CN110474843A - IP localization method based on hop count - Google Patents
IP localization method based on hop count Download PDFInfo
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- CN110474843A CN110474843A CN201910603154.2A CN201910603154A CN110474843A CN 110474843 A CN110474843 A CN 110474843A CN 201910603154 A CN201910603154 A CN 201910603154A CN 110474843 A CN110474843 A CN 110474843A
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- hop count
- terrestrial reference
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- estimation
- localization method
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
- H04L45/122—Shortest path evaluation by minimising distances, e.g. by selecting a route with minimum of number of hops
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/20—Hop count for routing purposes, e.g. TTL
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
- H04L45/745—Address table lookup; Address filtering
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of IP localization method based on hop count, comprising: constructing network topology: traceroute message is sent from location-server to each IP address, routing iinformation is recorded, establishes network topology；It finds shortest route path: according to network topology or the path traceroute, obtaining shortest route path and the hop count between IP；Estimation routing radius: the corresponding relationship of data with existing collection estimation hop count and actual physics distance within the scope of the certain hop count of terrestrial reference IP is utilized；It calculates physical location and carries out IP positioning: the physical distance between IP being calculated by the hop count in shortest route path and the routing radius of estimation, and Target IP is positioned to the nearest terrestrial reference IP of the Target IP physical distance.The present invention, which only needs a location-server to send a traceroute order, can realize accurate, stable IP positioning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Internet technical fields, especially a kind of extremely unstable for the complicated network structure, Forwarding Latency
Network environment the IP localization method based on hop count.
Background technique
With the development of internet, emerging Internet service provides requirement to location technology.Especially for many
Internet service based on user location determines that the position of access internet host is the key technology of this kind of service.Based on fixed
There are many practical application, such as weather forecast, orientations to promote for the service of position, Spam filtering, location-authentication and digital rights
Management.Although certain applications require nothing more than the positioning service of low precision, that is, determine the country of host, province or city；More using close
Depend on the precision of positioning service with cutting, therefore high-precision positioning service has the extensive market demand.The former example has
Digital Right Management, the example of the latter then include network swindle detection, and orientation is promoted.
Existing IP localization method is often based on network delay (RTT) and measures as the estimation of physical distance.However, this
The positioning expense of class method is very big.In view of there are router processing delay and physics roads in repeating process for data packet
By the tortuosity in path, the IP localization method based on delay is needed from multiple location-servers (Ping server) to the same IP
It carries out multiple measurement and obtains estimation of the smallest network delay as physical distance.In addition to this, existing IP localization method
The positioning accuracy for being found in China Internet is limited.Precision limited in this way may be from the complicated network architecture.
Therefore, how a kind of accurate IP localization method that can be suitable for complex network framework is provided, becomes this field urgently
Problem to be solved.Currently without the explanation or report for finding technology similar to the present invention, also not yet it is collected into similar both at home and abroad
Data.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above shortcomings existing in the prior art, the present invention is directed to improve the precision of internet ip positioning, for tool
There is the internet situation of complex network framework, designs a kind of IP localization method based on hop count.Method proposed by the present invention
There is significant difference with traditional IP localization method.What traditional IP localization method usually utilized is when being grouped in a network round-trip
Between estimate the distance between IP.And the present invention is then using the hop count for being grouped in routing forwarding in network, to destination host (target
IP) estimated with the distance between a large amount of known location hosts (hereinafter referred to as " terrestrial reference IP "), and conclude therefrom that target master
The position of machine.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A kind of IP localization method based on hop count, includes the following steps:
Constructing network topology: traceroute message is sent from location-server to each IP address, routing iinformation is recorded, builds
Vertical network topology；
It finds shortest route path: according to network topology or the path traceroute, obtaining the shortest route road between IP
Diameter and hop count；
Estimation routing radius: using the estimation of data with existing collection, hop count and routing are saved within the scope of terrestrial reference IP setting hop count
The corresponding relationship of actual physics distance between point；
It calculates physical location and carries out IP positioning: passing through the hop count in shortest route path and the routing radiuscope of estimation
The physical distance between IP is calculated, and Target IP is positioned to the nearest terrestrial reference IP of the Target IP physical distance.
