CN1104781A - An apparatus for controlling resource interchange equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

Subsystems , comprising supply facilities , buffer facilities , and consumption facilities , are connected through power interchange facilities . Power interchange facility flow rate commands , for a target object are delivered to the power interchange facilities , thus controlling the power interchange facility flow rates . In this regard, the power interchange amount control system is provided with a function for determining the power interchange facility flow rate commands , such that the balance between the supply amounts of a target object in the subsystems within a predetermined time range and the consumption amounts match a predetermined target balance.

Description

An apparatus for controlling resource interchange equipment

The present invention relates to a kind of comprising supply arrangement, consumer device and buffering equipment usage at interior a plurality of systems' quilts interconnected resource exchange system via switching equipment, or rather, relate to a kind of controlling resource switching equipment that is used for so that make the whole exchange system device of operation easily by control supply arrangement, switching equipment or consumer device under the constraint condition of independent operating as far as possible at each subsystem.

For example, such as pointed like that at 145-146 page or leaf in the black pool institute work " water resources " of storehouse bookstore publishing, Japanese clear water supply with and sewage disposal system conduct such as city, town or rural the cause foundation and the operation of region tissue.So these water systems are organized independent management by the region such as city, town or rural area at present, and owing to, be difficult to develop into a kind of operation of wide geographic area to the difference of the assessment of conventional device and fee system.

And, as show towards the black pool of storehouse bookstore publishing in " water resources " 119 pages pointed, though mix have different need the water characteristics in ripe, precocious and late-maturing crop, but because the irrigation water regulating system is incomplete, so begin to occur in each subregion, to guarantee the problem of peak water requirement.

And it is different that the chilled water in the chilled water water storage tank needs the water characteristic, depends on that demand is from the computer house of work in 24 hours or from the factory that works by day actually.

As mentioned above, Resource Exchange operation is still not general at present, even because the occasion that can carry out efficiently as a whole by the Resource Exchange between subsystem in the utilization of resource does not provide switching equipment as yet yet or do not set up switching method as yet.

The reason that this Resource Exchange is not general is the imperfection of switching equipment own, and Another reason is the switching method imperfection.The reason in back originates from just opposite principle, and a subsystem must lean on and self obtain necessary resource on the one hand, requires exchange resource as few as possible in other words; The utilization of resource can be carried out as a whole efficiently by the exchange of more active on the other hand, requires exchange resource as much as possible in other words.

The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of controlling resource switching equipment device that is used for, must lean on the principle that self obtains necessary resource though this device will be observed subsystem, the exchange operation by initiatively is utilized with can making the resource high-efficiency rate.

One of all characteristics, first characteristics are that the present invention comprises a plurality of by the supply arrangement that is used for supplying with physical resources at a kind of device-this device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment, being used for the buffer device and being used for of the physical resources that this supply arrangement of interim storage supplied with consumes the subsystem that the consumer device of the physical resources of interim storage in this buffer device is formed, be connected in each subsystem buffer device in case between each subsystem the switching equipment of exchange resource, and exchange capacity control system that is used for controlling resource-in provide a usefulness to decide the target exchange capacity so as to make the supply of each subsystem physical resources within the predetermined time and consume between balance meet the device of target balance, and one is used for sending the device of all instructions of target exchange capacity of physical resources to switching equipment from controlling the exchange capacity control system that this physical resources uses.

And, second characteristic is to comprise a plurality of by the supply arrangement that is used for supplying with physical resources at a kind of device-this device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment, being used for the buffer device and being used for of the physical resources that this supply arrangement of interim storage supplied with consumes the subsystem that the consumer device of the physical resources of interim storage in buffer device is formed, the buffer device that is connected in each subsystem is so that exchange and the switching equipment that is stored in corresponding this resource of physical resources amount in the buffer device between each subsystem, and exchange capacity control system that is used for controlling this resource-in provide a usefulness to decide the target quantity delivered so as to make the supply of physical resources in each subsystem within the predetermined time and consume between balance meet the device of target balance, and one is used for sending the device of physical resources target quantity delivered instruction to supply arrangement from the exchange capacity control system that the control physical resources is used.

And, the 3rd characteristics are to comprise a plurality of by the supply arrangement that is used for supplying with physical resources at a kind of device-this device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment, being used for the buffer device and being used for of the physical resources that this supply arrangement of interim storage supplied with consumes the subsystem that the consumer device of the physical resources of interim storage in buffer device is formed, be connected in each subsystem buffer device in case between each subsystem exchange be stored in the switching equipment of corresponding this resource of physical resources amount in the buffer device, and exchange capacity control system that is used for controlling this resource-in provide a usefulness to decide the target consumption to be used for sending the device that physical resources target consumption instructs to consumer device from the exchange capacity control system that the control physical resources is used so that make the supply of physical resources in each subsystem and balance between consuming meet the device of target balance and one within the predetermined time.

In addition, the 4th characteristics are to comprise the supply arrangement that is used for supplying with physical resources by a plurality of at a kind of device-this device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment, being used for the buffer device and being used for of the physical resources that this supply arrangement of interim storage supplied with consumes the subsystem that the consumer device of the physical resources of interim storage in buffer device is formed, and be connected in each subsystem buffer device in case between each subsystem exchange and first switching equipment that is stored in corresponding this resource of physical resources amount in the buffer device-in provide a kind of and parallel second switching equipment of arranging of first switching equipment and one to be used for sending the device of target exchange capacity instruction to second switching equipment by the exchange capacity of visiting first switching equipment then.

In the present invention, problem is expressed as clearly and " makes quantity delivered, consumption or exchange capacity approach each desired value under constraint condition as far as possible, promptly make exchange equilibrium little as can to ignore in the given time." and obtain the Resource Exchange method by finding the solution this problem.Can point out, make exchange equilibrium approach little negligible amount by exchange resource, subsystem can be supplied with the resource that self consumes and become easier by making supply, consumption or exchange capacity approach the operation that desired value makes exchange system.Especially,, can obtain payment effect, be easier to thereby the balance that keeps demand and supply is become to random noise by exchanging the random noise component resource that those usually cause that demand and supply is unbalance on one's own initiative.

