CN110469457B - 一种船舶节能发电设备 - Google Patents

一种船舶节能发电设备 Download PDF

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CN110469457B
CN110469457B CN201910826641.5A CN201910826641A CN110469457B CN 110469457 B CN110469457 B CN 110469457B CN 201910826641 A CN201910826641 A CN 201910826641A CN 110469457 B CN110469457 B CN 110469457B
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power generation
wind
hydraulic
transmission shaft
wind power
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陆宝成
翟伟
赵志强
赵贤东
王锐
刘明明
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Binzhou Polytechnic
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/008—Measuring or testing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F03B15/00—Controlling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F03B15/00—Controlling
    • F03B15/005—Starting, also of pump-turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/008—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with water energy converters, e.g. a water turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/30—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/32—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on moving objects, e.g. vehicles
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Abstract

本发明提出了一种船舶节能发电设备，包括发电部、位于发电部上方的风力部以及位于发电部下方的水力部，发电部包括外转子、内转子和集电环，外转子上部连接风力部的风力传动轴，风力传动轴通过风力固定轴承一和风力固定轴承二转动连接风箱，风力传动轴上设有均匀分布的风力叶片，风力传动轴上部还设有监测风力传动轴旋转方向和转速的风力转速传感器，风箱外侧设有多个进出风的集风口，集风口上设有控制挡风板旋转的转轴，转轴连接控制电机；本发明设计的转轴和挡风板实现对风向和风力传动轴转速的控制，避免出现外转子和内转子同向旋转的问题，使设备更加稳定和高效；设计的伸缩器控制内转子在外转子内上下移动且能使水箱进入水里和离开水面。

