CN110467417A - A kind of gypsum base dry-mixed mortar and preparation method thereof for 3D printing - Google Patents

A kind of gypsum base dry-mixed mortar and preparation method thereof for 3D printing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110467417A
CN110467417A CN201810450455.1A CN201810450455A CN110467417A CN 110467417 A CN110467417 A CN 110467417A CN 201810450455 A CN201810450455 A CN 201810450455A CN 110467417 A CN110467417 A CN 110467417A
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gypsum
cementitious material
printing
water
mixed mortar
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CN110467417B (en
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王鹏起
王丽
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Beijing New Building Material Group Co Ltd
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Beijing New Building Material Group Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/082077 priority patent/WO2019214388A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
    • C04B2111/00181—Mixtures specially adapted for three-dimensional printing (3DP), stereo-lithography or prototyping
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of gypsum base dry-mixed mortar and preparation method thereof for 3D printing, the dry-mixed mortar include the first cementitious material and the second cementitious material, and first cementitious material is the first gypsum, and second cementitious material is formed by the second gypsum, bauxite and red mud.The described method includes: the second gypsum, bauxite and red mud are calcined after mixing, the second cementitious material is obtained；By second cementitious material, with the first gypsum as the first cementitious material and optionally, water-reducing agent, water-retaining agent are uniformly mixed, and obtain mixture；It is dissolved in ethyl alcohol to by the mixture；Optionally, the ethanol solution of mixture is uniformly mixed with coagulant, binder, obtains the gypsum base dry-mixed mortar.The technical solution of the application is not only solved currently used for the material of 3D printing technique the problem of being mostly organic material, also solves that common gypsum base mortar coagulation time is long, after slurry hardening the problem of intensity difference.

Description

A kind of gypsum base dry-mixed mortar and preparation method thereof for 3D printing
Technical field
This application involves but be not limited to New Building Materials technical field, be particularly, but not limited to a kind of for 3D printing Gypsum base dry-mixed mortar and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
3D printing material is the important material base of 3D printing technique development, and to a certain extent, the development of material determines 3D printing can be more widely used.Currently, 3D printing material mainly includes engineering plastics, photosensitive resin, rubber Material, metal material and ceramic material etc., in addition to this, the food materials such as artificial bone meal, cell biological raw material and granulated sugar It is applied in 3D printing field.
Gypsum is a kind of air hardening cementitious materials, has micro-expansibility, surface smooth texture is fine and smooth and has good Processability.Land plaster can be used as the moulding material of 3D printer, in the work of water-based ink after some modified additives are added Under can rapid curing, have certain intensity.Compared with other 3D printing materials, gypsum plaster and its product have perhaps More advantageous properties, it is the 3D material that uniquely can be used for full-color printing that such as fast solidifying, particle is fine, diameter is easy to adjust, And it is abundant to draw materials, and cheap and easy to get, production energy consumption is low, and cost performance is high, and sustainable use, toxic side effect is minimum, beats in existing 3D It is most safe and environmentally friendly for printing in material.In addition, the micro-expansibility of gypsum makes plastering surface smooth full, color is clean White, quality is fine and smooth, has good decorative and processability, is the excellent material for making sculpture.But gypsum also have compared with More disadvantages causes apparent density and intensity lower as porosity is larger after hardening, and poor water resistance etc. all limits answering for gypsum With.So good, easy to process, the at low cost general inorganic 3D printing gypsum base material of development mechanics performance is 3D printing material One developing direction.
With the development of 3D printing technique, dry-mixed mortar also will be disengaged from the intension of current ordinary mortar.It is built in 3D printing In, dry-mixed mortar will be widely as " ink " of printer.In various 3D printing techniques, 3D printing gypsum base ornament materials Dry-mixed mortar in performance have advantage outstanding, foreign study person the field achieve considerable technology at Fruit, but it is domestic relatively fewer to the technical research of 3D printing gypsum base ornament materials dry-mixed mortar, and focus primarily upon GRG and building The application in field is built, gypsum base ornament materials dry-mixed mortar and its research in 3D printing technique still belong to blank.
