CN110483828A - A kind of foaming agent, polyurethane foamed composite object, polyurethane foam and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of foaming agent, polyurethane foamed composite object, polyurethane foam and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110483828A CN110483828A CN201910827094.2A CN201910827094A CN110483828A CN 110483828 A CN110483828 A CN 110483828A CN 201910827094 A CN201910827094 A CN 201910827094A CN 110483828 A CN110483828 A CN 110483828A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- polyol
- foam
- foaming agent
- polyurethane
- foaming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 24
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical class CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 170
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 158
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 158
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 92
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 hydroxyl compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007519 polyprotic acids Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- OTOLFQXGRCJFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-hydroxypropyl(trimethyl)azanium;formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O.CC(O)C[N+](C)(C)C OTOLFQXGRCJFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethyldiethylenetriamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)CCN(C)C UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diaminotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1N VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 10
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 33
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- AQZABFSNDJQNDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,2-bis(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-1-n,1-n,1-n',1-n'-tetramethylethane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)C(N(C)C)COCC(N(C)C)N(C)C AQZABFSNDJQNDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIWQSPITLQVMSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethylimidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1C GIWQSPITLQVMSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NOGFHTGYPKWWRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-tetramethyloxan-4-one Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O1 NOGFHTGYPKWWRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001295727 Amsonia tabernaemontana Species 0.000 description 1
- GSCCALZHGUWNJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Cyclohexyl-N-methylcyclohexanamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N(C)C1CCCCC1 GSCCALZHGUWNJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYCAEIXHUXBNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetyl] 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetate Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1CC(=O)OC(=O)CC1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 KYCAEIXHUXBNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013518 molded foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- TXXWBTOATXBWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCCCCN(C)C TXXWBTOATXBWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXPJBVRYAHYMNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-2-[2-(methylamino)ethoxy]ethanamine Chemical compound CNCCOCCNC VXPJBVRYAHYMNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4205—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups
- C08G18/4208—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups containing aromatic groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4829—Polyethers containing at least three hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/487—Polyethers containing cyclic groups
- C08G18/4883—Polyethers containing cyclic groups containing cyclic groups having at least one oxygen atom in the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/50—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/5021—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2101/00—Manufacture of cellular products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/20—Ternary blends of expanding agents
- C08J2203/202—Ternary blends of expanding agents of physical blowing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of foaming agent, polyurethane foamed composite object, polyurethane foam and its preparation method and application, it is related to heat preservation technology field, to improve foam filling mobility, so that polyurethane foam has lower moulding core density and shorter demoulding time, and improve the mechanical property of polyurethane foam.The foaming agent includes low-boiling foaming agent and pentane class foaming agent, and the boiling point of the low-boiling foaming agent is less than the boiling point of the pentane class foaming agent；The low-boiling foaming agent is the alkane that carbon atom number is less than or equal to 4.The polyurethane foamed composite object includes above-mentioned foaming agent.Foaming agent provided by the invention is used for heat-preserving equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat preservation, and particularly relates to a foaming agent composition, a polyurethane foaming composition, polyurethane foam, and preparation methods and applications thereof.
Background
At present, rigid polyurethane foam is generally used as a heat insulation material for household appliances with heat insulation functions such as refrigerators, freezers, water heaters and the like, so that the rigid polyurethane foam is utilized to ensure the normal use of the household appliances such as refrigerators, freezers, water heaters and the like.
The existing rigid polyurethane foam uses various foaming agents, such as pentane foaming agent. The pentane foaming agent has good environmental protection property and low cost. However, the pentane foaming agent has a relatively high packing density in a foaming system, so that the foaming quality of the rigid polyurethane foam can be ensured. In addition, the higher the filling density of the pentane foaming agent in the foaming system, the higher the density of the moulding core of the rigid polyurethane foam, and the higher the density of the moulding core of the rigid polyurethane foam, the longer the demoulding time of the rigid polyurethane foam. Although addition of isopentane to a pentane blowing agent can reduce the core density of a rigid polyurethane foam to some extent, the core density reduction of a rigid polyurethane foam is limited, and therefore, when a pentane blowing agent is used for a rigid polyurethane foam, both the density and the demold time of the rigid polyurethane foam are limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a foaming agent composition, a polyurethane foaming composition, a polyurethane foam, a preparation method and application thereof, so as to improve foaming filling fluidity, enable the polyurethane foam to have lower molding core density and shorter demolding time, and improve the mechanical property of the polyurethane foam.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a blowing agent composition. The foaming agent composition comprises a low-boiling point foaming agent and a pentane foaming agent, wherein the boiling point of the low-boiling point foaming agent is less than that of the pentane foaming agent; the low-boiling-point foaming agent is alkane with the carbon number less than or equal to 4.
Compared with the prior art, the foaming agent composition provided by the invention not only contains the pentane foaming agent, but also contains the low-boiling-point foaming agent, and the boiling point of the low-boiling-point foaming agent is less than that of the pentane foaming agent, so that the pressure in a cell can be increased by utilizing the characteristics of low boiling point and high vapor pressure of the low-boiling-point foaming agent component, the shrinkage deformation resistance of the foam is improved, the polyurethane foam has good mechanical property and lower molding core density, the foaming fluidity can be improved, and the foam can be filled more quickly. Therefore, when the foaming agent composition provided by the invention is applied to polyurethane foam foaming, the foaming filling fluidity can be effectively improved, so that the polyurethane foam has lower moulding core density and demoulding time, and the mechanical property of the polyurethane foam is improved.
Moreover, in the foaming agent composition provided by the invention, the low-boiling-point foaming agent is alkane with the carbon atom number less than or equal to 4, so that the foaming agent composition formed by the low-boiling-point foaming agent has good environmental protection performance on the basis of good compatibility of the low-boiling-point foaming agent and a pentane foaming agent, and therefore, the foaming agent composition provided by the invention not only has good foaming uniformity, but also has good environmental protection performance.
The invention also provides a polyurethane foaming composition. The polyurethane foaming composition comprises the foaming agent composition.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the polyurethane foaming composition provided by the invention are the same as those of the foaming composition, and are not repeated herein.
The invention also provides polyurethane foam. The polyurethane foam is prepared from the polyurethane foaming composition.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the polyurethane foam provided by the invention are the same as those of the foaming agent composition, and are not repeated herein.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the polyurethane foam. The preparation method of the polyurethane foam comprises the following steps:
the polyurethane foam is prepared from a polyurethane foam composition.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the polyurethane foam provided by the invention has the same beneficial effects as those of the foaming agent composition, and is not repeated herein.
