconducting strong current equipment such as a high-temperature superconducting current limiter, a motor, a phase modulator and the like to wind a magnet exciting coil or an armature coil of various application equipment. The high-temperature superconducting coil can realize a high magnetic field and has the characteristic of compact structure, so that the air gap flux density can be improved, and the high-temperature superconducting coil has very important application advantages. For example, in a superconducting motor device, the improvement of the air gap flux density reduces the length of a conductor for cutting magnetic flux, so that the ampere-turns of the winding of the motor is reduced, and the inductance is reduced, so that the superconducting motor has the advantages of small volume and light weight.
The second generation high temperature superconducting tape is also called high temperature superconducting coated conductor, is a multi-layer film structure wire, mainly composed of the following parts: protective layer, superconducting layer, transition layer (also called buffer layer), metal substrate. Wherein the metal substrate provides a growth template with biaxial texture for the preparation of the superconducting layer, and improves the mechanical strength and the corrosion resistance of the superconducting wire; the transition layer mainly functions to block diffusion of elements and prevent the superconducting layer from reacting with the substrate. In addition to these four sections, copper may be plated as a reinforcement layer on both sides of the strip, respectively, in order to increase the mechanical properties. The superconducting layer serves as the core of the strip, and the properties and characteristics of the superconducting layer determine the material selection of the metal substrate and the transition layer. The superconducting layer is made of yttrium barium copper oxide or gadolinium barium copper oxide, and the typical critical transition temperature is about 90K.
The second generation high temperature superconducting tapes that have been commercialized at present are tape conductors, and since the mechanical properties of the coated conductor are superior in the length and width directions by using a nickel-based alloy or stainless steel as a base tape, but the adhesion strength in the thickness direction is weak (typically about 20 MPa), and thus delamination is likely to occur. According to the previous research and literature research, after a suitable delamination treatment, the superconducting layer and the transition layer of the superconducting tape may be separated, and the superconducting tape having the superconducting layer side may have a critical current value of 50% to 90% of the original tape.
In high-temperature superconducting current limiters, motors, phase modulators and other high-temperature superconducting strong current equipment, the core component is a superconducting coil. The superconducting coil mainly comprises a coil framework, a superconducting strip, a feed-through structure, a supporting structure and the like, heat insulation between a magnet and the outside is realized by vacuumizing during operation, a cooling medium such as liquid nitrogen and the like can be introduced into the coil through the feed-through structure, the temperature is reduced, the superconducting strip reaches a superconducting state, and a current lead enters the coil through the current lead feed-through member and is welded with the superconducting strip. At present, the thickness of a superconducting tape is generally 0.2 mm-0.5 mm, and the winding amount of a common magnet is generally hundred meters long; in a superconducting magnet of MW-level high-temperature superconducting strong-current equipment, the total thickness of a coil is generally about 10-20 mm, so that the coil has larger mass and volume, needs more space and has lower power density; meanwhile, because the transition layer in the superconducting strip is generally an oxide, the heat conductivity is poor, the cooling time of the coil is long, and the thermal stability of the coil in operation is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for winding a superconducting coil by using a delaminating superconducting strip, so that the manufactured superconducting coil has smaller volume and better heat conductivity and is used for superconducting strong-current equipment such as a superconducting current limiter, a motor, a phase modulator and the like.
The invention provides a method for winding a superconducting coil by using a delaminated superconducting tape, which comprises the following steps:
(1) delaminating the superconducting tape by a physical or chemical method to separate a superconducting layer from a transition layer in the superconducting tape to obtain a delaminated superconducting tape consisting of the superconducting layer and a protective layer;
(2) winding the delaminated superconducting strip in the step (1) on a coil framework to form a superconducting coil primary product, wherein the coil framework is cylindrical, the radius of the cylindrical coil framework is 0.5 cm-100 cm, and the coil framework is made of copper, stainless steel or copper alloy;
(3) and (4) carrying out dipping treatment on the superconducting coil primary product in the step (3) to enable the dipped material to be filled in the gaps of the superconducting coil primary product, so as to obtain the superconducting coil.
In the step (2) of the method, the coil skeleton is made of copper, stainless steel or copper alloy.
In the step (2) of the method, the coil skeleton is cylindrical, and the radius of the cylindrical coil skeleton is 0.5 cm-100 cm.
The method for winding the superconducting coil by using the delaminated superconducting strip has the advantages that:
the invention uses the superconducting coil wound by delaminating superconducting strip, which can be used for superconducting current limiter, motor, phase modulator and other superconducting strong current equipment. The superconducting coil reduces the thickness of the superconducting strip by about half, thereby reducing the quality of the coil and reducing the diameter of the coil, so that when the superconducting coil is used for application equipment such as a superconducting current limiter, a motor, a phase modifier and the like, the power density can be effectively improved, the weight is reduced, and the equipment cost is saved. Compared with the traditional superconducting magnet, the superconducting coil wound by the method has no oxide transition layer interval between the layers, so that the thermal conductivity between the superconducting layers is higher, and the cooling rate and the operation thermal stability of the magnet are better. The superconducting coil wound by the method can normally work at the temperature of 4K-80K in the application process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view showing a structure of a sample of a superconducting tape used in the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single superconducting coil wound from a delaminated superconducting tape according to the method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a plurality of superconducting coils wound by using a delaminated superconducting tape according to the method of the present invention.
