CN110483088B

CN110483088B - Copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110483088B
Application number: CN201910851721.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘凌江
Original assignee: Sichuan Guangtong Carbon Composite Material Co ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Guangtong Carbon Composite Material Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-10
Filing date: 2019-09-10
Publication date: 2021-10-29
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-10
Also published as: CN110483088A

Abstract

The invention discloses a copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate which is prepared from a basic raw material and an infiltration auxiliary agent; the basic raw material comprises 20-30 parts of asphalt coke; 10-15 parts of petroleum coke; 15-20 parts of flake graphite; 2-5 parts of carbon fiber; 10-20 parts of a binder; 5-10 parts of pore-forming agent. According to the invention, the components of the carbon sliding plate composite material are optimized, the bamboo charcoal powder is used as a pore forming agent, the impurity retention in pores is reduced, and the copper-containing carbon sliding plate can be formed by infiltrating copper liquid into the pores through a high-pressure copper leaching process, so that the carbon sliding plate has good mechanical property and electrical property.

Description

Copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of material processing, in particular to a copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The pantograph is an electric device for an electric traction locomotive to obtain electric energy from a contact net and is arranged on the roof of the locomotive or a bullet train. The pantograph can be divided into a single-arm pantograph and a double-arm pantograph, and is composed of a sliding plate, an upper frame, a lower arm rod (a lower frame for the double-arm pantograph), a bottom frame, a pantograph lifting spring, a transmission cylinder, a supporting insulator and the like. The pantograph slide plate is an important current collecting element of the electric locomotive, is arranged at the uppermost part of the pantograph, is directly contacted with a contact wire, and obtains 100-1000A current from the contact wire in a sliding state to supply power for the locomotive.

The pantograph slide plate of electric locomotive is a sliding friction current-collecting material, and its kinds are pure metal slide plate, powder metallurgy slide plate, carbon slide plate, metal-impregnated carbon slide plate and composite material slide plate, etc. The copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate needs to be added with a pore-forming agent for pore forming in the preparation process, and copper impregnation treatment is carried out after pore forming is finished, so that copper liquid is immersed into pores and is used for improving performances such as conductivity, mechanical strength and the like.

For example, prior art 1CN201810571803.0 discloses a method for preparing a low-resistance pantograph pan carbon strip, which comprises the following steps: s1, putting the carbon black, the pitch coke, the carbon fiber and the graphite into a kneading pot for dry mixing for 3 hours at a kneading temperature of 160 ℃ to obtain a mixed material A;

s2, melting the modified solid asphalt, putting the melted modified solid asphalt into a kneading pot according to the percentage, kneading the melted modified solid asphalt and the mixed material A obtained in the step S1 for 2 hours to obtain a mixed material B, taking the mixed material B out of the pot at the temperature of 170 ℃, and carrying out spiral extrusion processing after the mixed material B is cooled to room temperature;

s3, spirally extruding the mixed material B obtained in the step S2 to obtain an extruded sheet raw material C, and grinding the obtained extruded sheet raw material C to obtain a ground material D, wherein the granularity of ground powder is required to be below 0.3 mm;

s4, adding a pore-forming agent into the ground material D obtained in the step S3, mixing and stirring at 80 ℃ for 100min, and then forming by using an extruder to obtain a formed carbon strip;

and S5, sintering the molded carbon strip obtained in the step S4 at 1000 ℃ for 360h, and discharging the carbon strip after the temperature is reduced to 150 ℃ to obtain the sliding plate carbon strip with the pore structure.

Wherein the pore-forming agent is organic matter, and the organic matter is animal hair and/or cotton thread.

Although the copper leaching treatment can be performed by the above method, the organic matter is often complex in composition and contains metal ions, and thus the organic matter cannot be completely gasified in the sintering process, and a small amount of impurities existing in pores formed after sintering cannot be discharged, which may result in incomplete copper leaching.

