CN110466698A - Ice breaker - Google Patents
Ice breaker Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110466698A CN110466698A CN201910841490.0A CN201910841490A CN110466698A CN 110466698 A CN110466698 A CN 110466698A CN 201910841490 A CN201910841490 A CN 201910841490A CN 110466698 A CN110466698 A CN 110466698A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ice
- ice breaker
- breaker
- breaking
- bow
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/04—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull
- B63B1/06—Shape of fore part
- B63B1/063—Bulbous bows
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/04—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull
- B63B1/08—Shape of aft part
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/08—Ice-breakers or other vessels or floating structures for operation in ice-infested waters; Ice-breakers, or other vessels or floating structures having equipment specially adapted therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ice breakers, its bow one end has three feature locations of position one, position two and position three, position one is at 45% to 55% width position of ice breaker, position two is at 70% to 80% width position of ice breaker, position three is at 90% to 95% width position of ice breaker, and bow has bulb bow;Half entrance angle at position one is less than 30 °;Half entrance angle at position two is less than 20 °;Horizontal distance at position three away from bow is greater than 40 meters.Ice breaker provided by the invention is by being arranged bulb bow and the corresponding bow specification convenient for ice-breaking in forward, bow is set to have ice-breaking capacity, a series of and structures for ice-breaking of part same design on the quarter, make the ice breaker under the premise of bow has ice-breaking capacity, stern section also has ice-breaking capacity, meet the requirement of arctic navigation convenient for the ice breaker, and can adapt to different navigation demands, improves its economy and versatility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to shipbuilding field, in particular to a kind of ice breaker.
Background technique
With global warming, seawater melts, and resource and navigation channel become practical interests from profit potential.Just become at present
From the point of view of gesture, center of gravity is just gradually turned to arctic navigation channel by global navigation channel.Arctic navigation channel is valued by people, and is on the one hand due to generation
Most of developed country, boundary is in the north of 30 degree of north latitude, this area produces the industrial products of the world today 80%, occupies
70% international trade.The international trade course line in these areas will be made to shorten about 6000~8000 kilometers after arctic navigation channel is unimpeded
Voyage, 40% navigation cost is saved, to bring huge economic interests.On the other hand, arctic navigation channel is once open-minded, also
It can reduce the Strait of Malacca, the congestion that the Suez is got worse, avoid the threat of Somalia pirate being becoming increasingly rampant.Cause
This, novel polar region ice formation ship will occupy very important status in world's ship order, arctic navigation ship type is developed early,
Be conducive to company and squeeze into polar region ship type market.
The pull-up oil carrier of A Fu is widely used in Black Sea basin, the North Sea, the Caribbean, China sea and Mediterranean.Because of port
The limitation of mouthful facility, the harbour of many Non-OPEC oil exporting countries, it is difficult to adapt to ultra large crude carrier, ultra-large crude carrier, so
There is very big demand to the pull-up ship of A Fu.The pull-up ship of A Fu meets AFRA average freight rate assessment, also referred to as " freight charges type ship ", generally with
The optimal benefit point of freight charges revenue and costs spending is core design, and load-carrying generally at 80000-100000 tons, can be convenient
Most of harbours into North America, economy is good, and has good adaptability to ice formation.But it is nowadays used
A Fula oil carrier does not have requirement of the polar region ice-breaking type oil carrier to ship generally, to can not apply A Fula oil carrier in pole
On the course line of ground transport, so, a kind of pull-up ice breaker of the A Fu with polar region transport capacity is produced, is current ship development
Inexorable trend.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is in order to overcome tradition A Fula oil carrier in the prior art not have polar region
Transport capacity is unsatisfactory for the defect of the requirement of Polar Class (referring to arctic navigation grade, abbreviation PC) A grades of ships of specification, provides
A kind of ice breaker.
