CN110469311A - The coarse fracture network visualization device of dynamic expansion under the conditions of a kind of simulation confining pressure - Google Patents
The coarse fracture network visualization device of dynamic expansion under the conditions of a kind of simulation confining pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN110469311A CN110469311A CN201910799587.XA CN201910799587A CN110469311A CN 110469311 A CN110469311 A CN 110469311A CN 201910799587 A CN201910799587 A CN 201910799587A CN 110469311 A CN110469311 A CN 110469311A
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 73
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010010149 Complicated fracture Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012332 laboratory investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/04—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of buildings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses the coarse fracture network visualization device of dynamic expansion under the conditions of a kind of simulation confining pressure, including at least one results of fracture simulation unit, it is connected between multiple results of fracture simulation units by multi-angle crossover sub, forms complicated and diversified fracture network；The results of fracture simulation unit includes quad seal shell, observation window one made of transparent material is arranged in back side of shell, the movable plate of back side of shell is arranged parallel in shell, movable plate is parallel with back side of shell to be divided into two independent sealed chambers for enclosure interior space, movable plate can be moved forward and backward with change between movable plate and back side of shell away from, on movable plate install transparent material made of observation window two；Shell front offers strata pressure simulation liquid inlet；Shell left and right side is provided with fracturing fluid inlet and outlet.The device of the invention is the device for having comprehensively considered simulation and confining pressure, the multi-angle ladder of dynamic expansion, multi-angle oblique and multi-angle being added to turn to crack seam net proppant visualization settlement law.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil-gas mining technical field, the coarse fracture network of dynamic expansion under the conditions of especially a kind of simulation confining pressure
Network visualization device.
Background technique
With a large amount of exploitations of domestic and international untraditional reservoir, more and more hypotonic, fine and close oil-gas reservoirs are difficult to conventional
Mode is exploited, therefore the research and development of untraditional reservoir new technique are current Petroleum Engineer focuses of interest both at home and abroad.Closely
Decades hydraulic fracturing technology for untraditional reservoir, especially for shale and tight gas reservoir exploitation at home and abroad quietly
It rises.The successful application of hydraulic fracturing technology ensure that the effective exploitation of untraditional reservoir.Meanwhile the pattern of world's oil gas
Also new chapter has been opened.Now, the volume fracturing technology in hydraulic fracturing technology system is that hypotonic, fine and close oil-gas reservoir is opened
The advantageous methods of hair.The principle of volume fracturing technology mainly first by prepad fluid formed major fracture and multistage secondary fracture or
Major fracture and natural secondary crack are linked up to form complicated fracture network promise.Secondly, entering complicated crack by being pumped into load fluid
Net promise is supported.Effective support of the proppant in complicated fracture network promise can improve higher lead for the seepage flow of oil gas
Stream ability, so that unconventional fine and close oil-gas reservoir be made to obtain higher yield.
Based on technique described above, the experimental study that simulation proppant transports in crack is expanded both at home and abroad, such as: specially
Sharp ZL201310023290.7 discloses a kind of sedimentation of hydraulic fracturing proppants and permeability test device；Patent
ZL201220133225.0 discloses liquid in a kind of seam and takes sand imitative experimental appliance；Patent ZL 201420093980.X is disclosed
A kind of simulation fracturing fracture inner support agent sedimentation and lay experimental provision；Patent No. ZL 201420093980.X discloses one
Kind simulation fracturing fracture inner support agent sedimentation and laying experimental provision.Above-mentioned existing physics facility disadvantage is as follows: (1) all
It is horizontal or vertical crack；(2) height in crack is fixed；(3) crack cannot turn to；(4) crack cannot tilt；(5) crack
Constant width (is unable to dynamic change)；(6) crack wall surface is reduced to glass plate (being not the roughness of rock)；(7) glass plate
Wall surface does not account for the leak-off of rock.Moreover, all devices do not account for the design of load confining pressure structure yet.It simplifies
Design, significantly reduce the full-scale condition that proppant transports in crack.Although branch can be reacted to a certain extent
Support agent transports rule, but is far from each other with rule is transported in the device of true reduction formation condition.Therefore, in inhomogeneity
In type crack and bear dynamic expansion under the conditions of certain confining pressure to transport law study also just aobvious particularly important.