For example, prior art 2CN201510214172.3 discloses a method for producing a copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate for a pantograph of an electric locomotive, which comprises:

1) preparing a composite carbon sliding plate;

1.1) preparing materials according to the following mass portions: 60-80 parts of asphalt coke powder, 12-16 parts of graphite powder, 10-15 parts of siliconized graphite powder and 30-35 parts of high-temperature asphalt;

1.2) specific preparation: putting the asphalt coke powder and the graphite powder into a kneading pot according to the proportion, cold mixing for 20-120 minutes, then adding additive graphite silicide powder, continuing mixing for 40-60 minutes, then adding the melted high-temperature asphalt, mixing for 1-6 hours at the temperature of 160-plus-material 180 ℃, stopping heating, cooling and grinding to obtain powder with the granularity of 250-plus-material 350 meshes; prepressing the mixed powder ground into 250-plus-350-mesh powder on an oil press to form a first-stage material column, putting the first-stage material column into an oven at the temperature of 120-plus-140 ℃ for curing for 8-9 hours, putting the cured first-stage material column into an extruder, and extruding a composite carbon sliding plate blank with the required specification; placing the composite carbon sliding plate blank into a kiln for roasting, and discharging to obtain a composite carbon sliding plate;

prior art 2 discloses that: the special silicon graphite powder additive is added into the formula, the function of a framework is realized in the copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate, metal and graphite are completely adsorbed in micropores, a complex conductive net structure is formed, the conductivity of the copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate is improved, the resistivity is reduced, the mechanical strength of the sliding plate can be increased, the infiltration angle of copper impregnation is improved, the wear resistance and the self-lubricity of the sliding plate are further improved, the copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate is more wear-resistant, does not damage a trunk line, does not drop blocks, is high in impact resistance, and the service life of the copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate is prolonged.

Therefore, in the prior art 2, the addition of the siliconized graphite powder is used for improving the mechanical strength and the wetting angle, so that the wear resistance and the self-lubricating property of the sliding plate are improved, and the copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate is more wear-resistant and does not damage a trunk line. It is well known to those skilled in the art that graphite powder has good lubricating properties, and can increase the self-lubricating properties of the material, i.e., can reduce the friction with the main line.

However, in the copper liquid infiltration process, the infiltration between the copper liquid and the graphite/pitch coke/petroleum coke composite material is difficult, mainly because the infiltration angle of the graphite composite material is large, and the material difference between the metal copper material and the nonmetal material is large, so that the graphite material is not easy to be wetted by the copper liquid.

For example, in prior art 3, thesis "research on preparation process and performance of copper-based pantograph slider material", the authors make a vast amount. The characteristics of metal impregnated carbon slides are disclosed in the paper and how to solve the problem of poor wettability: one method is that the impregnation can be carried out by using a vacuum high pressure impregnation apparatus; alternatively, measures may be taken to improve the wettability of the alloy and carbon product, such as placing the billet in a boiling metal salt melt, and causing the pores in the billet to form a thin metal layer at the surface by the action of a reducing atmosphere; or substances which can promote wettability, including silica, titanium, lead, chromium, are added to the alloy.

In the first method, the blank is put into a boiling metal salt melt to be boiled, and not only a metal layer is formed on the surface of the pore, but also a metal layer is formed on the whole blank, particularly on the contact surface, so that the wettability of the surface of the blank is improved, the wettability is improved, the lubricity is reduced, the friction between a carbon sliding plate friction pair and a main line is increased, and the loss is increased.

For the second method, alloy materials are required to be added into the molten copper or other molten metals, for example, other metal elements are added into the molten copper to form alloy materials, which tends to reduce the conductivity of the molten copper; the resistivity of the copper liquid alloy is increased, and the overall resistance of the carbon sliding plate is further increased; this also does not facilitate the use of carbon skids.