Preferably, it in the constructing network topology, is sent from a location-server to all IP address primary
Traceroute request, collect & route information, using routing node as network node, to forward relationship to construct net as network edge
Network topological diagram.
Preferably, it in the searching shortest route path, is found according to the traceroute collected in constructing network topology
From the last one common router in the routed path that the same location-server leaves for two different IP addresses, thus
It determines between IP through the shortest route path of last common router and its hop count.
Preferably, in the estimation routing radius, the IP and its physical location information concentrated according to data with existing estimates ground
The corresponding relationship of hop count and actual physics distance within the scope of IP setting hop count is marked, which is to route radius.
Preferably, the expression formula of the corresponding relationship are as follows:
Wherein, riBe it is each within the scope of i-th terrestrial reference IP setting hop count in data set jump corresponding physical distance,For the physical distance between two terrestrial reference IP,For the hop count between two terrestrial reference IP；N=| Li| it is set element quantity, VlIndicate the node of all terrestrial reference IP
Set, T is given threshold, for filtering and terrestrial reference IPThe distance between be greater than threshold value T IP；The setting hop count
Hop count in range is respectively less than threshold value T.
Preferably, the calculating physical location position Target IP to terrestrial reference IP in IP positioningPhysical location
Expression formula are as follows:
Wherein:Indicate the Target IP of estimationWith terrestrial reference IPBetween physical distance,To estimate
Nearest the terrestrial reference IP, Θ of physical distancekIt indicates (to be less than threshold value T) within the scope of setting hop count with Target IP hop count
Terrestrial reference IP set
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1, the IP localization method provided by the invention based on hop count is a kind of internet for complex network framework
Situation and the IP positioning strategy designed overcome traditional IP positioning using hop count as the foundation of estimation geographic distance
The various problems that strategy is encountered when being applied to the network with complex network framework, the especially network equipment influence network delay
The problem of, to reach IP positioning low cost, high-precision requirement.
2, the IP localization method provided by the invention based on hop count, required preparation amount is small, especially road sign
Number of servers is few, and time is short, and it is primary prepare after only need low frequency more new data, can be realized it is long-term, on a large scale
, stable, high-precision IP positioning service.
3, the IP localization method provided by the invention based on hop count, the different situations progress specifically for heterogeneous networks are excellent
Change, relatively traditional IP positioning strategy can better adapt to local network context, to guarantee IP positioning service a wide range of
Under stability.
4, the IP localization method provided by the invention based on hop count, relatively traditional IP positioning strategy, it is only necessary to few
The early-stage preparations of amount can realize that quickly, high-precision IP is positioned in the case where network delay is unstable.
5, the IP localization method provided by the invention based on hop count, it is only necessary to which a location-server sends primary
Traceroute request, expense are smaller.
6, the IP localization method provided by the invention based on hop count can effectively adapt to multiple similar to China Internet
Miscellaneous network structure carries out accurately IP and positions.
Detailed description of the invention
Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of the IP localization method provided by the present invention based on routing forwarding hop count；
Fig. 2 is searching shortest route path case schematic diagram provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Elaborate below to the embodiment of the present invention: the present embodiment carries out under the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention
Implement, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given.It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention
Protect range.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of IP localization methods based on routing forwarding hop count, include the following steps:
Step 1, traceroute message, record routing constructing network topology: are sent from location-server to each IP address
Information establishes network topology；
Step 2, it finds shortest route path: according to the network topology or the path traceroute established in step 1, obtaining
Shortest route path and hop count between IP；
Step 3, it estimation routing radius: is saved using hop count within the scope of the data with existing collection estimation certain hop count of terrestrial reference IP and routing
The corresponding relationship of actual physics distance between point；
Step 4, it calculates physical location and carries out IP positioning: passing through the hop count in shortest route path obtained in step 2
And the routing radius estimated in step 3 calculates the physical distance between IP, and Target IP is positioned nearest to its physical distance
Terrestrial reference IP at.
Below with reference to the actual conditions of China internet, using the method provided in the above embodiment of the present invention, further
The specific implementation process of each step is described in detail.