In the parallel occasion that two switching equipment unit are set, a partial control system can be set control each second switching equipment, so that exchange the two target switching traffic and the switching traffic of detected first module poor of Unit first and second by second unit, so, the parallel Unit first and second that are provided with can be treated and be controlled by the global control system of the whole switching equipment of a control system as a unit, thereby whole exchange control system is controlled easily.

Fig. 1 represents that wherein switching equipment is by the system construction drawing of a directly actuated embodiment;

The curve map of prediction physical resources consumption in Fig. 2 (a) expression subsystem 1;

The curve map of prediction physical resources consumption in Fig. 2 (b) expression subsystem 2;

The curve map of prediction physical resources consumption in Fig. 2 (c) expression subsystem 3;

The curve map of physical resources quantity delivered prediction and that want in Fig. 3 (a) expression subsystem 1;

The curve map of physical resources quantity delivered prediction and that want in Fig. 3 (b) expression subsystem 2;

The curve map of physical resources quantity delivered prediction and that want in Fig. 3 (c) expression subsystem 3;

The curve map of target exchange capacity in Fig. 4 (a) expression subsystem 1;

The curve map of target exchange capacity in Fig. 4 (b) expression subsystem 2;

The curve map of target exchange capacity in Fig. 4 (c) expression subsystem 3;

The curve map of target exchange capacity and exchange capacity plan in Fig. 5 (a) expression subsystem 1;

The curve map of target exchange capacity and exchange capacity plan in Fig. 5 (b) expression subsystem 2;

The curve map of target exchange capacity and exchange capacity plan in Fig. 5 (c) expression subsystem 3;

The curve map of forecast consumption, the supply of wanting and supply plan in Fig. 6 (a) expression subsystem 1;

The curve map of forecast consumption, the supply of wanting and supply plan in Fig. 6 (b) expression subsystem 2;

The curve map of forecast consumption, the supply of wanting and supply plan in Fig. 6 (c) expression subsystem 3;

The curve map of target exchange capacity instruction in Fig. 7 (a) expression switching equipment 104;

The curve map of target exchange capacity instruction in Fig. 7 (b) expression switching equipment 105;

The curve map of prediction and consumption reality in Fig. 8 (a) expression subsystem 1;

The curve map of prediction and consumption reality in Fig. 8 (b) expression subsystem 2;

The curve map of prediction and consumption reality in Fig. 8 (c) expression subsystem 3;

The curve map of target exchange capacity before the online correction and afterwards in Fig. 9 (a) expression subsystem 1;

The curve map of target exchange capacity before the online correction and afterwards in Fig. 9 (b) expression subsystem 2;

The curve map of target exchange capacity before the online correction and afterwards in Fig. 9 (c) expression subsystem 3;

The curve map of plan and target exchange capacity in Figure 10 (a) expression subsystem 1;

The curve map of plan and target exchange capacity in Figure 10 (b) expression subsystem 2;

The curve map of plan and target exchange capacity in Figure 10 (c) expression subsystem 3;

The curve map of old and new scheduled net interchange in Figure 11 (a) expression subsystem 1;

The curve map of old and new scheduled net interchange in Figure 11 (b) expression subsystem 2;

The curve map of old and new scheduled net interchange in Figure 11 (c) expression subsystem 3;

The curve map of online revised exchange capacity in Figure 12 (a) expression switching equipment 104;

The curve map of online revised exchange capacity in Figure 12 (b) expression switching equipment 105;

Figure 13 represents that wherein supply arrangement is by the system construction drawing of a directly actuated embodiment;

The curve map that comprises the physical resources consumption of random noise component in Figure 14 (a) expression subsystem 1;

The curve map that comprises the physical resources consumption of random noise component in Figure 14 (b) expression subsystem 2;

The curve map that comprises the physical resources consumption of random noise component in Figure 14 (c) expression subsystem 3;

Figure 15 is the system construction drawing that expression contains the exchange system of first and second switching equipment;

Figure 16 is expression by the exchange capacity control system and contains the system construction drawing of the total system that the exchange system of first and second switching equipment forms;

Figure 17 (a) is the system construction drawing that expression is used for the control system of switching equipment 401;

Figure 17 (b) is the system construction drawing that expression is used for the control system of switching equipment 402;

Figure 18 (a) is illustrated in day diminishing amount variation diagram among a year of rice cultivation;

Figure 18 (b) is a day diminishing amount variation diagram among a year of rice growing in being illustrated in;

Figure 18 (c) is illustrated in day diminishing amount variation diagram among a year of rice growing early;

Figure 19 is the system construction drawing that expression is used for the total system of being made up of exchange capacity control system and exchange system of rice cropping;

Figure 20 is the system construction drawing that expression is used for the total system of being made up of exchange capacity control system and exchange system of water supply and sewerage system;

Figure 21 (a) is an electricity needs variation characteristic exemplary plot in the regional A of expression;

Figure 21 (b) is an electricity needs variation characteristic exemplary plot in the regional B of expression;

Figure 22 is the system construction drawing that expression is used for the total system of being made up of exchange capacity control system and exchange system of electric power supply system;

Figure 23 (a) is the exemplary plot of the commercial hot water demand's variation characteristic of expression;

Figure 23 (b) is the exemplary plot of expression domestic hot water changes in demand characteristic;

Figure 24 is the system construction drawing that expression is used for hot-water supply system's the total system of being made up of exchange capacity control system and exchange system;

Figure 25 (a) is the exemplary plot of the computer house chilled water changes in demand characteristic of expression work in 24 hours;

Figure 25 (b) is the exemplary plot of factory's chilled water changes in demand characteristic of working by day of expression;

Figure 26 is the system construction drawing that expression is used for the total system of being made up of exchange capacity control system and exchange system of chilled water feed system.

Contrast accompanying drawing according to all embodiment below and explain details of the present invention.