The invention also provides application of the polyurethane foam in heat insulation materials or heat insulation equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the application provided by the invention has the same beneficial effects as the foaming agent composition,
the invention also provides the polyurethane foam prepared by the preparation method of the polyurethane foam.
Compared with the prior art, the application provided by the invention has the same beneficial effects as the foaming agent composition, and the detailed description is omitted.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the preparation of a polyurethane foam according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides heat preservation equipment. The heat preservation equipment can be applied to equipment needing heat preservation, such as refrigerators, freezers, water heaters, containers, cold chain heat preservation equipment and the like. The heat-insulating material contained in the heat-insulating equipment at least comprises polyurethane foam, so that the heat-insulating material has lower moulding core density and good heat-insulating property.
The embodiment of the invention provides a foaming agent composition. The blowing agent composition comprises a low boiling point blowing agent and a pentane blowing agent. The boiling point of the low-boiling-point foaming agent is less than that of a pentane foaming agent; the low-boiling-point foaming agent is alkane with the carbon number less than or equal to 4.
When the foaming agent composition is applied to preparation of polyurethane foam, the foaming agent composition, the polyol and other auxiliary materials can be mixed together to form a mixture; and then respectively spraying the polyisocyanate and the mixture by using a high-pressure gun to realize mixed foaming, thereby obtaining the polyurethane foam. It is to be understood that the polyurethane foam is a rigid polyurethane foam; the equipment, process parameters and the like used in the preparation process of the polyurethane foam can be set according to actual conditions, and are not further limited herein.
For example: the packing density of the pentane foaming agent in the prior polyurethane foam is more than or equal to 31.5kg/m3In the prior art, the foaming quality of the polyurethane foam can be ensured, and the filling density of the pentane foaming agent in a foaming system is related to the demolding time, so that the demolding time of the polyurethane foam using the existing pentane foaming agent as the foaming agent is longer. Another example is: domestic manufacturers adopt a vacuum pressure reduction foaming process and use a cyclopentane foaming agent as a foaming agent, so that the filling density of a pentane foaming agent composition in polyurethane foam is reduced to 32kg/m3At this time, the demolding time of 300L of polyurethane foam was 180s, but the equipment investment and maintenance cost were high at one time, and the process operability was also high.
When the foaming agent composition provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for foaming polyurethane foam, the demoulding time of 300L of polyurethane foam is shortened by 20-30% compared with the demoulding time of the existing polyurethane foam, and the production efficiency of the polyurethane foam can be effectively improved. Further, the density of the packing density (also referred to as the molded core density) of the blowing agent composition in the polyurethane foam is not more than 30.5kg/m3The polyurethane foam has a thermal conductivity at 10 ℃ of 19.5 mW/(m.k) or less. Through comparison findingThe filling density of the foaming agent composition provided by the embodiment of the invention in a foaming system is reduced by more than 5% compared with the filling density of the existing pentane foaming agent in the foaming system.
Therefore, the foaming agent composition provided by the embodiment of the invention not only contains the pentane foaming agent, but also contains the low-boiling-point foaming agent, and the boiling point of the low-boiling-point foaming agent is smaller than that of the pentane foaming agent, so that the pressure in the cell can be increased by utilizing the characteristics of low boiling point and high vapor pressure of the low-boiling-point foaming agent component, the shrinkage deformation resistance of the foam is improved, the polyurethane foam has good mechanical property and lower molding core density, the good flowability of a polyurethane foaming system can be increased, the foam can be filled more quickly, and the uniform distribution of the polyurethane foam density is ensured. Therefore, when the foaming agent composition provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to polyurethane foam foaming, the foaming filling fluidity can be effectively improved, so that the polyurethane foam has lower moulding core density and demoulding time (the demoulding efficiency is improved), the mechanical property of the polyurethane foam is improved, the foaming cost of the polyurethane foam is effectively reduced, and the good economy is realized. It will be appreciated that when the molded core density of the polyurethane foam is relatively low, the polyurethane foam also has good resilience and pressure resistance properties, so that the polyurethane foam has good dimensional stability and resistance to shrinkage deformation with good thermal insulation properties and a relatively low molded core density.
Moreover, in the foaming agent composition provided by the embodiment of the invention, the low-boiling point foaming agent is alkane with the carbon atom number less than or equal to 4, the Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) of the alkane with the carbon atom number less than or equal to 4 is 0, and the Global Warming Potential (GWP) is less than 15, so that the foaming agent composition provided by the embodiment of the invention is environment-friendly and environment-friendly, meets the requirements of China and abroad and the future on the foaming agent composition, and has wide application prospect. When the foaming agent composition is applied to polyurethane foam, the Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) of the polyurethane foam is 0, the Global Warming Potential (GWP) is small, and the foaming agent composition can be widely applied to various countries and is not limited by environmental protection regulations at home and abroad. Meanwhile, the low-boiling-point foaming agent is alkane with the carbon atom number less than or equal to 4, so that the formed foaming agent composition has good environmental protection performance on the basis of good compatibility with pentane foaming agents, and therefore, the foaming agent composition provided by the embodiment of the invention has good foaming uniformity and good environmental protection performance.
In some possible implementations, the mass fraction of the pentane blowing agent should be greater than the mass fraction of the low boiling point blowing agent to reduce the mixing pressure of the components during the polyurethane foam preparation process. Further, the mass portion of the low-boiling point foaming agent is 1.5 to 3.5 parts, the mass portion of the pentane foaming agent is 11 to 16 parts, so as to ensure the foaming quality, and the evaluation of the foaming quality includes, but is not limited to, foam density, demolding time, mechanical properties, and the like.
Specifically, the low-boiling-point foaming agent is 2.0 to 2.5 parts by weight, and the pentane foaming agent is 13 to 16 parts by weight.
Specifically, the pentane blowing agent includes at least one of cyclopentane and isopentane. When said pentane foaming agent comprises cyclopentane and isopentane. The mass ratio of the cyclopentane to the isopentane is (7-9): (3-1).