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem by following technical proposals:
A kind of ice breaker, bow one end of the ice breaker have three Q-characters of position one, position two and position three
Set, the position one be the ice breaker 45% to 55% width position at, the position two be the ice breaker 70% to
At 80% width position, the position three be the ice breaker 90% to 95% width position at, it is characterized in that, the ice breaker
Bow have bulb bow;Half entrance angle at the position one is less than 30 °;Half entrance angle at the position two is less than 20 °;
The horizontal distance away from bow is greater than 40 meters at the position three.The setting of bulb bow enables the bow of the ice breaker to have ice-breaking
Power;The setting of half entrance angle of the ice breaker above three feature locations swims the ice breaker relative to conventional A Fula
Ship angle is smaller, and sharper keen angle is presented.Setting at position three also makes the ice breaker compared with conventional A Fula ship, has
Longer stem entrance is conducive to navigation of the ice breaker in the ice face of polar region.
Preferably, the position one is at 50% width position of the ice breaker, the position two is the ice breaker
At 75% width position, the position three is at 95% width position of the ice breaker.
Preferably, half entrance angle at the position one is 20 ° to 25 °, the half entrance angle at the position two be 10 ° extremely
15°.The angle setting of the ice breaker makes it compared with traditional A Fula oil carrier, and line style is more skinny, to the pressure of ice face
Can be bigger, so keeping its ice-breaking capacity stronger.
Preferably, the half entrance angle at the position one is 23 °, the half entrance angle at the position two is 13 °.
Preferably, the stern of the ice breaker includes three parts, part one is main hull part;Part two is ice-breaking portion
Point, for ice-breaking and form ice discharge passage;Part three is slow-witted rudder part, the stability in course when for keeping ship's navigation.
Preferably, the angle between the tail portion lower edge and horizontal line of the main hull part is between 18 ° to 22 °.
Preferably, the ice-breaking part is located at the bottom end two sides of the main hull part, the ice-breaking part is axis
Symmetrical structure, the ice-breaking part include propeller mounting platform part and advance effect partial, the advance effect partial
Cross section is " V " shape, and the lower edge of the advance effect partial is the bus of the ice-breaking part, the bus with it is horizontal
Angle is the ice-breaking part and the main hull between 15 ° to 25 °, positioned at the bottom end two sides of the main hull part
A groove is formed between part, the groove is used to for the trash ice below hull being discharged.The ice-breaking part not only acts as ice-breaking
Effect, installation space can also be provided to the propeller propagated, and also cooperatively form an ice discharging with the main hull part
Channel enables the trash ice of hull bottom to drain into ship rear as early as possible.The range of tilt angles of the bus can guarantee the ice-breaking portion
Dividing to carry out collision ice-breaking to ice sheet simultaneously, while the gravity that also can use stern forms ice sheet and bends ice-breaking.It improves
The efficiency of ice-breaking.
Preferably, the horizontal distance between two buses of the ice-breaking part is between 18 to 22 meters.
Preferably, the horizontal length of the ice-breaking part is between 15 meters to 25 meters.
Preferably, the lower surface of propeller mounting platform part is a horizontal plane, the horizontal plane and the ice-breaking
The vertical range of the minimum point of ship is greater than 8 meters.The horizontal plane can satisfy the requirement of installation PODDED PROPULSOR, and ensure that
When the ice breaker is in most light-draft situation, on the quarter to when navigation, it is ensured that the propeller work of PODDED PROPULSOR
Make under ice face, plays the role of protecting propeller blade.
Preferably, the lower surface of propeller mounting platform part is one round, the circular radius is greater than 5 meters.
Preferably, stern one end of the ice breaker is provided with a stern transom plate, the stern transom plate is perpendicularly fixed at described broken
The tail portion of ice boat, one end of the ice-breaking part are connected to the lower edge of the stern transom plate, the lower edge of the stern transom plate and institute
The vertical range for stating the minimum point of ice breaker is greater than 15 meters, and the lower edge of the stern transom plate is higher than the scantling draft of the ice breaker
1 meter of line.The ice-breaking part be located at the ice breaker position setting can make the ice breaker tail to navigation when, by
It is higher than design ice layer thickness in stern transom plate lower edge, the direct shock of Ship Structure and ice sheet will be avoided.
Preferably, the slow-witted rudder part is located at the lower surface of the main hull part, the slow-witted rudder part is axial symmetry knot
Structure, section are airfoil, and the slow-witted rudder part is extended to from the middle position of two propeller mounting platform parts
In the middle part of the hull bottom of the ice breaker.
