CN110486479B - Large-flow three-stage pilot-operated electromagnetic valve - Google Patents
Large-flow three-stage pilot-operated electromagnetic valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN110486479B CN110486479B CN201910802367.8A CN201910802367A CN110486479B CN 110486479 B CN110486479 B CN 110486479B CN 201910802367 A CN201910802367 A CN 201910802367A CN 110486479 B CN110486479 B CN 110486479B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
- F16K1/32—Details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
- F16K1/32—Details
- F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
- F16K1/46—Attachment of sealing rings
- F16K1/465—Attachment of sealing rings to the valve seats
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
- F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
- F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
- F16K31/0644—One-way valve
- F16K31/0655—Lift valves
Abstract
The invention provides a high-flow three-stage pilot-operated solenoid valve, which solves the problems that the existing valve has overlarge pressure load and slow response speed under the conditions of high flow and small flow resistance and can not meet the requirement of system indexes. The high-flow three-stage pilot type electromagnetic valve comprises a first-stage electromagnetic pilot valve, a second-stage pneumatic pilot valve and a third-stage control main valve; the three-level control main valve comprises a main valve body, a main valve core and a main valve spring; the main valve core is arranged in the main valve body in a sealing manner, and two independent air cavities, namely an opening air cavity and a main valve spring mounting cavity, are formed between the main valve body; the main valve body is provided with a medium inlet and a medium outlet; the main valve spring is arranged in the spring mounting cavity and provides closing force for the main valve core, so that the medium inlet is blocked from the medium outlet; the primary electromagnetic pilot valve controls the on-off of the gas circuit of the secondary pneumatic pilot valve through the on-off control, and the secondary pneumatic pilot valve is used for controlling the inflation and the exhaust of the gas opening cavity and providing opening force for the main valve core.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technology of electromagnetic control valves, and particularly relates to a high-flow three-stage pilot type electromagnetic valve which can be used as a high-flow quick response control valve for high-pressure media of a liquid rocket engine, a satellite on-orbit execution power system and a ground test system to realize the on-off and sealing control of a medium passage.
Background
With the transformation and upgrading of aerospace equipment, tactical technical indexes of a power system are continuously improved, the requirement on the response performance level of an engine is increasingly increased, and the technology of a large-flow quick-response control valve becomes a key technology for restricting the improvement of the equipment performance. In a certain liquid spraying system, the development requirements of a large-path quick-response control valve with the flow rate of 5kg/s (the flow resistance requirement is less than 0.3MPa) and the response time of not more than 40ms are provided, and the structural size and the weight are required to be as small as possible; however, the conventional electromagnetic pilot gas control valve mainly adopts a two-stage valve structure scheme, is limited by an electromagnet structure and response speed, and has a small diameter of an air inlet and exhaust channel. The main valve adopts a pneumatic control structure, the initial volume of a control air cavity and the final volume of the control air cavity moving to an opening position are larger due to larger drift diameter and stroke, the electromagnetic pilot valve is limited by an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel after acting, the opening and closing response speed of the main valve core is slower, namely, the problems of overlarge pressure load and slower response speed exist under the conditions of large flow and small flow resistance, and the system index requirements are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects that the existing valve has overlarge pressure load and slow response speed under the conditions of large flow and small flow resistance and cannot meet the requirement of system indexes, and provides a large-flow three-stage pilot-operated electromagnetic valve which is a bidirectional unloading valve structure with uniform unloading when opened and closed, can eliminate the influence of the pressure load, and simultaneously adopts a three-stage valve integrated design structure with a two-stage pilot valve for controlling a one-stage main valve to realize the quick filling and discharging of control gas so as to realize the miniaturization and quick response design of a large-diameter valve.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
a high-flow three-stage pilot-operated solenoid valve is characterized by comprising a primary solenoid pilot valve, a secondary pneumatic pilot valve and a three-stage control main valve;
the three-level control main valve comprises a main valve body, a main valve core and a main valve spring;
the main valve core is arranged in the main valve body in a sealing manner, and two independent air cavities, namely an opening air cavity and a main valve spring mounting cavity, are formed between the main valve body; the air opening cavity can ensure that the control air is completely isolated from the medium; the main valve body is provided with a medium inlet and a medium outlet; the main valve spring is arranged in the spring mounting cavity and provides closing force for the main valve core, so that the medium inlet is blocked from the medium outlet;
the primary electromagnetic pilot valve controls the on-off of the gas circuit of the secondary pneumatic pilot valve through the on-off control, and the secondary pneumatic pilot valve is used for controlling the inflation and the exhaust of the gas opening cavity and providing opening force for the main valve core.