Specifically, the alkane having 4 or less carbon atoms is a normal alkane and/or an alkane having a branch. In this case, n-alkane refers to n-butane (boiling point-0.5 ℃ C.) or propane (boiling point-42 ℃ C.). The branched alkane may be isobutane (-11.73 ℃). In other words, the alkane having 4 or less carbon atoms includes at least one of n-butane, propane and isobutane. When the alkane having 4 or less carbon atoms includes at least two of n-butane, propane and isobutane, the ratio of the alkanes may be set according to the actual conditions. For example: when the alkane having 4 or less carbon atoms includes n-butane and propane, in view of the boiling point of n-butane being-0.5 ℃ and the boiling point of propane being-42 ℃, in the case where the blowing agent composition contains propane of a larger mass than n-butane, the mixing of the foaming system is required to be carried out under a higher pressure when the blowing agent composition is applied to the polyurethane foam production process; in the case where the blowing agent composition contains propane in a smaller amount by mass than n-butane, the mixing of the foaming system is required to be performed under a relatively small pressure when the blowing agent composition is applied to the polyurethane foam production process. Based on this, from the viewpoint of low energy consumption of equipment, when the blowing agent composition contains propane in a mass smaller than n-butane, the energy consumption of polyurethane foaming equipment can be effectively reduced. As for the mass ratio of n-butane and propane, it can be set in accordance with practical circumstances. For example: the mass ratio of n-butane to propane is (1.5-2.0): (0.5-1.0).
The embodiment of the invention also provides a polyurethane foaming composition. The polyurethane foaming composition includes the blowing agent composition described in the above examples.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the polyurethane foaming composition provided by the embodiment of the invention are the same as those of the foaming agent composition, and are not repeated herein. It is to be understood that for polyurethane foaming compositions, the polyurethane foaming composition includes not only the blowing agent composition, but also the polyol, polyisocyanate, foam catalyst, foam stabilizer and water. The foam stabilizer can play roles of emulsification, nucleation and foam stabilization, and ensures the stability of polyurethane foam.
It is known to those skilled in the art that the polyisocyanate contains isocyanate groups in a molar percentage of 30.5 to 31.5% to allow sufficient reaction of the polyisocyanate with the polyol. The polyisocyanate may be one or more of PM2010 from Tantawawa, 44V20L from Covestro, m20s from BASF, 5005 from Huntsman, and PAPI27 from DOW.
The above polyol contains an active hydrogen group so that the polyol can react with the polyisocyanate. These active hydrogen groups may be one kind, or two or more kinds. For example: when the polyol contains at least two active hydrogen groups, the active hydrogen groups may be hydroxyl, amino, imino, or the like, but are not limited thereto.
In some possible implementations, the polyol includes at least a polyol having a functionality of 3 or more and a hydroxyl number of 300 to 750 mg/KOH/g. The polyol may be a single-component polyol or a multi-component polyol. When the polyol is a multicomponent polyol, the polyol is a polyol composition.
Specifically, the above-mentioned polyol includes phthalic anhydride polyester polyol and/or polyether polyol.
When the polyol includes phthalic anhydride polyester polyol, since phthalic anhydride polyester polyol contains benzene rings, polyurethane foam obtained by reacting polyol with polyisocyanate has good hardness. The kind of the phthalic anhydride polyester polyol can be selected according to actual conditions. For example: the phthalic anhydride polyester polyol is prepared from polybasic acid with 8-12 carbon atoms and hydroxyl compound containing two hydroxyl groups.
The polybasic acid includes at least an aromatic acid anhydride and/or phthalic acid. The aromatic acid anhydride may be at least one of benzoic anhydride, p-methoxyphenylacetic anhydride, and biphenyl anhydride, but is not limited thereto. Particularly, the biphenyl anhydride contains two benzene rings, so that polyurethane pores can be fine and uniform, and the thermal conductivity and strength of the polyurethane foam can be improved. The hydroxyl compound includes at least one of bisphenol A and an alkyl diol having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. The alkyl diol having 2 to 4 carbon atoms may be at least one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and neopentyl glycol. For example: the polyol comprises polyester polyol PS-3152 of Jinlingstainpan, wherein the hydroxyl number is 300-330mgKOH/g, and the functionality is 2.0-3.0.
When the polyol comprises polyether polyol, the polyether polyol comprises polyether polyol A, polyether polyol B, polyether polyol C and polyether polyol D in a mass ratio of (15-30) to (10-30) to (15-35) to (15-30). When the polyol comprises phthalic anhydride polyester polyol and polyether polyol, the mass ratio of the phthalic anhydride polyester polyol to the polyether polyol A is (5-15): (15-30).
The polyether polyol A is obtained by adding sucrose and glycerol serving as mixed initiators to alkylene oxide. The polyether polyol has a functionality of 4-6. Such polyether polyols of moderate functionality can improve the strength of polyurethane foams to some extent. For example: polyether polyol a is polyether polyol NL8210 available from sentential new materials development limited. Of course, the polyether polyol A may also be selected as desired depending on the actual circumstances.
The polyether polyol B is obtained by performing addition reaction on sorbitol serving as an initiator and an alkylene oxide. The functionality of the polyether polyol B is 6. Because the polyether polyol has relatively high functionality and good compatibility with the foaming agent composition, the foaming agent composition can be fully dissolved in the polyether polyol, and therefore, the polyether polyol B can ensure that the obtained polyurethane foam has better density distribution uniformity, thereby improving the strength of the polyurethane foam. For example: polyether polyol B is polyether polyol SA460 from great chemical company, llc, eastern bluestar. Of course, the polyether polyol B may also be selected as desired depending on the actual circumstances.
The polyether polyol C is obtained by addition reaction of a glycerin initiator and an alkylene oxide. The polyether polyol C has a functionality of 2-3. The polyether polyol C has low viscosity, and can improve the fluidity of a foaming system, so that the foaming effect is better. For example: the polyether polyol C is polyether polyol GR-4110G which is purchased from the chemical industry three factories of Shanghai Gaoqiao petrochemical company. The viscosity of the emulsion at 25 ℃ is 2000-4000 cp. Of course, the polyether polyols C may also be selected as desired.
The polyether polyol D is obtained by addition reaction of toluene diamine as an initiator and an alkylene oxide. The functionality of the polyether polyol D is 4. The polyether polyol D is amine polyether polyol, can improve the solubility of pentane, has a strong benzene ring structure rigidity, improves the strength of the polyurethane foam, and can improve the strength and the mold release property of the polyurethane foam when used together with other polyether polyols. For example, preferred is polyether polyol SD7100 available from polyurethane Co, Tokyo, Shanghai, Ltd. Of course, the polyether polyol D required can also be selected as appropriate.
In some possible implementations, the foam catalyst includes one or both of a tertiary amine foam catalyst and a quaternary ammonium salt foam catalyst, and of course, the foam catalyst may be selected according to the actual situation.