The positive effect of the present invention is that:
Ice breaker provided by the invention is by being arranged bulb bow and the corresponding bow ruler convenient for ice-breaking in forward
Very little specification makes the bow of the ice breaker have ice-breaking capacity, and a series of in the stern section same design of the ice breaker
For the stern construction of ice-breaking, make the ice breaker under the premise of bow has ice-breaking capacity, stern section also has ice-breaking
Ability, can satisfy the requirement of arctic navigation convenient for the ice breaker, and can adapt to different navigation demands, improve its use
Economy and versatility.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the lateral half section of the bow of the ice breaker of present pre-ferred embodiments.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the ice breaker of present pre-ferred embodiments.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the ice breaker of present pre-ferred embodiments.
Description of symbols:
The bow 1 of ice breaker
Position 1
Position 2 12
Position 3 13
Half entrance angle a at position one
Half entrance angle b at position two
Bulb bow 2
The stern 3 of ice breaker
Main hull part 31
Ice-breaking part 32
Slow-witted rudder part 33
Stern transom plate 4
Specific embodiment
Illustrate below by the mode of a preferred embodiment and completely the present invention in conjunction with attached drawing to become apparent from, but not because
The invention is limited to the scope of the described embodiments for this.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the present invention provides a kind of ice breaker, 1 one end of bow of the ice breaker have position 1,
Three feature locations of position 2 12 and position 3 13, position 1 are position two at 45% to 55% width position of ice breaker
12 for 70% to 80% width position of ice breaker at, position 3 13 is and the ice-breaking at 90% to 95% width position of ice breaker
The bow 1 of ship has bulb bow 2, and the upper limb of bulb bow 2 is sharp and linearly downward, and entire bulb bow 2 is more skinny, can be effective
Trash ice advance is arranged, so the setting of bulb bow 2 can make the bow 1 of the ice breaker have ice-breaking capacity.In above three feature
At position, the half entrance angle a at position 1 less than 30 °, the half entrance angle b at position 2 12 less than 20 °, at position 3 13 away from
The horizontal distance of the end of the bow 1 of ice breaker is greater than 40 meters.Half entrance angle refers to tangent line and ship at the designed water line of hull
The angle in body middle line face.Setting at these three feature locations can make the ice breaker relative to conventional A Fula pleasure-boat angle more
It is small, sharper keen angle is presented, and the setting at position 3 13 also makes the ice breaker compared with conventional A Fula ship, has more
Long stem entrance is conducive to navigation of the ice breaker in the ice face of polar region.
In the present embodiment, chosen position 1 is at 50% width position of ice breaker, and position 2 12 is ice breaker
At 75% width position, position 3 13 is at 95% width position of ice breaker.And the half entrance angle a at position 1 be 20 ° extremely
25 °, the half entrance angle b at position 2 12 is 10 ° to 15 °.The angle setting of the ice breaker makes itself and traditional A Fula oil carrier phase
Than, line style is more skinny, also can be bigger to the pressure of ice face, keep its ice-breaking capacity stronger.In order to use better ship type
To reach the more preferably influence on ice-breaking capacity, half entrance angle a at chosen position 1 is 23 °, half at position 2 12 into
Flowing angle b is 13 °, to reach the ice-breaking effect that more preferably ship type is used to enhance the ice breaker.
For the ship that 6 ice grade of Polar Class (i.e. arctic navigation grade, abbreviation PC) requires, bulb bow can be used
To carry out ice-breaking activity.Ice sheet under the requirement of this ice grade is relatively thin, and ice-breaking uses " continous way " icebreaking method, mainly by propeller
Ice sheet is rived and is crashed by strength and fore (stern).So can attempt using the pull-up oil carrier bow of conventional A Fu and ball nose is arranged
Line style of the bow as this 6 grades of ice navigation oil carrier of PC.But for conventional type oil tanker bow, ship and ice collision area
Bulb bow is focused primarily upon to go out and ship shoulder (stem to shoulder transitional region).Because the fore body of conventional type oil tanker is more too fat to move,
Shoulder linear change is larger, when it being caused to emit collision with ice face, may hurt ship hull plate and ship side structure.Line style is set
Meter will be conducive to reduce ice face and trash ice to the pressure of hull, so needing the Alignment Design suitably according to the above-mentioned ice breaker
To change the linear structure of conventional hull, is reached by control line style and reduce ice face collision area, while controlling trash ice to ship
Oceangoing ship two sides are mobile rather than hull bottom.
