CN110481016B - A large-scale 4D printing device and method for space weightlessness - Google Patents
A large-scale 4D printing device and method for space weightlessness Download PDFInfo
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- CN110481016B CN110481016B CN201810459449.2A CN201810459449A CN110481016B CN 110481016 B CN110481016 B CN 110481016B CN 201810459449 A CN201810459449 A CN 201810459449A CN 110481016 B CN110481016 B CN 110481016B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/295—Heating elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种用于空间失重状态下的大尺度4D打印装置及方法，所述装置包括底座、驱动机构、传送机构、加热机构、打印机构和收卷机构，当材料经过所述打印机构打印后，在所述驱动机构的动力作用下，通过所述传送机构传送至所述加热装置，最终经过所述收卷机构完成打印，所述方法在于，设计模型切片方式，在传送平台上3D打印，加热已打印完成部分，将已打印部分卷绕，本发明与现有技术比较，可以克服传统的打印机依靠吐丝自身重力下垂与结构粘接的缺点，完全适应空间失重环境，且能够及时将加热软化的已打印部分卷绕起来，节省空间，实现空间失重状态下的大尺度结构制作。
The present invention provides a large-scale 4D printing device and method in the state of weightlessness in space. The device includes a base, a driving mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a heating mechanism, a printing mechanism and a winding mechanism. When the material passes through the printing mechanism After printing, under the power of the driving mechanism, it is transmitted to the heating device through the conveying mechanism, and finally the printing is completed through the winding mechanism. Printing, heating the printed part, and winding the printed part. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can overcome the shortcomings of traditional printers relying on the spinning self-gravity to sag and bond the structure, fully adapt to the space weightless environment, and can timely The heated and softened printed part is rolled up to save space and realize large-scale structure fabrication in the state of space weightlessness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rapid prototyping, in particular to a large-scale 4D printing device and method used in a space weightless state.
Background
The 3D printing belongs to an additive manufacturing technology, and has the advantage of being capable of forming any shape compared with the traditional material reduction manufacturing, and the 4D printing refers to that the physical properties and functions (structure, form, size and the like) of a three-dimensional object obtained by 3D printing processing can be changed by self along with the change of time under specific environment and excitation (such as electricity, light, magnetism, water, heat, sound and the like). 4D printing is further development and perfection of 3D printing, and intelligent products with functions of self-assembly, self-unfolding, self-repairing and the like can be produced.
At present, the 3D printing technology generally adopts a three-degree-of-freedom motion mode, and the size of the nozzle motion space determines the maximum size of the printable structure. Due to the spatial structure, the maximum size of the printable structure can be increased only by increasing the printer structure, which limits the realization of 3D printing for large-size structures.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a large-scale 4D printing device used in a space weightless state, which aims to solve the problems that the existing 3D printing technology can not realize printing in the space weightless state and the size of a printing structure is strictly limited by the size of a printer. After the material is printed by the printing mechanism, the material is conveyed to the heating device through the conveying mechanism under the power action of the driving mechanism, and finally the material is printed by the winding mechanism.
Preferably, the heating mechanism includes a first heating member and a second heating member, the first heating member and the second heating member are respectively connected to the base, and the second heating member is disposed below the printing mechanism.
Preferably, the printing mechanism includes a printer and a pressing member, and the pressing member is connected to the printer head for applying pressure thereto while the printer head is moving.
Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the driving wheel is connected to the base through a driving wheel shaft, the driven wheel is connected to the base through a driven wheel shaft, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected through a transmission belt.
Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a first driving motor and a second driving motor, and the first driving motor and the second driving motor are respectively connected with the base.
Preferably, the driving mechanism further comprises a first driving belt and a second driving belt, the first driving motor is connected with the driving wheel through the first driving belt, and the second driving motor is connected with the winding mechanism through the second driving belt.
Preferably, the materials are thermoplastic and thermosetting shape memory polymers with shape memory effect and composites thereof.