As the tertiary amine foam catalyst, the tertiary amine foam catalyst includes at least one of dimethylcyclohexylamine (abbreviated as PC-8), pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (abbreviated as PC-5), N-methyldicyclohexylamine (abbreviated as PC-12), bis-dimethylaminoethyl ether, tetramethylhexamethylenediamine, 1, 2-dimethylimidazole, N-methylmorphinine, N-ethylmorphinine and bis (2-methylaminoethyl) ether, dimethylbenzylamine, monocyclic amidine, and bicyclic amidine. As the quaternary ammonium salt foam catalyst, the quaternary ammonium salt foam catalyst comprises at least one of (2-hydroxypropyl) trimethyl ammonium formate (TMR-2 for short), ethylquaternary ammonium salt and octylquaternary ammonium salt.
Illustratively, the foam catalyst comprises the following components in a mass ratio of (1.2-1.6): (3.4-3.8): (0.7-1.2) pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine and (2-hydroxypropyl) trimethyl ammonium formate, and the foam catalysts can effectively catalyze the foaming of a foaming agent system, so that the demolding speed is accelerated.
In some possible implementations, the foam stabilizer is a Si — C-containing foam stabilizer such as silicone oil, considering that the low-boiling point blowing agent contained in the blowing agent composition includes both a higher-boiling pentane-based blowing agent and a low-boiling point blowing agent. At the moment, the silicone oil not only can play roles of emulsification, nucleation and foam stabilization, but also can reduce volatilization of a low-boiling-point foaming agent component by utilizing the silicone oil, and the silicone oil which is balanced and optimized in aspects such as a silicon-hydrogen structure and the like can be adopted, so that the surface tension of a gas-liquid two-phase interface is reduced, volatilization of n-butane and propane is reduced, the flowability of foam is improved, and a cell structure is improved. For example: the silicone oil can be one or more of B8462 silicone oil, B8510 silicone oil, B8545 silicone oil, and L6863 silicone oil and L6952 silicone oil.
Based on the selection of the components contained in the polyurethane foaming composition, the mass parts of the polyol contained in the polyurethane foaming composition are 100 parts, the mass part of the low-boiling-point foaming agent contained in the foaming agent composition is 1.5-3.5 parts, the mass part of the pentane foaming agent contained in the foaming agent composition is 11-16 parts, the mass part of the foam catalyst is 1.7-2.5 parts, the mass part of the water is 1.6-2.3 parts, the mass part of the foam stabilizer is 1.8-2.5 parts, and the mass of the polyisocyanate is 1.20-1.30 times of the total mass of the polyol, the foaming agent composition, the foam catalyst, the water and the foam stabilizer. Under the condition, when the polyurethane foaming composition provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to the preparation of polyurethane foam, the prepared polyurethane foam has better heat preservation performance than the polyurethane foam foamed by the traditional pentane foaming agent.
The embodiment of the invention also provides polyurethane foam. The polyurethane foam is prepared by the polyurethane foaming composition described in the above examples, and the beneficial effects thereof are the same as the effects of the above foaming agent composition, and are not described herein again.
It is understood that the above polyurethane foam has a thermal conductivity at 10 ℃ of 19.5 mW/(m.k) or less and a molded core density of 30.5kg/m or less3Thus, it can be seen that the polyurethane foams provided by the examples of the present invention have good thermal insulation properties and relatively low molding density.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the polyurethane foam, which comprises the following steps:
the polyurethane foam is prepared by adopting the polyurethane foaming composition. The polyurethane foaming composition is the polyurethane foaming composition described in the third embodiment, and the beneficial effects thereof are the same as the effects of the foaming agent composition, and are not described herein again.
Specifically, when the polyurethane foaming composition contains water and a foam stabilizer, as shown in fig. 1, the preparation of a polyurethane foam using the polyurethane foaming composition includes:
step S100: and (3) uniformly mixing the polyol and the foam catalyst for the first time to obtain a first mixture. The pressure of the first mixing is 0.5 MPa-1.5 MPa. For example: the polyol, the foam catalyst, the water and the foam stabilizer are pressurized to 0.5MPa to 1.5MPa at the temperature of 20 ℃ to 30 ℃ and are physically and uniformly mixed to obtain a first mixture, and the physical mixing mode is various, such as a conventional stirring and mixing mode, wherein the time required for uniformly stirring and mixing is 0.5h to 1.5 h.
Step S200: and uniformly mixing the first mixture and a pentane foaming agent for the second time in a static premixing mode to obtain a second mixture. The pressure of the second mixing and the third mixing is 2.0 MPa-4.0 MPa. For example: and (3) mixing the first mixture and a pentane foaming agent for the second time by using a static premixing device under the pressure of 2.0-4.0 MPa to obtain a second mixture. The mixing time can be set according to actual conditions.
Step S300: and uniformly mixing the second mixture and the low-boiling-point foaming agent for the third time in a static premixing mode to obtain a third mixture. The pressure of the third mixing is 2.0 MPa-4.0 MPa. For example: and thirdly mixing the second mixture and the low-boiling-point foaming agent at the pressure of 2.0-4.0 MPa by using static premixing equipment to obtain a third mixture. It should be understood that, because the low-boiling-point foaming agent has a relatively low boiling point and is easy to volatilize, in order to reduce unnecessary loss and improve the mixing precision, the low-boiling-point foaming agent is put into third mixing to be mixed with the second mixture, so that the volatilization amount of the low-boiling-point foaming agent is reduced while the low-boiling-point foaming agent is mixed with other components. Meanwhile, the third mixing time is controlled to be 0.5 h-1.0 h, so that the volatilization amount of the low-boiling-point foaming agent is further reduced.
Step S400: and respectively spraying the third mixture and the polyisocyanate by using a high-pressure gun head, so that the sprayed third mixture and the polyisocyanate are mixed together for foaming to obtain the polyurethane foam. The polyurethane foam obtained is a rigid polyurethane foam. The foaming temperature can be 17-23 ℃, and the pressure of the gun head of the high-pressure gun head is 11-15 Mpa, which can be selected according to actual conditions.
Therefore, the preparation method of the polyurethane foam provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple process and convenience for large-scale production. In addition, the pressure for the first blending is low, but the pressure for the second blending and the third blending is high because the components included in the first blending are not easily volatilized, and the pentane foaming agent and the low-boiling-point foaming agent included in the second blending and the third blending are easily volatilized, so that the pressure for the second blending and the third blending needs to be increased under high pressure to reduce the volatilization amount of the pentane foaming agent and the low-boiling-point foaming agent in the blending process.