Complicated fracture network promise form is determined based on the means such as microseism and indoor hydraulic fracturing experiments.Its fracture pattern master
It is divided into rectangular vertical/horizontal fracture of following a few classes (1) equal in width, the wedge-shaped vertical/horizontal crack of (2) unequal width, (3)
The stairstepping vertical/horizontal crack of not equal altitude, (4) constantly change direction of travel " trip " vertical/horizontal crack, (5) no
The wedge-shaped vertical/horizontal crack of isospace position.It is found by investigation, internal and international be substantially is split in (1) class static state
The in-house laboratory investigation being unfolded in seam type, disadvantage is set forth above.Therefore, in order to really restore the device of formation condition
Middle proppant laying transports rule, needs dynamically to expand under the conditions of the confining pressure that one kind can be in different type crack and receiving is certain
Exhibition transports law study research device.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention lays experimental provision for existing proppant and excessively simplifies, and significantly reduces proppant and exists
Rule is transported in the full-scale condition transported in crack, the experiment conclusion obtained and the device of true reduction formation condition to have differences
The technical issues of, the coarse fracture network visualization device of dynamic expansion under the conditions of a kind of simulation confining pressure is provided, which is a kind of
Visualization large scale can add confining pressure, dynamic expansion multi-angle ladder, multi-angle oblique and multi-angle to turn to wedge-shaped fracture network
Proppant lays device.
Proppant provided by the invention lays device, including at least one results of fracture simulation unit, multiple results of fracture simulation units
Between be connected to by multi-angle crossover sub, form complicated and diversified fracture network；It further include at least one mounting seat, each
Results of fracture simulation unit is mounted in a mounting seat.
Wherein, the results of fracture simulation unit includes quad seal shell, and observation made of transparent material is arranged in back side of shell
Window one.The movable plate of back side of shell is arranged parallel in shell, movable plate is parallel with back side of shell to divide enclosure interior space
For two independent sealed chambers, chamber one is formed between back side of shell and movable plate, to simulation fracture；Shell front and work
Chamber two is formed between movable plate.Movable plate can be moved forward and backward to change the distance between movable plate and back side of shell.On movable plate
Observation window two made of transparent material is installed, the laying feature of layer of sand is observed by two observation windows.
The shell front offers the strata pressure simulation liquid inlet being connected to chamber two, strata pressure simulated solution
Body, which enters in chamber two, generates pressure to movable plate, to simulated formation pressure.Size by controlling strata pressure makes activity
Plate is separate or close to back side of shell, carrys out the moving process of simulation fracture.Shell front is additionally provided with the displacement of measurement fracture width
Sensor；Shell left and right side is provided with the fracturing fluid inlet and outlet being connected to chamber one；The fracturing fluid of results of fracture simulation unit passes in and out
Mouth coupling adapter, and be connected to by crossover sub with adjacent results of fracture simulation unit.When fracture pressure is greater than strata pressure
When, fracture open, movable plate is far from back side of shell；When fracture pressure is less than strata pressure, crack closure, movable plate is close to shell
The body back side.
The crossover sub is three-way connection, and three interfaces are equipped with flange, pass through flanged joint results of fracture simulation unit
Fracturing fluid inlet and outlet.The three-way connection includes main pipe and Zhi Guanti, and the corner dimension between Zhi Guanti and main pipe is not
It is fixed, it can according to need the angle for being processed into different angle.
Preferably, the shell front openings and be equipped with seal cover board, screw is fixedly connected between cover board and shell.Lid
Two are opened up on plate about the symmetrical strata pressure simulation liquid inlet of central point, institute's displacement sensors are located on cover board；
It is emptied in the middle part of back side of shell, and observation window one made of transparent material is installed.
Preferably, the movable plate includes observation window made of square plate frame and the transparent material being mounted in sheet frame
Two.Sealing ring is equipped with by two one end of abluminal compartment on sheet frame surrounding side；At least two is opposite in sheet frame surrounding side
Side on hold one by one pulley be installed by abluminal compartment, sliding slot is offered with the inner walls face of pulley contact, in strata pressure
Under the pressure effect for simulating liquid, pulley is slided along sliding slot, realizes the back-and-forth motion of movable plate.