Summary of the invention
It is the general introduction to the theme being described in detail herein below.This general introduction is not the protection model in order to limit claim It encloses.
This application provides a kind of gypsum base dry-mixed mortars for 3D printing, not only solve currently used for 3D printing skill The problem of material of art is mostly organic material also solves intensity difference after common gypsum base mortar coagulation time length, slurry hardening The problem of.
Specifically, this application provides a kind of gypsum base dry-mixed mortar for 3D printing, the gypsum base dry-mixed mortars Including the first cementitious material and the second cementitious material, first cementitious material be the first gypsum, second cementitious material by Second gypsum, bauxite and red mud are formed.
In some embodiments, the weight ratio of second gypsum, the bauxite and the red mud can be (13- 16):(28-38):(33-84)。
In some embodiments, second cementitious material can by by second gypsum, the bauxite and The red mud is calcined to obtain after mixing.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the calcining can be 900-1250 DEG C, and the time can be 2-10min.
In some embodiments, second gypsum can appoint in desulfurized gypsum, ardealite and the natural gypsum Meaning is one or more of.
In some embodiments, the ardealite can handle to obtain by following methods: remove big in ardealite Particle, the flash burning 2-10min at 700-900 DEG C, adding quick lime to adjust the pH value of ardealite is 6-8.
In some embodiments, first gypsum can be desulfurized gypsum and/or the natural gypsum.
In some embodiments, first gypsum can be α high strength gypsum.
In some embodiments, the granularity of first gypsum can be 100-400 mesh, and D50 can be 40-50 μm.
Present inventor is the study found that the particle size of powder and distribution have very big influence to overall performance. Partial size is excessive, and the density and intensity of material can reduce；The small powder of granularity can reduce minimum thickness, improve consistency.But grain Too small powder is spent since the effect of Van der Waals force is easy mutually to reunite, and is not easy to pave.If the granular size of sample mixes, paving When powder can gap preferably between filler particles make bisque be easier to pave and fine and close and without the apparent crystallization water, and The excessive then elongated crystallization of powder diameter, too small powder diameter is then in acicular crystal, and single layer defect is obvious when powdering.So powder Material should be of moderate size, and favorable dispersibility should not only pursue smaller partial size, and it should be made to be easier to spread during powdering The strength of materials of gentle densification, manufacture is higher.Therefore, the application selection by the control of the granularity of the first gypsum 100-400 mesh it Between, D50 is controlled between 40-50 μm, the gypsum base dry-mixed mortar intensity with higher prepared at this time.
In some embodiments, the gypsum base dry-mixed mortar for 3D printing can also include coagulant, bonding Agent and optionally water-reducing agent, water-retaining agent；
Wherein, first cementitious material is 100 parts by weight, and second cementitious material is 5-10 parts by weight, the rush Solidifying agent is 1-3 parts by weight, and the binder is 1-2 parts by weight, and optionally, the water-reducing agent is 0.1-0.5 parts by weight, the guarantor Aqua is 0.05-0.1 parts by weight.
In some embodiments, the coagulant can be selected from one of alum, potassium sulfate and ammonium sulfate or more Kind.
In some embodiments, the binder can be selected from UV adhesive, the solution of UV adhesive, epoxide-resin glue One of solution of glutinous agent and epoxy resin adhesive or more.
In this application, term " solution of UV adhesive ", " solution of epoxy resin adhesive " are respectively referred to UV gluing Agent, epoxy resin adhesive are dissolved in the solution being configured in solvent, and the solvent is the nontoxic, volatile molten of insoluble gypsum Agent, for example, ethyl alcohol.
In some embodiments, the water-reducing agent can be in polycarboxylate water-reducer and maleic acid type water reducer It is one or more of.
In some embodiments, the water-retaining agent can be selected from hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, methyl cellulose ether, hydroxyl One of ethylmethylcellulose ether and polyvinyl alcohol or more.