EXAMPLE six
The beneficial effects of the polyurethane foam provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention in the application of the thermal insulation material or the thermal insulation device are the same as those of the foaming agent composition, and are not described herein again.
The polyurethane foam prepared by the preparation method of polyurethane foam provided by the fifth embodiment of the invention is applied to heat insulation materials or heat insulation equipment, and the beneficial effects of the polyurethane foam are the same as those of the foaming agent composition, and are not repeated herein.
Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention provides an insulation material, which should include the polyurethane foam described above. The embodiment of the invention also provides heat preservation equipment, which comprises the polyurethane foam.
EXAMPLE seven
The polyurethane foaming composition provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises, by mass, 100 parts of polyol, 2.3 parts of low-boiling-point foaming agent, 14 parts of pentane foaming agent, 2.1 parts of foam catalyst, 1.9 parts of water, 2.3 parts of foam stabilizer and 147.1 parts of polyisocyanate. At this time, the mass of the polyisocyanate was 1.20 times the total mass of the polyol, the blowing agent composition, the foam catalyst, water and the foam stabilizer.
The polyol comprises polyester polyol, polyether polyol A, polyether polyol B, polyether polyol C and polyether polyol D in a mass ratio of 15:25:20:25: 15. The polyester polyol is polyester polyol PS-3152, the polyether polyol A is NL8210 polyether polyol, the polyether polyol B is polyether polyol SA460, the polyether polyol C is polyether polyol GR-4110G, and the polyether polyol D is polyether polyol SD 7100.
The pentane blowing agent is cyclopentane (available from milone cyclopentane chemical company, ltd.). The low boiling blowing agent includes n-butane (available from Nezeo West chemical Co., Ltd.) and propane (available from Shandong Mediterranean Fine chemical Co., Ltd.) in a mass ratio of 1.5: 0.8.
The foam catalyst comprises PC-5, PC-8 and TMR-2 in a mass ratio of 1.5:3.5: 1. The polyisocyanate was 44V 20L. The foam stabilizer is B8462 with winning effect.
The polyurethane foaming composition provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for preparing polyurethane foam. The preparation method of the polyurethane foam comprises the following steps:
in the first step, the polyol, the foam catalyst, the water and the foam stabilizer are pressurized to 1.0MPa at 20 ℃ and are physically and uniformly mixed to obtain a first mixture, wherein the physical mixing mode is a stirring mixing mode, and the time required for stirring and uniformly mixing is 1.2 h.
And secondly, mixing the first mixture and a pentane foaming agent for the second time by using static premixing equipment under the pressure of 3.0MPa to obtain a second mixture.
And thirdly, mixing the second mixture and the low-boiling-point foaming agent for the third time at the pressure of 4.0MPa by using a static premixing device to obtain a third mixture. The time taken for the third mixing was 1.0 h.
And fourthly, mixing the third mixture and polyisocyanate by using a high-pressure foaming machine for foaming to obtain polyurethane foam. The foaming temperature is 20 ℃, the pressure of a high-pressure gun head of a high-pressure foaming machine is 15Mpa, and the demoulding time is 150 s.
Example eight
The embodiment of the invention is different from the seventh embodiment in that: the mass ratio of the polyester polyol to the polyether polyol A to the polyether polyol B to the polyether polyol C to the polyether polyol D is 10:25:25:25: 15.
The mass portion of the low-boiling-point foaming agent is 2.4 parts, and the mass ratio of n-butane to propane contained in the low-boiling-point foaming agent is 1.7: 0.7. 13.5 parts by weight of pentane foaming agent and 2.0 parts by weight of water. The mass part of the polyisocyanate was 146.7 parts so that the mass of the polyisocyanate was 1.20 times the total mass of the polyol, the blowing agent composition, the foam catalyst, water and the foam stabilizer.
Example nine
The embodiment of the invention is different from the seventh embodiment in that: the mass ratio of the polyester polyol to the polyether polyol A to the polyether polyol B to the polyether polyol C to the polyether polyol D is 15:20:20:25: 20.
The mass portion of the low-boiling-point foaming agent is 2.5 parts, and the mass ratio of n-butane and propane contained in the low-boiling-point foaming agent is 1.9: 0.6. 13 parts by weight of pentane foaming agent and 2.1 parts by weight of water. The mass fraction of polyisocyanate was 146.4, so that the mass of polyisocyanate was 1.20 times the total mass of polyol, blowing agent composition, foam catalyst, water and foam stabilizer.
Example ten
The polyurethane foam prepared in example seven was prepared into a refrigerator-freezer having a capacity of 300L.
EXAMPLE eleven
The polyurethane foam prepared in example eight was made into a refrigerator-freezer having a capacity of 300L.
Example twelve
The polyurethane foam prepared in example nine was prepared into a refrigerator/freezer having a capacity of 300L.
EXAMPLE thirteen
The polyurethane foaming composition provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises, by mass, 100 parts of polyol, 1.5 parts of low-boiling-point foaming agent, 11 parts of pentane foaming agent, 1.7 parts of foam catalyst, 1.6 parts of water, 1.8 parts of foam stabilizer and 152.88 parts of polyisocyanate. At this time, the mass of the polyisocyanate was 1.3 times the total mass of the polyol, the blowing agent composition, the foam catalyst, water and the foam stabilizer.
The polyol comprises polyester polyol, polyether polyol A, polyether polyol B, polyether polyol C and polyether polyol D in a mass ratio of 5:30:10:35: 20. The components contained in the polyester polyol are referred to in example seven.
The pentane foaming agent is cyclopentane and isopentane in a mass ratio of 7: 1. The low boiling blowing agents described above included n-butane (available from Nezechsler chemical Co., Ltd.) and propane (available from Shandong Mediterranean Fine chemical Co., Ltd.) in a mass ratio of 2.0: 1.0.
The foam catalyst comprises PC-5, PC-8 and TMR-2 in a mass ratio of 1.2:3.8: 0.7. The polyisocyanate includes PAPI27 and 5005 in a mass ratio of 2: 1. The foam stabilizer is B8510 silicone oil and B8545 silicone oil in a mass ratio of 3: 2.
The polyurethane foaming composition provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for preparing polyurethane foam. The preparation method of the polyurethane foam comprises the following steps:
in the first step, the polyol, the foam catalyst, the water and the foam stabilizer are pressurized to 1.5MPa at 30 ℃ and are physically and uniformly mixed to obtain a first mixture, wherein the physical mixing mode is a stirring mixing mode, and the time required for stirring and uniformly mixing is 0.5 h.
