WO2018149369A1 - 一种风力发电机组 - Google Patents

一种风力发电机组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018149369A1
WO2018149369A1 PCT/CN2018/076205 CN2018076205W WO2018149369A1 WO 2018149369 A1 WO2018149369 A1 WO 2018149369A1 CN 2018076205 W CN2018076205 W CN 2018076205W WO 2018149369 A1 WO2018149369 A1 WO 2018149369A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nacelle
wind
impeller
column
wind direction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/076205
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄垿淘
黄群国
许玉芹
Original Assignee
黄垿淘
黄群国
许玉芹
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 黄垿淘, 黄群国, 许玉芹 filed Critical 黄垿淘
Publication of WO2018149369A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018149369A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/02—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/02—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors
    • F03D1/025—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors coaxially arranged
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • F03D1/0633—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
    • F03D1/0641—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades of the section profile of the blades, i.e. aerofoil profile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0204—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for orientation in relation to wind direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
    • F03D7/048—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller controlling wind farms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/80—Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular to a wind power generator set.
  • Wind energy is a renewable green energy source that can be used to generate electricity to replace traditional, polluting coal-fired power generation.
  • the structure of the wind turbine is relatively fixed, and the impeller group is oriented in a single direction. Thus, it can only use the single direction of the wind to generate electricity. Once the wind direction changes, the power generation efficiency of the entire wind turbine will drop sharply, or even Power generation will seriously affect the utilization of wind energy in nature.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a wind power generator set, wherein the nacelle of the wind power generator can be rotated relative to the vertical column, thereby changing the orientation of the impeller provided in the nacelle to adapt to the change of the wind direction, thereby effectively utilizing the wind in all directions.
  • Power generation is conducive to improving the utilization efficiency of wind energy and ensuring power generation efficiency.
  • the present invention provides a wind power generator set including a column and a nacelle, the nacelle is mounted on an upper end of the column, and has a first electric energy conversion component therein; and a first impeller group.
  • the first impeller group includes two impellers, and the two impellers are respectively disposed at front and rear ends of the nacelle, and both of the impellers are connected to the first electric energy conversion component; between the nacelle and the column
  • An adapter device is disposed, the upper end portion of the adapter device is fixed to the nacelle, a lower end portion of the adapter device is inserted into the column, and a driving component is disposed in the adapter device, and the driving device is provided
  • the component is drivingly connected to the rolling component provided at the lower end portion, and is capable of controlling the rotation of the rolling component to drive the switching device to rotate relative to the column.
  • the wind power generator provided by the invention has an adapter device between the nacelle and the column, and the transmission device is provided with a driving component. Under the action of the driving component, the adapter device and the nacelle can be rotated relative to the column, and then The orientation of the impellers provided at the front and rear ends of the nacelle is changed to accommodate the change in wind direction.
  • the orientation of the impeller of the wind power generator may also change, so that the impeller can always face the wind direction (or the orientation of the impeller and the wind direction are within a suitable angle range), Not only can we effectively use the wind in all directions of the natural world to improve the utilization of wind energy, but also ensure the efficiency of wind power generation.
  • the wind direction sensor being disposed outside the nacelle; the controller being signally connected to the wind direction sensor and the driving component, The controller is capable of controlling start and stop of the driving component according to a wind direction measured by the wind direction sensor.
  • the wind direction sensor is a wind direction tail provided on the cabin casing.
  • the rolling component comprises a plurality of rollers
  • the driving component is drivingly connected with at least one of the rollers
  • an inner wall of the column is provided with a circumferential ring groove
  • the switching device is installed with the column In the state, each of the rollers is located in the ring groove and is in contact with the lower wall surface of the ring groove.
  • the peripheral wall of the switching device is provided with a first conductive end electrically connected to the first electrical energy conversion component, and the side wall surface and/or the upper wall surface of the annular groove is electrically connected to the second output wire.
  • the second conductive end, the first conductive end and the second conductive end are electrically connected.
  • a power supply device is further included, the power supply device being electrically connected to the driving component.
  • the power supply device is a battery, and an openable charging circuit is disposed between the battery and the first power conversion component to charge the battery when the battery is insufficient; or
  • the power supply device includes a self-generating component including a second impeller group disposed in the nacelle and a second electric energy conversion component disposed inside the nacelle, the second impeller group and the second The power conversion component is connected, the second power conversion component is electrically connected to the driving component and the first conductive end; or the power supply device is the first power conversion component.