At first, utilize Fig. 1 to explain the general structure of the system that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment of the present invention.An exchange system 100 comprises subsystem 101,102 and 103, and switching equipment 104 and 105.Though in general this exchange system has a plurality of via the interconnected subsystem of switching equipment, for ease of understanding, shown in Figure 1 one by three subsystems and two examples that the switching equipment unit is formed.

Subsystem 101 is made up of supply arrangement 101a, buffer device 101b and consumer device 101c, and subsystem 102 is made up of supply arrangement 102a, buffer device 102b and consumer device 102c.And subsystem 103 is made up of supply arrangement 103a, buffer device 103b and consumer device 103c.And supply arrangement 101a supplies with physical resources amount 101d to buffer device 101b, and supply arrangement 102a supplies with physical resources amount 102d to buffer device 102b, and supply arrangement 103a supplies with physical resources amount 103d to buffer device 103b.And buffer device 101b supplies with physical resources amount 101e to consumer device 101c, and buffer device 102b supplies with physical resources amount 102e to consumer device 102c, and buffer device 103b supplies with physical resources amount 103e to consumer device 103c.

In addition, the flow 104f of the switching equipment between switching equipment 104 management buffer device 101b and the 102b, and the flow 105f of the switching equipment between switching equipment 105 management buffer device 102b and the 103b.

In this embodiment, control this exchange system 100 with an exchange capacity control system 110.This exchange capacity control system 110 comprises the flow plan part 116 of a physical resources quantity delivered predicted portions 111, physical resources consumption predicted portions 112, target exchange capacity setting section 113, target balance setting section 114, an exchange plan part 115 and a switching equipment.Physical resources quantity delivered predicted portions 111 produces all predicted value 121d-123d of the physical resources quantity delivered 101d-103d among the supply arrangement 101a-103a.Physical resources consumption predicted portions 112 produces all predicted value 121e-123e of the physical resources consumption 101e-103e among the consumer device 101c-103c.

As a kind of device of realizing physical resources quantity delivered predicted portions 111 and physical resources consumption predicted portions 112, for example, method or the heuristic Forecasting Methodology that the 169-197 page or leaf is mentioned in " electric system engineering " that the pass root that electric academy publishes is shown may be suitable for.These forecast functions are not absolutely necessary, if target exchange capacity setting section of hereinafter mentioning 113 and exchange capacity plan part 115 do not need forecast function, that does not just adopt.

Target exchange capacity setting section 113 is set all target exchange capacity 131-133 of each subsystem 101-103.Target balance setting section 114 uses each predicted value 121d-123d and 121e-123e when needed and does not use them when not required.This target balance setting section 114 is set each desired value of the exchange equilibrium of each subsystem 101-103 in the schedule time.Exchange capacity plan part 115 is formulated the exchange capacity plan 151-153 that approaches target exchange capacity 131-133 as far as possible under the constraint condition that keeps target balance 141-143.The flow plan part 116 of switching equipment is drafted switching equipment flow instruction 104g and 105g and they is sent to each switching equipment 104 and 105.

(first embodiment)

Explain the present invention with concrete example below.At first, physical resources supply predicted portions 111 produces the predicted value 121d-123d of the physical resources quantity delivered 101d-103d among the supply arrangement 101a-103a.Can enumerate the cogeneration system that maybe can utilize reverse tide current by the electric power supply factory of wind-power electricity generation as the example that needs physical resources availability forecast part 111.As for the reservoir of supplying with by the rainwater that is not a kind of facility but a kind of natural structure, then should obtain the prediction of rainfall amount.In this embodiment, suppose that each supply arrangement 101a-103a can freely control to a certain extent, so that timely provisioning resources always.According to this supposition, physical resources quantity delivered predicted portions 111 is thrown aside.

Physical resources consumption predicted portions 112 produces the predicted value 121e-123e of physical resources consumption 101e-103e among the physical resources consumer device 101c-103c.As the example that needs physical resources consumption predicted portions 112, can enumerate the consumption prediction of chilled water or electric power.So, suppose that this physical resources consumption predicted shown in Fig. 2 (a)-2(c) by physical resources consumption forecast part 112.

This target exchange capacity setting section 113 is set each target exchange capacity 131-133 of each subsystem 101-103.Only consider when setting each target exchange capacity each subsystem separately facility and no matter such as " exchange is sent from that subsystem? " or " using which switching equipment? " and so on condition.So, suppose physical resources quantity delivered 101d-103d, for the purpose of the convenience of supply arrangement 101a-103a, and untimely change and preferably wish to be done shown in solid line 161-163 among Fig. 3 (a)-3(c).In addition, suppose that each capacity of buffer device 101b-103b is very little and require they each constantly and in each subsystem, all keeps consuming and supply between balance.This supposition is applicable to that a boiler in the heating system is difficult to change and the little occasion of the capacity of its hot-water storage case rapidly.

Consider above-mentioned supposition, target exchange capacity setting section 113, according to the solid line 161-163 shown in Fig. 3 (a)-3(c) and the difference between the dotted line 121e-123e constantly and the strategy that in each subsystem, is all covered by the clearing house at each, set each target exchange capacity of each subsystem, shown in curve 131-133 among Fig. 4 (a)-4(c).The following all methods that are not used for this embodiment also can be used as a kind of method that is adopted by target exchange capacity setting section 113.A method is, if owing to the capabilities limits of supply arrangement 101a-103a can not change each quantity delivered 101d-103d rapidly, then only each slow change component of extracting is set at target exchange capacity 131-133 from predicted value 121e-123e.As a kind of like this method, can be used as example and enumerate " the described method of moving average of 384-386 page or leaf or the exponential smoothing in the systems technology handbook that the bamboo village that can publish in the Japan Ricoh publication is shown.Another kind method is to make the method that comprehensive judgement determines target exchange capacity 131-133 heuristicly by the people with the experience of changing.