The adoption of the two-stage pilot valve can enlarge the flow area of the air inlet and outlet flow passage (namely enlarge the diameter of the air outlet flow passage), improve the inflation speed and the air outlet speed of the control air, promote the quick filling and pressure building and quick air outlet and pressure relief of the opening cavity of the main valve, accelerate the formation of the opening force and the closing force of the main valve, improve the opening and closing response speed of the three-stage main valve, and realize the quick response design of the large-diameter main valve.
Further, the secondary pneumatic control pilot valve is a two-position three-way valve and comprises a pneumatic control pilot valve body, a pneumatic control pilot valve core and a pneumatic control pilot valve spring;
the pneumatic control pilot valve body is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet and an exhaust port; the air outlet is communicated with the air outlet and an air opening cavity of the three-stage control main valve;
the valve core of the pneumatic control pilot valve is hermetically arranged in the valve body of the pneumatic control pilot valve and forms a control cavity with the valve body of the pneumatic control pilot valve;
the pneumatic control pilot valve spring is positioned between the pneumatic control pilot valve body and the pneumatic control pilot valve core and used for providing closing force for the pneumatic control pilot valve core so that the pneumatic control pilot valve core and the air inlet end form a sealing pair;
the primary electromagnetic pilot valve is used for controlling the inflation and the exhaust of the control cavity and providing opening force for the valve core of the pneumatic pilot valve.
Furthermore, the primary electromagnetic pilot valve is a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve and comprises an electromagnetic pilot valve body, an electromagnetic pilot valve core, an electromagnetic pilot valve spring and a coil;
the electromagnetic pilot valve body is provided with a control gas inlet, a control gas outlet and a control gas exhaust port, wherein the control gas outlet is communicated with a control cavity of the secondary pneumatic pilot valve; a coil is wound in the side wall of the electromagnetic pilot valve body;
the electromagnetic pilot valve core is positioned in the electromagnetic pilot valve body and is matched with the electromagnetic pilot valve body, and an airflow channel for communicating the control gas outlet with the control gas exhaust port is formed on the electromagnetic pilot valve core;
an electromagnetic pilot valve spring is arranged between the end part of the electromagnetic pilot valve spool close to the control gas exhaust port and the electromagnetic pilot valve body to provide closing force for the electromagnetic pilot valve spool so that the electromagnetic pilot valve spool and the control gas inlet end form a sealing pair;
the coil is electrified to provide opening force for the electromagnetic pilot valve core, so that the electromagnetic pilot valve core and the control gas exhaust port end form a sealing pair, control gas enters a control cavity of the secondary pneumatic pilot valve through a control gas outlet, the opening force is provided for the pneumatic pilot valve core, the pneumatic pilot valve core and the exhaust port end form the sealing pair, and further, the control gas enters the pneumatic pilot valve body through a gas inlet (the gas inlet is communicated with a control gas inlet) and enters an opening cavity of the tertiary control main valve through a gas outlet so as to provide opening force for the main valve core; namely, the primary electromagnetic pilot valve adopts a two-position three-way valve driven by coil electromagnetic suction force, and the gas circuit switch and the reversing of the primary electromagnetic pilot valve are controlled by switching on and off; the coil is electrified, electromagnetic suction force is generated between the coil and the electromagnetic pilot valve core, the valve core is driven to be opened, at the moment, the control gas inlet end is opened, and the control gas exhaust port end is closed, so that the function of inflating and building pressure of the control cavity of the secondary pneumatic pilot valve is realized; the coil is powered off, the valve core of the electromagnetic pilot valve is in a closed state under the action of the spring of the electromagnetic pilot valve, and at the moment, the control gas inlet end is closed and the control gas exhaust port end is opened, so that the functions of exhausting and releasing pressure of the gas opening cavity of the control cavity of the secondary pneumatic pilot valve are realized. The secondary pneumatic control pilot valve adopts a two-position three-way valve which is pneumatically controlled, the on-off and reversing of a main gas path of the secondary pneumatic control pilot valve are controlled through the on-off and reversing of the primary electromagnetic pilot valve, the exhaust port end is closed when the air inlet end is opened, and control gas enters the opening cavity of the three-stage control main valve to drive the main valve core to be opened; when the air inlet end is closed, the air outlet end is opened, the air in the air opening cavity of the main valve is controlled by the third level to be discharged and decompressed, and the main valve core is closed under the action force of the main valve spring. The structural design of the first-stage electromagnetic pilot valve and the second-stage pneumatic pilot valve realizes the design of increasing the flow capacity of the pneumatic reversing valve, realizes the amplification of the control gas flow and the flow speed, improves the speed of inflation pressure building, deflation pressure relief of an air cavity of the third-stage control main valve, and accelerates the response speed of opening and closing the third-stage pneumatic main valve.