A large-scale 4D printing method used in a space weightless state is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: designing a model slicing mode, importing the drawn model into the printer matching software, performing printing setting, and converting the model into a file format which can be recognized by the printer;
the second step is that: placing the material into the printer for structural printing to form a printed structure with an initial shape;
the third step: secondly, the printing structure with the initial shape is heated by the first heating part, conveyed by the conveying mechanism, heated by the second heating part and conveyed to the winding mechanism;
the fourth step: and finishing rolling to finally form the printing structure with the temporary shape.
Preferably, the heating temperature of the first heating member and the second heating member is higher than or equal to the glass transition temperature of the material and lower than or equal to the melting temperature of the material.
Preferably, the printing structure with the temporary shape in the fourth step can return to the original shape after being heated again.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the large-scale 4D printing device used in the space weightless state comprises a pressurizing component, wherein the pressurizing component is connected with a printer nozzle, and after spinning, the pressurizing component applies pressure along with the movement of the nozzle to ensure that the spun silk thread is firmly adhered to the next layer, so that the defect that the traditional printer depends on the self-gravity sagging of the spinning and the structural adhesion can be overcome, and the large-scale 4D printing device is completely suitable for the space weightless environment;
2. the large-scale 4D printing device used in the space weightless state comprises the heating mechanism, so that on one hand, the working platform is heated, printed silk threads can be better bonded on the conveying belt, the phenomenon of edge warping is prevented, on the other hand, the printed structure can be softened, and winding is facilitated.
3. The large-scale 4D printing device used in the space weightless state comprises the winding mechanism, and the printed part which is heated and softened can be wound in time, so that the space is saved, and the large-scale structure manufacturing in the space weightless state is realized.
4. The large-scale 4D printing method used in the space weightlessness state provided by the invention can realize printing of a large-size structure in the space weightlessness state, and is simple to operate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.
Fig. 1 is a front view of a large-scale 4D printing apparatus used in a spatial weightless state in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a left side view of a large-scale 4D printing apparatus used in a spatial weightless state in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a rear view of a large-scale 4D printing apparatus used in a spatial weightless state according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of a large-scale 4D printing apparatus used in a space weightless state according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a pressurizing device used in a large-scale 4D printing device in a spatial weightless state in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
wherein, 1-a base; 2-a printer; 3-driven wheel; 4-driven wheel shaft; 5-driving wheel; 6-driving wheel shaft; 7-a first drive belt; 8-a first heating member; 9-printing the structure; 10-a winding shaft; 11-a conveyor belt; 12-a second drive belt; 13-a second heating member; 14-a first screw; 15-a second screw; 16-a second drive motor; 17-a first drive motor; 18-a third screw; 19-a spray head; 20-a pressing member; 21-fifth screw; 22-fourth screw.
Detailed Description
The above and further features and advantages of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4,
fig. 1 is a front view of a large-scale 4D printing apparatus used in a weightless state in space in the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is a left side view of a large-scale 4D printing apparatus used in a space weightless state in the present embodiment;
fig. 3 is a rear view of a large-scale 4D printing apparatus used in a spatial weightless state in the present embodiment;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of a large-scale 4D printing apparatus used in a space weightless state according to this embodiment.
The embodiment provides a large-scale 4D printing device for space weightlessness, including base 1, actuating mechanism, transport mechanism, heating mechanism, printing mechanism and winding mechanism, just actuating mechanism transport mechanism heating mechanism printing mechanism with winding mechanism all sets up on the base 1, just actuating mechanism respectively with transport mechanism with winding mechanism is connected.
The conveying mechanism comprises a driving wheel 5 and a driven wheel 3, the driving wheel 5 is connected with the base 1 through a driving wheel shaft 6, the driven wheel 3 is connected with the base 1 through a driven wheel shaft 4, the driving wheel 5 is connected with the driven wheel 3 through a conveying belt 11, and the conveying belt 11 is tightened through the driving wheel 5 and the driven wheel 3.