The stern 3 of the ice breaker includes three parts, and part one is main hull part 31;Part two is ice-breaking part 32,
For ice-breaking and form ice discharge passage;Part three is slow-witted rudder part 33, the stability in course when for keeping ship's navigation.Main ship
Angle between the tail portion lower edge and horizontal line of body portion 31 is to be set as 20 ° in the present embodiment between 18 ° to 22 °.It is broken
Ice part 32 is located at the bottom end two sides of main hull part 31, is axially symmetric structure, and ice-breaking part 32 is pacified including propeller
Assembling platform part and advance effect partial.The cross section of advance effect partial is " V " shape, and lower edge is the mother of ice-breaking part 32
Line, bus and horizontal angle are to be set as 25 ° in the present embodiment between 15 ° to 25 °.Positioned at main hull part 31
A groove is formed between the ice-breaking part 32 and main hull part 31 of bottom end two sides, which is used for will be broken below hull
Ice raft goes out.Ice-breaking part 32 not only acts as the effect of ice-breaking, can also provide installation space to the propeller of ship, and can also
Enough and main hull part 31 cooperatively forms an ice discharge passage, and the trash ice of hull bottom is enable to drain into the rear of ship as early as possible.Bus
Range of tilt angles can guarantee that ice-breaking part 32 can carry out collision ice-breaking to ice sheet simultaneously, while also can use ice breaker
Stern 3 gravity to ice sheet formed bend ice-breaking, improve the efficiency of ice-breaking.
Horizontal distance between two buses of ice-breaking part 32 is the horizontal length of ice-breaking part 32 between 18 to 22 meters
Between 15 meters to 25 meters, in the present embodiment, the horizontal distance being set as between the bus of left and right is 20 meters, ice-breaking part 32
Horizontal length is 25 meters.
The lower surface of propeller mounting platform part be a horizontal plane, the horizontal plane it is vertical with the minimum point of ice breaker away from
From greater than 8 meters.The setting of horizontal plane can satisfy the requirement in the bottom of ice breaker installation PODDED PROPULSOR, and ensure that
When ice breaker be in most light-draft situation on the quarter to when navigation, guarantee the propeller works of PODDED PROPULSOR in
Under ice face, play the role of protecting propeller blade.In order to reach preferably installation fixed effect, by propeller mounting platform
Partial lower surface is set as round for one, and the circular radius is greater than 5 meters.
3 one end of stern of ice breaker is provided with a stern transom plate 4, and stern transom plate 4 is perpendicularly fixed at the stern 3 of ice breaker, ice-breaking
One end of the ice-breaking part 32 of ship is connected to the lower edge of stern transom plate 4, and the minimum point of the lower edge and ice breaker of stern transom plate 4 is hung down
Straight distance is greater than 15 meters, and is higher than 1 meter of scantling draft line of ice breaker.The scantling draft line of the ship refers to the ice breaker
Summer Load Line, i.e. the maximum draft line of summer area.Position setting of the ice-breaking part 32 on ice breaker can make brokenly
Ice boat, to when navigation, since 4 lower edge of stern transom plate is higher than design ice layer thickness, will avoid the straight of Ship Structure and ice sheet in tail
Connect shock.
Slow-witted rudder part 33 is located at the lower surface of main hull part 31, and staying rudder part 33 is axially symmetric structure, and section is machine
Wing, slow-witted rudder part 33 extends to the hull bottom of the ice breaker from the middle position of two propeller mounting platform parts
Middle part.Convenient for stablizing ship's navigation process, the stability to go as course.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that this is only
For example, protection scope of the present invention is to be defined by the appended claims.Those skilled in the art without departing substantially from
Under the premise of the principle and substance of the present invention, many changes and modifications may be made, but these change and
Modification each falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of ice breaker, bow one end of the ice breaker has three feature locations of position one, position two and position three,
The position one is at 45% to 55% width position of the ice breaker, and the position two is the 70% to 80% of the ice breaker
At width position, the position three is at 90% to 95% width position of the ice breaker, which is characterized in that the ship of the ice breaker
Head has bulb bow;Half entrance angle at the position one is less than 30 °;Half entrance angle at the position two is less than 20 °;It is described
Horizontal distance at position three away from bow is greater than 40 meters.