  • the impeller includes a hub and a plurality of blades mounted on the hub, each of the blades being a triangular pyramid, and a bottom surface of the triangular pyramid is connected to the hub; one of the three sides of the triangular pyramid The normal of the person is perpendicular to the front and rear directions, and the other is the windward side.
  • the angle between the two windward faces is 50-90 degrees.
  • the number of said blades of said impeller is 3-5.
  • the blades of the impeller at the forward end of the nacelle and the blades of the impeller at the rear end of the nacelle are offset from one another.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment of a wind power generator set provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the joint of the adapter device with the nacelle and the column of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a view of Figure 2 in the A-A direction.
  • a number refers to a plurality of quantities that are indefinite, usually two or more; and when “a number” is used to indicate the number of parts, it does not mean that the number of parts is the same.
  • first and second are used herein to describe two or more structures or components that are identical or similar in structure and do not represent a particular limitation of the order.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment of a wind power generator set according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the connection between the adapter device and the nacelle and the column in FIG. Figure 2 is a view in the AA direction.
  • the present invention provides a wind power generator set including a column 1 and a nacelle 2 .
  • the nacelle 2 is mounted on the upper end of the column 1 , and is internally provided with a first electric energy conversion component 21 , and the outside of the nacelle 2 is provided with a first In an impeller group, the first impeller group comprises two oppositely disposed impellers 3, which are reflected in the drawings, and the two impellers 3 are disposed at axial ends of the nacelle 2.
  • the axial direction of the nacelle 2 may be defined as a front-rear direction, and a direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction in the horizontal plane is defined as a left-right direction.
  • the two impellers 3 are respectively disposed at the front and the rear ends of the nacelle 2.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the number of the first impeller group.
  • the number of the first impeller groups may be one, and only one impeller 3 is disposed at the front and the rear ends of the nacelle 2.
  • the number of the first impeller groups may also be multiple, for example, 3-5, at this time, the front and rear ends of the nacelle 2 will be respectively provided with a plurality of impellers 3, and the impellers 3 at the front end and the impellers 3 at the rear end may be arranged one-to-one to ensure the balance of the wind turbine. .
  • the two impellers 3 in the first impeller group can be connected to the first electric energy conversion component 21, and under the action of the external wind, the two impellers 3 can be rotated to generate mechanical energy, and the first electric energy conversion component 21 can convert the mechanical energy into electric energy, and The electric energy is output through the output wire.
  • the first electrical energy conversion component 21 and the connection structure thereof with the impeller 3 are all common structures in the prior art, and those skilled in the art can fully set it according to the prior art, and thus will not be described herein.
  • the number of the first electric energy conversion components 21 may be two, and is respectively connected to the two impellers 3 in one-to-one correspondence. At this time, the impeller 3 may be combined with the corresponding first electric energy conversion components 21 to form an independent power generation system. The two impellers 3 do not interfere with each other. Of course, the number of the first electric energy conversion components 21 may also be one, and the mechanical energy generated by the two impellers 3 acts on the first electric energy conversion component 21.
  • the two impellers 3 can be connected through the same rotating shaft to ensure The two wheels rotate at the same time, and in order to utilize the wind energy more effectively, the blades 32 of the two impellers 3 can be shifted from each other, so that the blades 32 of the front and rear impellers 3 can withstand the wind thrust to improve the wind power generation efficiency.
  • an adapter device 4 is further disposed between the nacelle 2 and the column 1 .
  • the upper end portion of the adapter device 4 is fixed to the nacelle 2 .
  • the adapter device can be welded or screwed.
  • the fixing device 4 can also be formed integrally with the nacelle 2, that is, the adapter device 4 can be formed by the downward extension of the outer casing of the nacelle 2.
  • the lower end portion of the adapter device 4 is inserted into the column 1 and the switching device 4 is provided with a driving member 41.
  • the driving member 41 can be specifically a motor, a driving member 41 and a rolling member provided at a lower end portion of the switching device 4. Connected, when the driving member 41 is in operation, the rolling member can be controlled to rotate to drive the adapter device 4 to rotate relative to the column 1. Since the adapter device 4 is fixedly coupled to the nacelle 2, the rotation of the adapter device 4 also rotates the engine compartment 2, thereby changing the orientation of the impellers 3 provided at the front and rear ends of the nacelle 2 to accommodate changes in the outside wind direction.