Preferably, the observation window one and observation window two are made of transparent organic glass, the inner surface of two observation windows
It is set as hydraulically smooth surface or hydraulically rough surface.The hydraulically rough surface is obtained by 3D printing, and hydraulically rough surface is fixed on sight by fastener
The inner surface of window one and observation window two is examined, thus the practical wall surface of simulation fracture.
Preferably, the main pipe and the external shape of branch pipe are in isosceles trapezoid bulk, and isosceles trapezoid inner hollow is liquid
Body runner, the two bottom edges opening that isosceles trapezoid is parallel to each other are used as liquid entrance, and one side opens up strip shape gob in the middle part of main pipe,
Strip shape gob is parallel to the bottom edge of main pipe, the bottom edge opening connection of strip shape gob and Zhi Guanti, another bottom edge opening of Zhi Guanti
And the two bottom edges opening that main pipe is parallel to each other is imported and exported by the fracturing fluid of flanged joint results of fracture simulation unit respectively；It is described
The cross section of main pipe and Zhi tubular body runner is rectangle, the bottom edge opening with flanged joint, the length of oblong openings
Degree and width are equal to the fracture height and width of results of fracture simulation unit to be connected.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
One, proppant laying device of the invention are to take into account consider the fabrication design of other four kinds of types of fractures, split
The visualization large scale of the factors such as wall surface design, the design of the confining pressure in crack and the leak-off design in crack of seam can add confining pressure, move
State extends multi-angle ladder, multi-angle oblique and multi-angle and turns to wedge-shaped fracture network support agent laying device, makes up research pair
As the blank with research method.
Secondly, that the present invention not only realizes fracture height is variable, but also the height change in crack, the height of secondary fracture become
Change range to increase, meets the different seam net situation of the complex fracture height at scene, be seam of the proppant in different fracture heights
Net laying sets situation and provides advantageous study condition.Advantageous experimental basis has been researched and proposed especially for theoretical；The present invention
It is realized outside crack by the visualization shell of the nested unique processing in visualization crack periphery by injecting the water of different volumes
Enclose uniform-compression.Present invention employs the designs of unique simulated formation confining pressure, realize and visualize under the conditions of different confining pressures
The transportation function of proppant.It is combined secondly, using existing test with existing leak-off, the uniqueness of calibration visualization window leak-off is set
Meter, is embedded in visualization window using 3D printing wall surface, really reduces what formation fracture extension, leak-off and proppant transported
All real processes.Meanwhile the function with having multiple changing angle branch fractures and Optional assembling and disassembly branch fractures and crack leak-off
Energy.
Further advantage, target and feature of the invention will be partially reflected by the following instructions, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram that proppant of the invention lays device.
Fig. 2 is results of fracture simulation unit cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is results of fracture simulation unit outline drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that strata pressure of the present invention simulates liquid inlet position scheme of installation.
Fig. 5 is the composition schematic diagram of crossover sub of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the hydraulically rough surface schematic diagram of observation window two.
Figure label:
1- results of fracture simulation unit, 2- crossover sub, 3- fracturing fluid injection pipe, 4- strata pressure simulation fluid pipeline, 5- peace
It fills pedestal, 6- cover board, 7- shell, 8- displacement sensor, 9- sheet frame, 10- observation window two, 11- strata pressure and simulates liquid feed liquor
Mouth, 12- sealing element, 13- screw, 14- observation window one, 15- connecting hole, 16- fracturing fluid inlet and outlet, 17- branch tube body, 18- flange,
19- main pipe, 20- hydraulically rough surface, 21- fastener screws, 22- chamber one, 23- chamber two, 24- sealing ring, 25- pulley, 26-
Sliding slot.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that preferred reality described herein
Apply example only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in figures 1 to 6, proppant provided by the invention lays device, including at least one results of fracture simulation unit 1, multiple
It is connected between results of fracture simulation unit 1 by multi-angle crossover sub 2, forms complicated and diversified fracture network；It further include at least one
A mounting seat 5, each results of fracture simulation unit 1 are mounted in a mounting seat 5.Pass through the group of multiple results of fracture simulation units 1
Conjunction can simulate multi-angle branch seam, seam net.