Furthermore, the main valve core is divided into an upper main valve core section, a middle main valve core section and a lower main valve core section;
the medium inlet is arranged on the side wall of the main valve body corresponding to the middle section of the main valve core, and the arrangement direction of the medium inlet is vertical to the movement direction of the main valve core; the medium outlet is formed in the lower end of the main valve body;
an air opening cavity is arranged below the upper section of the main valve core, and the outer wall of the upper section of the main valve core is matched with the inner wall of the main valve body;
the main valve spring installation cavity is positioned in the middle section of the main valve core, the section of the middle section of the main valve core is in a shape of Chinese character 'shan', and the outer wall of the main valve spring installation cavity is matched with the inner wall of the main valve body; one end of the main valve spring is abutted against the main valve body, and the other end of the main valve spring is abutted against the bottom surface of the main valve spring mounting cavity;
the lower section of the main valve core and the valve body at the medium outlet form a sealing pair; the three-level control main valve is simple and compact in overall structure, and the structural size of the main valve body is effectively controlled.
Furthermore, a pressure guide hole is formed in the bottom surface of the main valve spring installation cavity and used for guiding media into the main valve spring installation cavity.
Furthermore, the main valve has a large flow path, the sealing diameter of the orifice of the main valve body is large, so that the medium force acting on the main valve core is larger, the required closing load of a main valve spring is increased, the structural size is larger, the structural size of the main valve spring and the main valve body is reduced in order to reduce the influence of the medium force, the pressure balance unloading structural design is carried out on the main valve core, sealing rings are arranged between the upper section and the middle section of the main valve core and the main valve body, preferably O-shaped rubber sealing rings are used for carrying out main valve medium sealing, and the sealing diameter of each sealing ring is larger than the sealing diameter of the main valve body; the influence of inlet media on the acting force of the main valve core is partially eliminated in the closing state of the main valve core, and the medium provides proper closing acting force when acting on the main valve core through the sealing area difference between the O-shaped rubber sealing ring and the main valve body, so that the requirement of sealing spring force is reduced. After the main valve core is opened, the medium enters the main valve spring installation cavity on the main valve core through the pressure guide hole at the lower end of the middle section of the main valve core, so that the influence of the medium action on the stress of the main valve core is eliminated, the required spring closing force is reduced, the structural size is reduced, the closing response speed of the main valve core is improved, and the working pressure range of the control main valve is widened.
Further, the secondary pneumatic control pilot valve also comprises an unloading ring;
the exhaust port is positioned at the upper end of the pneumatic control pilot valve body; the unloading ring is positioned at the lower end of the pneumatic control pilot valve body;
the valve core of the pneumatic control pilot valve is divided into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section; an exhaust passage is formed between the upper section and the pneumatic control pilot valve body, and an airflow passage is formed between the middle section and the pneumatic control pilot valve body; the lower section forms the control cavity with the pneumatic control pilot valve body;
the lower section of the valve core of the pneumatic control pilot valve is axially provided with a pneumatic control pilot valve spring installation cavity (namely an inner cavity channel of the valve core), the middle section of the valve core of the pneumatic control pilot valve is circumferentially provided with a plurality of drainage holes communicated with the pneumatic control pilot valve spring installation cavity, and one end of the unloading ring extends into the pneumatic control pilot valve spring installation cavity and is matched with the inner wall of the lower section of the valve core of the pneumatic control pilot valve; one end of the pneumatic control pilot valve spring is abutted against the end face of the unloading ring, and the other end of the pneumatic control pilot valve spring is abutted against the end face of the pneumatic control pilot valve spring installation cavity. The control gas is introduced into the inner cavity channel of the valve core through the drainage holes, and the control gas introduced into the inner cavity of the valve core provides closing force and sealing force for the valve core of the pneumatic control pilot valve through the design of the unloading ring sealing structure, so that the resetting force of the spring of the pneumatic control pilot valve and the structural size are reduced. After the valve core of the pneumatic control pilot valve moves to the opening position, the air inlet end is opened, the air outlet end is closed, and the unloading ring is designed to enable the medium acting force borne by the valve core of the pneumatic control pilot valve to be mutually offset, so that the quick closing of the control cavity of the pneumatic control pilot valve under the action of the spring force after the air is released is facilitated.
Further, in order to improve the sealing force of the secondary pneumatic control pilot valve, sealing rings are arranged between the lower section of the valve core of the pneumatic control pilot valve and the valve body of the pneumatic control pilot valve and between unloading rings, and preferably O-shaped rubber sealing rings are also preferably selected.
Furthermore, an electromagnetic pilot valve spring installation cavity is arranged on the electromagnetic pilot valve body; one end of the electromagnetic pilot valve spring is abutted against the end face, close to the control gas exhaust port, of the electromagnetic pilot valve core, and the other end of the electromagnetic pilot valve spring is abutted against the bottom face of the pilot valve spring mounting cavity, so that the movement of the electromagnetic pilot valve spring is more reliable.