Therefore, as can be seen from prior art 1 to prior art 3:

A. the wettability between the copper liquid and the carbon sliding plate material is poor, if no measures are taken, the copper liquid is not easy to completely infiltrate into the pores, and the cohesiveness between the copper liquid and the pores after cooling shrinkage is poor;

B. boiling in the boiling metal salt melt can improve the wettability of the carbon sliding plate, but also reduce the lubricity of the surface of the carbon sliding plate, so that the surface friction is increased;

C. the addition of other alloy materials to the copper bath can improve the wettability of the alloy copper bath with the carbon sliding plate, but also increases the resistivity.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate, which is prepared from the following basic raw materials and a wetting assistant:

the basic raw materials comprise:

20-30 parts of asphalt coke; 10-15 parts of petroleum coke; 15-20 parts of flake graphite;

2-5 parts of carbon fiber; 10-20 parts of a binder; 5-10 parts of a pore-forming agent;

a wetting auxiliary agent; the infiltration auxiliary agent comprises 80-95% of ferric boride; the balance being magnesium aluminum silicate.

In the optimized scheme of the invention, the basic raw materials of the carbon sliding plate comprise:

25 parts of asphalt coke; 10 parts of petroleum coke; 18 parts of crystalline flake graphite;

2 parts of carbon fiber; 13 parts of a binder; 6 parts of a pore-forming agent;

the infiltration auxiliary agent comprises 90% of ferric boride; the balance being magnesium aluminum silicate.

In the optimization scheme of the invention, the binder is one of phenolic resin or urea-formaldehyde resin; the pore-forming agent is bamboo charcoal powder; the particle size of the bamboo charcoal powder is 200-300 meshes.

In the optimized scheme of the invention, the raw materials also comprise an external release agent, and the external release agent is one of polyvinyl alcohol, silicone oil or liquid paraffin.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate, which comprises the following steps:

(1) adding the basic raw materials for preparing the copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate into kneading equipment according to the weight ratio, and uniformly mixing in the kneading equipment to obtain a mixture; the basic raw materials comprise pitch coke, petroleum coke, crystalline flake graphite, carbon fiber, a binder and a pore-forming agent;

(2) compacting and shaping the mixture, and keeping the temperature and drying after shaping; obtaining a dry blank; then, drying the blank and carrying out high-pressure forming in a die to obtain a formed blank;

(3) carrying out high-temperature sintering treatment on the formed blank, and gasifying the pore-forming agent in the formed blank to form pores in the formed blank to obtain a basic carbon sliding plate;

(4) preparing a soaking auxiliary agent: dispersing magnesium silicate aluminum powder and iron boride powder into water to form a mixed solution with good fluidity, wherein the mixed solution is an infiltration assistant dispersion solution;

(5) putting a basic carbon sliding plate into the infiltration aid dispersion liquid, allowing the infiltration aid dispersion liquid to enter pores of the basic carbon sliding plate under a high-pressure condition, taking out the basic carbon sliding plate after impregnation is finished, cleaning the surface of the basic carbon sliding plate, cleaning the infiltration aid dispersion liquid on the surface, performing vacuum sintering, removing water in the pores, and allowing the infiltration aid to be dispersed on the surface of the pores after being melted;

(6) repeating the step (5) for 3-4 times; obtaining a carbon sliding plate;

(7) placing the carbon sliding plate into copper leaching equipment, firstly vacuumizing to discharge gas in pores of the carbon sliding plate, immersing the carbon sliding plate into copper liquid, and then introducing high-pressure gas for infiltration treatment; and taking out the carbon sliding plate after the treatment is finished, and cooling to obtain the copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate.

In the optimization scheme of the invention, the operation pressure of compacting and shaping in the step (2) is 1 atm-2 atm, and the temperature of heat preservation and drying is 50-100 ℃; the operating pressure in the forming process is 5 atm-10 atm; and an external release agent is coated in the die in advance in the molding process, and the external release agent is one of polyvinyl alcohol, silicone oil or liquid paraffin.

In the optimized scheme of the invention, the sintering temperature of the formed blank in the step (3) is 1200-1500 ℃.