The IP localization method based on hop count that the above embodiment of the present invention provides, is mainly made of four steps, point
Not are as follows: constructing network topology finds shortest route path, estimation routing radius and calculates physical location progress IP positioning.This four
The effect difference of a step is as follows:
Constructing network topology: obtaining network topological diagram by traceroute order, does standard for subsequent searching shortest path
It is standby；
Find shortest path: the network topology obtained according to previous step finds shortest route path and calculates shortest route and jumps
Number is prepared for estimation routing radius and last IP positioning；
Estimation routing radius: according to the road near the IP of available data collection and corresponding physics location estimation difference terrestrial reference IP
By radius, for the physical location estimation and positioning to Target IP；
Calculate physical location and carry out IP positioning: for the final step of method, the actual physical location for calculating Target IP is gone forward side by side
The positioning of row physical location.
Specifically:
1. constructing network topology
In order to obtain network topology, current embodiment require that (message sends starting point, i.e., from a location-serverping) to
All Target IPs and terrestrial reference IP carry out the measurement of traceroute.According to the path each traceroute, the present embodiment
It is middle that node and side are added to topological diagram G.It is worth noting that G is the subgraph topology of live network, but this subgraph is sufficient
It is enough in accurate IP positioning.In addition an effective location-server is only used in the present embodiment sends a traceroute
Request, locating effect can slightly be promoted by increasing number of servers or increasing request number of times.
2. finding shortest route path
Network topology G is being obtained, along the traceroute route searching for leaving for different IP from location-server
Last common router.IfFor Target IP node,For terrestrial reference IP node,
For last common router.Then the shortest path between two nodes can be determined and also between hop count beAs shown in Figure 2.
It is emphasized that shortest path is also one because terrestrial reference and target are all in the same small range
In a small range, in assume that each hop count correspond to a limited physical distance.It will be described in detail in next step
How hop count corresponding physical distance is estimated.
3. estimation routing radius
Since last several jumps of each routed path can physically be present in a limited range (such as one
In office building, in a block), the physical distance that the present embodiment can cover the hop count near each terrestrial reference IP
Estimated, for the estimation to Target IP distance.The present embodiment can to each terrestrial reference IP nearby (certain hop count range it
It is interior) routing one different physical distance estimation, better positioning accuracy available in this way.For more details ground, for
Each terrestrial reference IPAssuming that the covering radius r of the router near itiIt is identical (but be different near terrestrial reference
Radius is different).Use terrestrial reference IPIt is all nearby to meet relationshipTerrestrial reference IPvl∈VlEstimated
Meter, wherein T is a threshold value, for filtering liftoff mark IPToo far IP,For the hop count between two IP.
Specific formula for calculation are as follows:
Wherein, riIt is that (less than threshold value T), each jump is corresponding within the scope of i-th of certain hop count of terrestrial reference IP in data set
Physical distance,For the physical distance between two terrestrial reference IP,For the road between two terrestrial reference IP
By hop count.N=| Li| it is set element quantity, VlIndicate all terrestrial references
The node set of IP, T indicate a threshold value, for filtering apart from terrestrial reference IPToo far IP.
4. calculating physical location carries out IP positioning
By the resulting various information of above-mentioned steps, it can finally calculate physical distance and position Target IP.Combining target IP
With the hop count between terrestrial reference IP, multiplied by the routing radius near the terrestrial reference IP of estimation, to estimate Target IP and different terrestrial references
Target IP is finally navigated to the physical location of the estimation the smallest terrestrial reference IP of physical distance by the physical distance between IP.Specifically
Mathematical expression formula is as follows:
Wherein:Indicate the Target IP of estimationWith terrestrial reference IPBetween physical distance,To estimate
Nearest the terrestrial reference IP, Θ of physical distancekIt indicates (to be less than threshold value T) within the scope of certain hop count with Target IP hop count
Terrestrial reference IP set
The IP localization method based on hop count that the above embodiment of the present invention provides utilizes the jump in traceroute
The physical location of number information (rather than delayed data) estimation Target IP, carries out precise and stable positioning.Network packet routing
Last a few jumps are frequently experienced within the limited region (a such as office building, a block) of a physics, are positioned by finding
Server to the path of Target IP and terrestrial reference IP the last one common accessor, can calculate Target IP and terrestrial reference IP it
Between approximate shortest route hop count.Hop count and reality near common router can be estimated by the fitting of large-scale data
The approximate function of physical distance, so that the actual physics distance between Target IP and terrestrial reference IP is obtained, to realize that IP is positioned.