Furthermore, the main valve body, the pneumatic control pilot valve body and the electromagnetic pilot valve body are integrally formed, and the size of a space structure is compressed to the maximum extent through the layout of an internal flow passage (preferably, the design of a three-way vertical layout structure is adopted), so that the miniaturization and light design of the whole structure are further realized.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the primary electromagnetic pilot valve and the secondary pneumatic pilot valve are both used as pilot valves of a three-level control main valve; the primary electromagnetic pilot valve is opened or closed when power is on or off, the secondary pneumatic pilot valve is controlled to be opened or closed, the secondary pneumatic pilot valve controls the third-level control main valve to be opened or closed, the flow capacity of the third-level control main valve is increased after the two-level pilot valve is combined, the flow area of an air inlet and exhaust channel is increased by more than 9 times, the amplification of control air flow and flow speed is realized, the inflation pressure building and deflation pressure release speed of a control cavity of the main valve is increased, the opening and closing response speed of the main valve core is increased, the quick response design of the third-level large-diameter control main valve is guaranteed, the opening and closing response speed of a large-flow engine control valve can be effectively increased through the integral structure design structure, the flow resistance of a system is reduced, and the. The product can be subsequently applied to a high-thrust quick-response rail-controlled engine power system with high maneuvering load requirements, can also be popularized and applied to other carrying and space aircraft power systems, and has wide application prospect.
2. The three-level control main valve adopts a pressure balance unloading structure design (namely, a double-balance structure design), eliminates the influence of inlet pressure on the stress of the main valve core, reduces the spring load force and the structural size requirement of the main valve, and is favorable for the overall structural optimization and miniaturization design of the three-level control main valve. The three-stage pilot-operated electromagnetic valve has obvious advantages in the aspects of realizing quick response control of opening and closing and miniaturization of structural size under the working condition of large flow.
3. The valve core of the pneumatic control pilot valve of the secondary pneumatic control pilot valve is provided with an inner cavity channel and a drainage hole communicated with the inner cavity channel, control gas can be introduced into the inner cavity channel of the valve core, and the control gas introduced into the inner cavity of the valve core provides closing force and sealing force for the valve core of the pneumatic control pilot valve through the structural design of the unloading ring and the O-shaped rubber sealing ring, so that the resetting force of a spring of the pneumatic control pilot valve and the structural size are reduced. After the valve core of the pneumatic control pilot valve moves to the opening position, the air inlet end is opened, the air outlet end is closed, and the unloading ring is designed to enable the medium acting force borne by the valve core of the pneumatic control pilot valve to be mutually offset, so that the quick closing of the control cavity of the pneumatic control pilot valve under the action of the spring force after the air is removed is facilitated.
4. The primary electromagnetic pilot valve adopts a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve with a simple structure, the air outlet of the primary electromagnetic pilot valve is communicated with the control cavity of the secondary air control pilot valve, the reaction is sensitive, the quick inflation and pressure building functions of the control cavity can be realized when the primary electromagnetic pilot valve is electrified, and the quick exhaust and pressure relief functions of the control cavity can be realized when the primary electromagnetic pilot valve is powered off.
5. According to the invention, the main valve body, the pneumatic control pilot valve body and the electromagnetic pilot valve body are integrally formed (namely, the valve body structure design is shared), and the spatial structure size is compressed to the maximum extent through the internal runner layout (preferably adopting a three-way vertical layout structure design), so that the miniaturization and light design of the whole structure is further realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-flow three-stage pilot-operated solenoid valve according to the present invention;
the reference numbers are as follows:
1-a three-level control main valve; 11-main valve body; 12-main spool; 121-main valve element upper section; 122-main spool middle section; 123-lower section of main valve core; 13-a main valve spring; 14-opening the air cavity; 15-pressure guiding hole; 16-main valve spring mounting cavity;
2-a secondary pneumatic control pilot valve; 21-a pneumatically controlled pilot valve body; 22-a pneumatically controlled pilot valve spool; 23-a pneumatically controlled pilot valve spring; 24-a control chamber; 25-an unloading ring; 26-drainage holes;
3-primary electromagnetic pilot valve; 31-a solenoid pilot valve body; 32-electromagnetic pilot valve core; 33-a coil; 34-a solenoid pilot valve spring;
4-sealing ring.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
as shown in fig. 1, a high-flow three-stage pilot-operated solenoid valve includes a primary solenoid pilot valve 3, a secondary pilot valve 2, and a three-stage pilot main valve 1.