  • the orientation of the impeller 3 of the wind turbine provided by the present invention can also be changed accordingly, so that the impeller 3 can always face the wind direction (or the orientation of the impeller 3 and the wind direction are Within a suitable range of angles, not only can the wind in all directions of the natural world be effectively utilized, the utilization of wind energy can be improved, and the efficiency of wind power generation can be ensured.
  • the detection station can be set, and the staff of the detection station can monitor the wind direction change in real time in real time.
  • the worker can The drive member 41 transmits an operation command, activates the drive member 41, and rotates the engine compartment 2 by a specific angle to adjust the orientation of the impeller 3.
  • the natural wind direction is difficult to guarantee for a period of time.
  • the wind direction has always changed, but the wind direction has a small change.
  • a person skilled in the art can also set a setting range, as long as the wind direction is within the set range, it can be determined that the wind direction has not changed, and the driving component 41 does not need to be operated to avoid the repeated rotation and adjustment of the nacelle 2 Energy waste.
  • the wind turbine may further include a controller (not shown) and a wind direction sensor, and the wind direction sensor may be disposed outside the nacelle 2 to monitor the wind direction in real time, the controller and the wind direction sensor, and the driving component.
  • 41 can be connected by signals, and further, the controller can automatically control the start and stop of the driving component 41 according to the wind direction measured by the wind direction sensor.
  • the wind direction sensor may specifically be a wind direction tail 5 provided in the outer casing of the nacelle 2, which may have a large area, so that when the wind direction changes, the natural wind can generate a driving force to the wind tail tail 5 to assist the engine room. 2 Rotation occurs, so that the energy consumption caused by the rotation of the drive unit 41 with the engine compartment 2 can be reduced.
  • the wind direction sensor can also be other devices capable of detecting the wind direction.
  • the rolling member may include a plurality of rollers 42, each of which may be mounted to the adapter device 4, and a portion of the wheel surface of each roller 42 may extend out of the adapter device 4, and the driving member 41 may be coupled to at least one roller.
  • 42 drive connection in particular, the drive member 41 and the roller 42 can be driven by a pulley, a sprocket or a gear. Of course, the two can also be directly connected.
  • the output shaft of the drive member 41 is a roller.
  • the inner wall of the column 1 may be provided with a circumferential ring groove 11.
  • each roller 42 extending from the adapter device 4 may be in rolling contact with the lower wall surface 111 of the ring groove 11.
  • the lower wall surface 111 can also be provided with an annular guide rail to limit the running direction of the rollers 42, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the rotation of the adapter device 4.
  • the lower end portion of the adapter device 4 may be provided with a convex portion which is convex in the radial direction, and the convex portion can be engaged in the annular groove 11, and each of the rollers 42 protrudes from the lower end surface of the convex portion.
  • Device 4 the upper end portion of the column 1, that is, the portion above the ring groove 11, may be of a split structure.
  • the protrusion may be an annular protrusion or a plurality of radially outwardly convex ribs.
  • the peripheral wall of the convex portion may be provided with a first conductive end 43 electrically connected to the first electrical energy conversion member 21, and the side wall surface 112 and/or the upper wall surface of the annular groove 11.
  • 113 may be provided with a second conductive end 12 electrically connected to the second output wire 7, the first conductive end 43 and the second conductive end 12 may be electrically connected at all times when the switching device 4 is rotated or stationary relative to the column 1 to transmit Electrical energy.
  • the first conductive end 43 and the second conductive end 12 may be ordinary conductive metals, or may be dedicated conductive copper bars or spring conductive sheets.
  • the output wire between the first power conversion component 21 and the external power storage device can be divided into two segments, wherein the first segment is the first output wire 211 for electrically connecting the first power conversion component 21 and a first conductive end 43, the second stage is a second output wire 7 for electrically connecting the second conductive end 12 and an external power storage device. Therefore, when the adapter device 4 rotates relative to the column 1, the first output wire 211 can rotate synchronously with the adapter device 4, and the second output wire 7 is fixed to the column 1 without rotation, and the winding is less likely to occur.
  • the wind turbine set provided by the present invention may also be provided with a power supply unit 44 electrically connected to the drive unit 41 to provide electrical support for the normal operation of the drive unit 41.
  • the power supply device 44 can be a battery, and the battery and the first power conversion component 21 can be provided with an on/off charging circuit 45. When the battery is insufficient, the first power conversion component A portion of the 21 output power can charge the battery.
