CN110483913A - 一种隔音保温墙体装饰材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种隔音保温墙体装饰材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110483913A
CN110483913A CN201910763534.2A CN201910763534A CN110483913A CN 110483913 A CN110483913 A CN 110483913A CN 201910763534 A CN201910763534 A CN 201910763534A CN 110483913 A CN110483913 A CN 110483913A
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parts
sound
ornament materials
insulating layer
pvc
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杨勇成
郭聿鲲
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Sichuan Jinlu High-Tech Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种隔音保温墙体装饰材料及其制备方法，涉及墙体装饰领域，包括装饰层、胶黏剂层和隔音保温层，所述隔音保温层的成分配比为(按重量分计)：PVC粉50～80份；乙烯‑醋酸乙烯共聚物20～40份、丁晴橡胶15～20份、ACR改性剂20～50份；热稳定剂3～5份；发泡剂5～10份；增塑剂40～80份；氧化锑阻燃剂1～8份；防霉剂0.1～3份；苏打粉50～100份。通过与乙烯‑醋酸乙烯共聚物和丁晴橡胶共同改性，可以提高PVC的弹性；将苏打粉加入到隔音保温层中，使隔音保温层材质为多孔隙材质，其可以有效对声音吸附作用，可以起到较好的隔音作用；同时阻燃剂的加入，可以进一步增加装饰材料的阻燃性。

Description

一种隔音保温墙体装饰材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及墙体装饰领域，尤其是一种隔音保温墙体装饰材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
PVC可分为软PVC和硬PVC。其中硬PVC大约占市场的2/3，软PVC占1/3。软PVC一般用于地板、天花板以及皮革的表层，但由于软PVC中含有柔软剂(这也是软PVC与硬PVC的区别)，容易变脆，不易保存，所以其使用范围受到了局限。硬PVC不含柔软剂，因此柔韧性好，易成型，不易脆，无毒无污染，保存时间长，因此具有很大的开发应用价值。PVC的本质是一种真空吸塑膜，用于各类面板的表层包装，所以又被称为装饰膜、附胶膜，应用于建材、包装、医药等诸多行业。其中建材行业占的比重最大，为60％，其次是包装行业，还有其他若干小范围应用的行业。
随着社会的发展和生活水平的提高，人们对生活的质量要求越来越高，特别是对于家居、办公环境的要求也越来越高。然而，由于社会的发展，各种机械设备的创造和使用，给人类带来了繁荣和进步，但同时也产生了越来越多而且越来越强的噪声。噪音给人们的生活、学习、工作带来了不必要的困扰，而且噪声不但会对听力造成损伤，还能诱发多种致癌致命的疾病。怎样改善家居或者办公环境以减轻噪音对人们生活和健康的影响，是目前亟需解决的问题。
中国专利201110296954.8，公开了一种柔性内墙保温装饰材料，由柔性内装饰层、胶粘剂层以及柔性发泡绝热层三层构成，本发明还提供了一种生产此柔性内墙保温装饰材料的方法。但其进能解决墙体装饰材料保温的问题，其需要对材质进行打孔，不能自动生成空隙，生成较为麻烦。
在现有技术中，也存在隔音棉等隔音材质，来隔绝噪音或消除噪音，但效果不明显，需要占用较多的空间面积才能达到隔音效果，或者其具有易燃性，存在较大的危险。
发明内容
本发明的发明目的在于：针对上述存在的问题，提供一种隔音保温墙体装饰材料及其制备方法，将PVC应用在墙体装饰材料中，并通过对PVC进行改性，增加其保温性、弹性和对声音的吸附力，起到保温和降噪的作用。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种隔音保温墙体装饰材料，其特征在于，包括装饰层、胶黏剂层和隔音保温层，所述隔音保温层的成分配比为(按重量分计)：PVC粉50～80份；乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物20～40份、丁晴橡胶15～20份、ACR改性剂20～50份；热稳定剂3～5份；发泡剂5～10份；增塑剂40～80份；氧化锑阻燃剂1～8份；防霉剂0.1～3份；苏打粉50～100份。
进一步的，所述隔音保温层的成分配比为(按重量分计)：PVC粉65份；乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物30份、丁晴橡胶18份、ACR改性剂32份；热稳定剂3.5份；发泡剂7份；增塑剂42份；氧化锑阻燃剂4份；防霉剂1.5份；苏打粉70份。
