CN110470382A - A kind of blade automatic positioning method under no revolving speed synchronous sensor - Google Patents
A kind of blade automatic positioning method under no revolving speed synchronous sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110470382A CN110470382A CN201910762849.5A CN201910762849A CN110470382A CN 110470382 A CN110470382 A CN 110470382A CN 201910762849 A CN201910762849 A CN 201910762849A CN 110470382 A CN110470382 A CN 110470382A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
Abstract
The present invention relates to the blade automatic positioning methods under a kind of no revolving speed synchronous sensor, and steps are as follows: step 1: opening the artificial jiggering of casing, identify the one-to-one relationship of blade number and Tip timing sensor output signal；Step 2: it obtains pulse train { V }；Step 3: it obtains blade arrival time sequence { t }；Step 4: angle sequence is obtainedStep 5: it obtains adjacent blades angle template sequence { θ }；Step 6: new angle sequence is obtainedTo this angle sequenceCarry out blade number matching；Step 7: the Tip-Timing signal of particular vane is extracted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rotating vane non-contacting vibration fields of measurement, and in particular under a kind of no revolving speed synchronous sensor
Blade automatic positioning method.
Background technique
Large rotating machinery such as aero-engine, gas turbine, steam turbine, flue gas turbine expander, air blower etc. is aviation, warship
The widely used substantial equipment of the industrial systems such as ship, electric power, petrochemical industry, metallurgy.Core of the movable vane piece as large rotating machinery rotor
Center portion part, the variation of its own running state parameter directly affect the operating condition and working efficiency of whole system.Traditional blades
State parameter measurement method is contact type measurement, such as foil gauge mensuration and electric discharge sonde method, it is necessary to sensor is installed to or
It is time-consuming and laborious and be difficult to accomplish the vaned monitoring of institute on infinite approach blade to be measured.Recent domestic greatly develops non-connect
Touch Tip-Timing vibration measuring technology, sensor is mounted on casing, at the time of reaching sensor by measurement blade, is calculated
To blade vibration parameter.
Currently, Tip-Timing vibration measuring technology is widely used in large-scale rotation as a kind of contactless vibration measurement method
Mechanical blade oscillation measurement field.Traditional Tip-Timing vibration measuring technology needs rotation speed synchronizing signal as Tip-Timing signal
Measuring basis is calculated with further implementing engine speed, blade number identifies and the signal processings such as blade vibration information identification
Algorithm.Rotation speed synchronizing signal is usually to pass through revolving speed synchronous sensor to obtain, and this acquisition methods are needed in engine shaft
Photosensitive item or setting keyway are installed on fixed position.The every rotation of engine shaft one week, rotation speed synchronizing signal generates an arteries and veins
Punching, Tip-Timing signal carry out blade automatic positioning in this, as time reference, determine each pulse in Tip-Timing signal
Corresponding practical blade number.
In actual condition, since engine shaft space is narrow, setting keyway has destructive row to engine shaft
For this method will cause measurement error, influence vibration parameters measurement accuracy, and be not easy to implement.In the synchronous sensing of no revolving speed
In the case where device, Tip-Timing signal lacks time reference, can not carry out blade positioning, not can determine that in Tip-Timing signal
The one-to-one relationship of each pulse and actual physics blade extracts blade vibration information to subsequent blade vibration identification algorithm
Cause difficulty.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is an object of the invention to solve blade orientation problem under no revolving speed synchronous sensor, design
A kind of blade automatic positioning method.This method can carry out blade using the Tip-Timing signal measured under no revolving speed synchronous sensor
Number automatic positioning, and then can be used for carrying out vibration analysis to a certain determining blade.Technical scheme is as follows:
Blade automatic positioning method under a kind of no revolving speed synchronous sensor, if engine rotor blade number to be measured is N, leaf
Piece number is #0, and #1 ... #N-1, Tip timing sensor 1 is mounted on engine crankcase, and steps are as follows:
Step 1: opening the artificial jiggering of casing, identifies blade number with Tip timing sensor output signal one by one
Corresponding relationship.