  • the power supply unit 44 may include a self-generating component, the self-generating component may include a second impeller group 6, and the second impeller group 6 may be disposed at the left end and/or the right end of the nacelle 2, and to avoid The first impeller group is interfered, and the second impeller group 6 can be relatively small in size, and the amount of electric power generated can be used only for the operation of the driving member 41, and of course, the electric power generated when the driving member 41 does not need to be operated. It can also be output through the first conductive end 43.
  • a second electrical energy conversion component connected to the second impeller group 6 may be disposed inside the nacelle 2 for converting mechanical energy generated by the second impeller group 6 into electrical energy, and the second electrical energy conversion component may be coupled to the driving component 41 and the first conductive Terminal 43 is electrically connected.
  • the power supply device 44 can be the first power conversion component 21, that is, the power component can be directly powered by the first power conversion component 21.
  • the impeller 3 can include a hub 31 and a plurality of blades 32 mounted to the hub 31.
  • Each of the blades 32 can be a triangular pyramid, and the bottom surface of the triangular pyramid is coupled to the hub 31.
  • the normal of one of the three sides may be perpendicular to the front-rear direction, that is, perpendicular to the axial direction of the nacelle 2, and the wind in the front-rear direction may flow over the side, and the side is neither facing the wind.
  • the blades 32 also have a downwind surface 321 whose normal line is perpendicular to the left and right direction.
  • each of the blades 32 can have a windward surface 322 in the front and rear directions. Both the front wind and the rear wind can push the blade 32 to rotate, which is beneficial to improve the wind energy. At the same time, for a single direction of wind, such as the front wind or the rear wind, the blade 32 has only a single windward surface 322, which can ensure the normal rotation of the blade 32.