2. ice breaker as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the position one is 50% width position of the ice breaker
Place, the position two are at 75% width position of the ice breaker, and the position three is at 95% width position of the ice breaker.
3. ice breaker as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the half entrance angle at the position one is 20 ° to 25 °, institute
It is 10 ° to 15 ° that rheme, which sets the half entrance angle at two,.
4. ice breaker as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the half entrance angle at the position one is 23 °, the position
Half entrance angle at two is 13 °.
5. ice breaker as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the stern of the ice breaker includes three parts, part one
For main hull part;Part two is ice-breaking part, for ice-breaking and forms ice discharge passage;Part three is slow-witted rudder part, for protecting
The stability in course when holding ship's navigation.
6. ice breaker as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the tail portion lower edge of the main hull part and horizontal line it
Between angle be between 18 ° to 22 °.
7. ice breaker as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the ice-breaking part is located at the bottom of the main hull part
One end two sides, the ice-breaking part are axially symmetric structure, and the ice-breaking part includes propeller mounting platform part and the work that advances
With part, the cross section of the advance effect partial is " V " shape, and the lower edge of the advance effect partial is the ice-breaking part
Bus, the bus and horizontal angle are between 15 ° to 25 °, positioned at the bottom end two sides of the main hull part
The ice-breaking part and the main hull part between form a groove, the groove is used to arrange the trash ice below hull
Out.
8. ice breaker as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the level between two buses of the ice-breaking part
Distance is between 18 to 22 meters.
9. ice breaker as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the horizontal length of the ice-breaking part be 15 meters to 25 meters it
Between.
10. ice breaker as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the lower surface of propeller mounting platform part is one
The vertical range of the minimum point of horizontal plane, the horizontal plane and the ice breaker is greater than 8 meters.
11. ice breaker as claimed in claim 10, which is characterized in that the lower surface of propeller mounting platform part is one
Circle, the circular radius are greater than 5 meters.
12. ice breaker as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that stern one end of the ice breaker is provided with a stern transom plate,
The stern transom plate is perpendicularly fixed at the tail portion of the ice breaker, and one end of the ice-breaking part is connected to the following of the stern transom plate
Edge, the vertical range of the minimum point of the lower edge of the stern transom plate and the ice breaker are greater than 15 meters, the stern transom plate it is following
Edge is higher than 1 meter of scantling draft line of the ice breaker.
13. ice breaker as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the slow-witted rudder part is located under the main hull part
Surface, the slow-witted rudder part are axially symmetric structure, and section is airfoil, and the slow-witted rudder part is installed from two propellers
The middle position of terrace part extends in the middle part of the hull bottom of the ice breaker.
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CN201910841490.0A CN110466698B (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Ice breaker |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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CN201910841490.0A CN110466698B (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Ice breaker |
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CN110466698A true CN110466698A (en) | 2019-11-19 |
CN110466698B CN110466698B (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112373635A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-19 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Novel icebreaker bow structure |
CN112478070A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-12 | 江苏科技大学 | Be applied to device that opens ice at polar region boats and ships bulb nose head |
CN112793722A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-05-14 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Polar region scientific investigation ship type capable of bidirectionally breaking ice |
CN113022797A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-06-25 | 江苏科技大学 | Variable stern structure suitable for icebreaker tail ice breaking operation |
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KR20130071738A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-07-01 | 에스티엑스조선해양 주식회사 | Ice breaker included bulbous bow |
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JPH10157687A (en) * | 1996-12-03 | 1998-06-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Ice breaker type observation ship with stern edge |
KR20130071738A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-07-01 | 에스티엑스조선해양 주식회사 | Ice breaker included bulbous bow |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112373635A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-19 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Novel icebreaker bow structure |
CN112478070A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-12 | 江苏科技大学 | Be applied to device that opens ice at polar region boats and ships bulb nose head |
CN112793722A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-05-14 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Polar region scientific investigation ship type capable of bidirectionally breaking ice |
CN113022797A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-06-25 | 江苏科技大学 | Variable stern structure suitable for icebreaker tail ice breaking operation |
CN113022797B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-02-18 | 江苏科技大学 | Variable stern structure suitable for icebreaker tail ice breaking operation |
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