由于采用上述技术方案，可利用PVC的可塑性强，通过与乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物和丁晴橡胶共同改性，可以提高PVC的弹性；将苏打粉加入到隔音保温层中，使隔音保温层材质为多孔隙材质，其可以有效对声音吸附作用，可以起到较好的隔音作用；同时阻燃剂的加入，可以进一步增加装饰材料的阻燃性。
隔音保温层材料主要性能应满足：
表观密度：≤0.76kg/m3；
燃烧性能：B1级；
导热系数：-20℃≤0.034w/(m.k)；
0℃≤0.036w/(m.k)；
40℃≤0.041w/(m.k)；
透湿性能：透湿系数≤1.3×10-10g/(m.s.pn)；
湿阻因子≧1.5×103；
真空吸水率：≤10％；
尺寸稳定性：95℃±5℃，7d≤10％；
压缩回弹率：压缩率50％，72h﹥70％；
抗老化性：150h，轻微起皱、无裂纹；
隔音效果：满足GB/50118-2010；
有害物质限量：满足GB18585-2001。
进一步的，所述隔音保温层密度为0.64～0.76kg/m2。
进一步的，所述隔音保温层的厚度为10～15mm。
进一步的，所述胶粘剂为柔性丙烯酸胶粘剂、水性醋酸/丙烯酸胶粘剂、聚氨酯胶粘剂或橡胶粘结剂。
不能使用硬质胶粘剂，否则在弯曲面施工时，会造成胶黏剂层的断裂，影响产品质量。也不能使用可水溶或可降解胶黏剂，如淀粉类，否则，会导致粘结层强度下降。
一种隔音保温墙体装饰材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述隔音保温层的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、并按质量比将ACR改性剂：无水乙醇：水＝1：2：1的比例配制ACR改性剂稀释液；
步骤二、PVC粉、乙烯—醋酸乙烯共聚物和与步骤一配制的ACR改性剂稀释液在高速搅拌机中混合均匀，对PVC进行改性，制备改性PVC；
步骤三、制备的改性PVC与苏打粉、丁晴橡胶、增塑剂、热稳定剂、发泡剂、氧化锑阻燃剂和防霉剂混合均匀，在80℃条件下使增塑剂完全吸收，出料；
步骤四、双辊混炼机混炼，然后在半自动压力成型机上，压力下压制定型，制得隔音保温层。
进一步的，所述步骤一的混合速度1200～1500r/min，温度为80～85℃，改性时间为250～300s。
进一步的，所述步骤四中辊温为205℃±5℃条件下，混炼时间为5～10min。
进一步的，压制机的压力强度为12～15MPa。
综上所述，由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明通过对PVC进行改性，增加其弹性和空隙大小及数量，降低其密度使其具有良好的保温、阻燃性能优异。
2、本发明所述柔性内墙保温装饰材料极易改变形状，可以很方便地用来装饰平面、曲面以及多边等异形墙体、立柱、各式造型，不造成装饰图案的分割，装饰效果好。
3、本发明生产能耗低、效益好、施工简单、市场大、集保温、防潮、防霉、隔音、装饰为一体，是墙体减排节能的重大突破，特别适合旧房的节能改造。
具体实施方式
本说明书中公开的所有特征，或公开的所有方法或过程中的步骤，除了互相排斥的特征和/或步骤以外，均可以以任何方式组合。
本说明书(包括任何附加权利要求、摘要)中公开的任一特征，除非特别叙述，均可被其他等效或具有类似目的的替代特征加以替换。即，除非特别叙述，每个特征只是一系列等效或类似特征中的一个例子而已。
实施例1
一种隔音保温墙体装饰材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述隔音保温层的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、并按质量份将ACR改性剂20份：无水乙醇40份：水20份混合，配制ACR改性剂稀释液；
步骤二、PVC粉50份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物20份和与步骤一配制的ACR改性剂稀释液在高速搅拌机中混合均匀，搅拌速度为1200r/min，温度为82℃，改性时间为250s，对PVC进行改性，制备改性PVC；
步骤三、制备的改性PVC与苏打粉50份、丁晴橡胶15份、增塑剂40、热稳定剂3份、发泡剂5份、氧化锑阻燃剂1份和防霉剂0.1份混合均匀，在80℃条件下使增塑剂完全吸收，出料；
步骤四、双辊混炼机混炼205℃左右的条件下，混炼时间为5min，然后在半自动压力成型机上，在12MPa的压力下压制定型，制得隔音保温层。
实施例2
一种隔音保温墙体装饰材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述隔音保温层的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、并按质量份将ACR改性剂32份：无水乙醇64份：水32份混合，配制ACR改性剂稀释液；