Step 2: it obtains pulse train { V }
It detects to obtain pulse train { V }=(V of Tip-Timing signal using Tip timing sensor0, V1..., Vk...),
Wherein k is positive integer, indicates k-th of effective impulse signal.
Step 3: it obtains blade arrival time sequence { t }
Using fixed pulse Sequence Filling method, pulse train { V } is converted into blade arrival time sequence { t }=(t0,
t1..., tk...), wherein k is positive integer, tkWith VkIt corresponds.
Step 4: angle sequence is obtained
Blade arrival time sequence { t } is converted into the angle sequence that current time corresponds to blade blade corresponding with previous moment
ColumnWherein,N indicate rotating cycle, take greater than etc.
In 1 integer steady state value, pulse train { V } and angle sequenceIt corresponds.
Step 5: it obtains adjacent blades angle template sequence { θ }
Take angle sequenceIn the sequence numbered according to blade of a certain swing circle or multiple swing circle statistical averages
Arrangement obtains adjacent blades angle template sequence { θ }, { θ }=(θ0, θ1..., θi,…,θN-1), i is the blade number of setting,
It is corresponded with actual physics blade, wherein as i >=1, θiThe folder being expressed as between No. i-th blade and No. (i-1)-th blade
Angle, θ0It is expressed as the angle of No. 0 blade and N-1 blade；
Step 6: new angle sequence is obtainedTo this angle sequenceCarry out blade number matching
Tip timing sensor installation site is kept, installation number, setting angle is constant, normal working of engine, by leaf
Sharp Time Pick-off Units output signal obtains new angle sequence according to Step 2: Step 3: step 4 is handledIt utilizes
Blade number matching algorithm finds Optimum Matching point by traversal, to new angle sequence using related coefficient maximum principleRelevant matches are carried out, in dataAngle sequence is successively taken afterwardsMiddle continuous N data form subsequenceWherein m=0,1,2 ... M-1 and M >=N.
Step 7: the Tip-Timing signal of particular vane is extracted.
The blade number matching algorithm of step 6 is as follows:
1. taking related coefficient is objective function, as M >=2N, objective function J (m):
As M < 2N, objective function J (m):
Wherein,(m+j) %N indicates that m+j takes the remainder divided by N.
2. traversing the value of m, from m=0 to m=N-1, the size of calculating target function J (m) takes objective function J (m) most
M value when big, at this time adjacent blades angle template sequence { θ } and angle sequenceIt is optimal matching, thenCorresponding 0th
Number blade,Corresponding No. i-th blade, and so on, the blade number matching process of N number of blade is completed, realizes that blade is automatic
Positioning, determines each pulse V in Tip-Timing signalkWith the one-to-one relationship of actual physics blade.
Fractional-N frequency processing is carried out to step 5 blade number matching result, extracts the Tip-Timing signal of particular vane.
The technology of the present invention feature and effect:
(1) in the present invention, the N number of adjacent blades angle template sequence of engine rotor and blade number matching process are obtained,
Solves the blade orientation problem under no revolving speed synchronous sensor.
(2) in the present invention, the N number of adjacent blades angle template sequence of engine rotor, the matching of blade number and key are obtained
Phase scaling-down process solves and extracts a certain particular vane Tip-Timing signal problem under no revolving speed synchronous sensor.
(3) the invention enables when each starting Tip-Timing measurement, it can synchronize and navigate to same blade.It solves nothing to turn
The problem of Tip-Timing vibration measuring system starts measurement every time under fast synchronous sensor, is unable to resetting.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 determines by institute's use of the invention without the blade automatic positioning equipment structure chart under revolving speed synchronous sensor, 1 for blade tip
When sensor, 2 for sensor signal pre-process circuit module, 3 be Tip-Timing signal processing module, 4 for blade number matching
Module, 5 key phase frequency division modules (N is expressed as blade amt), 6 be FPGA.