In the optimization scheme of the invention, the basic raw materials in the step (1) comprise the following components:

2-5 parts of carbon fiber; 10-20 parts of a binder; 5-10 parts of pore-forming agent.

In the optimized scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the infiltration aid in the step (4) comprises the following steps: 90g of iron boride powder and 10g of magnesium aluminum silicate powder are dispersed in 1000g of water and stirred to form a mixed solution with good fluidity, and the mixed solution is the infiltration aid dispersion solution.

In summary, the invention has the following advantages:

according to the invention, the components of the carbon sliding plate composite material are optimized, the bamboo charcoal powder is used as a pore forming agent, the impurity retention in pores is reduced, and the copper-containing carbon sliding plate can be formed by infiltrating copper liquid into the pores through a high-pressure copper leaching process, so that the carbon sliding plate has good mechanical property and electrical property.

According to the invention, the iron boride and the magnesium aluminum silicate are added into water to form a composite colloid with good fluidity, the composite colloid enters pores and is sintered at high temperature to remove water, metal atoms are decomposed and melted to the surfaces of the pores to form a net-shaped composite film, and the wettability of the surfaces of the pores is improved by the composite film.

The surface of the basic carbon sliding plate is cleaned before sintering, only the wettability in the pores is changed, the contact surface between the carbon sliding plate and a power grid is not affected, the lubricity of the surface is not reduced, and the resistance of a friction pair is not increased.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an electron microscope scanning image of a copper-impregnated carbon slide plate without being treated by a wetting auxiliary agent;

FIG. 2 is an electron microscope scanning image of the copper-impregnated carbon slide plate treated with the wetting assistant.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate which is prepared from the following basic raw materials and an infiltration auxiliary agent:

the basic raw materials comprise:

In a preferred embodiment, the copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate is prepared from the following basic raw materials and a wetting auxiliary agent

The basic raw materials comprise:

2 parts of carbon fiber; 13 parts of a binder; 6 parts of a pore-forming agent;

In a preferred embodiment, the binder is one of phenolic resin or urea-formaldehyde resin; the pore-forming agent is bamboo charcoal powder; the particle size of the bamboo charcoal powder is 200-300 meshes.

In a preferred embodiment, the raw material further comprises an external release agent, and the external release agent is one of polyvinyl alcohol, silicone oil or liquid paraffin.

(6) repeating the step (5) for 3-4 times; obtaining a carbon sliding plate;

In a preferred embodiment, the operation pressure of the compacting and shaping in the step (2) is 1 atm-2 atm, and the temperature of the heat preservation and drying is 50-100 ℃; the operating pressure in the forming process is 5 atm-10 atm; and an external release agent is coated in the die in advance in the molding process, and the external release agent is one of polyvinyl alcohol, silicone oil or liquid paraffin.

In a preferred embodiment, the sintering temperature of the formed blank in the step (3) is 1200-1500 ℃.

In a preferred embodiment, the base material in step (1) comprises the following components:

In a preferred embodiment, the preparation method of the wetting assistant in the step (4) comprises the following steps: 90g of iron boride powder and 10g of magnesium aluminum silicate powder are dispersed in 1000g of water and stirred to form a mixed solution with good fluidity, and the mixed solution is the infiltration aid dispersion solution.

Example 1: preparation of basic carbon skateboard

The basic raw material composition of the basic carbon sliding plate is as follows:

2 parts of carbon fiber; 13 parts of phenolic resin; 6 parts of bamboo charcoal powder of 250 meshes.

(1) Adding the basic raw materials into a kneading device, and uniformly mixing in the kneading device to obtain a mixture;

(2) the mixture is compacted and shaped, a roller extruder can be adopted for compaction, the mixture is extruded into a sheet shape and then is put into a cylinder or a square cylinder to be compacted by using the press, and the compaction operation pressure is 1atm, namely 1 atmosphere. After shaping, keeping the temperature and drying at 80 ℃; obtaining a dry blank;

coating an external release agent polyvinyl alcohol in a mould, and then placing the dried blank into the mould to carry out high-pressure forming under the pressure of 8atm to obtain a formed blank;

(3) and (3) sintering the formed blank at a high temperature of 1200 ℃, gasifying the pore-forming agent in the formed blank to form pores in the formed blank, and thus obtaining the basic carbon sliding plate.