It is described present invention also provides a kind of method for preparing the gypsum base dry-mixed mortar as described above for 3D printing Method the following steps are included:
Second gypsum, bauxite and red mud are calcined after mixing, obtain the second cementitious material；
By second cementitious material, with the first gypsum as the first cementitious material and optionally, water-reducing agent, water-retaining agent are mixed It closes uniformly, obtains mixture；
It is dissolved in ethyl alcohol to by the mixture；
Optionally, the ethanol solution of mixture is uniformly mixed with coagulant, binder, obtains the dry-mixed sand of the gypsum base Slurry.
In some embodiments, the method may include following steps:
Second gypsum, bauxite and red mud are calcined after mixing, obtain the second cementitious material；
Second cementitious material is uniformly mixed with the first gypsum as the first cementitious material, obtains the first mixing Object；
Water-reducing agent and/or water-retaining agent are added into first mixture, obtains the second mixture；
Second mixture is dissolved in ethyl alcohol；
The ethanol solution of second mixture is uniformly mixed with coagulant, binder, obtains the ardealite of the 3D printing Backbone mortar.
In some embodiments, contain ardealite in second gypsum, the method also includes: by described second Before gypsum, the bauxite and red mud mixing, the ardealite in second gypsum is pre-processed: removing ardealite In bulky grain, the flash burning 2-10min at 700-900 DEG C, add quick lime adjust ardealite pH value be 6-8.
It in some embodiments, can be the gypsum base dry-mixed mortar of preparation for the dosage of the ethyl alcohol of dissolving mixt The 1/3-1/2 of the dosage of added mixing water when in use.Wherein, the dosage of mixing water can be according to side commonly used in the art Method determines, for example, being measured according to the method for " measurement of standard diffusion degree water consumption " in standard GB/T/T28627-2012.
Red mud and bauxite are added in gypsum base dry-mixed mortar by the application, under the high temperature conditions the CaO in red mud, aluminium Al in alumina2O3With the CaSO in gypsum4·2H2O, which can react, generates aluminium sulfate (3CaO3Al2O3·CaSO4), see Fig. 1, aluminium sulfate belong to cementitious material, have the advantages that setting time is short, intensity is big, water-tolerant, therefore be able to solve use In the common gypsum base mortar material of 3D printing the problem of setting time is long, intensity is small after slurry hardening, poor water resistance.
Other features and advantage will illustrate in the following description, also, partly become from specification It obtains it is clear that being understood and implementing the application.The purpose of the application and other advantages can be by specifications, right Specifically noted structure is achieved and obtained in claim and attached drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide to further understand technical scheme, and constitutes part of specification, with this The embodiment of application is used to explain the technical solution of the application together, does not constitute the limitation to technical scheme.
Fig. 1 is the X ray diffracting spectrum of the second cementitious material of the application.
Specific embodiment
For the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the application are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the application Embodiment be described in detail.It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, in the embodiment and embodiment in the application Feature can mutual any combination.
Desulfurized gypsum used in following embodiment comes from Huaneng Group granary power plant, and bauxite comes from Shoudu Iron and Steel Co refractory material Factory, red mud are the old red mud that Shandong Aluminium Industrial Corp's sintering process produces stacking discharged in aluminium oxide smelting process.
Embodiment 1
(1) 151g desulfurized gypsum raw material, 360g bauxite and 336g red mud are weighed, is uniformly mixed, is calcined at 1000 DEG C 4min obtains the second cementitious material；
(2) 12kg desulfurized gypsum raw material are taken, it is steam-cured to place it in progress low pressure under 0.7 atmospheric pressure, and crystal modifier is added； Then the pressure of water vapour is adjusted to 13 atmospheric pressure and carries out high-pressure steaming and cultivating；Then, by dihydrate gypsum abjection vapor into Row itself is steam-cured；Finally directly hot-air is passed through into still kettle to be baked to, it is levigate, obtain α high strength gypsum；
(3) the α high strength gypsum is ground to granularity between 100-400 mesh, D50 is between 40-50 μm；
(4) the α high strength gypsum that step (3) obtains is mixed with second cementitious material, obtains the first mixture；
(5) in the first mixture of Xiang Suoshu be added 12g water-reducing agent () and 6g water-retaining agent (hydroxypropyl P29 Methyl cellulose ether), obtain the second mixture；
(6) second mixture is dissolved in ethyl alcohol, to prevent α high strength gypsum from hydration reaction occurs；
(7) ethanol solution for the second mixture for obtaining step (6), 284g coagulant (alum), 120g binder (UV Adhesive) and mixing water pass through four respectively and be pumped out to mixing chamber, obtain slurry after mixing, the slurry is by pump pump Out, the ethyl alcohol of step (6) is evaporated in mixed process；
(8) slurry after molding is handled in isostatic cool pressing testing machine final set is preposition, forms fine and close material.