This target balance setting section 114 is set each desired value 141-143 of exchange equilibrium among the subsystem 101-103.This schedule time is equivalent to be carved into from first o'clock in all curve maps the time interval in the 4th moment in this embodiment.In this embodiment, the strategy of the resource that it self is consumed according to each subsystem supply is set at zero to each target balance 141-143.A kind of like this strategy can be used for when three building branches that have a heating system by different company managements and be equipped be used between the building exchange hot water have the pipeline of pump the time, wish the heat-water balance of every day is set at the occasion of O.So, though general not necessarily to all subsystems target setting balance all when of the present invention in utilization, in this embodiment all three subsystems have all been set target balance 141-143.

This exchange capacity plan part 115 is drafted the exchange capacity plan 151-153 that approaches target exchange capacity 131-133 as far as possible under the constraint that keeps target balance 141-143.This exchange capacity plan is with the plan that decides the physical resources amount that need exchange between each subsystem.At this moment, exchange capacity do not determine as yet in the works a subsystem to or which system to send or to receive physical resources from.This embodiment uses following method.In other words, exchange capacity plan problem is expressed as following system of equations 1 and separating as this exchange capacity plan 151-153 system of equations 1 clearly.

System of equations 1:

Problem is the X that will obtain to make the performance function minimum _Ij(i=1-T, j=1-N).

Performance function: $\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{i=1}{\overset{T}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(X_{\mathrm{ij}}-A_{\mathrm{ij}})}^2---\left(1\right)$

And,

First constraint: $\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{X}_{\mathrm{ij}}=0(i=1-T)---\left(2\right)$

Second constraint: $\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{X}_{\mathrm{ij}}=B_j(j=1-N)---\left(3\right)$

In the formula

N: subsystem number (three subsystems)

T: the schedule time (four moment)

X _Ij: j subsystem is in i exchange capacity plan (151-153) constantly

A _Ij: j subsystem is at i target exchange capacity (131-133) constantly

B _j: the target balance of j subsystem (being all 0)

The problem of system of equations 1 can with the bamboo village of Japan Ricoh publication meeting shown " the described undetermined multipliers Lagrangian method of 244-248 page or leaf is found the solution in the systems technology handbook.In this system of equations, the performance function representative should make exchange capacity 151-153 as far as possible near this requirement of target exchange capacity 131-133.And first constraint is equivalent to Kirchhoff's law.Second constraint is to make the balance of the exchange capacity plan 151-153 among the subsystem 101-103 meet the constraint of this target balance.

So, obtain separating of system of equations 1, i.e. exchange capacity plan 151-153 shown in Fig. 5 (a)-5(c).Fig. 5 (a)-5(c) show has obtained approaching the exchange capacity plan 151-153 of target exchange capacity 131-133.Be arranged on the occasion of a plurality of heating systems in many buildings at exchange system in kind, respectively separate the planned value of exchange hot water between corresponding each building.Though in this planned value, do not stipulate as yet to or from which building exchange hot water, owing to considered Kirchhoff's law, the balance of exchange resource is guaranteed in the whole housing-group.As a reference, each quantity delivered that when carrying out exchange capacity plan 151-153, obtains with Fig. 6 (a)-6(c) in each solid line 171-173 represent and their quantity delivered 161-163 of approaching respectively to want.Do not consider if do not exchange and to be expressly understood the influence of exchange to this fact of consumer device availability forecast consumption 121e-123e.Hereinafter, this value 171-173 is called the plan quantity delivered.

The flow plan part 116 of switching equipment is drafted switching equipment flow instruction 104g and 105g so that switching equipment 104 and 105 is carried out exchange capacity plan 151-153 above-mentioned, in other words, it determines the physical resources amount that each will exchange between a pair of subsystem.This embodiment is used for the solution approach of switching equipment flow plan part 116 with following method conduct.In other words, switching equipment flow plan problem clearly is expressed as following system of equations 2 and separating as switching equipment flow plan 104g and 105g system of equations 2.

System of equations 2:

Problem is the Y that will obtain to make the performance function minimum _Ijk(i=1-T, j=1-N, k=1-N).

Performance function: $\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{k=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{i=1}{\overset{T}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{Y_{\mathrm{ijk}}}^2---\left(4\right)$

And,

First constraint: (i=1-T, j=1-N) ... (5)

Second constraint: the Y _Ijk=-Y _Ijk(i=1-T, j=1-N, k=1-N) ... (6)

The 3rd constraint: Y _Ijk=0(7)

(if not having directly to connect the switching equipment of j subsystem and k subsystem)

In the formula

N: subsystem number (three subsystems)

T: the schedule time (four moment)

X _Ij: j subsystem is in i exchange capacity plan (151-153) constantly

Y _Ijk: for i constantly the switching equipment flow instruction that to k subsystem switching equipment sent from j subsystem of exchange resource (104g, 105g)

The problem of system of equations 2 is as system of equations 1, also can with the bamboo village that the Japan Ricoh publication can be published shown " the described undetermined multipliers Lagrangian method of 244-248 page or leaf is found the solution in the systems technology handbook.In system of equations 2, performance function represents switching equipment flow instruction 104g and the 105g should as far as possible little this requirement.First constraint is established for each exchange capacity plan 151-153 that each switching equipment flow sum is met among the subsystem 101-103.Second constraint is in order to keep the physics consistance to establish when considering the direction of each switching equipment stream.The 3rd constraint representation steering order can not be sent to non-existent switching equipment certainly.If exchange system does not comprise loop configuration, then only can obtain separating of the problem that provides by system of equations 2 uniquely from these constraints.Because structure shown in Figure 1 does not comprise loop configuration, so only can obtain switching equipment flow instruction 104a and 105g uniquely from constraint, its result is as Fig. 7 (a) with 7(b).At exchange system is the occasion that is used for by total heating system in interconnected many buildings of pipeline of being with pump, and then the hot water that will flow in the pipeline of band pump be provided by above-mentioned separating.In order to make picture X _IjAnd so on the parameter of subscripting and the relation between the numeral of picture 151-153 and so on clearer and more definite, A _IjThe relation of aspect gathers and is described in table 1, B _jThe relation of aspect gathers and is described in table 2, X _IjThe relation of aspect gathers and is described in table 3 and Y _IjkThe relation of aspect gathers and is described in table 4.And all relations of second constraint and second constraint are significantly, the Therefore, omited.