  • the angle between the two windward faces 322 can be set to 50-90 degrees. Of course, it can also be set to other values, which can be set according to actual needs.
  • the number of blades 32 can be 3-5.
  • each of the above-mentioned blades 32 may be formed by casting a metal material, or may be made of a combination of carbon fiber and dolomite, or may be made of a combination of glass fiber and dolomite.
  • any blade production method present in the prior art can be applied to the production of the blades 32 of the wind turbine provided by the present invention.

Abstract

一种风力发电机组，包括立柱（1）和机舱（2），机舱（2）安装于立柱（1）的上端，且其内部设有第一电能转化部件（21）；还包括第一叶轮组，第一叶轮组包括两个叶轮（3），两叶轮（3）分别设于机舱（2）的前后两端，且两叶轮（3）均与第一电能转化部件（21）相连；机舱（2）与立柱（1）之间设有转接装置（4），转接装置（4）的上端部固定于机舱（2），转接装置（4）的下端部插接于立柱（1），且转接装置（4）内设有驱动部件（41），驱动部件（41）和设于下端部的滚动部件传动连接，并能够控制滚动部件转动，以带动转接装置（4）相对立柱（1）转动。该风力发电机组的机舱（2）可相对立柱（1）转动，以改变叶轮（3）的朝向，提高风能的利用效率。

Description

一种风力发电机组
本申请要求于2017年02月15日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710081600.9、发明名称为“一种风电机组”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及风力发电技术领域，尤其涉及一种风力发电机组。
背景技术
风能是一种可再生的绿色能源，可用于发电，以替换传统的、污染严重的燃煤发电。
目前，风力发电机组的结构较为固定，其叶轮组均朝向单一方向，如此，其只能利用该单一方向的来风进行发电，一旦风向改变，整个风力发电机组的发电效率将急剧下降，甚至不能进行发电，严重影响自然界风能的利用率。
因此，如何提供一种风力发电机组，可利用各个方向的来风进行发电，进而提高风能的利用率，仍是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种风力发电机组，该风力发电机组的机舱可相对立柱转动，进而改变设于机舱的叶轮的朝向，以适应于风向的改变，从而可有效利用各个方向的来风进行发电，有利于提高风能的利用效率，并保证发电效率。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种风力发电机组，包括立柱和机舱，所述机舱安装于所述立柱的上端，且其内部设有第一电能转化部件；还包括第一叶轮组，所述第一叶轮组包括两个叶轮，两所述叶轮分别设于所述机舱的前后两端，且两所述叶轮均与所述第一电能转化部件相连；所述机舱与所述立柱之间设有转接装置，所述转接装置的上端部固定于所述 机舱，所述转接装置的下端部插接于所述立柱，且所述转接装置内设有驱动部件，所述驱动部件和设于所述下端部的滚动部件传动连接，并能够控制所述滚动部件转动，以带动所述转接装置相对所述立柱转动。
本发明所提供风力发电机组，其机舱与立柱之间设有转接装置，且转接装置内设有驱动部件，在驱动部件的作用下，转接装置及机舱可相对立柱进行转动，进而可改变设于机舱前后两端的叶轮的朝向，以适应于风向的改变。
如此设置，当外界的风向发生改变时，上述风力发电机组的叶轮的朝向也可随之改变，使得叶轮始终可以与风向正对(或者，叶轮的朝向与风向处于一个合适的角度范围内)，不仅可以有效利用自然界各个方向的来风，提高风能的利用率，同时，还能够保证风力发电的效率。
可选地，还包括控制器和用于检测风向的风向感应器，所述风向感应器设于所述机舱的外部；所述控制器与所述风向感应器、所述驱动部件均信号连接，所述控制器能够根据所述风向感应器测得的风向控制所述驱动部件的启停。
可选地，所述风向感应器为设于所述机舱外壳的风向尾翼。
可选地，所述滚动部件包括若干滚轮，所述驱动部件与至少一个所述滚轮传动连接，所述立柱的内壁设有沿周向的环槽；所述转接装置与所述立柱处于安装状态，各所述滚轮均位于所述环槽内，并与所述环槽的下壁面相接触。
可选地，所述转接装置的周壁设有与所述第一电能转化部件电连接的第一导电端，所述环槽的侧壁面和/或上壁面设有与第二输出电线电连接的第二导电端，所述第一导电端和所述第二导电端电连接。
可选地，还包括供电装置，所述供电装置与所述驱动部件电连接。