And secondly, mixing the first mixture and a pentane foaming agent for the second time by using static premixing equipment under the pressure of 2.0MPa to obtain a second mixture.
And thirdly, mixing the second mixture and the low-boiling-point foaming agent for the third time at the pressure of 2.0MPa by using a static premixing device to obtain a third mixture. The time taken for the third mixing was 0.8 h.
And fourthly, mixing the third mixture and polyisocyanate by using a high-pressure foaming machine for foaming to obtain polyurethane foam. The foaming temperature is 17 ℃, and the pressure of a high-pressure gun head of the high-pressure foaming machine is 11 Mpa.
Example fourteen
The polyurethane foaming composition provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises, by mass, 100 parts of polyol, 3.5 parts of low-boiling-point foaming agent, 16 parts of pentane foaming agent, 2.5 parts of foam catalyst, 2.3 parts of water, 2.5 parts of foam stabilizer and 157.2 parts of polyisocyanate. At this time, the mass of the polyisocyanate was 1.23 times the total mass of the polyol, the blowing agent composition, the foam catalyst, water and the foam stabilizer.
The polyol comprises polyester polyol, polyether polyol A, polyether polyol B, polyether polyol C and polyether polyol D in a mass ratio of 10:15:30:15: 30. The components contained in the polyester polyol are referred to in example seven.
The pentane foaming agent is cyclopentane and isopentane in a mass ratio of 9: 2. The low boiling blowing agent is n-butane (available from Netzerland Seisakul chemical Co., Ltd.).
The foam catalyst comprises PC-5, PC-8 and TMR-2 in a mass ratio of 1.3:3.4: 1.2. The polyisocyanate is PM 2010. The foam stabilizer is L6863 silicone oil.
The polyurethane foaming composition provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for preparing polyurethane foam. The preparation method of the polyurethane foam comprises the following steps:
in the first step, the polyol, the foam catalyst, the water and the foam stabilizer are pressurized to 0.5MPa at 25 ℃ and are physically and uniformly mixed to obtain a first mixture, wherein the physical mixing mode is a stirring mixing mode, and the time required for stirring and uniformly mixing is 1.5 h.
And secondly, mixing the first mixture and a pentane foaming agent for the second time by using static premixing equipment under the pressure of 4.0MPa to obtain a second mixture.
And thirdly, mixing the second mixture and the low-boiling-point foaming agent for the third time at the pressure of 4.0MPa by using a static premixing device to obtain a third mixture. The time taken for the third mixing was 0.5 h.
And fourthly, mixing the third mixture and polyisocyanate by using a high-pressure foaming machine for foaming to obtain polyurethane foam. The foaming temperature is 23 ℃, and the pressure of a high-pressure gun head of the high-pressure foaming machine is 15 Mpa.
Example fifteen
The polyurethane foaming composition provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises, by mass, 100 parts of polyol, 3 parts of low-boiling-point foaming agent, 12 parts of pentane foaming agent, 2.3 parts of foam catalyst, 1.8 parts of water, 2.0 parts of foam stabilizer and 145.7 parts of polyisocyanate. At this time, the mass of the polyisocyanate was 1.2 times the total mass of the polyol, the blowing agent composition, the foam catalyst, water and the foam stabilizer.
The polyol comprises polyester polyol, polyether polyol A, polyether polyol B, polyether polyol C and polyether polyol D in a mass ratio of 10:20:30:15: 25. The components contained in the polyester polyol are referred to in example seven.
The pentane foaming agent is cyclopentane and isopentane in a mass ratio of 8: 3. The low boiling point blowing agent is propane (available from Shandong, Zhonghai, Fine chemical Co., Ltd.).
The foam catalyst comprises PC-12, bis-dimethylaminoethyl ether and N-ethyl morphinine in a mass ratio of 2.1:3: 1.5. The polyisocyanate is PM 2010. The foam stabilizer is L6863 silicone oil.
The polyurethane foaming composition provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for preparing polyurethane foam. The preparation method of the polyurethane foam can refer to the eighth embodiment, and details are not described herein.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a polyurethane foaming composition comprising, in parts by mass, 100 parts of a polyol, 15 parts of pentane, 2.2 parts of a foam catalyst, 1.9 parts of water, 2.2 parts of a foam stabilizer, and 149.2 parts of a polyisocyanate. The mass of the polyisocyanate at this time was 1.23 times the total mass of the polyol, pentane, foam catalyst, water and foam stabilizer. See example seven for the specific composition and ingredients of the polyol, foam catalyst, foam stabilizer, polyisocyanate.
Polyurethane foams were prepared using the polyurethane foam compositions described in this comparative example. The preparation method of the polyurethane foam comprises the following steps:
in the first step, the polyol, the foam catalyst, the water and the foam stabilizer are pressurized to 1.0MPa at 20 ℃ and are physically and uniformly mixed to obtain a first mixture, wherein the physical mixing mode is a stirring mixing mode, and the time required for stirring and uniformly mixing is 1.2 h.
And secondly, mixing the first mixture and a pentane foaming agent for the second time by using static premixing equipment under the pressure of 3.0MPa to obtain a second mixture.
And thirdly, mixing the second mixture and polyisocyanate by using a high-pressure foaming machine for foaming to obtain polyurethane foam. The foaming temperature is 20 ℃, the pressure of a high-pressure gun head of a high-pressure foaming machine is 15Mpa, and the demoulding time is 210 s.
Comparative example No. two
This comparative example provides a polyurethane foaming composition comprising, in parts by mass, 100 parts of a polyol, 2 parts of n-butane, 14 parts of pentane, 2.2 parts of a foam catalyst, 1.9 parts of water, 2.2 parts of a foam stabilizer, and 146.3 parts of a polyisocyanate. The mass of the polyisocyanate at this time was 1.20 times the total mass of the polyol, n-butane, pentane, foam catalyst, water and foam stabilizer. See example seven for specific compositions and ingredients of the foam catalyst, foam stabilizer, polyisocyanate.
The polyol comprises polyester polyol, polyether polyol A, polyether polyol B, polyether polyol C and polyether polyol D in a mass ratio of 15:30:20:20: 15.
Polyurethane foams were prepared using the comparative polyurethane foam compositions. The preparation method of the polyurethane foam comprises the following steps:
in the first step, the polyol, the foam catalyst, the water and the foam stabilizer are pressurized to 1.0MPa at 20 ℃ and are physically and uniformly mixed to obtain a first mixture, wherein the physical mixing mode is a stirring mixing mode, and the time required for stirring and uniformly mixing is 1.2 h.