The primary electromagnetic pilot valve 3 is a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, and includes an electromagnetic pilot valve body 31, an electromagnetic pilot valve spool 32, an electromagnetic pilot valve spring 34, and a coil 33. The electromagnetic pilot valve body 31 is provided with a control gas inlet, a control gas outlet and a control gas exhaust port, wherein the electromagnetic pilot valve core 32 is positioned in the electromagnetic pilot valve body 31 and is matched with the electromagnetic pilot valve body 31, and the electromagnetic pilot valve core 32 is provided with a gas flow channel for communicating the control gas outlet with the control gas exhaust port; a coil 33 is wound in the side wall of the solenoid pilot valve body 31; an electromagnetic pilot valve spring 34 is arranged between the end part of the electromagnetic pilot valve core 32 close to the control gas exhaust port and the electromagnetic pilot valve body 31 to provide closing force for the electromagnetic pilot valve core 32, so that when the coil 33 is powered off, the electromagnetic pilot valve core 32 and the control gas inlet end form a sealing pair; in order to ensure that the movement of the electromagnetic pilot valve spring 34 is more reliable, an installation cavity of the electromagnetic pilot valve spring 34 is arranged on the electromagnetic pilot valve body 31; one end of the electromagnetic pilot valve spring 34 abuts against the end face of the electromagnetic pilot valve spool 32 close to the control gas exhaust port, and the other end abuts against the bottom face of the pilot valve spring installation cavity.
The secondary pneumatic control pilot valve 2 is a two-position three-way valve and comprises a pneumatic control pilot valve body 21, a pneumatic control pilot valve core 22, an unloading ring 25 and a pneumatic control pilot valve spring 23. The pneumatic control pilot valve core 22 is hermetically arranged in the pneumatic control pilot valve body 21 and is divided into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section; an exhaust passage is formed between the upper section and the pneumatic control pilot valve body 21, and an airflow passage is formed between the middle section and the pneumatic control pilot valve body 21; a control cavity 24 is formed between the lower section and the pneumatic control pilot valve body 21; the pneumatic control pilot valve body 21 is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet and an exhaust port; the exhaust port is positioned at the upper end of the pneumatic control pilot valve body 21; the unloading ring 25 is positioned at the lower end of the pneumatic control pilot valve body 21; a mounting cavity of a pneumatic pilot valve spring 23 (namely an inner cavity channel of the valve core) is axially arranged at the lower section of the pneumatic pilot valve core 22, a plurality of drainage holes 26 communicated with the mounting cavity of the pneumatic pilot valve spring 23 are circumferentially arranged at the middle section of the pneumatic pilot valve core 22, and one end of an unloading ring 25 extends into the mounting cavity of the pneumatic pilot valve spring 23 and is matched with the inner wall of the lower section of the pneumatic pilot valve core 22; the pneumatic control pilot valve spring 23 is positioned in the mounting cavity of the pneumatic control pilot valve spring 23, one end of the pneumatic control pilot valve spring 23 abuts against the end face of the unloading ring 25, and the other end of the pneumatic control pilot valve spring 23 abuts against the end face of the mounting cavity of the pneumatic control pilot valve spring 23, and is used for providing closing force for the pneumatic control pilot valve core 22 so that the pneumatic control pilot valve core 22 and an air inlet end form a sealing pair. In order to improve the sealing force of the secondary pneumatic control pilot valve 2, sealing rings 4 are arranged between the lower section of the valve core 22 of the pneumatic control pilot valve and the valve body 21 of the pneumatic control pilot valve and between unloading rings 25, and preferably O-shaped rubber sealing rings 4 are also arranged. The control gas is introduced into the inner cavity channel of the valve core through the plurality of drainage holes 26, and the control gas introduced into the inner cavity of the valve core provides closing force and sealing force for the valve core 22 of the pneumatic control pilot valve through the sealing structure design of the unloading ring 25, so that the resetting force and the structural size of the pneumatic control pilot valve spring 23 are reduced. After the valve core 22 of the pneumatic control pilot valve moves to the open position, the air inlet end is opened, the air outlet end is closed, and the unloading ring 25 is designed to enable the medium acting force borne by the valve core 22 of the pneumatic control pilot valve to be mutually offset, so that the quick closing of the control cavity 24 of the pneumatic control pilot valve under the action of the spring force after the air is removed is facilitated.