Fig. 2 is 16 adjacent blades angle template sequence exemplary diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the transformation result schematic diagram that sensor signal of the present invention pre-processes circuit module, and 7 compare threshold for voltage
Value, 8 be Tip timing sensor output signal, and 9 be Tip-Timing signal, that is, pulse train { V }.
Fig. 4 is blade number matching module matching result exemplary diagram of the present invention, and 10 be angle sequence11 be mesh
Scalar functions J (m) calculated result.
Fig. 5 is that key phase frequency division module of the present invention extracts #0 blade tip timing signal result exemplary diagram, and 12 be leaf
Piece number matching module matching result, 13 extract #0 blade tip timing signal result for key phase frequency division module.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A kind of blade automatic positioning method under no revolving speed synchronous sensor, is shown in attached drawing 1, it includes: Tip-Timing sensing
Device 1, sensor signal pre-process circuit module 2, Tip-Timing signal processing module 3, blade number matching module 4, key phase point
Frequency module 5, field programmable gate array (hereinafter referred to as FPGA) 6.
Revolving speed synchronous sensor is in Tip-Timing vibration measuring field, for measuring engine speed, identification engine blade
The optical fiber sensor of number.Tip timing sensor is to reach in Tip-Timing vibration measuring field for measuring engine blade
The sensor at sensor moment, main Types include electric vortex type Tip timing sensor, optical fiber type Tip timing sensor and
Condenser type Tip timing sensor.
Tip-Timing signal processing module, blade number matching module and key phase frequency division module are in FPGA to input data
Carry out the program module of data processing.
If engine rotor blade number to be measured is N, blade number is #0, #1 ... #N-1.As shown in Fig. 1, Tip-Timing
Sensor 1 is mounted on engine crankcase, and 8 be the schematic diagram for exporting analog signal in attached drawing 3, and specific implementation step is as follows:
Step 1: the N number of adjacent blades angle template sequence { θ } of engine rotor is obtained.
When the rotor part of engine has just started installation, shut down, repairs or debug, the artificial jiggering of casing, identification are opened
The one-to-one relationship of blade number and 1 output signal of Tip timing sensor out, according still further to step 2, step 3 and step 4 are obtained
Obtain angle sequenceIt takesIn the sequence numbered according to blade of a certain swing circle or multiple swing circle statistical averages
Arrangement, i.e. composition adjacent blades angle template sequence { θ }.{ θ }=(θ0, θ1..., θi,…,θN-1), i is that the blade of setting is compiled
Number, it is corresponded with actual physics blade, wherein as i >=1, θiIt is expressed as between No. i-th blade and No. (i-1)-th blade
Angle, θ0It is expressed as the angle of No. 0 blade and N-1 blade.The adjacent blades angle template sequence exemplary diagram of N=16 is shown in
Attached drawing 2.
Step 2: it obtains pulse train { V }.
Sensor signal pre-processes circuit module 2 and utilizes voltage comparator, chooses suitable voltage and compares threshold value, by blade tip
The effective voltage signal of Time Pick-off Units output is converted to Tip-Timing signal, obtains pulse train { V }=(V0, V1...,
Vk...), wherein k is positive integer, indicates k-th of effective impulse signal.Transformation result schematic diagram is shown in attached drawing 3.
Step 3: it obtains blade arrival time sequence { t }.
The pulse train { V } that the Tip-Timing signal of 3 pairs of Tip-Timing signal processing module inputs, i.e. step 2 obtain,
Carry out data processing.Using fixed pulse Sequence Filling method, by pulse train { V } be converted to blade arrival time sequence { t }=
(t0, t1..., tk,…).Wherein k is positive integer, tkWith VkIt corresponds.
Step 4: angle sequence is obtained
Blade number matching module 4 by the blade arrival time sequence { t } that step 3 obtains be converted to current vane with it is previous
Pass through the angle sequence of sensor bladeWherein,
Wherein n indicates rotating cycle, takes the integer steady state value more than or equal to 1；K is the positive integer more than or equal to 1.Then pulse train { V }
With angle sequenceIt corresponds.