And secondly, mixing the first mixture and pentane for the second time by using a static premixing device under the pressure of 3.0MPa to obtain a second mixture.
And thirdly, mixing the second mixture and n-butane for the third time at the pressure of 4.0MPa by using a static premixing device to obtain a third mixture. The time taken for the third mixing was 1.0 h.
And fourthly, mixing the third mixture and polyisocyanate by using a high-pressure foaming machine for foaming to obtain polyurethane foam. The foaming temperature is 20 ℃, the pressure of a high-pressure gun head of a high-pressure foaming machine is 15Mpa, and the demoulding time is 180.
Comparative example No. three
The present comparative example differs from comparative example one in that: the polyurethane foaming composition of this comparative example includes 100 parts of polyol, 15 parts of pentane, 2.2 parts of foam catalyst, 1.9 parts of water, 2.2 parts of foam stabilizer, and 149.2 parts of polyisocyanate. The mass of the polyisocyanate at this time was 1.23 times the total mass of the polyol, pentane, foam catalyst, water and foam stabilizer. See example seven for specific compositions and ingredients of polyol, pentane, foam catalyst, foam stabilizer, polyisocyanate.
When the polyurethane foam composition of the comparative example was used to prepare a polyurethane foam, the difference from the first comparative example was that the demold time was 150 seconds.
Comparative example No. four
The polyurethane foam prepared in comparative example one was made into a refrigerator-freezer having a capacity of 300L.
Comparative example five
The polyurethane foam prepared in comparative example two was prepared into a refrigerator-freezer having a capacity of 300L.
Firstly, carrying out performance tests on the polyurethane foams prepared in the seventh to ninth examples and the first to third comparative examples; the performance test contents comprise:
demoulding time: the demolding time refers to the time from the injection of the polyurethane foaming composition into the foaming cavity to the opening of the foaming mold, and is expressed in s.
Density of the molded core: core density (definition) of molded foam; in general, the average core density is determined from the average of a plurality of 50mm by 50mm (de-skinned) samples in kg/m3。
Density distribution: dissecting the foaming box body prepared by polyurethane foam, testing the core density of each part, and positioning the density distribution of the difference between the maximum core density and the minimum core density with the unit of kg/m3。
Free bubble density in kg/m3(ii) a Expansion in mm; average thermal conductivity in W/m.K; mean compression strengthDegree in Mpa, dimensional stability in%.
It is to be understood that the above-mentioned molded core densities, thermal conductivities, compressive strengths, etc. are all determined according to national standards.
Second, the following performance tests were performed on 310L top-freezer-bottom-refrigerator double-door refrigerators made in examples ten to twelve, comparative example four, and comparative example five, the test contents including:
the deformation of the upper part of the left side surface of the box body, the deformation of the middle part of the left side surface of the box body, the deformation of the lower part of the left side surface of the box body, the deformation of the upper part of the right side surface of the box body, the deformation of the middle part of the right side surface of the box body and the deformation of the lower part of the right side surface of the. The refrigerator comprises a refrigerator body, a refrigerator door, a foaming box, a refrigerator door, a foaming box and a controller, wherein the left side and the right side of the refrigerator body are determined by taking the direction of the refrigerator door of the refrigerator-freezer as the front side, the deformation of each part is based on the initial plane of the foaming box, the default of the deformation at the moment is 0, when the foaming box is cooled, the foam can shrink or expand, and the degree of the shrinkage or expansion is the deformation.
The unit of the deformation of the upper part of the left side surface of the box body, the deformation of the middle part of the left side surface of the box body, the deformation of the lower part of the left side surface of the box body, the deformation of the upper part of the right side surface of the box body, the deformation of the middle part of the right side surface of the box body and the deformation of the lower part of the right side surface of the box body is.
The results of the performance tests of the polyurethane foams prepared in examples seven to nine and comparative examples first to third were compared, and the results of the comparison are shown in Table 1. The results of the performance tests of 300L refrigerators made in examples ten to twelve, comparative example four and comparative example five were compared and are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 comparative table of the results of the polyurethane foam performance tests
From the results of the performance tests of comparative examples seven to nine and comparative examples one to three shown in Table 1, it can be found that the blowing agent composition provided in the examples of the present invention contains a low-boiling point blowing agent so that the foam density distribution of the polyurethane foam produced is small. As can be seen, the blowing agent composition provided by the embodiment of the invention can promote the foam flowability. In addition, from the demold time it can be seen: the polyurethane foams prepared in examples seven to nine had their demold times controlled to 150s without cracking and expansion ratios small due to the low boiling point blowing agent contained in the blowing agent composition. The polyurethane foams prepared in comparative examples one and two had demold times of 180 seconds or more to ensure that the foams did not crack. And as can be seen from comparative example three, the blowing agent used in comparative example three was cyclopentane, which exhibited foam cracking at a demold time of 150 s. Therefore, the foaming agent composition provided by the embodiment of the invention contains the low-boiling-point foaming agent, so that the demolding time can be shortened on the premise of ensuring the quality of polyurethane foam.
Compared with the polyurethane foam prepared in the first comparative example, the foam density of the polyurethane foam prepared in the seventh to ninth examples is reduced by 6-10%, and the foam compression strength, the foam thermal conductivity coefficient and the dimensional stability are basically equivalent, so that the low-boiling-point foaming agent contained in the foaming agent composition provided by the embodiment of the invention can effectively ensure that the raw material consumption can be saved and the economical efficiency is good under the condition that the prepared polyurethane foam keeps the mechanical property and the thermal insulation property without being reduced. In addition, compared with the polyurethane foam prepared in the first comparative example, the thermal conductivity of the polyurethane foams prepared in the seventh to ninth examples is reduced to a certain extent, so that the low-boiling-point foaming agent contained in the foaming agent composition provided by the embodiment of the invention can effectively ensure that the prepared polyurethane foam has better heat insulation effect.
TABLE 2300L COMPARATIVE TABLE FOR PERFORMANCE TEST OF REFRIGERATOR AND FREEZER
As can be seen from table 2: when the polyurethane foam prepared by the embodiment of the invention is applied to a refrigerator-freezer, the demoulding time of the refrigerator-freezer is only 150s, and the deformation of the side surface of the refrigerator body is not increased, so that compared with the fourth comparative example and the fifth comparative example, when the polyurethane foam prepared by the embodiment of the invention is applied to the refrigerator-freezer, the deformation of the side plate of the refrigerator body is smaller after demoulding in a shorter time, the foaming production efficiency of the refrigerator body of the refrigerator-freezer can be obviously improved, and the efficiency is improved by 20-30%.