Wherein, the results of fracture simulation unit 1 includes quad seal shell 7, and 7 front openings of shell are simultaneously equipped with seal cover board 6,
It is fixedly connected between cover board 6 and shell 7 by screw 13, and is sealed by sealing element 12.Measurement crack is also equipped on cover board 6
The displacement sensor 8 of width.It is emptied in the middle part of 7 back side of shell, 7 inner close fitting back side of shell of shell installs observation made of transparent material
Window 1.
The movable plate of back side of shell is arranged parallel in shell 7, the movable plate is by square plate frame 9 and is mounted on sheet frame 9
The composition of observation window 2 10 made of interior transparent material.Movable plate is parallel with 7 back side of shell to be divided into two for enclosure interior space
A independent sealed chamber forms chamber 1 between 7 back side of shell and movable plate, to simulate the crack of pressure break formation.Shell
Chamber 2 23 is formed between 7 front of body and movable plate.Movable plate can be moved forward and backward to change observation window 1 and observation window 2 10
The distance between.The laying feature of layer of sand is observed by two observation windows.
Opened up on the cover board 6 strata pressure that two are symmetrically connected to about central point with chamber 2 23 simulate liquid into
Liquid mouth 11, simulation liquid inlet 11 connect strata pressure and simulate fluid pipeline 4.Chamber 2 23 is used as pressure control chamber, passes through stratum
Pressure simulation fluid pipeline 4 injects strata pressure simulation liquid into chamber 2 23, pressure is generated to movable plate, to simulate ground
Layer gives the pressure in crack.Size by controlling strata pressure keeps movable plate separate or close to 7 back side of shell, carrys out simulation fracture
Moving process.7 left and right side of shell is provided with the fracturing fluid inlet and outlet 16 being connected to chamber 1 and connecting hole 15.Crack mould
The fracturing fluid of quasi-simple member 1 imports and exports 16 coupling adapters 2, and is connected by crossover sub 2 and adjacent results of fracture simulation unit 1
It is logical.The fracturing fluid import for first results of fracture simulation unit 1 that fracturing fluid flows into connects fracturing fluid injection pipe 3.When fracture pressure is big
When strata pressure, fracture open, movable plate is far from 7 back side of shell；When fracture pressure is less than strata pressure, crack closure,
Movable plate is close to 7 back side of shell.It is opened for simulating seam net compression in fracturing process, after pressure break under strata pressure effect,
The entire dynamic process of crack closure, transparent observation window show the regularity of distribution of layer of sand in whole process, and are learned to do by section
Duan Fanying layer of sand lays feature.
As shown in figure 5, the crossover sub 2 is three-way connection, three interfaces are equipped with flange 18.7 left and right sides of shell
Connecting hole 15 and the flange in face are used cooperatively, and the fracturing fluid of the interface and results of fracture simulation unit 1 of realizing crossover sub 2, which is imported and exported, to be connected
It connects.The three-way connection includes main pipe 19 and Zhi Guanti 17, and the corner dimension between Zhi Guanti and main pipe is indefinite, Ke Yigen
According to the angle for needing to be processed into different angle, preferably angle is 90 °.The main pipe and the external shape of branch pipe are in isosceles trapezoid block
Shape, isosceles trapezoid inner hollow are flow channel for liquids, and the two bottom edges opening that isosceles trapezoid is parallel to each other is used as liquid entrance, supervisor
One side opens up strip shape gob in the middle part of body, and strip shape gob is parallel to the bottom edge of main pipe, the bottom edge opening of strip shape gob and Zhi Guanti
The two bottom edges opening that connection, another bottom edge opening of Zhi Guanti and main pipe are parallel to each other is respectively by flanged joint results of fracture simulation
The fracturing fluid of unit 1 is imported and exported；The cross section of the main pipe and Zhi tubular body runner is rectangle, the bottom with flanged joint
Side opening, the length and width of oblong openings are equal to the fracture height and width of results of fracture simulation unit 1 to be connected.Conversion
Connector 2 can be designed to different angles, different flange sizes, thus realize the Crack Element nature transition of different height,
The extension for realizing seam net, forms inhomogeneous joint network structure.