Description

一种船舶节能发电设备
技术领域
本发明涉及节能发电技术领域，具体涉及一种船舶节能发电设备。
背景技术
船舶行业发展迅速，大型船只越来越多，船舶的吨位和排水量越来越大，但是现在的船舶大多还用采用燃油作为动力，这样就会造成燃油这种需要长时间形成的能源消耗越来越大，且燃油提供完动力做功后会产生大量的废气，污染空气和水域环境，长距离航行需要携带大量的储备燃油造成船舶动力损失，或者去海港加油浪费时间和效率。
现在船舶有些船舶采用电或者核能作为动力，电作为船舶动力的是向清洁能源转变的一种方式，发电的方式有很多，船舶在水域环境中风力和水力都是大自然力量形成的用于发电的清洁能源，因此，专利号201310134077.3的一种用于船舶的节能发电装置的专利产品结合风力和水力发电，利用了这种清洁能源，采用风力带动类使用发电机的内转子，水力带动类似发电机的外转子，实现结合风力和水力进行发电。但是这个专利提出的节能发电装置只是对风力和水力结合成了发电装置，不能控制风力和水力分别带动内转子和外转子的旋转方向和风速，在风力和水力同向旋转时，不足以发电，旋转速度快慢没法控制，采用多齿轮加力传动，造成传动磨损，没法实现远程监测发电装置，不能提前预警发电装置的故障，给船舶航行带来安全隐患。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种船舶节能发电设备。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种船舶节能发电设备，包括发电部、位于发电部上方的风力部以及位于发电部下方的水力部，所述发电部包括外转子、内转子和集电环，外转子上部连接风力部的风力传动轴，风力传动轴通过风力固定轴承一和风力固定轴承二转动连接风箱，风力传动轴上设有均匀分布的风力叶片，风力传动轴上部还设有监测风力传动轴旋转方向和转速的风力转速传感器，风箱外侧设有多个进出风的集风口，集风口上设有控制挡风板旋转的转轴，转轴连接控制电机，用以控制风箱进风；
风力传动轴上且在风箱的下方设有轴承，轴承通过支撑板连接多个伸缩器，伸缩器下端连接水力部的水箱，水箱通过水力固定轴承一和水力固定轴承二连接水力传动轴，水力传动轴上水箱内设有水力叶轮，水力传动轴上水箱上部设有监测水力传动轴旋转方向和转速的水力转速传感器，水力传动轴上端穿过外转子连接内转子。
具体的是，所述外转子内侧下部设有磁铁，发电时内转子与磁铁同一水平线，停止发电时内转子向上移动与磁铁不同水平线。
具体的是，所述支撑板上方设有连接伸缩器的伸缩器电机，用以伸缩器通过水箱控制内转子在外转子内上下移动。
具体的是，所述集电环位于支撑板上方且连接在风力传动轴上，且集电环连接电源模块，用于收集电量。
具体的是，所述电源模块电性连接STM32微控制器，STM32微控制器连接伸缩器电机、风力转速传感器、水力转速传感器、控制电机以及无线模块。
具体的是，所述无线模块将风力转速传感器和水力转速传感器采集的旋转方向和转速信息传输至监测平台，监测平台实时监测节能发电设备运行状态，并在发电过程中需要改变风力传动轴的转速和风向时，监测平台下发命令通过STM32微控制器控制连接转轴的控制电机，停止发电或需要发电时，监测平台下发命令通过STM32微控制器控制伸缩器电机，使内转子在外转子内上下移动。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明设计的集风口的转轴和挡风板实现对风向和风力传动轴转速的控制，避免出现外转子和内转子同向旋转的问题，使设备更加稳定和高效；设计的伸缩器控制内转子在外转子内上下移动且能使水箱进入水里和离开水面，实现控制设备的停止和运行，且保护水箱，提高设备的实用寿命；设计的风力传动轴和水力转动轴都是直接传动，避免传动损失，提高设备的运行效率；设计的监测平台实时监测设备的运行，对出现的问题提前预警，快速做出处理方案，远程控制设备的运行和停止，以及调试到最佳的工作状态，使设备运行稳定高效。
附图说明
图1是船舶节能发电设备的运行结构示意图。
图2是船舶节能发电设备的停止结构示意图。
图3是船舶节能发电设备的集风口全开结构示意图。
图4是船舶节能发电设备的集风口半开结构示意图。
图5是船舶节能发电设备的监测平台工作框图。
图中：1-发电部；2-风力部；3-水力部；101-外转子；102-内转子；103-磁铁；104-集电环；105-支撑板；106-伸缩器；107-伸缩器电机；108-轴承；201-风箱；202-风力转动轴；203-风力叶片；204-集风口；205-风力转速传感器；206-风力固定轴承一；207-风力固定轴承二；204a-转轴；204b-挡风板；301-水箱；302-水力传动轴；303-水力叶轮；304-水力转速传感器；305-水力固定轴承一；306-水力固定轴承二。
具体实施方式
以下将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地进一步详细的说明。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1-4所示，一种船舶节能发电设备，包括发电部1、位于发电部1上方的风力部2以及位于发电部1下方的水力部3，发电部1包括外转子101、内转子102和集电环104，外转子101上部连接风力部2的风力传动轴202，风力传动轴202通过风力固定轴承一206和风力固定轴承二207转动连接风箱201，风力传动轴202上设有均匀分布的风力叶片203，风力传动轴202上部还设有监测风力传动轴202旋转方向和转速的风力转速传感器205，风箱201外侧设有多个进出风的集风口204，集风口204上设有控制挡风板204b旋转的转轴204a，转轴204a连接控制电机，用以控制风箱201进风的方向；风力传动轴202上且在风箱201的下方设有轴承108，轴承108通过支撑板105连接多个伸缩器106，伸缩器106下端连接水力部3的水箱301，水箱301通过水力固定轴承一305和水力固定轴承二306连接水力传动轴302，水力传动轴302上水箱301内设有水力叶轮303，水力传动轴302上水箱301上部设有监测水力传动轴302旋转方向和转速的水力转速传感器304，水力传动轴302上端穿过外转子101连接内转子102。
外转子101内侧下部设有磁铁103，发电时内转子102与磁铁103同一水平线，停止发电时内转子102向上移动与磁铁103不同水平线；支撑板105上方设有连接伸缩器106的伸缩器电机107，用以伸缩器106通过水箱301控制内转子102在外转子101内上下移动；集电环104位于支撑板105上方且连接在风力传动轴202上，且集电环104连接电源模块，用于收集电量。
如图5所示，电源模块电性连接STM32微控制器，STM32微控制器连接伸缩器电机107、风力转速传感器205、水力转速传感器304、控制电机以及无线模块；无线模块将风力转速传感器205和水力转速传感器304采集的旋转方向和转速信息传输至监测平台，监测平台实时监测节能发电设备运行状态，并在发电过程中需要改变风力传动轴202的转速和风向时，监测平台下发命令通过STM32微控制器控制连接转轴204a的控制电机，停止发电或需要发电时，监测平台下发命令通过STM32微控制器控制伸缩器电机107，使内转子102在外转子101内上下移动。
一种船舶节能发电设备的使用方法，包括以下步骤：
1)使用节能发电设备时，根据风向打开对应迎风口处的集风口204的控制电机，控制电机控制转轴204a旋转打开挡风板204b，同时相同方式打开相对方向集风口204处的挡风板204b，用于排风；
2)此时风力叶片203开始旋转，通过风力传动轴202带动外转子101与风力叶片203同方向旋转；
3)同时打开伸缩器电机107，伸缩器106带动水箱301和内转子102向下移动，水箱301伸入水中，水流带动水力叶轮303旋转，水力叶轮303通过水力传动轴302带动内转子102旋转，此时内转子102和外转子101的磁铁103在同一水平线上，内转子102做切割磁感线运动，开始发电；
4)监测平台通过STM32无线传输的风力转速传感器205和水力转速传感器304采集的旋转方向和转速信息，监测设备的运行状态，当转速过快或者过慢时，监测平台下发指令，控制集风口204处的控制电机旋转挡风板204b进行调节，当风力传动轴202和水力传动轴302的旋转方向出现相反时，监测平台下发指令，关闭当前集风口204的挡风板204b，只保持水力传动轴302带动内转子102旋转，或者通过开通其他方向集风口204的挡风板204b，调节风向；
5)停止发电时，关闭所有集风口204的挡风板204b，通过伸缩器106使水箱301上移出水面，同时内转子102上移与磁铁103不同水平线，设备停止工作。
本发明不局限于上述实施方式，任何人应得知在本发明的启示下作出的结构变化，凡是与本发明具有相同或相近的技术方案，均落入本发明的保护范围之内。
本发明未详细描述的技术、形状、构造部分均为公知技术。