In the foregoing description of embodiments, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (17)
1. A blowing agent composition comprising a low boiling blowing agent and a pentane blowing agent, said low boiling blowing agent having a boiling point less than the boiling point of said pentane blowing agent; the low-boiling-point foaming agent is alkane with the carbon number less than or equal to 4.
2. The blowing agent composition according to claim 1, characterized in that said alkanes having a number of carbon atoms not more than 4 are n-alkanes and/or alkanes having a branch; or,
the alkane with the carbon number less than or equal to 4 comprises at least one of n-butane, propane and isobutane; or,
the alkane with the carbon number less than or equal to 4 comprises n-butane and propane, wherein the mass ratio of the n-butane to the propane is (1.5-2.0): (0.5-1.0).
3. The blowing agent composition of claim 1, wherein said pentane blowing agent comprises at least one of cyclopentane, isopentane; or,
the pentane foaming agent comprises cyclopentane and isopentane, and the mass ratio of the cyclopentane to the isopentane is (7-9): (3-1).
4. The foaming agent composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low boiling point foaming agent is 1.5 to 3.5 parts by mass, and the pentane foaming agent is 11 to 16 parts by mass; or,
the foaming agent with the low boiling point is 2.0-2.5 parts by weight, and the pentane foaming agent is 13-16 parts by weight.
5. A polyurethane foam composition comprising the blowing agent composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The polyurethane foaming composition according to claim 5, further comprising a polyol, a polyisocyanate, a foam catalyst, a foam stabilizer, and water; the polyurethane foaming composition comprises, by mass, 100 parts of polyol, 1.5-3.5 parts of low-boiling-point foaming agent, 11-16 parts of pentane foaming agent, 1.7-2.5 parts of foam catalyst, 1.6-2.3 parts of water and 1.8-2.5 parts of foam stabilizer, wherein the mass of the polyisocyanate is 1.20-1.30 times of the total mass of the polyol, the foaming agent composition, the foam catalyst, the water and the foam stabilizer.
7. The polyurethane foaming composition of claim 6, wherein the polyol contains at least two active hydrogen groups; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the polyol at least comprises a polyol with the functionality of more than or equal to 3 and the hydroxyl number of 300-750 mg/KOH/g.
8. Polyurethane foaming composition according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the polyol comprises phthalic anhydride polyester polyol and/or polyether polyol;
when the polyol comprises phthalic anhydride polyester polyol, the functionality of the phthalic anhydride polyester polyol is 2-8, and the number of hydroxyl groups is 300-700 mg/KOH/g;
when the polyol comprises polyether polyol, the functionality of the polyether polyol is 2-8, and the hydroxyl number is 300-700 mg/KOH/g.
9. The polyurethane foaming composition according to claim 8,
when the polyol comprises phthalic anhydride polyester polyol, the phthalic anhydride polyester polyol is prepared from polybasic acid with 8-12 carbon atoms and hydroxyl compound containing two hydroxyl groups, the polybasic acid comprises aromatic anhydride and phthalic acid, and the hydroxyl compound comprises at least one of bisphenol A and alkyl diol with 2-4 carbon atoms; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
when the polyol comprises polyester polyol and polyether polyol, the polyether polyol comprises polyether polyol A, polyether polyol B, polyether polyol C and polyether polyol D in a mass ratio of (15-30): 10-30): 15-35): 15-30, and the mass ratio of the polyester polyol to the polyether polyol is (5-15): 15-30; wherein,
the polyether polyol A is obtained by taking cane sugar and glycerol as mixed initiators and carrying out addition reaction with alkylene oxide, and the functionality of the polyether polyol is 4-6;
the polyether polyol B is obtained by taking sorbitol as an initiator through addition reaction with alkylene oxide, and the functionality of the polyether polyol B is 6;
the polyether polyol C is obtained by an addition reaction of a glycerol initiator and an alkylene oxide, and the functionality of the polyether polyol C is 2-3;
the polyether polyol D is obtained by taking toluene diamine as an initiator through addition reaction with alkylene oxide, and the functionality of the polyether polyol D is 4;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
when the polyol comprises phthalic anhydride polyester polyol and polyether polyol, the mass ratio of the phthalic anhydride polyester polyol to the polyether polyol is (5-15): (15-30).
10. The polyurethane foaming composition according to claim 6,
the foam stabilizer is a C-Si-containing foam stabilizer; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the polyisocyanate contains 30.5 to 31.5 mole percent of isocyanate groups; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the foam catalyst comprises one or two of tertiary amine foam catalyst and quaternary ammonium salt foam catalyst; or,
the foam catalyst comprises the following components in percentage by mass (1.2-1.6): (3.4-3.8): (0.7-1.2) pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine and (2-hydroxypropyl) trimethyl ammonium formate.
11. A polyurethane foam prepared from the polyurethane foam composition according to any one of claims 5 to 10.
12. The polyurethane foam according to claim 11, wherein the polyurethane foam has a thermal conductivity at 10 ℃ of 19.5 mW/(m-k) or less and a molded core density of 30.5kg/m or less3。
13. A method of preparing a polyurethane foam, comprising:
preparing a polyurethane foam using a polyurethane foaming composition according to any one of claims 5 to 10.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the preparing a polyurethane foam using a polyurethane foaming composition comprises:
mixing polyol, a foam catalyst, water and a foam stabilizer uniformly and physically for the first time to obtain a first mixture;
uniformly mixing the first mixture and a pentane foaming agent for the second time in a static premixing mode to obtain a second mixture;
uniformly mixing the second mixture and the low-boiling-point foaming agent for the third time in a static premixing mode to obtain a third mixture;
and respectively spraying the third mixture and the polyisocyanate by using a high-pressure gun head, so that the sprayed third mixture and the polyisocyanate are mixed together for foaming to obtain the polyurethane foam.
15. The method of producing a polyurethane foam according to claim 14, wherein the pressure of the first kneading is 0.5 to 1.5 MPa; the pressure of the second mixing and the third mixing is 2.0 MPa-4.0 MPa; the pressure of the high-pressure gun head is 11-15 Mpa.
16. Use of the polyurethane foam according to claim 11 or 12 in insulation materials or insulation equipment.
17. Use of a polyurethane foam prepared by the method of any one of claims 13 to 15 in a thermal insulation material or thermal insulation equipment.
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