Wherein, flange 18 can also be connected with blind plate, complete seam net and terminate.Crossover sub 2 be by transparent material one at
Type, separated structure can also be integrally formed or also can be used with flange.By replacing different corner sizes, different flanges
The crossover sub 2 of size realizes the variation of fracture corner and main seam, secondary fracture different height.
As one of preferred mode, by 2 23 one end of abluminal compartment equipped with close on the 9 surrounding side of sheet frame of the movable plate
Seal 24；Pulley 25 is installed by one 22 one end of abluminal compartment at least two opposite sides in the 9 surrounding side of sheet frame, with
7 inner wall of shell of pulley contact offers sliding slot 26, and pulley is slided along sliding slot, realizes the back-and-forth motion of movable plate.Pass through
Sealing ring is set to completely cut off two chambers completely, liquid convection in two chambers is avoided to mix.
The observation window 1 and observation window 2 10 are made of transparent organic glass, and the inner surface of two observation windows can be set
It is set to hydraulically smooth surface or hydraulically rough surface.For example, as shown in fig. 6, the hydraulically rough surface 20 is obtained by 3D printing.The system of hydraulically rough surface
Preparation Method: before this sampling rock, then hydraulic fracturing slit, then laser scanning rock fracture surface, and quantize rock
Fracture faces go out true rock fracture surface finally by 3D printing, are used for experimental facilities.Hydraulically rough surface 20 passes through fastener
Screw 21 is fixed on the inner surface of observation window 2 10, thus the practical wall surface situation of simulation fracture.By replacing hydraulically rough surface 20
Different crack resistance situations can be simulated.
Proppant of the invention lays the working principle of device are as follows:
Firstly, setting confining pressure and in the case where the series of ladder crack, by fracturing fluid injection pipe 3 to results of fracture simulation
Unit 1 injects fracturing fluid, stitches interior pressure and becomes larger, fracture open, and can be convenient eye split inner support by transparent organic glass
Agent lays state.
Proppant of the invention lays the application method of device, and steps are as follows:
(1) load fluid is configured according to requirement of experiment；
(2) proppant that preparing experiment requires；
(3) confining pressure in crack is set as certain value, has concurrently set the series and ladder height in ladder crack；
(4) branch's seams at different levels are set, are adjusted to wanted test angle, and be closed all visualization fracture widths；
(5) cleannes laid in device are checked；
(6) it first injects laying device with clear water to be recycled, the leakproofness of check device is put after confirmation leakproofness is good
Empty device；
(7) load fluid is uniformly mixed in mixing sand tank with proppant, forms mixed liquor；It is required according to experimental program
Discharge capacity using pump by the mixed liquor be injected into lay device in；
(8) in experimentation, the laying process of proppant is observed, and records the laying state of proppant.
After the test, cleaning experiment device prepares next group of experiment.