The three-stage control main valve 1 is a pneumatic control main valve and is a high-pressure and high-flow switch control valve, and the valve has the structural characteristics of large drift diameter, large stroke and large side liquid flow interference force during starting or shutdown. It includes a main valve body 11, a main valve spool 12, and a main valve spring 13. Main spool 12 is sealingly disposed within main spool body 11 and is divided into a main spool upper section 121, a main spool middle section 122, and a main spool lower section 123. The main valve body 11 is provided with a medium inlet and a medium outlet. The medium inlet is arranged on the side wall of the main valve body 11 corresponding to the middle section 122 of the main valve core, and the arrangement direction of the medium inlet is vertical to the movement direction of the main valve core 12; the medium outlet is open at the lower end of the main valve body 11. An air opening cavity 14 is arranged below the upper section 121 of the main valve core, and the outer wall of the upper section is matched with the inner wall of the main valve body 11; a main valve spring installation cavity 16 is axially arranged in the main valve core middle section 122, the cross section of the middle section is in a shape of Chinese character shan, and the outer wall of the middle section is matched with the inner wall of the main valve body 11; one end of a main valve spring 13 is abutted against the main valve body 11, and the other end is abutted against the bottom surface of a main valve spring mounting cavity 16, and is used for providing closing force for the main valve core 12 so as to block a medium inlet and a medium outlet; the lower section 123 of the main valve element and the valve body at the medium outlet form a sealing pair. And the bottom surface of the main valve spring mounting cavity 16 is provided with a pressure guiding hole 15 for guiding a medium into the main valve spring mounting cavity 16. Meanwhile, because the main valve circulation path is large, the sealing diameter of the orifice of the main valve body 11 is large, so that the medium force acting on the main valve core 12 is larger, the required main valve spring 13 closing load is increased, the structural size is larger, in order to reduce the medium force influence, the structural sizes of the main valve spring 13 and the main valve body 11 are reduced, the pressure balance unloading structural design is carried out on the main valve core 12, sealing rings 4 are arranged between the upper section and the middle section of the main valve core and the main valve body 11, preferably, an O-shaped rubber sealing ring 4 is used for dynamic sealing to isolate control gas from liquid medium, and the sealing diameter of the sealing ring 4 is larger than the sealing diameter of the main valve body 11; in the closed state of main valve element 12, the influence of inlet medium on the acting force of main valve element 12 is partially eliminated, and the sealing area difference between O-shaped rubber sealing ring 4 and main valve body 11 is utilized to provide proper closing acting force when medium acts on main valve element 12, so that the requirement of sealing spring force is reduced. After main valve element 12 is opened, medium enters main valve spring mounting cavity 16 on main valve element 12 through pressure guide hole 15 at lower end of main valve element middle section 122, influence of medium action on stress of main valve element 12 is eliminated, required spring closing force is reduced, structural size is reduced, closing response speed of main valve element 12 is improved, and working pressure range of main valve is widened. Meanwhile, the main valve element 12 and the main valve body 11 are in a motion matching part by adopting a main guide and auxiliary guide combined structure, the motion matching surface of the main valve element 12 and the main valve body 11 adopts a double-main guide design, the main valve element is positioned at the sealing matching position of the 122O-shaped rubber sealing ring 4 in the middle section of the main valve element, and the guide surfaces of matching parts are all formed in one-step processing, so that the matching performance of double guide can be ensured. In order to avoid the influence of the interference force of the lateral medium, auxiliary guide structures at the upper end and the lower end are added on the main valve assembly structure and are respectively positioned at the middle section and the lower section of a piston rod of the main valve core 12, so that the reliable action of the main valve core 12 is ensured.
The control gas outlet of the first-stage electromagnetic pilot valve 3 is communicated with the control cavity 24 of the second-stage pneumatic pilot valve 2, the gas outlet of the second-stage pneumatic pilot valve 2 is communicated with the gas outlet and the gas opening cavity 14 of the third-stage control main valve 1, the first-stage electromagnetic pilot valve 3 controls the gas path on-off of the second-stage pneumatic pilot valve 2 through the on-off control, opening force is provided for the pneumatic pilot valve core 22, further the inflation and the exhaust of the gas opening cavity 14 of the third-stage control main valve 1 are controlled, and opening force is provided for.
In order to compress the size of the space structure to the maximum extent and further realize the miniaturization and lightweight design of the whole structure, the main valve body 11, the pneumatic control pilot valve body 21 and the electromagnetic pilot valve body 31 are integrally formed and are designed by adopting a three-way vertical layout structure.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the three-stage control valve adopts a structural scheme of a three-stage control valve, consists of a first-stage electromagnetic pilot valve, a second-stage pneumatic pilot valve and a three-stage control main valve, and adopts a structural working principle of opening by ventilation and actuation and closing by removing the pneumatic spring force. The primary electromagnetic pilot valve adopts a two-position three-way valve driven by coil electromagnetic suction force, and the gas circuit switch and the reversing of the primary electromagnetic pilot valve are controlled by switching on and off the power supply. The secondary pneumatic control pilot valve adopts a two-position three-way valve which is pneumatically controlled, the on-off and reversing of the main gas of the secondary pneumatic control pilot valve are controlled through the on-off and reversing of the gas of the primary electromagnetic pilot valve, and the structural design of the primary electromagnetic pilot valve and the secondary pneumatic control pilot valve realizes the design of increasing the flow capacity of the pneumatic control reversing valve, realizes the amplification of the control gas flow and flow speed, and improves the inflation pressure building and deflation speed of a control cavity of the three-level control main valve. The three-level control main valve is a pneumatic control switch valve, the on-off and reversing of gas of the secondary pneumatic control pilot valve are used for controlling the on-off of the three-level control main valve, the volume of an open cavity of the three-level control main valve and the action stroke of the on-off are large, so that the time required by filling and discharging the gas in the open cavity is prolonged, the inflation pressure building, the exhaust pressure relief of the open cavity of the three-level control main valve are accelerated through the diameter amplification design of the gas inlet and exhaust channels of the primary electromagnetic pilot valve and the secondary pneumatic control pilot valve, and the opening and closing response speed of.