The driving mechanism comprises a first driving motor 17, a second driving motor 16, a first driving belt 7 and a second driving belt 12, the first driving motor 17 is connected with the base 1 through a second screw 15, the second driving motor 16 is connected with the base 1 through a fifth screw 21, the first driving belt 7 drives the driving wheel 5 to rotate anticlockwise under the power action of the first driving motor 17, and the second driving belt 12 drives a winding shaft 10 of the winding mechanism to rotate clockwise under the power action of the second driving motor 16.
Referring to figure 5 of the drawings, in which,
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a pressurizing device in the large-scale 4D printing device used in a spatial weightless state in the present embodiment.
The printing mechanism comprises a printer 2 and a pressurizing part 20, the printer 2 is connected with the base 1 through a first screw 14, the pressurizing part 20 is connected with the printer nozzle 19 through a fourth screw 22, after spinning, along with the movement of the nozzle, the pressurizing part 20 applies pressure to enable the spun silk thread to be firmly adhered with the next layer, the defect that the traditional printer depends on the gravity sag of the spinning and the structural adhesion can be overcome, and the space weightlessness environment is completely adapted.
Heating mechanism includes first heater block 8 and second heater block 13, first heater block 8 passes through third screw 18 with the base is connected, second heater block 13 set up in printing mechanism's below makes bonding that the silk thread that prints out can be better on the conveyer belt, prevents to take place to stick up the phenomenon on limit, first heater block 8 sets up winding mechanism's preceding can make printing structure 9 soften, is convenient for convolute.
The working principle of the large-scale 4D printing device for the space weightless state provided by this embodiment is that after a material is printed by the printing mechanism, the material is conveyed to the heating device by the conveying mechanism under the power action of the driving mechanism, and finally the printing is completed by the winding mechanism.
Therefore, the large-scale 4D printing device used in the space weightless state provided by the invention comprises a pressurizing component 20 connected with the printer nozzle 19, and after spinning, along with the movement of the nozzle, the pressurizing component 20 applies pressure to enable the spun silk thread to be firmly adhered to the next layer, so that the defect that the traditional printer depends on the self-gravity sagging of the spinning and the structural adhesion can be overcome, and the large-scale 4D printing device is completely suitable for the space weightless environment; heating mechanism, on the one hand give work platform heating, make bonding that the silk thread that prints out can be better on the conveyer belt, prevent to take place to stick up the phenomenon on limit, on the other hand can make the structure softening who prints, is convenient for convolute. The winding mechanism can wind the heated and softened printed part in time, so that the space is saved, and the large-scale structure manufacturing under the space weightless state is realized.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a large-scale 4D printing method used in a space weightless state, which comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: designing a model slicing mode, importing the drawn model into the printer 2 matched software, performing printing setting, and converting the model into a file format which can be recognized by the printer;
the second step is that: placing the material into the printer 2 for structural printing to form a printing structure 9 with an initial shape; the printer 2 comprises a pressurizing component which is connected with the printer nozzle 19, after the silk is spun, along with the movement of the nozzle, the pressurizing component 20 applies pressure to enable the spun silk thread to be firmly adhered with the next layer, the defects that the traditional printer depends on the self gravity of the spinning to droop and the structure is adhered can be overcome, and the space weightlessness environment is completely adapted.
The third step: in the second step, the printing structure 9 in the initial shape is heated by the first heating component 8, then is conveyed by the conveying mechanism, is heated by the second heating component 13, and then is conveyed to the winding mechanism; twice heating, the first time heats work platform, and the silk thread that makes print out can be better bond on the conveyer belt, prevent to take place to stick up the phenomenon on limit, and the second time heating can make and print 9 softly, is convenient for convolute before the rolling. And the heating temperature of the two times of heating is above the glass transition temperature of the material and below the melting temperature of the material.