Wherein, the dosage of mixing water can be according to " the standard diffusion degree water consumption in standard GB/T/T28627-2012 Measurement " method measurement；The dosage of ethyl alcohol used in step (6) can be the 1/3-1/2 of mixing water dosage.
Embodiment 2
It is 80 that the present embodiment, which is different from that of the embodiment 1 only in the following aspects: in step (3) α high strength gypsum being ground to granularity, Mesh or so.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is different from that of the embodiment 1 only in the following aspects: desulfurized gypsum in the second cementitious material, bauxite and red Mud additive amount is different, wherein desulfurized gypsum 151g, bauxite 328g, red mud 336g.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is different from that of the embodiment 1 only in the following aspects: the second cementitious material calcinating system difference, and mixture is forged Firing degree are as follows: temperature be 900 DEG C of calcining 6min.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is different from that of the embodiment 1 only in the following aspects: in step (1) using ardealite preparation the second gelling material Material, specific steps are as follows: 1) pre-process to ardealite: carrying out screening process to ardealite, removes the phosphorus stone that partial size is greater than 2 μm Then cream particle carries out flash burning processing to ardealite, flash burning temperature is 800 DEG C, time 5min；Then it is added in ardealite Suitable quick lime, the pH value for adjusting ardealite is about 7；2) weigh the pretreated ardealite of 151g, 360g bauxite and 336g red mud is uniformly mixed, calcines 4min at 1000 DEG C, obtain the second cementitious material.
Comparative example 1
Mortar, preparation process are prepared with common desulphurization gypsum are as follows:
(1) 1000g β base semi-hydrated gypsum clinker is prepared using common desulphurization gypsum；
(2) 1g is added into the β base semi-hydrated gypsum clinker that step (1) obtainsP29 water-reducing agent, 0.5g Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether water-retaining agent, 23.7g alum accelerator and 10g UV adhesive are uniformly mixed；
(3) add suitable mixing water in the mixture obtained to step (3).
(4) slurry after molding is handled in isostatic cool pressing testing machine final set is preposition, forms fine and close material.
Performance test
1, desulfurized gypsum raw material, bauxite and red mud are pressed into (CaO:Al2O3:CaSO4·2H2The stoichiometry of O=3:3:1 Than mixing, and 2-10min is calcined under the different temperatures within the scope of 900-1250 DEG C, obtains the second cementitious material.Test obtains The second cementitious material X ray diffracting spectrum, test result is see Fig. 1.
In Fig. 1, characteristic peak 1 is 3CaO3Al2O3·CaSO4(it is abbreviated as C4A3S characteristic peak).It will be seen from figure 1 that There is 3CaO3Al after 900 DEG C, 950 DEG C, 1100 DEG C and 1250 DEG C calcinings2O3·CaSO4It generates.
2, join according to the performance of " mortar basic performance tests method standard " testing example and the mortar of comparative example preparation Number, test result is see table 1.
Table 1
As it can be seen from table 1 the compression strength and coefficient of softing of the mortar of the embodiment of the present application 1-5 preparation are all significantly higher than The mortar that comparative example 1 is prepared with common desulphurization gypsum, since the water resistance of the more big then material of coefficient of softing is better, the application The water resistance of the mortar of embodiment 1-5 preparation is preferable.In addition, the presetting period and end of the mortar of the embodiment of the present application 1-5 preparation The solidifying time is more able to satisfy use demand.