Table 1 target exchange capacity A _Ij

	Target exchange A ij	Moment i=1	Moment i=2	Moment i=3	Moment i=4
						131	Subsystem 101 j=1	-10	50	-30	-10
132	Subsystem 1021 j=2	-30	-10	10	30
						133	Subsystem 103 j=3	50	-30	-10	-10

Table 2 target balance B _j

Target balance B j	-------------------
		Subsystem 101, j=1	0
Subsystem 102, j=2	0
		Subsystem 103, j=3	0

The plan of table 3 exchange capacity

	Exchange capacity plan X ij	Moment i=1	Moment i=2	Moment i=3	Moment i=4
						151	Subsystem 101 j=1	-3.33	43.33	-16.67	-23.33
152	Subsystem 102 j=2	-23.33	-16.67	23.33	16.67
						153	Subsystem 103 j=3	26.67	-26.67	6.67	6.67

4 switching equipment flow instruction Y _Ijk(Y _Ijk: for the switching equipment flow instruction that resource is sent to k subsystem and to switching equipment from j sub-system flow)

	Switching equipment flow instruction Y ijk	Moment i=1	Moment i=2	Moment i=3	Moment i=4
						104g	j?=?1,k?=?2	-3.33	44.33	-16.67	-23.33
105g	j?=?2,k?=?3	26.67	-26.67	-6.67	6.67

Second constraint of this system of equations is the constraint about the summation of scheduled net interchange, if the characteristic of exchange capacity is in time and different, then this summation can consumption X _IjMultiply by weighting factor draws.In this case, said method also can be used to find the solution problem.

Performance function in the system of equations 1 and 2 can freely be set, and if this problem can not be used analytical method solving, then the described nonlinear optimization method of 61-67 page or leaf is found the solution in " optimization " of showing with the western river of rock ripple bookstore publishing.

The foregoing description is an example, wherein predicts earlier and then switching equipment flow instruction 104g and 105g is planned the predicted value 121e-123e that physical resources consumes with predicted value 121e-123e to be consistent.This process also is applicable to such occasion, promptly predicts earlier and then switching equipment flow instruction 104g and 105g is planned the predicted value 121d-123d that physical resources is supplied with predicted value 121d-123d to be consistent.

As mentioned above, might be smoothed to quantity delivered shown in curve among Fig. 6 (a)-6(c) and each subsystem can both obtain such switching equipment flow, promptly this subsystem changes by the consumption of self supplying with it.

(second embodiment)

This embodiment is an example, though the i.e. plan that is provided in first embodiment is performed the moment 2, but because the difference between actual physical resources consumption 201e-203e and the prediction physical resources consumption 121e-123e is extended, so need to revise plan.

In Fig. 8 (a)-8(c), represented actual physical resources consumption 201e-203e up to the moment 2.In other words, constantly 2, actual result is higher by 40 than predicted value in subsystem 101, in the 2nd subsystem actual result than predicted value high 20 and in the 3rd subsystem actual result than predicted value low 20.So, suppose that physical resources quantity delivered 101d-103d and switching equipment flow 104f and 105f are respectively successively from plan quantity delivered 171-173 and switching equipment flow instruction 104g and 105g.In the case, compensate actual physical resources consumption 201e-203e and the difference of predicting between the physical resources consumption 121e-123e by increasing or reduce the resource of interim storage in buffer device 101b-103b.In the little occasion of the capacity of each buffer device owing to do not wish to increase or reduces the resource of interim storage in buffer device, need constantly 3 and moment 4 amount of each buffer device is returned to each original vol.So target exchange capacity setting section 113 is set each target exchange capacity for shown in Fig. 9 (a)-9(c) solid line 211-213 respectively.Target exchange capacity 211-213 be modified into constantly 3 only revise between actual result and the predicted value difference and constantly 4 keep switching equipment flow instruction 104g and 105g just the same as before.

This target balance setting section 114 is being revised each target balance during 3 to the moment 4 constantly.In order to make constantly 1 to be zero to the target balance during 4 constantly, need be constantly 3 to the target balance of setting during 4 constantly shown in Fig. 9 (a)-9(c) and table 5.The purpose of target balance shown in target setting exchange capacity and the table 5 is to recover the interim storage resource of buffer device, 1 is that situation under the zero constraint is the same to making total exchange capacity constantly during 4 just as them constantly.

Table 5 target balance b _j

Target balance b j	----------------
		Subsystem 101, j=1	-?40
Subsystem 102, j=2	40
		Subsystem 102, j=3	0

This exchange capacity plan part is drafted the exchange capacity plan 221-223 that approaches target exchange capacity 211-213 as far as possible under the constraint that keeps the target balance.In this embodiment as first embodiment also separating as exchange capacity plan 221-223.

System of equations 3:

Problem is the X that will obtain to make the performance function minimum _Ij(i=3-T, j=1-N).

Performance function $\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{i=3}{\overset{T}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(X_{\mathrm{ij}}-a_{\mathrm{ij}})}^2---\left(8\right)$

And,

First constraint: $\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{X}_{\mathrm{ij}}=0(i=3-T)---\left(9\right)$

Second constraint: $\underset{i=3}{\overset{T}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{X}_{\mathrm{ij}}=b_j(j=1-N)---\left(10\right)$

In the formula

N: subsystem number (three subsystems)

T: the schedule time (four moment)

X _Ij: j subsystem is in i exchange capacity plan (221-223) constantly

a _Ij: j subsystem is at i target exchange capacity (211-213) constantly

b _j: the target balance (as shown in table 5) of j subsystem

By finding the solution, obtain exchange capacity plan 221-223, shown in Figure 10 (a)-10(c) by the given problem of system of equations 3.Exchange capacity plan 221-223 that newly obtains and original exchange capacity plan 131-133 are shown among Figure 11 (a)-11(c), and these figure only represent that exchange capacity plan 151-153 is in 3 and constantly 4 plan constantly.When being compared with original old exchange capacity plan 231, the revised new exchange capacity plan 221 shown in Figure 11 (a) can see that expenditure exchange capacity 221 is paid exchange capacity 221 in 3 minimizings constantly to be increased in the moment 4.The expenditure exchange capacity is 2 to consume the interim storage resource that surpasses premeasuring constantly because of system in 3 minimizings constantly, need pay resources in 3 minimizings constantly and not reduce the resource of interim storage in buffer device.The expenditure exchange capacity is because an output in 3 minimizings constantly, is the zero expenditure exchange capacity that needs to increase for making exchange equilibrium in the moment 4 increase.Figure 11 (b) and 11(c) shown in the trend of other curves show that shown in the above analysis of system action, the correction of exchange plan is rational.