Step 5: blade number matching.
The folder that the adjacent blades angle template sequence { θ } and step 4 that blade number matching module 4 obtains step 1 obtain
Angle sequenceRelevant matches are carried out, using related coefficient maximum principle, Optimum Matching point is found by traversal.In dataAfterwards
Successively take angle sequenceMiddle continuous N data form subsequenceWherein m
=0,1,2 ... M-1 and M >=N.
Specific matching algorithm is as follows:
1. taking related coefficient is objective function, as M >=2N, objective function J (m):
As M < 2N, objective function J (m):
Wherein,(m+j) %N indicates that m+j takes the remainder divided by N.
2. traversing the value of m, from m=0 to m=N-1, the size of calculating target function J (m).Take objective function J (m) most
M value when big, at this time adjacent blades angle template sequence { θ } and angle sequenceIt is optimal matching, thenCorresponding 0th
Number blade,Corresponding No. i-th blade, and so on, the blade number matching process of N number of blade is completed, realizes that blade is automatic
Positioning, determines each pulse V in Tip-Timing signalkWith the one-to-one relationship of actual physics blade.
In practical application, since setting comparative level is unreasonable in sensor signal pretreatment circuit module 2, step will cause
Pulse train obtained in rapid two { V } pulse-losing, or because spike noise causes pulse train { V } to increase extra pulse.For
Improve blade positional accuracy, step 5 should usually be repeated several times to determine optimal match point, or over time again into
Row matching positioning.
Step 6: the Tip-Timing signal of particular vane is extracted.
Key phase frequency division module 5 carries out Fractional-N frequency processing to step 5 blade number matching result, extracts the leaf of particular vane
Sharp timing signal.For example, if the Tip-Timing signal for extracting #0 blade determines in step 5 within a matching period
The matching pulse of #0 blade is obtained, the point on the basis of this pulse determines next arteries and veins of #0 blade every N-1 pulse
Punching, can be completed the extraction of the Tip-Timing signal of #0 blade.
A specific embodiment without blade automatic positioning method under revolving speed synchronous sensor is as follows.
Experiment rotor has 16 blades, and a length of 50 ㎜ of blade radius, each angle of blade is about 22.5 °, and rotor is with about
3500 rpms of revolving speed high speed rotation, using optical fiber type Tip timing sensor, sensor signal pre-processes circuit module
Sensor output signal is converted into Tip-Timing signal, FPGA is inputed to and carries out follow-up data processing.At Tip-Timing signal
Reason module is converted to angle sequence, extract wherein continuous 48 angle sequence data as shown in figure 4, blade number matching module
In conjunction with 16 adjacent blades angle template sequences, the target function value being calculated using matching algorithm is as shown in figure 4, according to calculation
Method principle clearly can judge No. 0 blade position, and marker location is as shown in Figure 4.Key phase frequency division module is to above-mentioned
Matching result carries out scaling down processing, and the Tip-Timing signal results for extracting #0 blade are as shown in Figure 5.It completes without the synchronous biography of revolving speed
Blade automatic positioning under sensor.