Claims (6)

1.一种船舶节能发电设备，其特征在于，包括发电部、位于发电部上方的风力部以及位于发电部下方的水力部，所述发电部包括外转子、内转子和集电环，外转子上部连接风力部的风力传动轴，风力传动轴通过风力固定轴承一和风力固定轴承二转动连接风箱，风力传动轴上设有均匀分布的风力叶片，风力传动轴上部还设有监测风力传动轴旋转方向和转速的风力转速传感器，风箱外侧设有多个进出风的集风口，集风口上设有控制挡风板旋转的转轴，转轴连接控制电机，用以控制风箱进风；
风力传动轴上且在风箱的下方设有轴承，轴承通过支撑板连接多个伸缩器，伸缩器下端连接水力部的水箱，水箱通过水力固定轴承一和水力固定轴承二连接水力传动轴，水力传动轴上水箱内设有水力叶轮，水力传动轴上水箱上部设有监测水力传动轴旋转方向和转速的水力转速传感器，水力传动轴上端穿过外转子连接内转子。
2.根据权利要求1所述的船舶节能发电设备，其特征在于，所述外转子内侧下部设有磁铁，发电时内转子与磁铁同一水平线，停止发电时内转子向上移动与磁铁不同水平线。
3.根据权利要求1所述的船舶节能发电设备，其特征在于，所述支撑板上方设有连接伸缩器的伸缩器电机，用以伸缩器通过水箱控制内转子在外转子内上下移动。
4.根据权利要求3所述的船舶节能发电设备，其特征在于，所述集电环位于支撑板上方且连接在风力传动轴上，且集电环连接电源模块，用于收集电量。
5.根据权利要求4所述的船舶节能发电设备，其特征在于，所述电源模块电性连接STM32微控制器，STM32微控制器连接伸缩器电机、风力转速传感器、水力转速传感器、控制电机以及无线模块。
6.根据权利要求5所述的船舶节能发电设备，其特征在于，所述无线模块将风力转速传感器和水力转速传感器采集的旋转方向和转速信息传输至监测平台，监测平台实时监测节能发电设备运行状态，并在发电过程中需要改变风力传动轴的转速和风向时，监测平台下发命令通过STM32微控制器控制连接转轴的控制电机，停止发电或需要发电时，监测平台下发命令通过STM32微控制器控制伸缩器电机，使内转子在外转子内上下移动。
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