In a certain attitude control power system test, the system provides performance index requirements of high flow, low flow resistance and quick response on the ejector control valve, wherein the pressure is 3MPa, the flow is 5kg/s, the flow resistance is less than 0.3MPa, and the response time is not more than 40ms, and the structural size and the weight are required to be as small as possible. The power system adopts the three-level pilot-operated electromagnetic valve structure provided by the invention, and completes the performance detection of air tightness, switching action, pull-in voltage, response time and the like, the test result shows that all the performances meet the requirements, the developed product passes through the test run and the check of the whole machine of the multi-injection system, the control valve works normally, the response is rapid, the sealing is reliable, and the starting speed and the shutdown speed of the injector meet the design target requirements.
Therefore, the three-level pilot-operated electromagnetic valve meets the requirements of the liquid injection system on injection speed, injection flow and multi-injection control, the system demonstration trial run is carried out, and the working performance meets the requirements. The invention can be applied to liquid rocket engines, can be popularized and used in quick response control valves for satellite in-orbit execution systems, ground test systems and other systems, has wide application prospect in high-thrust quick response engine power systems with high effective load requirements and high-flow working condition liquid flow test systems, and has the advantages of large working flow, quick response, reliable action and sealing and the like.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A high-flow three-level pilot-operated electromagnetic valve is characterized in that: comprises a primary electromagnetic pilot valve (3), a secondary air pilot valve (2) and a tertiary control main valve (1);
the three-level control main valve (1) comprises a main valve body (11), a main valve core (12) and a main valve spring (13);
the main valve core (12) is arranged in the main valve body (11), and two independent air cavities, namely an opening air cavity (14) and a main valve spring installation cavity (16), are formed between the main valve body (11); the main valve body (11) is provided with a medium inlet and a medium outlet; the main valve spring (13) is arranged in the spring mounting cavity (16) and provides closing force for the main valve core (12) to block the medium inlet and the medium outlet;
the primary electromagnetic pilot valve (3) controls the on-off of the air path of the secondary pneumatic pilot valve (2) through the on-off control, and the secondary pneumatic pilot valve (2) is used for controlling the inflation and the exhaust of the air opening cavity (14) and providing opening force for the main valve element (12);
the secondary pneumatic control pilot valve (2) is a two-position three-way valve and comprises a pneumatic control pilot valve body (21), a pneumatic control pilot valve core (22) and a pneumatic control pilot valve spring (23);
the pneumatic control pilot valve body (21) is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet and an exhaust port; wherein, the air outlet is communicated with the air outlet and the air opening cavity (14) of the three-level control main valve (1);
the pneumatic control pilot valve core (22) is arranged in the pneumatic control pilot valve body (21) and forms a control cavity (24) with the pneumatic control pilot valve body (21);
the pneumatic control pilot valve spring (23) is positioned between the pneumatic control pilot valve body (21) and the pneumatic control pilot valve core (22) and used for providing closing force for the pneumatic control pilot valve core (22) so that the pneumatic control pilot valve core (22) and an air inlet end form a sealing pair;
the primary electromagnetic pilot valve (3) is used for controlling the inflation and the exhaust of the control cavity (24) and providing opening force for the valve core (22) of the pneumatic pilot valve.
2. The high flow three-stage pilot operated solenoid valve of claim 1, wherein:
the primary electromagnetic pilot valve (3) is a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve and comprises an electromagnetic pilot valve body (31), an electromagnetic pilot valve core (32), an electromagnetic pilot valve spring (34) and a coil (33);
a control gas inlet, a control gas outlet and a control gas exhaust port are arranged on the electromagnetic pilot valve body (31), wherein the control gas outlet is communicated with the control cavity (24) of the secondary pneumatic pilot valve (2); a coil (33) is wound in the side wall of the electromagnetic pilot valve body (31);
the electromagnetic pilot valve core (32) is positioned in the electromagnetic pilot valve body (31) and is matched with the electromagnetic pilot valve body (31), and an air flow channel for communicating a control air outlet and a control air exhaust port is formed in the electromagnetic pilot valve core (32);
an electromagnetic pilot valve spring (34) is arranged between the end part of the electromagnetic pilot valve core (32) close to the control gas exhaust port and the electromagnetic pilot valve body (31) to provide closing force for the electromagnetic pilot valve core (32), so that the electromagnetic pilot valve core (32) and the control gas inlet end form a sealing pair;
the coil (33) is electrified to provide opening force for the electromagnetic pilot valve core (32), so that a sealing pair is formed between the electromagnetic pilot valve core (32) and the exhaust port of the control gas, the control gas enters the control cavity (24) of the secondary pneumatic pilot valve (2) through the control gas outlet, the opening force is provided for the pneumatic pilot valve core (22), the sealing pair is formed between the pneumatic pilot valve core (22) and the exhaust port, and further the control gas enters the pneumatic pilot valve body (21) through the gas inlet and enters the opening cavity (14) of the tertiary control main valve (1) through the gas outlet, and the opening force is provided for the main valve core (12).