In fig. 1 to 3, 101 denotes a superconducting tape, 102 denotes a protective layer, 103 denotes a superconducting layer, 104 denotes a metal substrate, 105 denotes a transition layer, 201 denotes a single coil former, 202 denotes a superconducting coil, 203 denotes a copper terminal, 204 denotes an inner ring, and 205 denotes an outer ring.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for winding a superconducting coil by using a delaminated superconducting tape, which comprises the following steps:
(1) delaminating the superconducting tape by a physical or chemical method to separate a superconducting layer from a transition layer in the superconducting tape to obtain a delaminated superconducting tape consisting of the superconducting layer and a protective layer;
the superconducting tape currently in commercial use is generally a second-generation high-temperature superconducting coated conductor, and is a multilayer film structure, as shown in fig. 1, the superconducting tape 101 mainly comprises the following parts: a protective layer 102, a superconducting layer 103, a transition layer 105, and a metal substrate 104. Wherein the metal substrate provides a growth template with biaxial texture for the preparation of the superconducting layer, and improves the mechanical strength and the corrosion resistance of the superconducting wire; the transition layer mainly functions to block the diffusion of elements and prevent the superconducting layer from reacting with the substrate; meanwhile, a silver protective layer is coated on the surface of the superconducting layer. In addition to these four portions, copper may be plated as reinforcing layers above and below, respectively, in order to increase mechanical properties. The method of the invention is to process the existing superconducting material, and the processing method can adopt the modes of liquid nitrogen low-temperature soaking, electromagnetic induction heating, mechanical splitting and the like to separate the superconducting layer and the transition layer of the superconducting strip. After delamination treatment, the delaminated superconducting tape has critical current under the conditions of liquid nitrogen temperature and self-field, and the critical current of the delaminated superconducting tape is 50-100% of that of the original tape. The step can use a roller-to-roller system to carry out continuous delaminating treatment, and the length of the delaminating superconducting strip is 1-1000 m.
(2) Winding the delaminated superconducting strip in the step (1) on a coil framework to form a superconducting coil primary product, wherein the coil framework is cylindrical, the radius of the cylindrical coil framework is 0.5 cm-100 cm, and the coil framework is made of copper, stainless steel or copper alloy;
(3) and (4) carrying out dipping treatment on the superconducting coil primary product in the step (3) to enable the dipped material to be filled in the gaps of the superconducting coil primary product, so as to obtain the superconducting coil.
In the step (2) of the method, the coil skeleton is made of copper, stainless steel or copper alloy.
In the step (2) of the method, the coil skeleton is cylindrical, and the radius of the cylindrical coil skeleton is 0.5 cm-100 cm.
In the step (1) of the method, the delamination treatment can adopt the modes of liquid nitrogen low-temperature soaking, electromagnetic induction heating, mechanical splitting and the like, so that the superconducting layer and the transition layer of the strip material are separated. Specifically, with the mechanical cleaving method, first, short-distance peeling is performed at the end of the superconducting tape 101 using a tool such as tweezers, so that the superconducting layer 103 and the transition layer 105 come off, as shown at the right end of fig. 2. And then respectively sticking the two stripped samples on two cylindrical rollers, and simultaneously ensuring that the diameter of each cylindrical roller is larger than the critical radius of the superconducting tape 101 so as to prevent the superconducting layer 103 in the superconducting tape 101 from being damaged. The protective layer 103 is attached to the upper cylindrical roller by using double-sided adhesive tape, the metal substrate 104 is attached to the lower cylindrical roller, and then the two cylindrical rollers rotate in opposite directions, so that the subsequent strip material can be delaminated, and the rotating speeds of the upper cylindrical roller and the lower cylindrical roller are kept the same when the rollers are rotated, so that the superconducting layer is prevented from being damaged. Optionally, for the liquid nitrogen low-temperature soaking method, firstly, the 0.01 mm-0.1 mm wide portions on both sides of the superconducting tape 101 are cut off by using tools such as scissors, and then the superconducting tape 101 is placed in a liquid nitrogen low-temperature environment, so that the superconducting layer 103 and the transition layer 105 can be smoothly separated due to the thermal stress concentration phenomenon in the tape cooling process. In addition, an electromagnetic induction heating method can also be selected, in the method, firstly, a part with the width of 0.01mm to 0.1mm on both sides of the superconducting tape 101 is cut off by using tools such as scissors, and then the superconducting tape is subjected to induction heating treatment, and as the phenomenon of thermal stress concentration also exists in the temperature rising process of the tape, the superconducting layer 103 and the transition layer 105 can be smoothly separated. After the delamination treatment, the strip with the superconducting layer has critical current under the conditions of liquid nitrogen temperature and self-field, and the critical current of the strip is 50-100% of the original strip. The continuous delaminating treatment is carried out by using a roller-to-roller system, and the length of the delaminating superconducting strip is 1-1000 m.