Example 2: preparation of copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate

(1) Preparing a soaking auxiliary agent: dispersing 90g of iron boride powder and 10g of magnesium silicate aluminum powder into 1000g of water to form a mixed solution with good fluidity, wherein the mixed solution is an infiltration aid dispersion solution;

(2) putting a basic carbon sliding plate into an infiltration aid dispersion liquid, allowing the infiltration aid dispersion liquid to enter pores of the basic carbon sliding plate under a high pressure condition of 2atm, taking out the basic carbon sliding plate after dipping for 3min, cleaning the surface of the basic carbon sliding plate, performing vacuum sintering at 2000 ℃ after cleaning the surface of the infiltration aid dispersion liquid, removing water in the pores, and allowing the infiltration aid to be dispersed on the surfaces of the pores after melting;

(3) repeating the step (2) for 3 times; obtaining a carbon sliding plate;

(4) placing the carbon sliding plate into copper leaching equipment, firstly vacuumizing to discharge gas in pores of the carbon sliding plate, immersing the carbon sliding plate into copper liquid, and then introducing high-pressure gas of 2atm for infiltration treatment; and taking out the carbon sliding plate after 3min of treatment and cooling to obtain the copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate.

Comparative example: preparation of copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate without treatment of infiltration auxiliary agent

Placing the carbon sliding plate into copper leaching equipment, firstly vacuumizing to discharge gas in pores of the carbon sliding plate, immersing the carbon sliding plate into copper liquid, and then introducing high-pressure gas of 2atm for infiltration treatment; and taking out the carbon sliding plate after 3min of treatment and cooling to obtain the copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate.

According to the invention, the coating layer of the iron boride-silicon-magnesium-aluminum alloy is formed on the inner surface of the pore, so that the inner surface of the pore can be modified, the wetting angle of the inner surface of the pore is reduced, and the self-lubricating property is reduced, therefore, the copper liquid can be more easily infiltrated on the inner surface, and the copper liquid is favorably and completely filled in the pore.

The machined surface of the invention is the inner surface of the pore, and the traditional metal deposition or sputtering process is inconvenient to adopt, because the processes only treat the surface of the material and cannot treat the pore in a large area. The effective components of the invention comprise iron boride, which cannot be dissolved, and if the powder is directly added into pores, the dosage cannot be accurately controlled.

According to the invention, firstly, the iron boride and the magnesium aluminum silicate are melted into water to form a composite colloid, the colloid of the magnesium aluminum silicate has very high fluidity and thixotropy, so that the magnesium aluminum silicate can smoothly enter pores, the dosage entering the pores is easy to control, and large-area dosage difference is not easy to occur, namely, the dosage difference in each pore is large, and the condition that parameters such as the thickness of a coating film layer formed on the inner surface of each pore are different is avoided.

After the colloid enters the pores, the invention removes the water in the colloid by a high-temperature sintering method, and simultaneously forms a coating layer on the inner surface of the pores after the iron boride-silicon-magnesium aluminum is melted under the action of high temperature, and the coating layer changes the wetting characteristic between the surface and the copper liquid. As can be seen from comparison between FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the scanning electron microscope images of the graphite-based carbon sliding plate material of FIG. 1 are relatively flat and smooth, and the graphite-based carbon sliding plate material has good lubricating property and low frictional resistance. Fig. 2 is an electron microscope scanning image of the inner surface of the pores after being treated by the wetting assistant, and a partial area of the electron microscope scanning image is similar to that in fig. 1, which shows that the area is not completely coated, and the partial area has a larger difference from that in fig. 1 and has a certain three-dimensional shape, so that the smoothness of the whole area is reduced, which shows that the lubrication characteristic of the area is reduced, but the copper liquid is more easily wetted, and the copper liquid and the carbon sliding plate material are more easily wetted.