In conclusion the present invention provides a kind of visualization large scales can add confining pressure, dynamic expansion fracture network proppant
Lay device.The device not only realizes fracture height and can be changed, but also the height change model of the height change in crack, secondary fracture
Increasing is enclosed, the different seam net situation of the complex fracture height at scene is met, it can also be nested unique by visualization crack periphery
The visualization shell of processing realizes major fracture and secondary fracture uniform-compression, realizes by injecting the water of different volumes
The non-linear link of main seam realizes main seam (0-360 °) different direction rotation and the rotation of secondary fracture (0-360 °) different direction
Turn, has researched and proposed advantageous experimental basis for theoretical.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention in any form, though
So the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention, any technology people for being familiar with this profession
Member, without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the technology contents using the disclosure above make a little change or modification
For the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, but anything that does not depart from the technical scheme of the invention content, according to the technical essence of the invention
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification to the above embodiments, all of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. the coarse fracture network visualization device of dynamic expansion under the conditions of a kind of simulation confining pressure, which is characterized in that including at least one
A results of fracture simulation unit is connected between multiple results of fracture simulation units by multi-angle crossover sub, forms complicated and diversified crack
Network；
The results of fracture simulation unit includes quad seal shell, and observation window one made of transparent material, shell is arranged in back side of shell
It is inside arranged parallel to the movable plate of back side of shell, movable plate is parallel with back side of shell to be divided into two independences for enclosure interior space
The chamber of sealing forms chamber one between back side of shell and movable plate, to simulation fracture, shape between shell front and movable plate
At chamber two, movable plate can be moved forward and backward to change the distance between movable plate and back side of shell, install transparent material on movable plate
Observation window two made of expecting observes the laying feature of layer of sand by two observation windows；Shell front, which is opened up, to be connected to chamber two
Strata pressure simulates liquid inlet, and strata pressure simulation liquid, which enters in chamber two, generates pressure to movable plate, to simulate
Strata pressure；Size by controlling strata pressure keeps movable plate separate or close to back side of shell, carrys out the folding of simulation fracture
Journey；Shell front is additionally provided with the displacement sensor of measurement fracture width；
Shell left and right side is provided with the fracturing fluid inlet and outlet being connected to chamber one；Fracturing fluid imports and exports coupling adapter, and
It is connected to by crossover sub with adjacent results of fracture simulation unit；
When fracture pressure is greater than strata pressure, fracture open, movable plate is far from back side of shell；When fracture pressure is laminated with being less than
When power, crack closure, movable plate is close to back side of shell.
2. the coarse fracture network visualization device of dynamic expansion under the conditions of simulation confining pressure, feature exist as described in claim 1
In the shell front openings are simultaneously equipped with seal cover board, and strata pressure simulation liquid inlet is opened up on cover board, and the displacement passes
Sensor is installed on the cover board；It is emptied in the middle part of back side of shell, and observation window one made of transparent material is installed.
3. the coarse fracture network visualization device of dynamic expansion under the conditions of simulation confining pressure, feature exist as described in claim 1
In the movable plate includes observation window two made of square plate frame and the transparent material being mounted in sheet frame.
4. the coarse fracture network visualization device of dynamic expansion under the conditions of simulation confining pressure, feature exist as described in claim 1
In the inner surface of the observation window one and observation window two is set as hydraulically smooth surface or hydraulically rough surface.
5. the coarse fracture network visualization device of dynamic expansion under the conditions of simulation confining pressure, feature exist as described in claim 1
In the crossover sub is three-way connection, and three interfaces are equipped with flange, pass through the pressure break of flanged joint results of fracture simulation unit
Liquid inlet and outlet.
6. the coarse fracture network visualization device of dynamic expansion under the conditions of simulation confining pressure, feature exist as claimed in claim 5
In the three-way connection includes main pipe and Zhi Guanti, and the corner dimension between Zhi Guanti and main pipe is indefinite, can be according to need
It is processed into the angle of different angle.
7. the coarse fracture network visualization device of dynamic expansion under the conditions of simulation confining pressure, feature exist as claimed in claim 6
In the main pipe and the external shape of branch pipe are in isosceles trapezoid bulk, and isosceles trapezoid inner hollow is flow channel for liquids, isosceles trapezoid
The two bottom edge positions opening being parallel to each other opens up strip shape gob as liquid entrance, main pipe middle part one side, and strip shape gob is parallel
In the bottom edge of main pipe, a bottom edge of strip shape gob and Zhi Guanti, which are open, to be connected, another bottom edge opening of Zhi Guanti and main pipe
The two bottom edges opening being parallel to each other is imported and exported by the fracturing fluid of flanged joint results of fracture simulation unit respectively；The main pipe and Zhi
The cross section of tubular body runner is rectangle；With the bottom edge aperture position of flanged joint, the length and width of oblong openings
Equal to the fracture height and width of results of fracture simulation unit to be connected.
8. the coarse fracture network of dynamic expansion is visually disguised under the conditions of the simulation confining pressure as described in claim 1-7 any one
It sets, which is characterized in that further include at least one mounting seat, each results of fracture simulation unit is fixedly mounted on a mounting seat
On.
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