Be used to carry out the switching equipment flow instruction 204g of exchange capacity plan 221-223 of correction and 205g and be shown in Figure 12 (a) and 12(b).

According to the foregoing description, might revise exchange capacity and reasonably adjust these exchange capacities by considering the difference between actual result and the forecast consumption.

(the 3rd embodiment)

By send to supply arrangement 101a-103a quantity delivered instruction 101h-103h control switching equipment flow 104f and 105f such system formation as shown in Figure 13.Suppose that the exchange capacity plan obtains among first embodiment as, then problem is defined as drafting quantity delivered plan 101h-103h to realize the plan shown in Fig. 5 (a)-5(c).Numeral 301-303 represents to be stored in the physical resources among the buffer device 101b-103b.And the exchange capacity 311-313 that presupposes subsystem 101-103 is determined by following formula.

$f_i={-S}_i+(\underset{m=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(S_m-d_m)/N)---\left(11\right)$

In the formula

N: subsystem number

f _i: the exchange capacity of i subsystem (+average income)

S _i: from the quantity delivered of the supply arrangement of i subsystem

d _i: the consumption of the consumer device of i subsystem

The problem that obtains the quantity delivered instruction is expressed as system of equations 4 clearly, and separating as quantity delivered instruction 101h-103h problem.

System of equations 4:

Problem is the X that will obtain to make the performance function minimum _Ij(i=1-T, j=1-N).

Performance function: $\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{i=1}{\overset{T}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(S_{\mathrm{ij}}-d_{\mathrm{ij}})}^2{(s_{\mathrm{ij}}-d_{\mathrm{ij}})}^2---\left(12\right)$

And,

Constraint: $X_{\mathrm{ij}}=-S_{\mathrm{ij}}+(\underset{n=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(S_{\mathrm{im}}-d_{\mathrm{im}})/N)(i=1-T)---\left(13\right)$

In the formula,

N: subsystem number (three subsystems)

T: the schedule time (four moment)

X _Ij: j subsystem is in i exchange capacity plan (151-153) constantly

S _Ij: j subsystem is in i quantity delivered (101h-103h) constantly

d _Ij: j subsystem is at i consumption (121e-123e) constantly

The problem of system of equations 4 can be resolved with the Lagrangian method of undetermined multipliers and be found the solution; If this problem can not be used analytical method solving, then " optimization " the middle described nonlinear optimization method of 61-67 page or leaf of showing with the western river of rock ripple bookstore publishing is found the solution.

By utilization the foregoing description, might control supply to such an extent that to make the exchange equilibrium of each subsystem all be zero.

Hereinafter, the present invention handles the situation of change shown in curve 121e-123e among Fig. 2 (a)-2(c) of its consumption.When even the random noise component is superimposed among Fig. 2 the consumption shown in the curve 121e-123e, in other words, even the variation of consumption is shown in curve 121e-123e among Figure 14 (a)-14(c) time, above resulting separate also be suitable for, because the positive and negative component of random noise is in certain mutually offsetting for a long time, the random noise component does not influence exchange equilibrium.Thereby physical resources availability forecast part 111 and consumption forecast part 112 only need to predict from the quantity delivered of wherein having deducted the random noise component or the trend of consumption.

(the 4th embodiment)

In embodiment as shown in figure 15, and may be used for by receiving second switching equipment 108 and 109 of switching equipment flow instruction with the control exchange capacity by directly actuated first switching equipment 106 of switching equipment flow instruction and 107 parallel being provided with.

Following method is provided.First switching equipment 106 and second switching equipment 108 are treated as a switching equipment group 401, and first switching equipment 107 and second switching equipment 109 are treated as another switching equipment group 402.In this case, as shown in Figure 16, by in switching equipment group 401 and 402 each is treated as a switching equipment unit, then this exchange system can be as working in first and second embodiment.And switching equipment group 401 and 402 has as Figure 17 (a) and the structure 17(b), and their central each all need the difference of the switching equipment flow of the switching equipment flow instruction and first switching equipment is spread out to second switching equipment.As Figure 17 (a) with 17(b), a control module 411 that is used for second switching equipment receives switching equipment flow instruction 401g, survey the first switching equipment flow 106f and the difference of the switching equipment flow instruction 401g and the first switching equipment flow 106f is sent as the second switching equipment flow instruction 108g.A control module 412 that is used for another second switching equipment is worked as the control module 411 that is used for second switching equipment.Do not needing to make exchange equilibrium meet the occasion of target balance, the exchange capacity control system is not used to plan switching equipment flow instruction 401g and 402g all the time.In this occasion, if each switching equipment only just like Figure 17 (a) with the structure 17(b), then can be according to switching equipment flow instruction 401g or 402g control each switching equipment arbitrarily.

According to the foregoing description,, also might control switching traffic by using the switching equipment flow instruction even can not directly control the original switching amount.

If the first switching equipment flow 106f that detects comprises the random noise component, then obtain the second switching equipment flow instruction 108g by deduction random noise component.One of its reason is that the positive and negative component of random noise mutually offsets in long-time certain, so the random noise component does not influence exchange equilibrium.Another reason is along with the exchange quantity of being made up of many subsystems becomes bigger, and the influence of random noise mutually offsets in a period of time more in a plurality of subsystems.This influence, for instance, the pass root of publishing in electric academy is shown in " electric system engineering " 49 pages description.