3. The high flow three-stage pilot operated solenoid valve of claim 2, wherein:
the main valve core (12) is divided into a main valve core upper section (121), a main valve core middle section (122) and a main valve core lower section (123);
the medium inlet is arranged on the side wall of the main valve body (11) corresponding to the middle section (122) of the main valve core, and the arrangement direction of the medium inlet is vertical to the movement direction of the main valve core (12); the medium outlet is arranged at the lower end of the main valve body (11);
an air opening cavity (14) is arranged below the upper section (121) of the main valve core, and the outer wall of the upper section of the main valve core is matched with the inner wall of the main valve body (11);
the main valve spring installation cavity (16) is positioned in the middle section (122) of the main valve core, the section of the middle section of the main valve core is in a shape of Chinese character 'shan', and the outer wall of the main valve spring installation cavity is matched with the inner wall of the main valve body (11); one end of the main valve spring (13) is abutted against the main valve body (11), and the other end of the main valve spring is abutted against the bottom surface of the main valve spring mounting cavity (16);
the lower section (123) of the main valve core and the valve body at the medium outlet form a sealing pair.
4. The high flow three-stage pilot operated solenoid valve of claim 3, wherein:
and the bottom surface of the main valve spring mounting cavity is provided with a pressure guide hole (15) for guiding a medium into the main valve spring mounting cavity (16).
5. The high flow three-stage pilot operated solenoid valve of claim 4, wherein:
sealing rings (4) are arranged between the main valve element upper section (121) and the main valve element middle section (122) and the main valve body (11), and the sealing diameter of each sealing ring (4) is larger than that of the main valve body (11).
6. The high flow three-stage pilot operated solenoid valve of claim 5, wherein:
the secondary pneumatic control pilot valve (2) also comprises an unloading ring (25);
the exhaust port is positioned at the upper end of the pneumatic control pilot valve body (21); the unloading ring (25) is positioned at the lower end of the pneumatic control pilot valve body (21);
the pneumatic control pilot valve core (22) is divided into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section; an exhaust channel is formed between the upper section and the pneumatic control pilot valve body (21), an airflow channel is formed between the middle section and the pneumatic control pilot valve body (21), and the control cavity (24) is formed between the lower section and the pneumatic control pilot valve body (21);
a pneumatic control pilot valve spring installation cavity is axially arranged at the lower section of the pneumatic control pilot valve core (22), and a plurality of drainage holes (26) communicated with the pneumatic control pilot valve spring installation cavity are circumferentially arranged at the middle section of the pneumatic control pilot valve core (22);
one end of the unloading ring (25) extends into the pneumatic control pilot valve spring installation cavity and is matched with the inner wall of the lower section of the pneumatic control pilot valve core (22); one end of the pneumatic control pilot valve spring (23) abuts against the end face of the unloading ring (25), and the other end of the pneumatic control pilot valve spring abuts against the end face of the pneumatic control pilot valve spring installation cavity.
7. The high flow three-stage pilot operated solenoid valve of claim 6, wherein:
and sealing rings (4) are arranged between the lower section of the valve core (22) of the pneumatic control pilot valve and the valve body (21) of the pneumatic control pilot valve and between the unloading rings (25).
8. The high flow three-stage pilot operated solenoid valve of claim 7, wherein:
an electromagnetic pilot valve spring (34) installation cavity is arranged on the electromagnetic pilot valve body (31); one end of the electromagnetic pilot valve spring (34) is abutted against the end face, close to the control gas exhaust port, of the electromagnetic pilot valve core (32), and the other end of the electromagnetic pilot valve spring is abutted against the bottom face of the electromagnetic pilot valve spring installation cavity.
9. The high flow three-stage pilot operated solenoid valve of claim 8, wherein:
the main valve body (11), the pneumatic control pilot valve body (21) and the electromagnetic pilot valve body (31) are integrally formed.
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| CN201910802367.8A CN110486479B (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Large-flow three-stage pilot-operated electromagnetic valve |
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| CN111022402B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-09-17 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | Electromagnetic valve for starting helicopter APU |
| CN113757388A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-07 | 安徽华东光电技术研究所有限公司 | Pilot-operated high-pressure self-locking valve |
| CN115559830B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-09-26 | 蓝箭航天空间科技股份有限公司 | Electromagnetic pilot control valve |
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