可选地，所述供电装置为蓄电池，所述蓄电池与所述第一电能转化部件之间设有可通断的充电电路，以在所述蓄电池的电量不足时为所述蓄电池充电；或者，所述供电装置包括自发电部件，所述自发电部件包括设于所述机舱的第二叶轮组和设于所述机舱内部的第二电能转化部件，所述第二叶轮组与所述第二电能转化部件相连，所述第二电能转化部件与所述驱动部件及所述第一导电端电连接；或者，所述供电装置为所述第一电能转 化部件。
可选地，所述叶轮包括轮毂和安装于该轮毂的若干叶片，各所述叶片均为三棱锥，且所述三棱锥的底面与所述轮毂相连；所述三棱锥的三侧面中，一者的法线与前后方向相垂直，另外两者均为迎风面。
可选地，两所述迎风面的夹角为50-90度。
可选地，所述叶轮的所述叶片的数量为3-5个。
可选地，位于所述机舱前端的所述叶轮的叶片和位于所述机舱后端的所述叶轮的叶片相互错开。
附图说明
图1为本发明所提供风力发电机组的一种具体实施方式的结构示意图；
图2为图1中转接装置与机舱、立柱的连接处的局部剖视图；
图3为图2在A-A方向的视图。
图1-3中的附图标记说明如下：
1立柱、11环槽、111下壁面、112侧壁面、113上壁面、12第二导电端；
2机舱、21第一电能转化部件、211第一输出电线；
3叶轮、31轮毂、32叶片、321顺风面、322迎风面；
4转接装置、41驱动部件、42滚轮、43第一导电端、44供电装置、45充电电路；
5风向尾翼；
6第二叶轮组；
7第二输出电线。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
本文中所述“若干”是指数量不确定的多个，通常为两个以上；且当采用“若干”表示某几个部件的数量时，并不表示这些部件的数量相同。
本文中所述“第一”、“第二”等词，仅是为了便于描述结构相同或相类似的两个以上的结构或部件，并不表示对顺序的某种特殊限定。
请参考图1-3，图1为本发明所提供风力发电机组的一种具体实施方式的结构示意图，图2为图1中转接装置与机舱、立柱的连接处的局部剖视图，图3为图2在A-A方向的视图。
如图1所示，本发明提供一种风力发电机组，包括立柱1和机舱2，机舱2安装于立柱1的上端，且其内部设有第一电能转化部件21，机舱2的外部设有第一叶轮组，该第一叶轮组包括两个相对设置的叶轮3，反映于附图，两叶轮3设置于机舱2的轴向两端。
为便于描述，可将机舱2的轴向定义为前后方向，在水平面内与该前后方向相垂直的方向定义为左右方向。如此，两叶轮3即分别设于机舱2的前后两端，采用这种结构，风力发电机组在前后方向的平衡性可大幅提高，在外界风力较大或者其他特殊情况下不易发生倾倒，可降低使用过程中事故发生的概率，进而提高风力发电机组的使用寿命。
在此，本发明实施例并不限定该第一叶轮组的数量，在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以根据需要进行设定。具体而言，第一叶轮组的数量可以为一个，机舱2的前后两端均只设置一个叶轮3，此种情况可参照图1；第一叶轮组的数量也可以为多个，例如，可以为3-5个，此时，机舱2的前后两端将分别设置多个叶轮3，且前端的各叶轮3与后端的各叶轮3可以一一对应设置，以保证该风力发电机组的平衡性。
第一叶轮组中两叶轮3均可与第一电能转化部件21相连，在外界风力的作用下，两叶轮3可以转动以产生机械能，第一电能转化部件21可将该机械能转化为电能，并通过输出电线将该电能输出。上述第一电能转化部件21及其与叶轮3的连接结构均为现有技术中的常见结构，本领域技术人员完全可以参照现有技术进行设置，故在此不做赘述。
详细而言，第一电能转化部件21的数量可以为两个，并分别与两叶轮3一一对应相连，此时，叶轮3可与相应的第一电能转化部件21组合形成独立的发电系统，两叶轮3彼此之间不存在干涉。当然，该第一电能转化 部件21的数量也可以为一个，两叶轮3所产生的机械能均作用于该第一电能转化部件21，采用这种结构，两叶轮3可以通过同一转轴相连，以保证二者的同步转动，且为了更为有效地利用风能，两叶轮3的叶片32可以彼此错开，以使得前后两叶轮3的各叶片32均可承受风的推力，以提高风力发电效率。
请继续参考图1，在机舱2与立柱1之间还设有转接装置4，转接装置4的上端部固定于机舱2，具体来说，可采用焊接或者螺钉连接等方式对转接装置4进行固定，或者，该转接装置4也可以与该机舱2一体形成，即转接装置4可以由机舱2的外壳向下延伸而形成。
转接装置4的下端部插接于立柱1，且转接装置4内设有驱动部件41，该驱动部件41具体可以为电机，驱动部件41和设于转接装置4下端部的滚动部件传动连接，当驱动部件41运转时，可控制滚动部件转动，以带动转接装置4相对立柱1转动。由于转接装置4与机舱2固定连接，转接装置4的转动同样将带动机舱2转动，进而可改变设于机舱2前后两端的叶轮3的朝向，以适应于外界风向的改变。
如此设置，当外界的风向发生改变时，本发明所提供风力发电机组的叶轮3的朝向也可以随之发生改变，使得叶轮3始终可以与风向正对(或者，叶轮3的朝向与风向处在一个合适的角度范围内)，不仅可以有效利用自然界各个方向的来风，提高风能利用率，同时，还能够保证风力发电的效率。