Experiment one: infiltration detection test

Experiment A: the base carbon skid of example 1 was immersed in the colloidal solution of the wetting assistant of example 2, treated under a high pressure of 2atm for 3min, and then taken out to be vacuum-sintered at 2000 ℃.

Experiment B: the base carbon sled of example 1 was taken.

Experimental equipment: SCA20 contact angle measuring instrument

The experimental method comprises the following steps:

a. selecting Session drop mode ;

b. opening a structure window to record the measurement result;

c. Control dialog box, clicking injection button, popping dialog box disconnect Units (right side ES 5 is connected to serial port 5 instead), inputting injection liquid drop volume in injection volume, selecting injection speed by speed gear, clicking injection button disconnect to inject; in the Device

d. And moving the solid platform upwards to ensure that the solid plane is in light touch with the liquid drop, and then, the liquid drop falls onto the solid plane to measure the contact angle.

The experimental results are as follows:

the wetting angle θ of the carbon slide plate of experiment a was 45 °; the wetting angle θ of the carbon slide plate of experiment B was 102 °.

It can be seen that the material of experiment B has a larger surface wetting angle than the material treated in experiment a, indicating that it has poor wetting properties. The difference of the experiment A compared with the experiment B is that the structure of the surface of the material is changed by the soaking and sintering process of the wetting auxiliary agent, the lubricity of the modified carbon sliding plate surface is reduced, but the wetting property is improved.

Experiment and: influence of different metal additives in the wetting auxiliary on the wetting effect

The basic carbon sliding plate was prepared by the method of example 1; preparation method of the wetting assistant refers to the method of example 2, and preparation method of the copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate refers to the preparation method of example 2. Different metal additives are selected from the infiltration auxiliary agent in the experiment, and the rest steps are the same; the detection method refers to experiment one. Experimental the ingredients of the two wetting aids are shown in table 1:

table 1: ingredient list of wetting assistant for experiment two

Group of	Component 1	Component 2
			First group	Iron boride powder 90g	Magnesium silicate and aluminum powder 10g
Second group	Silica 90g	Magnesium silicate and aluminum powder 10g
			Third group	Titanium powder (90 g)	Magnesium silicate and aluminum powder 10g
Fourth group	Chromium powder 90g	Magnesium silicate and aluminum powder 10g
			Fifth group	Iron powder 90g	Magnesium silicate and aluminum powder 10g

After the infiltration aid prepared from the five components is prepared into a colloidal solution by the method shown in example 2, the basic carbon sliding plate prepared in example 1 is put into the colloidal solution for treatment, the surface of the carbon sliding plate is detected after the treatment, the static contact angle of the surface is measured, and the detection result is shown in table 2.

Table 2: test result of experiment two

Group of	Contact angle
		First group	45
Second group	97
		Third group	88
Fourth group	93
		Fifth group	85

As can be seen from the above detection structure, the first group, i.e., the infiltration auxiliary of the present invention, has a good effect, and the remaining five groups have a poor improvement degree on the infiltration effect of the carbon sliding plate surface.

Experiment three: example 2 copper impregnated carbon skateboard Performance test

The performance of the copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate in the embodiment 2 is detected according to the national standard, and the detection result is as follows:

rockwell hardness: 7.2; resistivity 1.2 μ Ω m; compressive strength: 235 MPa;

carbon slide weight wear ratio: 78 g/kilometre; contact line wear ratio: 0.0124 mm square/ten thousand frames.