(the 5th embodiment)

Such as towards the black pool of storehouse bookstore publishing in the work " water resources " as described in the 118-120 page or leaf, in rice cropping, owing to be necessary to adjust the cultivation time of other profitability crops rice-cultivating and that before or after rice cropping, cultivate, so carry out in early rice or the rice cultivation sometimes.Late rice, semilate rice with early in the rice growing, diminishing amount every day (water requirement) figure in season has nothing in common with each other, as shown in Figure 18 (a)-18(c).If rainfall amount figure in season and every day diminishing amount figure in season adapt, what problem can not appear then.Yet, this situation does not always appear.Late rice, semilate rice and the selection of rice growing early are subjected to the restriction when precondition decline rainfall figure in season.

In this application of the present invention, as shown in figure 19, rainfall amount 501d-503d is treated as the physical resources quantity delivered, every day, diminishing amount 501e-503e was treated as the physical resources consumption, and reservoir 501b-503b is treated as the buffer device among each section 501-503.Under these conditions, might be between the reservoir of retaining the switching equipment 504 and 505 and set up switching equipment control system of the present invention of equipment band pump, selecting late rice, semilate rice and the constraint aspect the rice growing early thereby relax.

In utilization during this embodiment, can be according to diminishing amount 501e-503e every day of prediction, perhaps prediction and that detect every day, the difference of diminishing amount 501e-503e was finished the exchange plan.

(the 6th embodiment)

Recently, a city has been divided into workspace and living quarters, the annular in erect image living quarters exploitation phenomenon example showed like that.As for the water requirement of mentioning in the water supply and sewerage system, daytime, demand was big in the workspace, and in contrast, and demand is big night in the living quarters.Yet because many cities, town and rural area are managed their clear water and sewerage separately, the changes in demand at above-mentioned daytime and night is dealt with individually by each city, town and rural area under existing conditions.In order to keep enough hydraulic pressure, these changes in demand are undesirable.

In clear water and sewerage, as shown in figure 20, each city, town and rural inflow 601d-603d are treated as the physical resources quantity delivered, and its output 601e-603e is treated as the physical resources consumption, and its clean-up bed 601b-603b is treated as buffer device.Under these conditions, the switching equipment 604 and 605 and set up a switching equipment control system of the present invention of band pump might be set between city, town and rural clean-up bed, thereby be easy to the hydraulic pressure that keeps enough.Must come to the exchange capacity valuation, because water rate is different in each city, town and rural area for the exchange capacity weighting with water rate.

When this embodiment of utilization, can be according to the clear water water requirement of prediction, perhaps Yu Ce the difference with the clear water water requirement that detects is finished the exchange plan.

(the 7th embodiment)

As for the power supply face, each regional changes in demand figure is different, as Figure 21 (a) with 21(b).Can detect the unbalance of supply and demand according to frequency shift (FS).In other words, can dope electricity needs according to frequency shift (FS).So as shown in figure 22, generator output 901d-903d is treated as the physical resources quantity delivered, electricity needs 901e-903e is treated as physical resources consumption, and electric system 901b-903b is treated as buffer device.Under these conditions, AC/DC interconnected system 904 and 905 and form a switching equipment control system of the present invention so that level and smooth changes in demand and move electric system at an easy rate might be set between regional power system.In a kind of like this control system, as the explanation among the 4th embodiment, be expected to exchange as it is the random noise component of its demand, thereby between the area, eliminate the random noise component.

When this embodiment of utilization, can be according to the electricity needs of prediction, perhaps Yu Ce the difference with the electricity needs that detects is finished the exchange plan.

(the 8th embodiment)

In the hot-water supply system, shown in Figure 23 (a)-23(b), the demand figure depend on commercial with or life usefulness.Suppose and adjoin with central building that a side has a commercial building and opposite side has a residential building, and every building all there is individual hot water supply apparatus.So as shown in figure 24, hot water supply amount 701d-703d is taken as the physical resources quantity delivered and treats, the hot water demand measures 701e-703e and is taken as the physical resources consumption and treats, and treats and hot water water storage tank 701b-703b is taken as buffer device.Under these conditions, switching equipment 704 and 705 and form a switching equipment control system of the present invention so that level and smooth changes in demand and move the hot water supply apparatus system at an easy rate might be set between the hot water water storage tank in each building.

When this embodiment of utilization, can be according to the prediction hot water demand, perhaps Yu Ce the difference with the hot water demand who detects is finished the exchange plan.

(the 9th embodiment)

In a chilled water feed system, as Figure 25 (a) with 25(b), the changes in demand figure depends on it for example is computer house or a factory that works by day of a job in 24 hours.Temperature after using according to chilled water can detect the demand to chilled water.If it is temperature height then demand is big, otherwise then little.

So as shown in figure 26, chilled water output 801d-803d is treated as the physical resources quantity delivered, the demand 801e-803e quilt of chilled water is treated as the physical resources consumption, and chilled water water storage tank 801b-803b is treated as buffer device.Under these conditions, switching equipment 804 and 805 and form a switching equipment control system of the present invention might be set between the chilled water water storage tank of each buildings, so that level and smooth changes in demand and move chilled water supply arrangement system at an easy rate.

An output of the chilled water that does not have the occasion of very big capacity reserve, the volume of receipts of best used chilled water to meet to use at the chilled water water storage tank.For this purpose, preferably parallelly two switching equipment are set so that supply with the chilled water of two kinds of different temperature.

When this embodiment of utilization, can be according to the chilled water demand of prediction, perhaps Yu Ce the difference with the chilled water demand that detects is finished the exchange plan.

Though only mention the situation that setting or switching equipment are supplied with in control in the above among the embodiment of Xie Shiing, the present invention also can be used for controlling the situation of consumer device.

As mentioned above,, might make each subsystem can supply with the stock number that self is consumed by this subsystem, thereby exchange equilibrium be little as can to ignore, and can makes changes in demand level and smooth as whole system by exchange resource according to the present invention.