在具体实施时，可以设置检测站，由检测站的工作人员实时监测外界的风向变化，在风向变化满足预设条件时，例如，风向变化的角度大于预设值时，工作人员可通过机器向驱动部件41发送动作指令，启动驱动部件41，并带动机舱2转动特定角度，以调整叶轮3的朝向。
需要指出，本发明实施例并不对上述的预设条件及特定角度等操作参数作明确限定，在具体实施时，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要进行设定。
另外，自然界的风向在一段时间内很难保证一成不变，实际上，很多时候风向一直都是变化的，只不过风向的变化幅度较小。对此，本领域技术人员还可设置一个设定范围，只要风向在该设定范围内，即可认定风向 未发生变化，驱动部件41即无需动作，以避免机舱2反复转动、调位所造成的能源浪费。
上述的控制驱动部件41动作的过程也可以由设备自身完成，以减少人工控制的参与，提高设备的自动化程度，及转接装置4响应风向变化以进行转动的及时性和准确性。详细而言，该风力发电机组还可以包括控制器(图中未示出)和风向感应器，风向感应器可以设于机舱2的外部，以实时监测风向，控制器与风向感应器、驱动部件41均可以信号连接，进而，控制器可以依据风向感应器所测得的风向自动控制驱动部件41的启停。
该风向感应器具体可以为设于机舱2外壳的风向尾翼5，其可以具有较大的面积，如此，当风向发生改变时，自然界的风可以对该风向尾翼5产生一个推动力，以辅助机舱2发生转动，从而可减少驱动部件41带动机舱2转动所产生的能耗。当然，该风向感应器也可以为其他能够检测风向的设备。
如图2所示，滚动部件可以包括若干滚轮42，各滚轮42均可以安装于转接装置4，且各滚轮42的部分轮面可以伸出转接装置4，驱动部件41可以与至少一个滚轮42传动连接，具体来说，驱动部件41与滚轮42之间可以采用带轮、链轮或者齿轮传动，当然，二者之间也可以直接连接，此时，驱动部件41的输出轴即是滚轮42的驱动轴。立柱1的内壁可以设有沿周向的环槽11，转接装置3与立柱1处于安装状态时，各滚轮42伸出转接装置4的轮面可以与环槽11的下壁面111滚动接触。下壁面111还可以设有环形的导向轨道，以限制各滚轮42的运行方向，进而可保证转接装置4转动的顺畅性。
转接装置4的下端部可以设有沿径向外凸的凸部，该凸部能够卡入环槽11中，各所述滚轮42均从所述凸部的下端面伸出所述转接装置4。为便于安装，立柱1的上端部，即环槽11以上的部分可以采用分体式结构。该凸部可以为环形凸部，也可以包括若干沿径向外凸的凸棱。
进一步地，请继续参考图2，并结合图3，上述凸部的周壁可以设有与第一电能转化部件21电连接的第一导电端43，环槽11的侧壁面112和/或上壁面113可以设有与第二输出电线7电连接的第二导电端12，在转接装置4相对立柱1转动或者静止时，第一导电端43和第二导电端12始终 可以电连接，以传递电能。上述第一导电端43、第二导电端12均可以为普通的导电金属，也可以为专用的导电铜排或者弹簧导电片等。
采用这种结构，可将第一电能转化部件21与外部的储电设备之间的输出电线分为两段，其中，第一段为第一输出电线211，用于电连第一电能转化部件21和第一导电端43，第二段为第二输出电线7，用于电连第二导电端12和外部的储电设备。如此设置，当转接装置4相对立柱1转动时，第一输出电线211可随转接装置4同步转动，第二输出电线7固定于立柱1不发生转动，二者之间不易发生缠绕。
本发明所提供风力发电机组还可以设有与驱动部件41电连接的供电装置44，以为驱动部件41的正常运转提供电力支持。
在第一种具体实施方式中，供电装置44可以为蓄电池，且蓄电池与第一电能转化部件21之间可以设有可通断的充电电路45，当蓄电池的电量不足时，第一电能转化部件21所输出电能的一部分可以为蓄电池充电。
在第二种具体实施方式中，供电装置44可以包括自发电部件，自发电部件可以包括第二叶轮组6，第二叶轮组6可以为设于机舱2左端和/或右端，且为了避免与第一叶轮组发生干涉，该第二叶轮组6的尺寸可以相对较小，其所发出的电量可以仅用于驱动部件41的运转，当然，在驱动部件41无需运转时，其所发出的电量也可以通过第一导电端43输出。机舱2内部可以设置与第二叶轮组6相连的第二电能转化部件，用于将第二叶轮组6所产生的机械能转化为电能，该第二电能转化部件可以与驱动部件41及第一导电端43电连接。
在第三种具体实施方式中，该供电装置44可以为第一电能转化部件21，即可以由第一电能转化部件21直接为驱动部件41供电。
针对上述各实施方式所涉及的风力发电机组，以下本发明实施例还将对各叶轮组(第一叶轮组及第二叶轮组6)的叶片32的具体结构进行描述。
请继续参考图1，叶轮3可以包括轮毂31和安装于该轮毂31的若干叶片32，各叶片32均可以为三棱锥，且三棱锥的底面与轮毂31相连。在三棱锥的三个侧面中，一者的法线可以与前后方向相垂直，即与机舱2的轴向相垂直，前后方向的来风可贴合该侧面流过，该侧面既不迎风，亦不背风，为顺风面321；另外两个侧面则均为迎风面322，分别可以承受前方 来风及后方来风的推力。可以理解，对于设置在机舱2左右两端的第二叶轮组6，其叶片32也具有顺风面321，该顺风面321的法线与左右方向相垂直。
如此设置，本发明所提供风力发电机组，其各叶片32均可具有前后两个方向的迎风面322，无论是前方来风，还是后方来风，均可推动叶片32进行转动，有利于提高风能的利用效率；同时，对于单一方向的风而言，如前方来风或者后方来风，该叶片32又只具有单一的迎风面322，可保证叶片32的正常转动。