The IP localization method is based on hop count rather than routing delay, therefore not will receive the unstable delay of network message processing forward
It influences.It is accurate, stable that the localization method only needs a location-server traceroute order of transmission that can realize
IP positioning.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring substantive content of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of IP localization method based on hop count, which comprises the steps of:
Constructing network topology: traceroute message is sent from location-server to each IP address, routing iinformation is recorded, establishes net
Network topology；
Find shortest route path: according to network topology or the path traceroute, obtain the shortest route path between IP with
And hop count；
Estimation routing radius: using the estimation of data with existing collection within the scope of terrestrial reference IP setting hop count hop count and routing node it
Between actual physics distance corresponding relationship；
It calculates physical location and carries out IP positioning: IP is calculated by the hop count in shortest route path and the routing radius of estimation
Between physical distance, and Target IP is positioned to the nearest terrestrial reference IP of the Target IP physical distance.
2. the IP localization method according to claim 1 based on hop count, which is characterized in that the constructing network topology
In, a traceroute request, collect & route information, with routing node are sent from a location-server to all IP address
As network node, to forward relationship to construct network topological diagram as network edge.
3. the IP localization method according to claim 1 based on hop count, which is characterized in that the searching shortest route
In path, is found according to the traceroute collected in constructing network topology from the same location-server and leave for two not
With the last one common router in the routed path of IP address, so that it is determined that between IP most by last common router
Shortest routing path and its hop count.
4. the IP localization method according to claim 1 based on hop count, which is characterized in that the estimation routes radius
In, IP and its physical location information estimation the terrestrial reference IP concentrated according to data with existing sets hop count and routing within the scope of hop count
The corresponding relationship of actual physics distance between node, the corresponding relationship are to route radius.
5. the IP localization method according to claim 4 based on hop count, which is characterized in that the table of the corresponding relationship
Up to formula are as follows:
Wherein, riBe it is each within the scope of i-th terrestrial reference IP setting hop count in data set jump corresponding physical distance,For the physical distance between two terrestrial reference IP,For the hop count between two terrestrial reference IP；N=| Li| it is set element quantity, VlIndicate the node of all terrestrial reference IP
Set, T is the threshold value of setting, for filtering and terrestrial reference IPThe distance between be greater than threshold value T IP；The setting routing is jumped
Hop count in number range is respectively less than threshold value T.
6. the IP localization method according to claim 1 based on hop count, which is characterized in that the calculating physical location
Position Target IP to terrestrial reference IP in IP positioningPhysical location expression formula are as follows:
Wherein:Indicate the Target IP of estimationWith terrestrial reference IPBetween physical distance,For the object estimated
Reason is apart from nearest terrestrial reference IP, ΘkIndicate the set of the terrestrial reference IP with Target IP hop count within the scope of setting hop count.
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| CN110995885A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-10 | 罗向阳 | IP positioning method based on router error training |
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| CN111711707A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-25 | 国家计算机网络与信息安全管理中心江苏分中心 | IP address positioning method based on neighbor relation |
| CN112215358A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-01-12 | 戎腾科技(长沙)有限公司 | IP positioning method and system based on random forest |
| CN112653731A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-13 | 天翼物联科技有限公司 | Video monitoring storage node addressing method, system and storage medium |
| CN113395211A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Routing IP positioning optimization method based on clustering idea |
| CN115442260A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-12-06 | 中国移动通信集团设计院有限公司 | Data transmission method, terminal device and storage medium |
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| CN112653731A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-13 | 天翼物联科技有限公司 | Video monitoring storage node addressing method, system and storage medium |
| CN115442260A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-12-06 | 中国移动通信集团设计院有限公司 | Data transmission method, terminal device and storage medium |
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| CN113395211A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Routing IP positioning optimization method based on clustering idea |
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