Claims (2)
1. the blade automatic positioning method under a kind of no revolving speed synchronous sensor, if engine rotor blade number to be measured is N, blade
Number is #0, #1 ... #N-1, and Tip timing sensor 1 is mounted on engine crankcase.Steps are as follows:
Step 1: opening the artificial jiggering of casing, identifies the one-to-one correspondence of blade number and Tip timing sensor output signal
Relationship；
Step 2: it obtains pulse train { V }
It detects to obtain pulse train { V }=(V of Tip-Timing signal using Tip timing sensor0, V1..., Vk...), wherein
K is positive integer, indicates k-th of effective impulse signal；
Step 3: it obtains blade arrival time sequence { t }
Using fixed pulse Sequence Filling method, pulse train { V } is converted into blade arrival time sequence { t }=(t0, t1...,
tk...), wherein k is positive integer, tkWith VkIt corresponds；
Step 4: angle sequence is obtained
Blade arrival time sequence { t } is converted into the angle sequence that current time corresponds to blade blade corresponding with previous momentWherein,N indicates rotating cycle, takes more than or equal to 1
Integer steady state value, pulse train { V } and angle sequenceIt corresponds；
Step 5: it obtains adjacent blades angle template sequence { θ }
Take angle sequenceIn a certain swing circle or multiple swing circle statistical averages arranged according to the sequence that blade is numbered
Column obtain adjacent blades angle template sequence { θ }, { θ }=(θ0, θ1..., θi,…,θN-1), i is the blade number of setting, with
Actual physics blade corresponds, wherein as i >=1, θiThe angle being expressed as between No. i-th blade and No. (i-1)-th blade, θ0
It is expressed as the angle of No. 0 blade and N-1 blade；
Step 6: new angle sequence is obtainedTo this angle sequenceCarry out blade number matching
Tip timing sensor installation site is kept, installation number, setting angle is constant, and normal working of engine determines blade tip
When sensor output signal according to Step 2: Step 3: step 4 is handled, obtain new angle sequenceUtilize blade
Number matching algorithm finds Optimum Matching point by traversal, to new angle sequence using related coefficient maximum principleInto
Row relevant matches, in dataAngle sequence is successively taken afterwardsMiddle continuous N data form subsequenceWherein m=0,1,2 ... M-1 and M >=N；
Step 7: the Tip-Timing signal of particular vane is extracted.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the blade number matching algorithm of step 6 is as follows:
(1) taking related coefficient is objective function, as M >=2N, objective function J (m):
As M < 2N, objective function J (m):
Wherein,(m+j) %N indicates that m+j takes the remainder divided by N.
(2) value for traversing m, from m=0 to m=N-1, the size of calculating target function J (m), when taking objective function J (m) maximum
M value, adjacent blades angle template sequence { θ } and angle sequence at this timeIt is optimal matching, thenCorresponding No. 0 leaf
Piece,Corresponding No. i-th blade, and so on, the blade number matching process of N number of blade is completed, realizes that blade is automatically fixed
Position, determines each pulse V in Tip-Timing signalkWith the one-to-one relationship of actual physics blade.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110991018A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-04-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Blade tip timing arrival pulse signal simulation method |
| CN111323190A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-06-23 | 北京化工大学 | Measuring method and measuring device for five-dimensional vibration of rotating blade |
| CN111336909A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-26 | 大连三环复合材料技术开发股份有限公司 | Method for measuring oil film thickness of thrust bearing-babbit metal tile for water turbine |
| CN111579060A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-08-25 | 大连理工大学 | High-precision rotating blade vibration measurement method based on blade tip timing technology |
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| CN102506942A (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2012-06-20 | 天津大学 | Method and device for automatically and synchronously positioning high-speed rotating blades |
| CN103364069A (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2013-10-23 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳发动机设计研究所 | Non-contact rotating vane vibration testing method based on positioning without rotating speed |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110991018A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-04-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Blade tip timing arrival pulse signal simulation method |
| CN111336909A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-26 | 大连三环复合材料技术开发股份有限公司 | Method for measuring oil film thickness of thrust bearing-babbit metal tile for water turbine |
| CN111323190A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-06-23 | 北京化工大学 | Measuring method and measuring device for five-dimensional vibration of rotating blade |
| CN111323190B (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2021-01-12 | 北京化工大学 | Measuring method and measuring device for five-dimensional vibration of rotating blade |
| CN111579060A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-08-25 | 大连理工大学 | High-precision rotating blade vibration measurement method based on blade tip timing technology |
| CN111579060B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2021-09-24 | 大连理工大学 | High-precision rotating blade vibration measurement method based on blade tip timing technology |
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Application publication date: 20191119 |