The fourth step: the winding is completed and the printing structure 9 with the temporary shape is finally formed. And the printing structure 9 of the temporary shape is heated again above the glass transition temperature of the material and can still return to the original shape after being below the melting temperature of the material.
The material is a thermoplastic and thermosetting shape memory polymer with a shape memory effect and a composite material thereof, the shape memory polymer is one of a styrene-based shape memory polymer, an epoxy resin-based shape memory polymer, a cyanate ester-based shape memory polymer, a shape memory polyester and a shape memory styrene-butadiene polymer, and the reinforced phase composite material is one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber, spandex fiber, Kevlar fiber, aramid fiber, graphite fiber or carbon nano tube.
Therefore, the large-scale 4D printing method used in the space weightlessness state provided by the invention can realize printing of a large-scale structure in the space weightlessness state, and is simple to operate.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, which is intended to be illustrative and not limiting. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications and equivalents may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A large-scale 4D printing device used in a space weightless state comprises a base, a driving mechanism and a printing mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism and the printing mechanism are arranged on the base; the printing mechanism comprises a printer and a pressurizing component, and the pressurizing component is connected with a printer nozzle and used for applying pressure to the printer nozzle while the printer nozzle moves; the conveying mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the driving wheel is connected with the base through a driving wheel shaft, the driven wheel is connected with the base through a driven wheel shaft, and the driving wheel is connected with the driven wheel through a conveying belt; after the material is printed by the printing mechanism, the material is conveyed to the heating mechanism through the conveying mechanism under the power action of the driving mechanism, and finally the printing is finished through the winding mechanism, and the material is thermoplastic and thermosetting shape memory polymer with a shape memory effect and a composite material thereof.
2. The large-scale 4D printing device used in the space weightless state according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a first driving motor and a second driving motor, and the first driving motor and the second driving motor are respectively connected to the base.
3. The large-scale 4D printing device used in the space weightless state according to claim 2, wherein the driving mechanism further comprises a first driving belt and a second driving belt, the first driving motor is connected with the driving wheel through the first driving belt, and the second driving motor is connected with the winding mechanism through the second driving belt.
4. A large-scale 4D printing method used in a space weightless state is based on the large-scale 4D printing device used in the space weightless state according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: designing a model slicing mode, importing the drawn model into printer matching software, performing printing setting, and converting the model into a file format which can be recognized by a printer;
the second step is that: placing the material into the printer for structural printing to form a printed structure with an initial shape;
the third step: secondly, the printing structure with the initial shape is heated by the first heating part, conveyed by the conveying mechanism, heated by the second heating part and conveyed to the winding mechanism;
the fourth step: and finishing rolling to finally form the printing structure with the temporary shape.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the heating temperature of the first and second heating members is above the glass transition temperature of the material and below the melting temperature of the material.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the printing structure with the temporary shape in the fourth step can return to the original shape after being heated again.
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| CN201810459449.2A CN110481016B (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2018-05-15 | A large-scale 4D printing device and method for space weightlessness |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103785833A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-05-14 | 江苏理工学院 | Multi-nozzle 3D printing device for aluminum alloy plates |
| CN106823016A (en) * | 2017-02-04 | 2017-06-13 | 同济大学 | Based on degradable self expandable 4D intravascular stents of shape memory polyurethane and preparation method thereof |
| CN107187044A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-09-22 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of rolling integrated ejecting device of 3D printing certainly available for material extrusion molding |
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- 2018-05-15 CN CN201810459449.2A patent/CN110481016B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103785833A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-05-14 | 江苏理工学院 | Multi-nozzle 3D printing device for aluminum alloy plates |
| CN106823016A (en) * | 2017-02-04 | 2017-06-13 | 同济大学 | Based on degradable self expandable 4D intravascular stents of shape memory polyurethane and preparation method thereof |
| CN107187044A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-09-22 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of rolling integrated ejecting device of 3D printing certainly available for material extrusion molding |
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