In the step (2) of the method, the coil framework can be made of copper, stainless steel, copper alloy and the like; the coil framework is cylindrical, and the radius of the coil framework is 0.5 cm-100 cm; the coil can be wound by adopting a single cake and can also be wound by adopting a plurality of cakes. When the superconducting tape subjected to the delamination treatment is wound on the coil former 201, the former needs to be manufactured in advance. One bobbin 201 can be used as a carrier for winding the superconducting coil 202 to obtain the superconducting coil shown in fig. 2, and a single coil bobbin is suitable for the requirements of smaller magnetic field and smaller wire consumption. A plurality of bobbins 201 may also be stacked, and when stacking is performed, the inner and outer rings are nested with each other, so as to finally form a stacked coil-wound bobbin, and obtain the superconducting coil shown in fig. 3. The stacked coil bobbin is suitable for the requirement of large magnetic field requirement.
When the superconducting tape subjected to delamination treatment is wound around the coil former 201, the superconducting layer may be wound inside or outside. The winding method of the superconducting coil 202 may refer to the winding method of a double pancake coil. For a magnet formed by stacking a plurality of superconducting coils, two coil windings are connected through a copper terminal 203 in a welding mode. In the step S3, an organic material such as epoxy resin may be used for the immersion treatment, and the operating temperature of the superconducting coil during the application process is 4K to 80K.
Claims (1)
1. A method of winding a superconducting coil from a delaminated superconducting tape, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) carrying out delaminating treatment on the superconducting tape by using a physical method, so that a superconducting layer and a transition layer in the superconducting tape are separated, and obtaining a delaminating superconducting tape consisting of the superconducting layer and a protective layer, wherein the delaminating treatment is a liquid nitrogen low-temperature soaking process, namely, parts with the width of 0.01-0.1 mm on two sides of the superconducting tape are firstly cut off, then the superconducting tape is placed in a liquid nitrogen low-temperature environment, and the superconducting layer and the transition layer are smoothly separated due to the thermal stress concentration phenomenon in the tape cooling process; the superconducting tape is a second-generation high-temperature superconducting tape, has a multilayer film structure and consists of a protective layer, a superconducting layer, a transition layer and a metal substrate, copper is plated on two sides of the delaminated superconducting tape to serve as reinforcing layers to enhance the mechanical property of the delaminated superconducting tape, the delaminating treatment adopts a liquid nitrogen low-temperature soaking mode to separate the superconducting layer and the transition layer of the tape and carries out continuous delaminating treatment, the length of the delaminated superconducting tape is 1-1000 m, and after delaminating treatment, the delaminated superconducting tape has critical current under the conditions of liquid nitrogen temperature and self-field, and the critical current is 50-100% of that of the superconducting tape;
(2) winding the delaminating superconducting strip material obtained in the step (1) on a cylindrical coil framework, wherein the radius of the cylindrical coil framework is 0.5-100 cm, so as to form a superconducting coil primary product, the coil framework is made of copper, stainless steel or copper alloy, and the coil is wound by adopting single cakes or multiple cakes;
(3) and (4) carrying out impregnation curing treatment on the superconducting coil primary product obtained in the step (3) by using epoxy resin, so that the impregnating substance is filled in the gaps of the superconducting coil primary product to obtain the superconducting coil, and the working temperature of the obtained superconducting coil in the application process is 4K-80K.
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| JP2007141713A (en) * | 2005-11-21 | 2007-06-07 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Superconducting equipment |
| CN103635978A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-03-12 | 古河电气工业株式会社 | Superconducting wire |
| JP2014110104A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-12 | Fujikura Ltd | Oxide superconductive wire rod, method for producing the same, superconductive coil and superconductive cable |
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| CN100514508C (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2009-07-15 | 北京英纳超导技术有限公司 | Superconductive assembly and its production |
| KR101458513B1 (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2014-11-07 | 주식회사 서남 | Manufacturing method of superconducting wire and superconducting wire made thereby |
| KR101459583B1 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-11-10 | 주식회사 서남 | Superconductor and method for manufacturing the same |
| EP3104377B1 (en) * | 2014-02-05 | 2020-04-29 | Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Superconducting coil |
| CN104157366B (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2017-08-08 | 上海超导科技股份有限公司 | Superconducting tape of interior envelope measurement optical fiber and preparation method thereof, device |
| US10249421B2 (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2019-04-02 | Fujikura Ltd. | Superconducting coil |
| CN106340381B (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2019-03-22 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of production method of high-temperature superconducting maglev train superconducting magnet |
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| CN207149351U (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-03-27 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of new type high temperature superconduction winding |
| CN110111966A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-08-09 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of superconduction circle ring plate magnet based on flux pump excitation, preparation method and applications |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2007141713A (en) * | 2005-11-21 | 2007-06-07 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Superconducting equipment |
| CN103635978A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-03-12 | 古河电气工业株式会社 | Superconducting wire |
| JP2014110104A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-12 | Fujikura Ltd | Oxide superconductive wire rod, method for producing the same, superconductive coil and superconductive cable |
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