While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments, it should not be construed as limited to the scope of the present patent. Various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without inventive step within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate is characterized in that: comprises the following basic raw materials and infiltration auxiliary agent;

after high-temperature sintering treatment, adding a formed blank of a basic raw material into a dispersion liquid of the infiltration aid for high-pressure impregnation, taking out the basic carbon sliding plate after the impregnation is finished, cleaning the surface of the basic carbon sliding plate, and finally performing vacuum sintering to melt the infiltration aid and disperse the infiltration aid on the surface of the pores;

the basic raw materials comprise:

20-30 parts of asphalt coke; 10-15 parts of petroleum coke; 15-20 parts of crystalline flake graphite;

2-5 parts of carbon fiber; 10-20 parts of a binder; 5-10 parts of pore-forming agent;

the pore-forming agent is bamboo charcoal powder; the grain size of the bamboo charcoal powder is 200-300 meshes;

2. The copper impregnated carbon skid plate of claim 1, comprising:

2 parts of carbon fiber; 13 parts of a binder; 6 parts of a pore-forming agent;

3. The copper-impregnated carbon skid plate of claim 1, wherein: the binder is one of phenolic resin or urea-formaldehyde resin.

4. The copper-impregnated carbon skid plate of claim 3, wherein: the raw materials also comprise an external release agent, and the external release agent is one of polyvinyl alcohol, silicone oil or liquid paraffin.

5. A preparation method of a copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate comprises the following steps:

step (1), adding the basic raw materials for preparing the copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate into a kneading device according to the weight ratio, and uniformly mixing in the kneading device to obtain a mixture; the basic raw materials comprise pitch coke, petroleum coke, crystalline flake graphite, carbon fiber, a binder and a pore-forming agent; the pore-forming agent is bamboo charcoal powder; the grain size of the bamboo charcoal powder is 200-300 meshes;

compacting and shaping the mixture, and keeping the temperature and drying after shaping; obtaining a dry blank; then, drying the blank and carrying out high-pressure forming in a die to obtain a formed blank;

step (3) carrying out high-temperature sintering treatment on the formed blank, and gasifying the pore-forming agent in the formed blank to form pores in the formed blank so as to obtain the basic carbon sliding plate;

step (4), preparing a wetting auxiliary agent: dispersing magnesium silicate aluminum powder and iron boride powder into water to form a mixed solution with good fluidity, wherein the mixed solution is a dispersion solution of the infiltration aid;

the infiltration auxiliary agent comprises 80-95% of ferric boride; the balance of magnesium aluminum silicate;

step (5), putting the basic carbon sliding plate into the dispersion liquid of the infiltration aid, allowing the dispersion liquid of the infiltration aid to enter pores of the basic carbon sliding plate under a high-pressure condition, taking out the basic carbon sliding plate after impregnation is finished, cleaning the surface of the basic carbon sliding plate, cleaning the dispersion liquid of the infiltration aid on the surface, performing vacuum sintering, removing water in the pores, and allowing the infiltration aid to be dispersed on the surfaces of the pores after melting;

step (6) repeating step (5) for 3-4 times; obtaining a carbon sliding plate;

step (7) placing the carbon sliding plate into copper leaching equipment, firstly vacuumizing to discharge gas in pores of the carbon sliding plate, immersing the carbon sliding plate into copper liquid, and then introducing high-pressure gas to carry out infiltration treatment; and taking out the carbon sliding plate after the treatment is finished, and cooling to obtain the copper-impregnated carbon sliding plate.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the operation pressure of the compaction and shaping in the step (2) is 1 atm-2 atm, and the temperature of the heat preservation and drying is 50-100 ℃; the operation pressure in the forming process is 5 atm-10 atm; and an external release agent is coated in a mould in advance in the forming process, and the external release agent is one of polyvinyl alcohol, silicone oil or liquid paraffin.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein: the sintering temperature of the formed blank in the step (3) is 1200-1500 ℃.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein: the basic raw materials in the step (1) comprise the following components:

9. The method of claim 5, wherein: the preparation method of the infiltration aid in the step (4) comprises the following steps: 90g of iron boride powder and 10g of magnesium aluminum silicate powder are dispersed in 1000g of water and stirred to form a mixed solution with good fluidity, and the mixed solution is the infiltration aid dispersion solution.