Although embodiment disclosed by the application is as above, the content only for ease of understanding the application and use Embodiment is not limited to the application.Technical staff in any the application fields, is taken off not departing from the application Under the premise of the spirit and scope of dew, any modification and variation, but the application can be carried out in the form and details of implementation Scope of patent protection, still should be subject to the scope of the claims as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of gypsum base dry-mixed mortar for 3D printing, the gypsum base dry-mixed mortar includes the first cementitious material and second Cementitious material, first cementitious material are the first gypsum, and second cementitious material of the second cementitious material is by the second gypsum, aluminium Alumina and red mud are formed.
2. the gypsum base dry-mixed mortar according to claim 1 for 3D printing, wherein second gypsum, the aluminium The weight ratio of alumina and the red mud is (13-16): (28-38): (33-84).
3. the gypsum base dry-mixed mortar according to claim 1 for 3D printing, wherein second cementitious material passes through It is calcined second gypsum, the bauxite and the red mud to obtain the second cementitious material after mixing；Optionally, The temperature of the calcining is 900-1250 DEG C, time 2-10min.
4. the gypsum base dry-mixed mortar according to any one of claim 1-3 for 3D printing, wherein second stone Any one of cream in desulfurized gypsum, ardealite and the natural gypsum or more；
Optionally, the ardealite handles to obtain by following methods: the bulky grain in ardealite is removed, at 700-900 DEG C Flash burning 2-10min, adding quick lime to adjust the pH value of ardealite is 6-8.
5. the gypsum base dry-mixed mortar according to claim 1 for 3D printing, wherein first gypsum is desulfurization stone Cream and/or the natural gypsum；Optionally, the granularity of first gypsum is 100-400 mesh, and D50 is 40-50 μm；Optionally, described First gypsum is α high strength gypsum.
6. the gypsum base dry-mixed mortar according to any one of claims 1-5 for 3D printing further includes coagulant, viscous Tie agent and optionally water-reducing agent, water-retaining agent；
Wherein, first cementitious material is 100 parts by weight, and second cementitious material of the second cementitious material is 5-10 weight Part, the coagulant is 1-3 parts by weight, and the binder is 1-2 parts by weight, and optionally, the water-reducing agent is 0.1-0.5 weight Part, the water-retaining agent is 0.05-0.1 parts by weight.
7. the gypsum base dry-mixed mortar according to claim 6 for 3D printing, wherein the coagulant be selected from alum, One of potassium sulfate and ammonium sulfate or more；
The binder is selected from the molten of UV adhesive, the solution of UV adhesive, epoxy resin adhesive and epoxy resin adhesive One of liquid or more.
8. the gypsum base dry-mixed mortar according to claim 6 for 3D printing, wherein
The water-reducing agent is selected from one of polycarboxylate water-reducer and maleic acid type water reducer or more；
The water-retaining agent is selected from hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, methyl cellulose ether, ethoxyl methyl cellulose ether and polyethylene One of alcohol or more.
9. a kind of method for preparing the gypsum base dry-mixed mortar according to claim 1 to 8 for 3D printing, It the described method comprises the following steps:
Second gypsum, bauxite and red mud are calcined after mixing, obtain second the second cementitious material of cementitious material；
By second cementitious material of the second cementitious material with as the first cementitious material the first gypsum and optionally water-reducing agent, Water-retaining agent is uniformly mixed, and obtains mixture；
It is dissolved in ethyl alcohol to by the mixture；
Optionally, the ethanol solution of mixture is uniformly mixed with coagulant, binder, obtains the gypsum base dry-mixed mortar.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, wherein,
Contain ardealite in second gypsum, the method also includes: by second gypsum, the bauxite and described Before red mud mixing, the ardealite in second gypsum is pre-processed: the bulky grain in ardealite is removed, in 700-900 Flash burning 2-10min at DEG C, adding quick lime to adjust the pH value of ardealite is 6-8.
CN201810450455.1A 2018-05-11 2018-05-11 Gypsum-based dry-mixed mortar for 3D printing and preparation method thereof Active CN110467417B (en)

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