Claims (16)

1, a kind of device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment, comprise a plurality of by the supply arrangement that is used for supplying with physical resources, being used for the buffer device and being used for of the described physical resources that interim storage supplied with by described supply arrangement consumes the subsystem that the consumer device of the described physical resources of interim storage in described buffer device is formed, be connected in the described buffer device of each subsystem so that between described systems, exchange the switching equipment of described physical resources, and an exchange capacity control system that is used for controlling described physical resources, the described device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment comprises:

A usefulness decides the target exchange capacity so that make the supply of physical resources in each subsystem in the given time and the device that the balance between the consumption meets the target balance; And

One is used for from controlling described exchange capacity control system that described physical resources uses to described switching equipment, sends the device of all instructions of the described target exchange capacity of described physical resources.

2, the device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment according to claim 1 further comprises a physical resources quantity delivered predicted portions, with prediction from the supply quantity of described supply arrangement to the physical resources of described buffer device supply.

3, the device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment according to claim 2, wherein, replan described target balance and described target exchange capacity according to poor with by the physical resources quantity delivered of described physical resources quantity delivered prediction section branch prediction of the physical resources amount of effective supply.

4, the device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment according to claim 1 further comprises a physical resources consumption predicted portions, so that the physical resources consumption that prediction is supplied with to described consumer device from described buffer device.

5, the device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment according to claim 4, wherein, replan described target balance and described target exchange capacity according to poor with by the physical resources consumption of described physical resources consumption prediction section branch prediction of the physical resources amount of actual consumption.

6, the device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment according to claim 1, comprise that further a physical resources quantity delivered predicted portions that is used for predicting the physical resources of supplying with to described buffer device from described supply arrangement and one are used for predicting the physical resources consumption predicted portions of the physical resources of supplying with to described consumer device from described buffer device.

7, the device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment according to claim 6, wherein according to poor with by the physical resources quantity delivered of described physical resources quantity delivered prediction section branch prediction of the physical resources amount of effective supply, and poor with by the physical resources consumption of described physical resources consumption prediction section branch prediction of the physical resources amount of actual consumption, replan described target balance and described target exchange capacity.

8, a kind of device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment, comprise a plurality of by the supply arrangement that is used for supplying with physical resources, being used for the buffer device and being used for of the described physical resources that interim storage supplied with by described supply arrangement consumes the subsystem that the consumption setting of the described physical resources of interim storage in described buffer device is formed, the described buffer device that is connected in each subsystem is so that exchange and the switching equipment that is stored in the corresponding described physical resources of described all physical resources amounts in the described buffer device between described systems, and an exchange capacity control system that is used for controlling described physical resources, the described device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment comprises:

A usefulness decides the target quantity delivered so that make the supply of physical resources in each subsystem in the given time and the device that the balance between the consumption meets the target balance; And

One is used for from controlling described exchange capacity control system that described physical resources uses to described supply arrangement, sends the device of all instructions of the described target quantity delivered of described physical resources.

9, the device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment according to claim 8 comprises that further is used for predicting a physical resources consumption predicted portions of supplying with the physical resources consumption of described consumer device from described buffer device.

10, the device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment according to claim 9, wherein said physical resources consumption predicted portions, become the little negligible all components that get in the given time by from described physical resources consumption, deducting its balance, predict described all physical resources consumptions.

11, a kind of device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment, comprise a plurality of by the supply arrangement that is used for supplying with physical resources, being used for the buffer device and being used for of the described physical resources that interim storage supplied with by described supply arrangement consumes the subsystem that the consumer device of the described physical resources of interim storage in described buffer device is formed, the described buffer device that is connected in each subsystem is so that exchange and the switching equipment that is stored in the corresponding described physical resources of described all physical resources amounts in the described buffer device between described systems, and an exchange capacity control system that is used for controlling described physical resources, the described device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment comprises:

A usefulness decides the target consumption, so that make the supply of physical resources in each subsystem and the device that the balance between the consumption meets the target balance in the given time; And

One is used for from controlling described exchange capacity control system that described physical resources uses to described consumer device, sends the device of all instructions of the described target consumption of described physical resources.

12, the device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment according to claim 11 comprises that further is used for predicting a physical resources quantity delivered predicted portions of supplying with the physical resources quantity delivered of described buffer setting from described supply arrangement.

13, the device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment according to claim 12, wherein said physical resources quantity delivered predicted portions becomes the little negligible all components that get in the given time by deduct its balance from described physical resources quantity delivered, predicts described physical resources quantity delivered.

14, a kind of device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment, comprise a plurality of by the supply arrangement that is used for supplying with physical resources, being used for the buffer device and being used for of the described physical resources that interim storage supplied with by described supply arrangement consumes the subsystem that the consumer device of the described physical resources of interim storage in described buffer device is formed, and be connected in each subsystem described buffer device in case between described systems exchange be stored in first switching equipment of the corresponding described physical resources of described all physical resources amounts in the described buffer device, the described device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment comprises:

With parallel second switching equipment of arranging of described first switching equipment; And

Be used for sending the device that all target exchange capacities instruct to described second switching equipment by all exchange capacities of surveying described first switching equipment.

15, the device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment according to claim 14 further comprises:

With deciding the target exchange capacity so as to make the supply of physical resources in each subsystem in the given time and consume between balance meet the device of target balance; And

Be used for device that the difference of described all target exchange capacities of described first switching equipment and described all exchange capacities that detects is sent to described second switching equipment as all instructions of described all target exchange capacities.

16, the device that is used for the controlling resource switching equipment according to claim 15, wherein the exchange capacity of described all described first switching equipment that detects is resolved into a plurality of exchange capacity components, and its balance is become little negligible one-component in the given time be defined as an acceptable component in described a plurality of exchange capacity component, and poor from described all detected exchange capacities of described first switching equipment that wherein deducted described acceptable component and described all target exchange capacities, be sent to described second switching equipment as all instructions of described all target exchange capacities.

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