步骤二、PVC粉65份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物30份和与步骤一配制的ACR改性剂稀释液在高速搅拌机中混合均匀，搅拌速度为1350r/min，温度为80℃，改性时间为300s，对PVC进行改性，制备改性PVC；
步骤三、制备的改性PVC与苏打粉70份、丁晴橡胶18份、增塑剂42、热稳定剂7份、发泡剂5份、氧化锑阻燃剂4份和防霉剂1.5份混合均匀，在80℃条件下使增塑剂完全吸收，出料；
步骤四、双辊混炼机混炼205℃左右的条件下，混炼时间为8min，然后在半自动压力成型机上，在13.5MPa的压力下压制定型，制得隔音保温层。
实施例3
一种隔音保温墙体装饰材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述隔音保温层的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、并按质量份将ACR改性剂50份：无水乙醇100份：水50份混合，配制ACR改性剂稀释液；
步骤二、PVC粉80份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物40份和与步骤一配制的ACR改性剂稀释液在高速搅拌机中混合均匀，搅拌速度为1500r/min，温度为85℃，改性时间为280s，对PVC进行改性，制备改性PVC；
步骤三、制备的改性PVC与苏打粉100份、丁晴橡胶20份、增塑剂80、热稳定剂5份、发泡剂10份、氧化锑阻燃剂8份和防霉剂3份混合均匀，在80℃条件下使增塑剂完全吸收，出料；
步骤四、双辊混炼机混炼205℃左右的条件下，混炼时间为10min，然后在半自动压力成型机上，在15MPa的压力下压制定型，制得隔音保温层。
本发明并不局限于前述的具体实施方式。本发明扩展到任何在本说明书中披露的新特征或任何新的组合，以及披露的任一新的方法或过程的步骤或任何新的组合。

Claims (9)

1.一种隔音保温墙体装饰材料，其特征在于，包括装饰层、胶黏剂层和隔音保温层，所述隔音保温层的成分配比为(按重量分计)：PVC粉50～80份；乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物20～40份、丁晴橡胶15～20份、ACR改性剂20～50份；热稳定剂3～5份；发泡剂5～10份；增塑剂10～80份；氧化锑阻燃剂1～8份；防霉剂0.1～3份；苏打粉50～100份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的隔音保温墙体装饰材料，其特征在于，所述隔音保温层的成分配比为(按重量分计)：PVC粉65份；乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物30份、丁晴橡胶18份、ACR改性剂32份；热稳定剂3.5份；发泡剂7份；增塑剂42份；氧化锑阻燃剂4份；防霉剂1.5份；苏打粉70份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的隔音保温墙体装饰材料，其特征在于，所述隔音保温层密度为0.64～0.76kg/m3。
4.根据权利要求1所述的隔音保温墙体装饰材料，其特征在于，所述隔音保温层的厚度为10～15mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的隔音保温墙体装饰材料，其特征在于，所述胶粘剂为柔性丙烯酸胶粘剂、水性醋酸/丙烯酸胶粘剂、聚氨酯胶粘剂或橡胶粘结剂。
6.根据权利要求1～3任意一项所述的隔音保温墙体装饰材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述隔音保温层的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、并按质量比将ACR改性剂：无水乙醇：水＝1：2：1的比例配制ACR改性剂稀释液；
步骤二、PVC粉、乙烯—醋酸乙烯共聚物和与步骤一配制的ACR改性剂稀释液在高速搅拌机中混合均匀，对PVC进行改性，制备改性PVC；
步骤三、制备的改性PVC与苏打粉、丁晴橡胶、增塑剂、热稳定剂、发泡剂、氧化锑阻燃剂和防霉剂混合均匀，在80℃条件下使增塑剂完全吸收，出料；
步骤四、双辊混炼机混炼，然后在半自动压力成型机上，压力下压制定型，制得隔音保温层。
7.根据权利要求4所述的隔音保温墙体装饰材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤一的混合速度1200～1500r/min，温度为80～85℃，改性时间为250～300s。
8.根据权利要求4所述的隔音保温墙体装饰材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤四中辊温为205℃±5℃条件下，混炼时间为5～10min。
9.根据权利要求4所述的隔音保温墙体装饰材料的制备方法，其特征在于，压制机的压力强度为12～15MPa。
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