上述两迎风面322的夹角可以设置为50-90度，当然，也可以设置为其他值，具体可根据实际需要进行设定。对于单个叶轮3而言，其叶片32的数量可以为3-5个。
在生产时，上述各叶片32可以采用金属材料浇铸制成，也可以采用碳纤维与白云石组合制成，或者，也可以采用玻璃纤维与白云石组合制成。实际上，任何现有技术中所存在的叶片生产方式均可应用于本发明所提供风力发电机组的叶片32的生产。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种风力发电机组，包括立柱(1)和机舱(2)，所述机舱(2)安装于所述立柱(1)的上端，且其内部设有第一电能转化部件(21)，其特征在于，还包括第一叶轮组，所述第一叶轮组包括两个叶轮(3)，两所述叶轮(3)分别设于所述机舱(2)的前后两端，且两所述叶轮(3)均与所述第一电能转化部件(21)相连；
    所述机舱(2)与所述立柱(1)之间设有转接装置(4)，所述转接装置(4)的上端部固定于所述机舱(2)，所述转接装置(4)的下端部插接于所述立柱(1)，且所述转接装置(4)内设有驱动部件(41)，所述驱动部件(41)和设于所述下端部的滚动部件传动连接，并能够控制所述滚动部件转动，以带动所述转接装置(4)相对所述立柱(1)转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述风力发电机组，其特征在于，还包括控制器和用于检测风向的风向感应器，所述风向感应器设于所述机舱(2)的外部；
    所述控制器与所述风向感应器、所述驱动部件(41)均信号连接，所述控制器能够根据所述风向感应器测得的风向控制所述驱动部件(41)的启停。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述风力发电机组，其特征在于，所述风向感应器为设于所述机舱(2)外壳的风向尾翼(5)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述风力发电机组，其特征在于，所述滚动部件包括若干滚轮(42)，所述驱动部件(41)与至少一个所述滚轮(42)传动连接，所述立柱(1)的内壁设有沿周向的环槽(11)；
    所述转接装置(4)与所述立柱(1)处于安装状态，各所述滚轮(42)均位于所述环槽(11)内，并与所述环槽(11)的下壁面(111)相接触。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述风力发电机组，其特征在于，所述转接装置(4)的周壁设有与所述第一电能转化部件(21)电连接的第一导电端(43)，所述环槽(11)的侧壁面(112)和/或上壁面(113)设有与第二输出电线(7)电连接的第二导电端(12)，所述第一导电端(43)和所述第二导电端(12)电连接。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述风力发电机组，其特征在于，还包括供电装置 (44)，所述供电装置(44)与所述驱动部件(41)电连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述风力发电机组，其特征在于，所述供电装置(44)为蓄电池，所述蓄电池与所述第一电能转化部件(21)之间设有可通断的充电电路(45)，以在所述蓄电池的电量不足时为所述蓄电池充电；或者，
    所述供电装置(44)包括自发电部件，所述自发电部件包括设于所述机舱(2)的第二叶轮组(6)和设于所述机舱(2)内部的第二电能转化部件，所述第二叶轮组(6)与所述第二电能转化部件相连，所述第二电能转化部件与所述驱动部件(41)及所述第一导电端(43)电连接；或者，
    所述供电装置(44)为所述第一电能转化部件(21)。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述风力发电机组，其特征在于，所述叶轮(3)包括轮毂(31)和安装于该轮毂(31)的若干叶片(32)，各所述叶片(32)均为三棱锥，且所述三棱锥的底面与所述轮毂(31)相连；
    所述三棱锥的三侧面中，一者的法线与前后方向相垂直，另外两者均为迎风面(322)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述风力发电机组，其特征在于，两所述迎风面(322)的夹角为50-90度。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述风力发电机组，其特征在于，所述叶轮(3)的所述叶片(32)的数量为3-5个。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述风力发电机组，其特征在于，位于所述机舱(2)前端的所述叶轮(3)的叶片(32)和位于所述机舱(2)后端的所述叶轮(3)的叶片(32)相互错开。
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